日中韓の小学校理科教科書の内容の比較 : Ⅰ　中国の小学校における理科教育

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(1). ᣣਛ㖧ߩዊቇᩞℂ⑼ᢎ⑼ᦠߩౝኈߩᲧセ ̆ Σ ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆℂ⑼ᢎ⢒ 㧙. .

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(6) . & '($) . && (*'+ , . ! "&&& $) - . /+. In recent years, we are living in the era of globalization, the amount of exchange and transportation of people as well as various kinds of materials is increasing. Especially in East Asia, developments of economy of China and Korea are remarkable, thus many information, materials and people are moving across the boundaries between these counties and Japan. Even to the Hyogo University of Teacher Education, many students and researchers are visiting from these countries and several international collaborative research works have been carried out.. Based on these. backgrounds, the authors have projected the international collaborative research work on “Comparison of Contents of Textbooks of Natural Science at Elementary School in Japan, China and Korea”, and the research on the “Natural Science Education of Elementary School in China” was started as the first stage of this project. In this paper, the flow of the units and their outlines in the textbooks of natural science at elementary school currently used in China are reported.. When the contents of the. textbooks used in China are glanced over from the point of their educational purpose, the weight of the contents useful to the real life, especially to the fundamental knowledge for works such as material production or building constructions, seems large.. The number of the young people who get to the. work just after the graduation of junior high school is still large in China. This fact seems to tell the requirement of the education useful for their daily life and jobs as vocational education. ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼:. ዊቇᩞᢎ⑼ᦠ㧘 ℂ⑼ᢎ⢒㧘 ᣣᧄ㧘 ਛ࿖㧘㖧࿖. Keywords:. Elementary school textbook, Natural science education, Japan, China, Korea ⒖േߦߣߤ߹ࠄߕ㧘ੱߩ⒖േߦ߅޿ߡ߽⋓ࠎߦߥߞ ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ㄭᐕ㧘᧲ࠕࠫࠕߩ࿖‫ޘ‬㧘ਛ࿖߿㖧࿖ ߩ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷߪ㗼⪺ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ࿖߆ࠄߩᖱႎ⊒ ା㧘‛ߩ⒖േ㧘ੱߩ⒖േ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄቇ㧔౓ᐶᢎ⢒ᄢቇ㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ㄭᐕ㧘ࠕࠫࠕ ฦ࿾߆ࠄᄙߊߩ⇐ቇ↢߿ᶏᄖ⎇ⓥ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇ㧘࿖ 㓙⊛ߥ⎇ⓥදജᵴേ߽⋓ࠎߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘 ৻ᣇߢ㧘ᣣᧄ㧘ਛ࿖㧘㖧࿖ߪหߓṽሼᢥൻ࿤ߦዻߒ㧘. ˍġ ġ ͉̲͛ͅġ ⃻࿷㧘ᚒ‫ᤨߩࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠯࡝ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣߪޘ‬ઍߦ↢߈ ߡ߅ࠅ㧘⒳‫⵾ߩޘ‬ຠߩ⵾ㅧߦᔅⷐߥේ᧚ᢱߪ߽ߣࠃ ࠅ㧘಴᧪਄߇ߞߚ⵾ຠ㧘߹ߚ㧘↢ᵴߦᰳ߆ߖߥ޿㘩 ᧚ߥߤᄙߊߩ‛⾰߇㧘ో਎⇇⊛ߥⷙᮨߢ⒖േߒߡ޿ ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡝࠯࡯࡚ࠪࡦߪ㧘‛⾰ߩ. "#$. %&. . . . . ! '( 0 1)*. .

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(8) ǐߪ㧘ᰴߩ ࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬. ౒ㅢߩᢥൻ⊛ၮ⋚ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᱧผ⊛⚻✲ ߆ࠄ㧘੹㧘౓ᐶᢎ⢒ᄢቇߩࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߢ㧘౒ߦ↢ᵴ ߔࠆᣣᧄੱቇ↢㧘ਛ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢㧘㖧࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢߇߹ ߞߚߊหߓ⍮⼂⊛ၮ⋚ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ߣ㧘ߘ ߁ߣ߽⸒߃ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ߦߪ㧘ߘߩ୘ੱ߇ฃߌߚ㧘ߘ ߩᤨ‫ߩޘ‬࿖ߩ⚻ᷣ⁁ᘒ߿㧘᡽╷߇ᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬㧘ᣣᧄߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ㆊ෰චᢙᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚࠆ ‫ࠅߣࠁޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ᤨߩޠ‬ઍߦ㧘ዊቇᩞ߿ਛቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ ⟵ോᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߢᢎ߃ࠄࠇࠆනరౝኈ߇ᄢ᏷ߦᷫዋ ߒߚߎߣߪ๟⍮ߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻ᣇ㧘౓ᐶᢎ⢒ᄢቇߢߪ㧘ㄭᐕ㧘࿖㓙දജᢎ⢒ߩ ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᄢቇ㒮ߦ⸳⟎ߔࠆߥߤ㧘ᢎ⢒࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ ߅޿ߡ߽㧘⎇ⓥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ᶏᄖߣߩ੤ᵹ߇ 㕖Ᏹߦ⋓ࠎߦߥߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘ᧄ⪺⠪ߩየ㑐ߣ㊄ ߪ㧘ᣣᧄߣ㖧࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆⅣႺᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᲧセ⎇ⓥ ࠍ 2007 ᐕ߆ࠄᆎ߼ߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⪺⠪ߩ๟ߪ㧘2008 ᐕ߆ࠄᣣᧄߣਛ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆℂ⑼ᢎ⢒ߩᲧセࠍ⋡⊛ ߦ⎇ⓥࠍᆎ߼ߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬⢛᥊ߩ߽ߣ㧘⪺⠪╬ߪ㧘 ‫ޟ‬ᣣਛ㖧ߩዊቇᩞℂ⑼ᢎ⑼ᦠߩౝኈߩᲧセ‫࡯࠹ࠍޠ‬ ࡑߦ㧘౒ห⎇ⓥࠍડ↹ߒ㧘ߘߩ╙৻Ბ㓏ߣߒߡ㧘 ‫ޟ‬ਛ ࿖ߩዊቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆℂ⑼ᢎ⢒‫ߴ⺞ߡ޿ߟߦ⁁⃻ߩޠ‬ ࠆߎߣߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘⃻࿷㧘ਛ࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥౝ ኈߩ⟵ോᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߦ㧘 ౉ᚻน⢻ߥᦨᣂߩਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞߩᢎ⑼ᦠ (2003-2007) ߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߘߩනర᭴ᚑߣฦනరߩౝ ኈߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆߎߣߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬. Ǐ䗮䖛⾥ᄺ䇒⿟ⱘᄺдˈⶹ䘧Ϣ਼ೈᐌ㾕џ⠽᳝݇ ⱘ⌙ᰒⱘ⾥ᄺⶹ䆚ˈᑊ㛑ᑨ⫼Ѣ᮹ᐌ⫳⌏ˈ䗤⏤‫ݏ‬៤ ⾥ᄺⱘ㸠Ўдᛃ੠⫳⌏дᛃ˗њ㾷⾥ᄺ᥶おⱘ䖛⿟੠ ᮍ⊩ˈᇱ䆩ᑨ⫼Ѣ⾥ᄺ᥶お⌏ࡼˈ䗤ℹᄺӮ⾥ᄺഄⳟ 䯂乬㧘ᛇ䯂乬˗ֱᣕ੠থሩᇍ਼ೈϪ⬠ⱘད༛ᖗϢ∖ ⶹ℆ˈᔶ៤໻㚚ᛇ䈵㧘ᇞ䞡䆕᥂㧘ᬶѢ߯ᮄⱘ⾥ᄺᗕ ᑺ੠⠅⾥ᄺ㧘⠅ᆊе㧘⠅⼪೑ⱘᚙᛳ˗҆䖥㞾✊㧘⃷ 䌣㞾✊㧘⦡⠅⫳ੑˈ⿃ᵕখϢ䌘⑤੠⦃๗ⱘֱᡸˈ݇ ᖗ⾥ᡔⱘᮄথሩǄǐ4 ‫⑼ޟ‬ቇߩ᝼ᬺߩቇ⠌ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘りߩ࿁ࠅߩ⥄ὼߩ ੐‛࡮⃻⽎ߦߟ޿ߡߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ⑼ቇ⍮⼂ࠍ⍮ࠅ㧘ߐ ࠄߦᣣᏱ↢ᵴߦ↢߆ߒ㧘⑼ቇ⊛ߥⴕേߣ↢ᵴ⠌ᘠࠍ ၭ߁‫⑼ޕ‬ቇߩត᳞ᣇᴺࠍℂ⸃ߒ㧘ߘࠇࠍ⑼ቇតⓥᵴ േߦ⹜ߺ㧘⑼ቇ⊛ߥ⷗ᣇ߿⠨߃ᣇࠍ㙃߁‫ޕ‬๟ࠅߩ਎ ⇇ߦᅢᄸᔃ߿ቇ⠌ᗧ᰼ࠍᜬߜ㧘ᄢ⢙ߦ⊒ᗐߔࠆߣߣ ߽ߦ㧘ᩮ᜚ࠍᄢಾߦߒ㧘⊒ዷ⊛ߥ⑼ቇᘒᐲࠍᒻᚑߒ ߥ߇ࠄ㧘⑼ቇ࡮᡿ㇹ࡮␲࿖ࠍᗲߔࠆᔃࠍ⢒ߡࠆ‫⥄ޕ‬ ὼߦⷫߒߺ㧘⥄ὼࠍᭉߒߺ㧘↢๮ࠍዅ㊀ߒ㧘ࠛࡀ࡞ ࠡ࡯⾗ḮߣⅣႺߩ଻⼔ᵴേߦⓍᭂ⊛ߦෳടߒ㧘⑼ቇ ᛛⴚߩ⊒ዷߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߟࠃ߁ߦߔࠆ‫ޠޕ‬ 㧔๺⸶ߪ⪺⠪ ╬ߦࠃࠆ㧕 ˎȅˎġ ඾ಎ͈ၑ‫ڠ͈֗ޗش‬ාૺ࣐͈֑̞ġ. ˎġ ಎ࣭͈‫֗ޗ‬ଷഽ͈་஗࡛͂ેġ ˎȅˍġ ಎ࣭͈ၑ‫͈֗ޗش‬࿒എġ. ਛ࿖ߢߪ㧘6 ᱦߢዊቇᩞߦ౉ߞߚᓟ㧘ዊቇᩞ 1 ᐕ ↢㧘2 ᐕ↢ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘 ‫ޟ‬㆏ᓼߣ↢ᵴ‫ޠ‬㧘 ‫ޟ‬࿖⺆‫ޠ‬㧘 ‫ޟ‬ᢙ ቇ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬૕⢒‫ޠ‬㧘‫߇ޠⴚ⧓ޟ‬ᢎ߃ࠄࠇ㧘‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ߪޠ‬ዊቇ ᩞ 3 ᐕ↢߆ࠄᆎ߹ࠅ㧘ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ዊቇᩞ 6 ᐕ↢߹ ߢ㧘ฦቇᐕǉϞ‫ݠ‬Ǌߣǉϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌߩ 2 ౠ߆ࠄߥࠆ‫ ޕ‬5 ǉ⾥ᄺϝᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 6, 7 ǉ⾥ᄺಯᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 8, 9 ǉ⾥ᄺѨᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 10, 11 ǉ⾥ᄺ݁ᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 12, 13 ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ߪޠ‬㧘Ǐ⾥ᄺǐߣ޿߁ฬ⒓ߢ ๭߫ࠇ㧘ౝኈ⊛ߦߪ㧘ᣣᧄߩዊቇᩞߩ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ߩޠ‬ౝ ኈߦ⋧ᒰߒ㧘‛ℂ࡮ൻቇ࡮↢‛࡮࿾ቇߩౝኈࠍ฽ࠎ ߢ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ㧘ᣣᧄߩਛቇᩞߩ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼‫ޟ߇ޠ‬ℂ⑼Σ‫ޠ‬ 㧔‛ℂ࡮ൻቇಽ㊁㧕ߣ‫ޟ‬ℂ⑼Τ‫ޠ‬ 㧔↢‛࡮࿾ቇಽ㊁㧕 ߦ೎ࠇࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘ਛ࿖ߢߪ㧘ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ቇᐕ ㅴⴕߣ౒ߦᢎ߃ࠄࠇࠆಽ㊁߇᳿߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ϗᑈ㑻㧦 ǉ⫳⠽ᄺϗᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 14, 15 ܿᑈ㑻㧦 ǉ⫳⠽ᄺܿᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 16, 17. ⃻࿷ߩਛ࿖㧔ᱜᑼฬ⒓㧦ਛ⪇ੱ᳃౒๺࿖㧕ߪ 1949 ᐕߦᑪ࿖ߒ㧘⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ 50 ᐕ૛ࠅࠍ㧘╙㧝-੖ࡨᐕ ⸘↹ᦼ㧔1953㨪1957㧕㧘ᄢべㅴᦼ㧔1958㨪1959㧕㧘 ⚻ᷣ⺞ᢛᦼ㧔1961㨪1963㧕㧘ᢥൻᄢ㕟๮ᦼ㧔1966 㨪1976㧕㧘྾ߟߩ⃻ઍൻᑪ⸳ᦼ㧔1970 ᐕઍᧃ㨪⃻࿷㧕 ߩ੖ߟߩᤨᦼߦಽߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ ޕ‬1 ᢎ⢒੐ᬺ߽ߘࠇߙࠇߩᤨᦼߩ᡽ᴦ࡮⚻ᷣߩ⁁ᴫߦ ઻޿ᄌൻߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ਛ࿖ߢߪ㐳޿㑆㧘⟵ോᢎ⢒೙ᐲ ߇ណࠄࠇߡߎߥ߆ߞߚ߇㧘1982 ᐕߩᙗᴺߢೋ╬⟵ ോᢎ⢒ߩታᣉ߇᣿⸥ߐࠇ㧘ᐕ㒢ࠍ೨ᦼೋ╬ቇᩞߢ޽ ࠆೋ⚖ਛቇࠍ฽߻㧥ᐕ㑆ߣቯ߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ᣣ ᧄߩዊቇᩞ㧘ਛቇᩞ⺖⒟ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘1986 ᐕߦߪ‫ޟ‬ਛ⪇ੱ᳃౒๺࿖⟵ോᢎ⢒ᴺ‫߇ޠ‬೙ቯߐࠇ㧘 ౐ᱦ౉ቇ෸߮ήఘ೙ߩේೣ߇᣿␜ߐࠇߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߩᢎ ⢒੐ᬺߩၮ⋚ߪ㧘2006 ᐕߦ৻ㇱᡷ⸓ߐࠇߚ‫ޟ‬ਛ⪇ ੱ᳃౒๺࿖⟵ോᢎ⢒ᴺ‫ߦޠ‬ଐߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ޕ‬2, 3 2 .

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(11) . ǉ⠽⧚ܿᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 18, 19 бᑈ㑻㧦 ǉ⠽⧚бᑈ㑻Ǌ 20 ǉ࣪ᄺбᑈ㑻Ϟ‫࡮ݠ‬ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ 21, 22 ߔߥࠊߜ㧘 ǉϗᑈ㑻Ǌ 㧔ᣣᧄߩਛቇ㧝ᐕ↢⋧ᒰ㧕ߣ㧘 ǉܿᑈ㑻Ǌ㧔ᣣᧄߩਛቇ㧞ᐕ↢⋧ᒰ㧕ߢߪ㧘↢‛ቇ ߇ᢎ߃ࠄࠇ㧘ߐࠄߦ㧘ǉܿᑈ㑻Ǌߢ‛ℂ߇ᢎ߃ࠄࠇ ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉбᑈ㑻Ǌ 㧔ᣣᧄߩਛቇ㧟ᐕ↢⋧ᒰ㧕ߦߥࠆߣ㧘 ‛ℂࠍ⛮⛯ߒߡቇ⠌ߔࠆߣ౒ߦ㧘ൻቇ߇ടࠊࠆ‫ޕ‬ ਛ࿖ 23 ߣᣣᧄ 24 ߩዊቇᩞℂ⑼ߩᐕ㑆᝼ᬺᤨ㑆ߪ㧘 ᰴߩ⴫ߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ႐ว㧘᝼ᬺᤨᢙߩ 1 න૏ᤨ㑆߇ 45 ಽߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘ਛ࿖ߩ႐ว㧘 ߅߅߻ߨ 1 න૏ᤨ㑆ߪ 40 ಽߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ቇᩞߦࠃߞ ߡ㆑߁႐ว߽޽ࠆߣ޿߁‫ޕ‬. ቇᐕ. ਛ࿖. ᣣᧄ. 3. 73.5㨪94.5. 70. 4. 73.5㨪94.5. 90. 5. 73.5㨪94.5. 95. 6 73.5㨪94.5 95 ⴫㧝 ਛ࿖ߣᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆዊቇᩞℂ⑼ߩᐕ㑆᝼ᬺ ᤨ㑆 ˎȅˏġ ಎ࣭͈઀‫ࢷڠ‬ၑ‫͈ش‬ౙࡓ͂ඤယġ ᰴߦ㧘ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞℂ⑼ߩනరߣߘߩౝኈߩ᭎ⷐ ࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘Ǐቇᐕǐ࡮Ǐਛ ࿖⺆ߩනరฬǐ࡮ǉਛ࿖⺆ߩዊනరฬǊ࡮ [㗁]㧦ࠠ ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼ߣ◲නߥ᭎ⷐࠍ㗅ߦ⸥ߔ‫߅ߥޕ‬㧘㧔㧕ౝ ߪ㧘නరฬߩ๺⸶ߣ⧷⸶ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬. !". ࡝ߩ૕ߩ᭴ㅧ㧘㙄㧘േ߈ᣇߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㳫⠯੠㴫㰿Ǌ㧔ࠞ࠲࠷ࡓ࡝ߣࠗ࠽ࠧ㧕 Snails and locusts [24] ࠞ࠲࠷ࡓ࡝㧘ࠗ࠽ࠧߩ૕ߩᲧセ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㱖㱕Ǌ㧔ࠕ࡝㧕 Ants [27]ࠕ࡝૕ߩ᭴ㅧߩⷰ ኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ⱘ㾖ᆳⷨおǊ㧔⑳ߩⷰኤߣ⎇ⓥ㧕 Observation and research [29] りㄭߥ႐ᚲߩ↢߈‛ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ៥Ӏ㞾Ꮕǐ㧔㧟 ⑳ߚߜ㧕 3 About ourselves [32] ǉ㾖ᆳ䑿ԧǊ 㧔૕ߩⷰኤ㧕 Observation of our body [32] ੱ㑆ߩ૕ߩ᭴ㅧ㧘ᚑ㐳㧘⢖ᵴ㊂‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ⱘ᠟Ǌ㧔⑳ߩᚻ㧕 My hands [39] ᚻߩ ᄖᒻ㧘േ߈㧘ᜰ⚉ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䖤⫼ᛳᅬǊ㧔ᗵེⷡቭߩ௛߈㧕 Work of sensing organs [44] ⋡ߩ௛߈‫ޕ‬ Ǐ∈ǐ㧔㧠᳓㧕˄4 Water˅[48] ǉϔᵃ∈ⱘ㾖ᆳǊ 㧔৻᧰ߩ᳓ߩⷰኤ㧕 Observation of a cup of water [48] ᶧ૕ߩ᭎ᔨ㧘ኈེߩਛߩ ᳓ߩⷰኤ㧘᳓㕙ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉ৘⾡৘ḋⱘ⎆ԧǊ㧔᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᶧ૕㧕 Various kinds of liquids [53] ⍾㧘ᴤߣ᳓ߩᲧセ㧘りߩ࿁ࠅߩ ᶧ૕‫ޕ‬ ǉ↨䕗∈ⱘ໮ᇥǊ 㧔᳓ߩ㊂ߩᲧセ㧕 Comparison of the amounts of water [55] ࡔࠬࠪ࡝ࡦ࠳࡯ߩ ૶޿ᣇ㧘᳓ߩ㊂ߩᲧセ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ㒌ǐ㧔㧡 ⚕㧕 5 Paper [57] ǉ㒌ⱘ㾖ᆳǊ㧔⚕ߩⷰኤ㧕 Observation of paper [57] ෘߐ㧘❫⛽⁁ᘒߩ⇣ߥࠆ⚕ߩᲧセ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ᴹ䗴ϔᓴ㒌Ǌ 㧔⚕ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 Making of a piece of paper [59] ᳓ߦࠃࠆ⚕ߩḨࠅᣇ㧘ᤄߣ੹ߩ⚕ ߩ૞ࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉϡৠ⫼䗨ⱘ㒌Ǌ㧔⦡‫↪ߥޘ‬ㅜߦ૶߁⚕㧕 Papers used for different purposes [61] ๆ᳓ᕈߩ⚕㧘 ↪ㅜߩ㆑߁⚕ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬ϔ䕚㒌䔺Ǌ㧔⚕ߢゞࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 Making of a car with paper [63] ⚕ߢゞߩ߅߽ߜ߾ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ㉇佁੠⎔㉝ǐ 㧔㧢ߏ㘵ߣ࠺ࡦࡊࡦ㧕 6 Rice and starch [65] ǉ㉇佁ⱘ㾖ᆳǊ 㧔ߏ㘵ߩⷰኤ㧕 Observation of rice [65] ☨☸㧘ߏ㘵㧘࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩᲧセ㧘࡛࠙⚛෻ᔕ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⎔㉝ⱘ䏾䗍Ǌ 㧔࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩ∥〔㧕 Trace of starch [72] ໜᶧߦࠃࠆ࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩᶖൻǄ. ˎȅˏȅˍġ Ⱥ२ා㑻ષᆒȻȪ२ා୆ષ‫ے‬ȫ6 Ǐỡ⠽ǐ㧔㧝ᬀ‛㧕 1 Plants [1] ǉ៥ⳟࠄњҔМǊ㧔⑳ߚߜߩりߩ࿁ࠅ㧕 What can be seen around us [1]㧦ᧁߩⷰኤࠍߒߡ⹤ߒว߁‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ⱘ໻ᷥǊ㧔⑳ߩᧁ㧕 Trees around us [5] ᧁߩᨑ߱ࠅ߿⪲㧘ᨐታߩᒻߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ৘⾡৘ḋⱘ৊Ǌ㧔᭽‫⪲ߥޘ‬㧕 Various kinds of leaves [8]⪲ߩᒻ㧘⦡㧘ᄢ߈ߐߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉϔ⠛ᅠᭈⱘ৊Ǌ 㧔৻ᨎߩ⪲㧕 The shape of a leaf [12]⪲ߩᒻߩ․ᓽ‫ޕ‬ Ǐࡼ⠽ǐ㧔㧞േ‛㧕 2 Animals [15] ǉᇏ䆓ᇣࡼ⠽Ǌ㧔ዊേ‛ࠍតߘ߁㧕 Looking for small animals [15] りߩ࿁ࠅߩዊേ‛ࠍតߔ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㳫⠯Ǌ㧔ࠞ࠲࠷ࡓ࡝㧕 Snails [18] ࠞ࠲࠷ࡓ 3 .

(12) . . . ˎȅˏȅˎġ Ⱥ२ා㑻‫ئ‬ᆒȻȪ२ා୆‫ےئ‬ȫ. . . . . ᐕ⨲‫৻߇ࠞࡦ࠮࠙ࡎޕ‬ᐕ⨲ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ Ǐࡼ⠽ⱘ⫳ੑ਼ᳳǐ㧔㧠 േ‛ߩ↢๮๟ᦼ㧕˄4 Life cycle of animals˅[33] ǉ䖢᥹㱩ᅱᅱⱘ䆲⫳Ǌ㧔ࠞࠗࠦߩ⺀↢㧕˄The birth of silkworms˅ [34] : Ⰼߩෆߣ߶߆ߩേ‛ߩෆߩ ⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ෆ߆ࠄࠞࠗࠦߩ⺀↢‫ޕ‬ ǉৃ⠅ⱘ㱩ᅱᅱǊ 㧔߆ࠊ޿޿Ⰼ㧕 ˄Lovely silkworms㧕 [37] : Ⰼߩ૕ߩߟߊࠅ㧘⣕⊹㧘ࠞࠗࠦߩᚑ㐳‫ޕ‬ ǉ㱩ᅱᅱবњᮄ῵ḋǊ㧔߹ࠁ߳ߩᄌൻ㧕˄Change to a cocoon˅ [40] :߹ࠁߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㱩ⱘ⫳ੑ਼ᳳǊ㧔ࠞࠗࠦߩ৻↢㧕˄A life of silkworms˅ [42] :ෆ㧘ᐜ⯻㧘ⱇ㧘ᚑ⯻ⱌߩ૕ ߩ૞ࠅ‫ޕ↢৻ߩࠦࠗࠞޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [44] :ࠞ ࠗࠦߩ㘩‛‫ޕ‬ Ǐ≝੠⍂ǐ㧔㧡ᶋ߈ᴉߺ㧕˄5 Floating and sinking˅[45] ǉ⠽ԧ೼∈Ёᰃ≝䖬ᰃ⍂Ǌ㧔᳓ਛߢᶋߊ߽ߩߣᴉ߻ ߽ߩ㧕˄Floating materials and sinking materials in water˅ [46] : ᶋߊ߽ߩߣᴉ߻߽ߩߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ᶋ ߈ᴉߺߣᄢ߈ߐ࡮㊀ߐߩ㑐ଥ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬍব⠽ԧ೼∈Ёⱘ≝⍂Ǌ㧔‛૕ߩᶋ߈ᴉߺࠍᄌ߃ ࠆ㧕 ˄Control of floating and sinking nature˅[49] : ẜ᳓⦘ߩ઀⚵ߺ‫ߩ↉ࠬ࡜ࠟޕ‬ᶋ߈ᴉߺࠍᄌ߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ⓨ ߈➧ߢẜ᳓⦘ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ偀䪗㮃೼∈Ёᰃ≝䖬ᰃ⍂Ǌ㧔ࠫࡖࠟࠗࡕ߇᳓ߦᶋ ߊ߆ᴉ߻߆㧕˄Does a potato float or sink in water?˅ [52] : ᶋജߣᲧ㊀ߩ᭎ᔨ‫⌀ޕ‬᳓ߣႮ᳓ ߦࠫࡖࠟࠗࡕࠍߟߌߡⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䗴ϔ㠬ᇣ㠍Ǌ㧔⦁ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕˄Making of a small boat˅ [55] :⦡‫᧚ߥޘ‬ᢱߢ⦁ߩ߅߽ߜ߾ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ 㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [58] :ෆ ߣႮ᳓ࠍ↪޿ߚࡑࠫ࠶ࠢ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ‫ދ‬Ϣ⛁ǐ㧔㧢 ಄ߚ޿ߣᾲ޿㧕˄6 Cold and hot˅[59] ǉ‫∈ދ‬Ϣ⛁∈Ǌ 㧔಄᳓ߣᾲ᳓㧕 ˄Cold water and hot water˅ [60] : ᳓ߩᾲ⤘ᒛ㧘Ყ㊀ߩ᷷ᐲᄌൻ‫ޕ‬಄ ᳓ߣ᷷᳓ਛߩᶋ߈ᴉߺ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⛁㚔‫ދ‬㓽Ǌ㧔᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆ૕Ⓧᄌൻ㧕˄Volume change by temperature˅[63] :᳓㧘ⓨ᳇㧘㊄ዻߩ ૕Ⓧߩ᷷ᐲᄌൻ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⏽ᑺ੠⏽ᑺ䅵Ǌ㧔᷷ᐲߣ᷷ᐲ⸘㧕˄Temperature and thermometer˅ [67] : ⦡‫ߥޘ‬᷷ᐲ⸘ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ៨᳁᷷ᐲ⸘ߩ૶޿ᣇǄ. 7. Ǐ⏋ড়ǐ㧔㧝 ᷙว㧕˄1 Mixture˅ [1] ǉ⏋ড়䑿䖍ⱘ⠽䋼 ϔ

(13) Ǌ 㧔りㄭߥ‛⾰ࠍᷙวߔࠆ㧕 ˄Mixing of familiar substances -1˅[2]ᴤߣ᳓‫ޕ‬ ⍾ߣ⼺ߩᷙว㧘߰ࠆ޿ࠍ↪޿ߚಽ㔌‫ޕ‬ ǉ⏋ড়䑿䖍ⱘ⠽䋼 Ѡ

(14) Ǌ 㧔りㄭߥ‛⾰ࠍᷙวߔࠆ㧕 ˄Mixing of familiar substances -2˅ [4] ㊀ᦡߣ 㘩㈶ࠍᷙวߔࠆߣੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛߇⊒↢ߔࠆߎߣ‫ࡀࡒޕ‬ ࡜࡞࠙ࠜ࡯࠲࡯ߣ⍹Ἧ᳓ࠍᷙวߔࠆߣỘࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉߚ⾏⏋ড়⠽Ǌ㧔ᷙว‛ߩಽ㔌㧕˄Separation of mixture˅ [6] : ࠙࡞࠴☨ߣዊ㤈☳ࠍᷙߗߚ߽ߩࠍ ᝄࠅಽߌࠆ‫ᧁޕ‬ድߣ㋕㊉ࠍಽ㔌ߔࠆ‫ߩ⚕ޕ‬਄ߢࠗࡦ ࠢ߇᳓ߦࠃߞߡಽ㔌ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉⷨおೳຸǊ㧔࿯ფߩ⎇ⓥ㧕˄Study of soil˅ [8] : ࿯ߩಽ㔌‫߿޿ࠆ߰ޕ‬᳓ࠍ↪޿ߡ࿯߇ᷙว‛ߢ޽ࠆߎ ߣࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐぎ⇨ǐ㧔㧞 ⓨ᳇㧕˄2 Air˅[11] ǉњ㾷ぎ⇨Ǌ 㧔ⓨ᳇ࠍ⷗ߟߌࠆ㧕 Recognition of air [12] ⴼ߿↉ߦⓨ᳇ࠍ㐽ߓㄟ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿕૕㧘ᶧ૕㧘 ᳇૕߇޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㹿य़㓽ⱘぎ⇨Ǌ 㧔࿶❗ߐࠇߚⓨ᳇㧕 Compressed air [16]ࡏ࡯࡞߿ᵈ኿ེߩਛߦⓨ᳇ࠍ࿶❗ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⌕ࡼⱘぎ⇨Ǌ㧔ᵹࠇߡ޿ࠆⓨ᳇㧕 Flowing air [17]✢㚅ߩᾍ㧘ᚸ㘑ᯏ‫ޕ‬ⓨ᳇߇േߊߣ㘑ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉぎ⇨੠៥Ӏⱘ⫳⌏Ǌ㧔ⓨ᳇ߣ⑳ߚߜߩ↢ᵴ㧕 Air and our life [19]๭ๆߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬㕒ᱛᤨߣㆇേ ᓟߩ๭ๆᢙߩᄌൻ‫ߣ‛߈↢ޕ‬ⓨ᳇ߩ㑐ଥ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [22] ࿾ ⃿ߩᄢ᳇ߩ⚵ᚑ㧘ᄢ᳇ጀߩෘߐ㧘ࠝ࠱ࡦጀߦࠃࠆ⚡ ᄖ✢ߩๆ෼‫ޕ‬ Ǐỡ⠽ⱘϔ⫳ǐ㧔㧟 ᬀ‛ߩ৻↢㧕˄3 A life of plant˅[23] ǉ⾡ᄤব៤㢑Ǌ 㧔⒳ሶ߆ࠄߩ⊒⧘㧕 ˄Shoot of seeds˅ [24] :ࡎ࠙࠮ࡦࠞߥߤ㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬⒳ሶࠍ࿯ߦᬀ߃ߡ⊒ ⧘ࠍⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㢑䭓៤㢫Ǌ㧔⧘߇⧣ߦ㧕˄Growth of seedling˅ [27] : ࡎ࠙࠮ࡦࠞ߆ࠄ⊒⧘ߒߚ⧘ߩᚑ㐳ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉᓔ㢅њ㒧ᵰњǊ㧔⧎߇ດߊ㧘ᨐታ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧕 ˄Flowers and fruits˅ [28] :ࡎ࠙࠮ࡦࠞߩ⭫㧘⧎㧘 ᨐታߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉᵰᅲ੠⾡ᄤǊ㧔ᨐታߣ⒳ሶ㧕˄Fruits and seeds˅ [29] :⧎㧘ᨐታ㧘⒳ሶ㧘ᩮ㧘⨍㧘⪲ࡎ࠙࠮ࡦࠞߩ ᨐታߣ⒳ሶ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [32] :৻ 4 .

(15)

(16)

(17) . ǉ⌟䞣⠽ԧⱘ⏽ᑺǊ㧔‛૕ߩ᷷ᐲࠍ᷹ࠆ㧕 ˄Measurement of the temperature of materials˅ [70] : ᣣߥߚߣᣣᓇߩ᷷ᐲ㧘᷷ᐲၮḰߣߥࠆ‛⾰‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [72] :૕ ᷷⸘‫ੱޕ‬㑆ߩ૕᷷⸘ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ˎȅˏȅˏġ Ⱥঅා㑻ષᆒȻȪঅා୆ષ‫ے‬ȫ. !". ǉ⇨⏽ⱘব࣪Ǌ㧔᳇᷷ߩᄌൻ㧕˄Change of air temperature˅ [35] : ᳇᷷߇ᤨ㑆߿ቄ▵ߦࠃߞߡ ㆑߁ߎߣࠍ⏕߆߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㧔ᄤ᳇ߦߟ޿ߡ㧕 ˄About weather˅ ǉ៥Ӏ݇ᖗ໽⇨Ǌ [37] : ↢߈‛߇ᄤ᳇ߩᄌൻࠍ੍ᗐߢ߈ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬᳇ ⽎ⴡᤊࠍ↪޿ߚᄤ᳇੍ႎ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [42] :᳇ ⽎บߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦߒߡᄤ᳇੍ႎߔࠆߩ߆‫ޕ‬ Ǐ⺕䪕ǐ㧔㧠 ⏛⍹㧕˄4 Magnet˅[43] ǉ⺕䪕ⱘ⺕ᗻǊ㧔⏛⍹ߩ⏛ᕈ㧕˄Magnetism of magnet˅ [44] : ⏛⍹ߦᒁ߈ነߖࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩ‫⏛ޕ‬ ⍹ߩฦㇱಽߩ⏛ᕈߩᒝߐ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⺕䪕ⱘϸᵕǊ㧔⏛⍹ߩਔᭂ㧕˄Two poles of a magnet˅ [46] :⏛⍹ߩਔᭂ㧘ධᭂ㧔5㧕㧘ർᭂ㧔0㧕 ‫ޕ‬ ⏛⍹ࠍ↪޿ߚ߅߽ߜ߾૞ࠅ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬ϔϾᇣ⺕䪕Ǌ 㧔⏛⍹ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of a small magnet˅ [48] : ዊߐߥ㊉ࠍ⏛⍹ߦߔࠆ㧔⏛ൻ㧕‫ޕ‬ ⏛ൻߐࠇߚ㊉ߩᕈ⾰‫ޕ‬ ǉᣛफ䩜Ǌ 㧔ᣇ૏⏛㊎㧕 ˄Magnetic compass˅ [50] : ᣇ૏⏛㊎ߩ૞ࠅᣇߣ૶޿ᣇ‫ޕ‬ᣇ૏⏛㊎ࠍ↪޿ߡ⏛⍹ ࠍតߔ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [52] :࿾ ⏛᳇ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬. 8. Ǐ᳝⫳ੑⱘ⠽ԧǐ㧔㧝 ↢߈‛㧕˄1 Living things˅[1] ǉࡼ⠽ᗢḋ⫳⌏Ǌ㧔േ‛ߩ↢ᵴ㧕˄A life of animal˅ [2] : ₀㧘㡀㧘੉㧘࠻ࡦࡏ㧘ⰶ㧘㊄㝼ߩ↢ᵴࠍⷰኤ ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᔶᔶ㡆㡆ⱘࡼ⠽Ǌ㧔⦡‫ߥޘ‬േ‛㧕˄Various kinds of animals˅ [4] : ₀㧘㡀㧘੉㧘࠻ࡦࡏ㧘ⰶ㧘㊄㝼ߦૃߚേ‛ࠍតߔ‫ޕ‬ ǉỡ⠽ᗢḋ⫳ᄬǊ 㧔ᬀ‛ߩᚑ㐳㧕 ˄Growth of plants˅ [6] : ᬀ‛ߪᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߣⓨ᳇ਛߩੑ㉄ൻ὇ ⚛ߣ᳓ࠍ೑↪ߒߡᚑ㐳ߒ㧘㉄⚛ࠍ಴ߔ‫ޕ‬శวᚑ‫ޕ‬ ǉỡ⠽ⱘḍ੠㣢Ǌ㧔ᬀ‛ߩᩮߣ⨍㧕˄Root and stem of plants˅ [8] : ᬀ‛ߩᩮߣ⨍ߩ௛߈ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᔶᔶ㡆㡆ⱘỡ⠽Ǌ㧔⦡‫ߥޘ‬ᬀ‛㧕˄Various kinds of plants˅[10] : ⦡‫ߥޘ‬ᬀ‛ߩ౒ㅢὐࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉࡼ⠽੠ỡ⠽Ǌ 㧔േ‛ߣᬀ‛㧕 ˄Animals and plants˅ [12] :േ‛ߩ౒ㅢὐ㧘ᬀ‛ߩ౒ㅢὐࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [14] :߈ ߩߎ߿⮺ߪ⨍߿⪲ࠍᜬߚߥ޿߇㧘↢‛ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ‫ދ‬Ϣ⛁ǐ 㧔 ಄ߚ޿ߣᾲ޿㧕 ˄2 Cold and hot˅ [15]Ǆ ǉ‫∈ދ‬Ϣ⛁∈Ǌ 㧔಄᳓ߣᾲ᳓㧕 ˄Cold water and hot water˅ [16]㧦 ǉ⛁㚔‫ދ‬㓽Ǌ㧔᷷ᐲߦࠃࠆ૕Ⓧᄌൻ㧕˄Volume change by temperature˅ [19]㧦 ǉ⏽ᑺ੠⏽ᑺ䅵Ǌ㧔᷷ᐲߣ᷷ᐲ⸘㧕˄Temperature and thermometer˅ [23]㧦 ǉ⌟䞣⠽ԧⱘ⏽ᑺǊ㧔‛૕ߩ᷷ᐲࠍ᷹ࠆ㧕 ˄Measurement of the temperature of materials˅ [26]㧦 ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [28]㧦㧔Ǐϝᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ‫ދ‬Ϣ⛁ǐߣหߓౝኈ㧕 Ǐ໽⇨ǐ㧔㧟 ᄤ᳇㧕˄3 Weather˅[29] ǉѥ੠䲼Ǌ㧔㔕ߣ㔎㧕˄Clouds and rain˅ [30] : 㔕ߩഀว‫ޕ‬㔎㊂ེࠍ↪޿ߡ㔎㊂╬⚖ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ亢ⱘ㾖⌟Ǌ㧔㘑ߩ᷹ⷰ㧕˄Observation of wind˅ [32] : 㘑ะ⸘㧘ᣇะ㧘㘑ߩᒝߐ㧘㘑ജ㓏⚖㧔 Ბ 㓏㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬. Ǐໄ䷇ǐ㧔㧡㖸㧕˄5 Sound˅[53] ǉ਀਀ໄ䷇Ǌ 㧔⦡‫ߥޘ‬㖸㧕 ˄Various kinds of sounds˅ [54] : りߩ࿁ࠅߩ㖸ࠍ⡞ߊ‫ޕ‬࿕૕㧘ᶧ૕㧘᳇૕ߩ ಴ߔ㖸‫ޕ‬ ǉໄ䷇ᰃᗢḋѻ⫳ⱘǊ 㧔㖸ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦ↢ߓࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄Generation of sound˅ [57] : 㖸ࠍ಴ߔ‛૕㧔ᄥ 㥏㧘㌃㐬㧘㖸෷ߥߤ㧕ߩᝄേߩ᭽ሶࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉໄ䷇ᰃᗢḋӴ᪁ⱘǊ㧔㖸ߩવࠊࠅ߆ߚ㧕 ˄Propagation of sound˅ [60] : ⓨ᳇㧘᳓㧘㋕ਛ ߩ㖸ߩવࠊࠅᣇ‫⌀ޕ‬ⓨਛߢߪ㖸߇વࠊࠄߥ޿ߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ᥻ࠊ⠽ԧথߎⱘໄ䷇Ǌ 㧔‛૕ߩ಴ߔ㖸ࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆ㧕 ˄Control of sound from materials˅[62] : ‛૕ ߩ಴ߔ㖸ߩᄢ߈ߐࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉࠊ԰៥ӀⱘᇣФ఼Ǌ㧔⑳ߚߜߩᭉེࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of our musical instruments˅[64] : り ߩ࿁ࠅߩ߽ߩࠍ೑↪ߒߚᭉེ૞ࠅ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䯙䇏ϢᢧሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕 Development [66] :⿥ 㖸ᵄߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ˎȅˏȅːġ Ⱥঅා㑻‫ئ‬ᆒȻȪঅා୆‫ےئ‬ȫ. 9. Ǐ⬉ǐ㧔㧝㔚᳇㧕˄1 Electricity˅[1] 5. .

(18) . . . . . ǉ⬉੠៥Ӏⱘ⫳⌏Ǌ㧔㔚᳇ߣ⑳ߚߜߩ↢ᵴ㧕 ˄Electricity and our life˅ [2] :りߩ࿁ࠅߩ㔚᳇‫ޕ‬ ǉ⚍҂៥ⱘᇣ♃⊵Ǌ㧔⼺㔚⃿ࠍశࠄߖࠆ㧕˄Letting a small bulb light˅ [4] : 㔚✢ߣ㔚ᳰࠍ૶ߞߡ⼺㔚⃿ࠍశࠄߖࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䅽᳈໮ⱘ♃⊵҂䍋ᴹǊ 㧔ᄙߊߩ⼺㔚⃿ࠍశࠄߖࠆ㧕 ˄Letting many bulbs light˅[6] : 㔚ᳰࡏ࠶ࠢࠬ ߣ࠰ࠤ࠶࠻ࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘⼺㔚⃿ࠍశࠄߖࠆ㔚᳇࿁〝ࠍ ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⬉䏃ߎᬙ䱰њǊ 㧔㔚᳇࿁〝߇᡿㓚ߒߚ㧕 ˄Disorder of an electric circuit˅ [8] : ⼺㔚⃿߇ߟ߆ߥ޿ᤨ㧘 ߘߩේ࿃ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᇐԧϢ㒱㓬ԧǊ 㧔ዉ૕ߣਇዉ૕㧕 ˄Conductor and insulator˅ [10] : 㔚᳇࿁〝ᬌᩏེࠍ૶ߞߡ㧘ዉ૕㧘 ਇዉ૕ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ᴹ‫خ‬Ͼᇣᓔ݇Ǌ㧔ࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕˄Making of a switch˅ [12] : ᙬਛ㔚Ἦߩ᭴ㅧࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫࡝ࠢޕ‬ ࠶ࡊߢࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䞠䴶ᰃᗢḋ䖲᥹ⱘǊ㧔ⵣ஥ߢߤߩࠃ߁ߦ❬߇ߞߡ ޿ࠆߩ߆㧕˄How connected on the back side˅ [14] :ⵣ஥ߢ㈩✢ߢ߈ࠆౕེࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ⵣ஥ߩ㈩ ✢ߩ᭽ሶࠍ੍ᗐߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥Ӏ䗝ᢽњҔМǊ㧔㔚ᳰߣ⼺㔚⃿ߩߟߥ߉ᣇ㧕 ˄Connection of cells and bulb˅[16] : ਗ೉ߟߥ ߉ߣ⋥೉ߟߥ߉‫ޕ‬ Ǐᮄⱘ⫳ੑǐ㧔㧞 ᣂߒ޿↢๮㧕˄2 New life˅ [19] ǉ⊍㦰㢅ᓔњǊ 㧔ࠕࡉ࡜࠽ߩ㐿⧎㧕 ˄Bloom of rape˅ [20] : ࠕࡉ࡜࠽ߩ⧎ߩ᭴ㅧ㧔߇ߊ㧘⧎߮ࠄ㧘߅ߒ ߴ㧘߼ߒߴ㧕ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ৘⾡৘ḋⱘ㢅Ǌ㧔⦡‫⧎ߥޘ‬㧕˄Various kinds of flowers˅ [24] : ⧎߮ࠄߩᄢ߈ߐ㧘ᢙ㧘⦡㧘㓶⧎㧘㓽⧎ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㢅ǃᵰᅲ੠⾡ᄤǊ㧔⧎㧘ᨐታߣ⒳ሶ㧕˄Flowers, fruits and seeds˅ [26] : ⧎ߩ㓶⧎ߣ㓽⧎ߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ࠕࡉ࡜࠽ߩᨐታߣ⒳ሶߩⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䈠䈚㤮䞠ⱘ䈠䈚Ǌ 㧔ࠛࡦ࠼࠙ߩࠨࡗߩਛ㧕 ˄Inside of a sheath of pea˅ [28] :ࠕࡉ࡜࠽ߣࠛࡦ࠼࠙ߩ ⧎㧘ᨐታ㧘⒳ሶࠍᲧセߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᡞ⾡ᄤᬷ᪁ࠄ䖰໘Ǌ 㧔⒳ሶߩᢔࠄ߫ࠅᣇ㧕 ˄Spread of seeds˅ [30] :ࠕࡉ࡜࠽㧘ᩙ㧘࠲ࡦࡐࡐߩ⒳ሶߩ ᢔࠄ߫ࠅᣇࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㧠থⱘ⾡ᄤǊ㧔⒳ሶߩ⊒⧘㧕˄Shoot of seeds˅ [32] : ࠰࡜ࡑࡔߩ⊒⧘ߔࠆᤨߩๆ᳓㊂ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ሶ⪲ߩᄌൻࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉࡼ⠽ⱘॉǊ㧔േ‛ߩෆ㧕˄Egg of animal˅ [34] : 6 . . . േ‛ߩ❥ᱺᵴേࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫♖ޕ‬ሶ㧘ෆ㧘ฃ♖‫ޕ‬േ‛ߩ ෆߩ᭴ㅧ㧔Ზ㧘ෆ㤛㧘ෆ⊕㧘⢦㧕ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ亳⠽ǐ㧔㧟㘩‛㧕˄3 Food˅[37] ǉϔ໽ⱘ亳⠽Ǌ 㧔৻ᣣߩ㘩‛㧕 ˄Food of a day˅[38] : ৻ᣣߦ㘩ߴࠆ㘩‛ࠍ⸥㍳ߔࠆ‫⛎ޕ‬㘩ࠍಽ㘃ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥Ӏⱘ䑿ԧҢ亳⠽Ё㦋ᕫҔМǊ㧔⑳ߚߜߩ૕ߪ㘩 ‛߆ࠄ૗ࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆߩ߆㧕˄What do we get from food?˅ [40] :㘩‛ਛߩᩕ㙃ᚑಽ㧘♧㘃㧘⢽⢌㧘❫ ⛽⾰㧘ࡒࡀ࡜࡞ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉৗҔМ੠䖬ৗҔМǊ㧔૗ࠍ㘩ߴࠆ߆㧕˄What do we eat?˅ [42] :㘩ߴ‛ߩᩕ㙃ࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⫳ⱘ亳⠽੠❳ⱘ亳⠽Ǌ 㧔↢ߩ㘩‛ߣടᾲߒߚ㘩‛㧕 ˄Raw food and heated food˅[44] : ടᾲߦࠃࠆ ࠫࡖࠟࠗࡕߣ₹ߨ߉ߩᄌൻǄ ǉ䴶ࣙথ䳝њǊ 㧔ࡄࡦߦࠞࡆ߇↢߃ߚ㧕 ˄Mold grown on bread˅ [46] :ࡄࡦߦ↢߃ߚࠞࡆߩⷰኤ‫ࡆࠞޕ‬ ߇↢߃߿ߔ޿᧦ઙ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫ޣ‬᜶亳⠽ব䋼ⱘ䗳ᑺǊ 㧔㘩‛ߩᄌ⾰ㅦᐲࠍᷫࠄߔ㧕 ˄Reducing of the deterioration speed of food˅ [48] : 㘩‛ߩ଻ሽᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ亳⠽ࣙ㺙ϞⱘֵᙃǊ㧔㘩‛ߩ൮ⵝࡃ࠶ࠢߦᦠ߆ࠇ ߚᖱႎ㧕˄Information written on the label of packaged food˅ [50] :㘩‛ߩ൮ⵝࡃ࠶ࠢߦᦠ߆ࠇ ߚᖱႎࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㘩ຠߩᚑಽࠍ⺞ᩏߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐች⷇੠ⷓ⠽ǐ 㧔㧠 ጤ⍹ߣ㋶‛㧕 ˄4 Rocks and minerals˅[53] ǉ৘⾡৘ḋⱘች⷇Ǌ㧔⦡‫ߥޘ‬ጤ⍹㧕˄Various kinds of rocks˅ [54] :⦡‫ߥޘ‬ጤ⍹ࠍ㓸߼ߡዷⷩળࠍ㐿ߊ‫ޕ‬ ጤ⍹ࠍಽ㘃ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䖯ϔℹ㾖ᆳች⷇Ǌ㧔߽ߞߣࠃߊጤ⍹ࠍⷰኤߔࠆ㧕 ˄Observation of rocks˅ [56] : ㊀ᦡṁᶧߣ㘩㈶ ࠍ↪޿ߡᮨᡆἫጊྃἫታ㛎ࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬Ἣጊጤ㧔₵ᱞጤ㧘シ⍹㧕ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉች⷇ⱘ㒘៤Ǌ㧔ጤ⍹ߩ⚵ᚑ㧕˄Composition of rocks˅ [60] : ⯻⌒㏜ࠍ૶ߞߡ㧘⧎ፘጤ㧘⍹⧷㧘㐳⍹㧘㔕Უߩᮡᧄࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᗢḋ㾖ᆳǃᦣ䗄ⷓ⠽Ǌ㧔ߤߩࠃ߁ߦⷰኤߒ㧘߹ߣ ߼ࠆ߆㧕˄Observation and description of minerals˅ [62] :㋶‛ߩశᴛߣ⎬ᐲߣ᧦∥ࠍⷰኤ ߒ㧘ጤ⍹㋶‛ᮡᧄࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉች⷇Ӯᬍব῵ḋ৫Ǌ㧔ጤ⍹ߪᄌൻߔࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄Change of rocks˅ [66] :ᾲ⊛૞↪㧘㘑ൻ૞↪㧘 ᬀ‛ߩᩮߦࠃࠆ૞↪ߥߤ㧘ጤ⍹ࠍᄌൻߐߖࠆේ࿃ࠍ ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉች⷇ǃⷓ⠽੠៥ӀǊ 㧔ጤ⍹㧘㋶‛ߣ⑳ߚߜ㧕 ˄Rocks,.

(19)

(20)

(21) . ǉ‫ⱘܝ‬ডᇘǊ 㧔శߩ෻኿㧕 ˄Reflection of light˅ [30] : శߩ෻኿ࠍᙬਛ㔚Ἦࠍ↪޿ߡⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ẜ᳓⦘ߩẜ ᦸ㏜ߩේℂ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫ܝ‬Ϣ⛁Ǌ㧔శߣᾲ㧕˄Light and heat˅ [33] :శ ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߇ᾲࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߦᄌࠊࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉᗢḋᕫࠄ᳈໮ⱘ‫ܝ‬੠⛁Ǌ㧔ߤ߁ߔࠇ߫㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊ ߩశߣᾲࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆ߆㧕˄How to get more light and heat˅ [36] : ᄥ㓁శߩ౉኿ⷺߣ᷷ᐲᄌൻߩ㑐 ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬Ͼ໾䰇㛑⛁∈఼Ǌ 㧔ᄥ㓁ᾲ᳓ེࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of a water heater using solar energy˅ [39] :りㄭ ߥ᧚ᢱࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘◲ᤃߥᄥ㓁ᾲ᳓ེࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䆘Ӌ៥Ӏⱘ໾䰇㛑⛁∈఼Ǌ㧔૞ࠄࠇߚᄥ㓁ᾲ᳓ེ ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ㧕˄Evaluation of our solar heater˅ [41] :⥄ಽߚߜߩᄥ㓁ᾲ᳓ེࠍ૶ߞߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉথሩǊ㧔⊒ዷ㧕˄Development˅ [43] : శߩ৾ ⦡㧘นⷞశ✢એᄖߩశ㧔⿒ᄖ✢㧘⚡ᄖ✢㧘ά✢㧘ǫ ✢㧘㔚ᵄߥߤ㧕‫ޕ‬ Ǐഄ⧗㸼䴶ঞ݊ব࣪ǐ㧔㧟 ࿾⃿ߩ⴫㕙ߣߘߩᄌ ൻ㧕˄3 Surface of the earth and its change˅[ ] ǉഄ⧗㸼䴶ⱘഄᔶǊ 㧔࿾⃿⴫㕙ߩ࿾ᒻ㧕 ˄Topography of the earth surface˅ [46] : ࿾ᒻ࿑ߥߤ߆ࠄ࿾ᒻ ߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒว߁‫ޕ‬ ǉഄ⧗‫ݙ‬䚼䖤ࡼᓩ䍋ⱘഄᔶব࣪Ǌ㧔࿾⃿ߩౝㇱㆇേ ߦࠃࠆ࿾ᒻᄌൻ㧕˄Change of landform caused by internal movement of the earth˅ [48] : Ἣጊ߿ ࿾㔡ߥߤ࿾⃿ߩౝㇱㆇേ߇ᒁ߈⿠ߎߔ࿾ᒻᄌൻ‫ޕ‬ ǉമ⹀ⱘች⷇Ӯᬍব῵ḋ৫Ǌ㧔㗎ਂߥጤ⍹ߢ߽ᄌൻ ߔࠆߩ߆㧕˄Does even strong rock change its form?˅ [50] :㘑ൻߥߤ㧘ጤ⍹ߩᄌൻߩේ࿃㧘ᄌൻ ߩ᭽ሶࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉೳຸЁ᳝ҔМǊ 㧔࿯ფߩᚑಽ㧕 ˄Component of soil˅ [52] : ࿯ფߩᚑಽߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴ㧘࿯ფߣ↢߈‛ߩ 㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䲼∈ᇍೳഄⱘ։㱔Ǌ㧔㔎᳓ߦࠃࠆ࿯࿾ߩଚ㘩㧕 ˄Erosion of land by rain water˅ [55] : ࿯ߣ᳓ ࠍ↪޿ߚታ㛎߆ࠄ㔎߇࿯࿾ߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉҔМḋⱘೳഄᆍᯧ㹿։㱔Ǌ㧔ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ࿯࿾߇ଚ 㘩ߐࠇ߿ߔ޿ߩ߆㧕˄What sort of land is easily eroded?˅ [58] :ଚ㘩ታ㛎ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘ߤߩࠃ߁ߥ࿯ ࿾߇ଚ㘩ߐࠇ߿ߔ޿߆⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⊇⌕ᇍೳഄⱘ԰⫼Ǌ㧔ᴡᎹߩ࿯࿾ߦኻߔࠆ௛߈㧕 ˄Influence of river on land˅[60] :ታ㛎ࠍㅢߒߡ㧘 ᴡᎹߩᄢ߈ߐ㧘ᐢߐ㧘ᷓߐߥߤ߇࿯࿾ߦਈ߃ࠆଚ㘩 ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫ޣ‬ᇥᇍೳഄⱘ։㱔Ǌ㧔࿯࿾ߩଚ㘩ࠍ㒐ߋ㧕˄How. minerals and us˅ [68] :ጤ⍹㧘㋶‛ߣ⑳ߚߜߩ↢ ᵴࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ˎȅˏȅˑġ Ⱥࡼා㑻ષᆒȻȪࡼා୆ષ‫ے‬ȫ. !". 10. Ǐ⫳⠽Ϣ⦃๗ǐ㧔㧝 ↢߈‛ߣⅣႺ㧕˄1 Living things and environment˅[1] ǉ⾡ᄤথ㢑ᅲ偠 ϔ

(22) Ǌ㧔⒳ሶߩ⊒⧘ታ㛎㧔৻㧕㧕 ˄Germination experiment of seed -1㧕 [2] :⒳ሶ ߩ⊒⧘ߩ㧟᧦ઙ㧔శ㧘᷷ᐲ㧘᳓㧕ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⾡ᄤথ㢑ᅲ偠 Ѡ

(23) Ǌ㧔⒳ሶߩ⊒⧘ታ㛎㧔࠾㧕㧕 ˄Germination experiment of seed -2˅[5] :⒳ ሶߩ⊒⧘ታ㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ߹ߣ߼ߡ⸛⼏ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㾖ᆳ㓓䈚㢑ⱘ⫳䭓Ǌ㧔ࡕࡗࠪߩᚑ㐳ߩⷰኤ㧕 ˄Observation of the growth of bean sprouts˅[7] : శ߇ߥߊߡ߽㧘⊒⧘ߔࠆ߇㧘⧘ߩᚑ㐳ߦߪశ߇ᔅⷐ ߥߎߣ‫ߩ⧘ޕ‬ᚑ㐳ߦኻߔࠆ᳓ߩᓎഀ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㲃㱧ⱘ䗝ᢽǊ㧔ࡒࡒ࠭ߪ૗ࠍᅢ߻߆㧕˄Selection of earthworms˅ [9] : ᣿ࠆ޿ᚲߣᥧ޿ᚲ㧘ੇ῎ ߒߚᚲߣḨߞߚᚲߩߤߜࠄࠍࡒࡒ࠭߇ᅢ߻߆‫ޕ‬ ǉ亳⠽䫒੠亳⠽㔥Ǌ㧔㘩‛ㅪ㎮ߣ㘩‛✂㧕˄Food chain and food network˅ [12] : ↢‛ߩ㑆ߩ㘩‛ ㅪ㎮㧘㘩‛✂ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬ϔϾ⫳ᗕ⫊Ǌ㧔৻୘ߩ↢ᘒ↉ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕˄Making of a bottle of an ecosystem˅ [14] : ↢‛ߣ㕖↢‛ ߪ⋧੕ଐሽߒߡ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ߩ࡞࠻ࡏ࠻࠶ࡍޕ‬ਛߦ ৻ߟߩ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ૞ߞߡⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬍব⫳ᗕ⫊Ǌ㧔↢ᘒ↉ߩ᧦ઙࠍᄌ߃ࠆ㧕˄Change of the condition of the ecosystem˅ [17] :ࡍ࠶࠻ ࡏ࠻࡞ߩ᳓ߩ㊂ࠍᷫࠄߒߚࠅ㧘↢‛ߩᢙࠍჇ߿ߒߚ ߣ߈ߩᄌൻࠍ⷗ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㓈ᡸ⫳ᗕᑇ㸵Ǌ㧔↢ᘒ♽ߩࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠍ଻ߟ㧕 ˄Maintaining of the balance of the ecosystem˅ [19] :㣔㧘఻㧘⨲߆ࠄߥࠆ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ଀ߦ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ ߩᢙ߇ᄌൻߒߚߣ߈ߩ᭽ሶࠍ⠨߃ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䌘᭭ᑧǊ㧔⾗ᢱᐶ㧕˄Data warehouse˅ [21] :㘩 ‛ㅪ㎮ߣ㘩‛✂㧘⥄ὼ଻⼔඙‫ޕ‬ Ǐ‫ܝ‬ǐ㧔㧞 శ㧕˄2 Light˅[23] ǉ‫ܝ‬੠ᕅǊ 㧔శߣᓇ㧕 ˄Sunlight and shadow˅ [24] : ⥄ࠄ⊒శߔࠆ‛૕߇శḮ‫ޕ‬ᓇߩߢ߈ᣇࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䰇‫ܝ‬ϟⱘᕅᄤǊ㧔ᄥ㓁ߩਅߩᓇ㧕˄Shadow under the sun˅ [26] : ᣣߩ಴߆ࠄᣣߩ౉ࠅ߹ߢᄥ㓁ߩ േ߈ߣ‛૕ߩᓇࠍⷰኤ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫ܝ‬ᰃᗢḋӴ᪁ⱘǊ㧔శߩવࠊࠅᣇ㧕˄Traveling of light˅ [28] : శ߇⋥ㅴߔࠆߎߣࠍ㧘ᙬਛ㔚Ἦࠍ↪ ޿ߡⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ 7 .

(24) . . . . . . ߔࠆᤨߦฃߌࠆ៺ᡂജߦߟ޿ߡ㧘࿁ォㆇേߣṖࠅㆇ േߢߩ㆑޿ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䖤ࡼϢᨽ᪺࡯ Ѡ

(25) Ǌ㧔ㆇേߣ៺ᡂജ㧔࠾㧕㧕 ˄Movement and friction -2˅ [14] :៺ᡂ߇ߤߎߢ ⊒↢ߔࠆ߆㧘៺ᡂജࠍჇടߐߖࠆᣇᴺ㧘ᷫዋߐߖࠆ ᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ᥻ࠊᇣ䔺ⱘᖿ᜶Ǌ 㧔ゞߩㅦᐲࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆ㧕 ˄Control of the speed of a car˅ [16] :߅߽ߜ߾ߩゞߩㅦᐲ ߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䆒䅵៥Ӏⱘ䌯䔺Ǌ㧔࡟࡯ࠪࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠍ⸳⸘ߔࠆ㧕 ˄Design of a racing car˅ [18] :⥄ಽߚߜߩ࡟࡯ ࠪࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠍ⸳⸘ߒߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉࠊ԰៥Ӏⱘ䌯䔺Ǌ㧔࡟࡯ࠪࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of a racing car˅[20] :⥄ಽߚߜߩ࡟࡯ࠪ ࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠍ૞ߞߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬. to prevent erosion of the land?˅ [63] :࿯࿾ߩଚ 㘩ࠍ㒐ߋᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䌘᭭ᑧǊ㧔⾗ᢱᐶ㧕˄Data warehouse˅ [65] :᳖ ᴡߩଚ㘩㧘㘑ߩଚ㘩㧘ᵄߩᶐ㘩‫ޕ‬ Ǐ䖤ࡼ੠࡯ǐ㧔㧠 ㆇേߣജ㧕˄4 Motion and force˅[69] ǉ៥Ӏⱘᇣ㓚䔺Ǌ㧔⑳ߚߜߩࠤ࡯ࡉ࡞ࠞ࡯㧕˄Our small cable car˅[70]㧦 ǉ⫼‵Ⲃㄟ԰ࡼ࡯Ǌ 㧔ベࠧࡓߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍേജߦ㧕 ˄How to use a rubber band to get energy?˅[72]㧦 ǉ‫☿ڣ‬ㆁ䙷ḋ偅ࡼᇣ䔺Ǌ 㧔ࡠࠤ࠶࠻ߢゞࠍ㚟േߔࠆ㧕 ˄Letting a car run by a rocket energy˅ [75]㧦 ǉ⌟䞣࡯ⱘ໻ᇣǊ 㧔ജࠍ᷹ࠆ㧕 ˄Measurement of the strength of force˅ [77]㧦 ǉ䖤ࡼϢᨽ᪺࡯Ǌ 㧔ㆇേߣ៺ᡂജ㧕 ˄Movement and friction˅ [79]㧦 ǉ⒥ࡼϢ⒮ࡼǊ㧔Ṗࠅㆇേߣ࿁ォㆇേ㧕˄Sliding movement and rotating movement˅ [82]㧦 ǉ䖤ࡼϢ䆒䅵Ǌ 㧔ㆇേߣ࠺ࠩࠗࡦ㧕 ˄Movement and design˅ [84]㧦 ǉ䆒䅵ࠊ԰ᇣ䌯䔺Ǌ㧔࡟࡯ࠪࡦࠣࠞ࡯ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of a racing car˅[86]㧦 ǉ䌘᭭ᑧǊ㧔⾗ᢱᐶ㧕˄Data warehouse˅ [89] :㊀ ജਁ᦭ᒁജ㧘෻⊒ജߣ෻⊒ㆇേ‫ޕ‬ 㧔ǏѨᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ䖤ࡼ੠࡯ǐߣ߶߷หߓౝኈ㧕 ˎȅˏȅ˒ġ Ⱥࡼා㑻‫ئ‬ᆒȻȪࡼා୆‫ےئ‬ȫ. . Ǐᯊ䯈ǐ㧔㧞 ᤨ㑆㧕˄2 Time˅[21] ǉᯊ䯈೼⌕䗱Ǌ㧔ᤨ㑆ߩᵹࠇ㧕˄Passage of time˅ [22] : ᤨ㑆ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⍮ࠆ߆‫ᤨ৻ޕ‬㑆߿৻ಽߪ ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ᳿߹ࠆ߆‫ޕ‬ ǉ೼ᯊ䩳থᯢПࠡǊ 㧔ᤨ⸘߇⊒᣿ߐࠇࠆ೨㧕 ˄Before the invention of clock˅ [24] : ฎઍߦߪ㧘ᤨ㑆ࠍ ⍮ࠆߩߦᣣᤨ⸘ࠍ↪޿ߚߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ໰䯈ⱘ䅵ᯊ఼Ǌ㧔ᄛ㑆↪ߩᤨ⸘㧕˄Clock for nighttime˅ [26] : ಽ㑆ࠍ⸘ࠆⱼῒᤨ⸘ࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⫼∈⌟䞣ᯊ䯈Ǌ 㧔᳓ߢᤨ㑆ࠍ⸘ࠆ㧕 ˄Measurement of time using water˅ [28] : ࡊ࡜ࠬ࠴࠶ࠢߩኈེ ࠍㅒߐߦߒߡ㧘᳓ߩ⪭ਅᤨ㑆ࠍ⸘ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬ϔা∈䩳Ǌ 㧔᳓ᤨ⸘ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of a water clock˅ [30] : ಽ߆ࠄ ಽ߹ߢ᷹ࠇࠆ᳓ᤨ⸘ࠍ ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⫼ᨚ䅵ᯊⱘ䩳Ǌ ᝄࠅሶᤨ⸘ ˄Pendulum clock˅ [32] : ߽߭ߦ㊀ࠅࠍߟߌߡᝄࠅሶߩ๟ᦼࠍ᷹ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⌟䞣ᨚⱘᖿ᜶Ǌ㧔ᝄࠅሶߩ๟ᦼߩ᷹ቯ㧕 ˄Measurement of the cycle of a pendulum˅ [34] :ᝄࠅሶߩ๟ᦼߦኻߔࠆ㧘㊀ߐ㧘߽߭ߩ㐳ߐ㧘 ᝄࠇ᏷㧘㘑ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䇗ᭈ䩳ᨚǊ㧔ᝄࠅሶࠍ⺞ᢛߔࠆ㧕˄Adjustment of the pendulum˅ [36] :߽߭ߩ㐳ߐࠍ⺞ᢛߒ㧘㧝ಽ 㑆ߦ ࿁ᝄേߔࠆᝄࠅሶࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉֱᣕᯊ䯈㒳ϔǊ㧔ᤨ㑆ߩ⛔৻㧕˄Standardization of time˅ [38] :ᱜ⏕ߥᤨ⸘ࠍ૞ߞߡ߈ߚᱧผߦߟ ޿ߡ‫ᤨޕ‬㑆ߩၮḰߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉᇏᡒᯊ䯈ⱘ⮩䗍Ǌ㧔ᤨ㑆ߩ∥〔ࠍតߔ㧕˄Looking for the trace of time˅[40] :ᧁߩᐕベ߿⥄ಽߩᚑ㐳 ᄌൻ߆ࠄᤨ㑆ߩ⚻ㆊࠍ⍮ࠆ‫ޕ‬ . 11. Ǐ䖤ࡼ੠࡯ǐ㧔㧝 ㆇേߣജ㧕˄1 Motion and force˅[ 1] ǉ៥Ӏⱘᇣ䔺Ǌ 㧔⑳ߚߜߩゞ㧕 ˄Our small car˅ [2] : ߅߽ߜ߾ߩゞࠍᒁߞᒛࠆജߣㅦᐲߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㒭ᇣ䔺㺙Ϟࡼ࡯Ǌ 㧔ゞߦേജࠍขࠅߟߌࠆ㧕 ˄How to give motive power to the small car?˅ [4] :ゞߦ ベࠧࡓࠍขࠅઃߌ㧘ベࠧࡓߩᏎ߈ᢙ㧘Ꮞߊᣇะߣゞ ߩㆇേߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㒭ᇣ䔺ᅝϾ㶎ᮟḼǊ 㧔ゞߦࡊࡠࡍ࡜ࠍขࠅઃߌࠆ㧕 ˄Setting up a propeller onto the car˅[6] :ขࠅ ߟߌߚࡊࡠࡍ࡜ࠍベࠧࡓߢ࿁ߒߡ⿛ࠆゞࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫☿ڣ‬ㆁ䙷ḋਃࡼᇣ䔺Ǌ 㧔ࡠࠤ࠶࠻ߩࠃ߁ߦേߊゞ㧕 ˄Letting a car run by a rocket energy˅ [8] : ゞ ߦ㘑⦁ࠍขࠅઃߌ㧘ឃ᳇ߔࠆജߢേ߆ߔ‫ޕ‬ ǉᇣ䔺䕑䞡Ǌ㧔ゞߩⓍタ㊂㧕˄Carrying capacity of car˅ [10] : Ⓧタ㊂ߣゞߩㆇേߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䖤ࡼϢᨽ᪺࡯ ϔ

(26) Ǌ㧔ㆇേߣ៺ᡂജ㧔৻㧕㧕 ˄Movement and friction -1˅ [12] : ‛૕߇ㆇേ 8 .

(27)

(28)

(29) . Ǐ⫳⠽Ϣ⦃๗ Ѡ

(30) ǐ㧔㧟 ↢߈‛ߣⅣႺ㧔࠾㧕㧕 ˄3 Living things and environment˅[41] ǉ㬋㭛㢅ϯǊ㧔ࡃ࡜ߩ⧎ს㧕˄Flower bed of roses˅ [42 ] :ࡃ࡜ߩ⧎სߩ↢߈‛ࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᅗӀᰃҔМ݇㋏Ǌ 㧔↢߈‛ߚߜߩ㑐ଥ㧕 ˄Relation among living things˅ [44] :ࡃ࡜ߣ๟ࠅߩ↢‛㧘㕖↢‛߇৻ߟߩ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ૞ߞߡ㧘߅੕޿ߦᓇ㗀ߒߡ ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ亳⠽䫒੠亳⠽㔥Ǌ㧔㘩‛ㅪ㎮ߣ㘩‛✂㧕˄Food chain and food network˅ [46] : 㘩‛ㅪ㎮㧘㘩‛ ✂ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬᳓↰ߩਛߩ㘩‛✂‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫خ‬ϔϾ⫳ᗕ⫊Ǌ㧔৻୘ߩ↢ᘒ↉ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕˄Making of a bottle of an ecosystem˅ [48] : ࡍ࠶࠻ࡏ࠻࡞ ߩਛߦ৻ߟߩ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ૞ߞߡⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㾖ᆳ⫳ᗕ⫊Ǌ㧔↢ᘒ↉ߩⷰኤ㧕˄Observation of an ecosystem inside the bottle˅ [50] :↢ᘒ↉ߩਛ ߩേᬀ‛ߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨߃ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᰒᖂ䬰ϟⱘ⫳ੑǊ㧔㗼ᓸ㏜ߢ⷗ߚ↢๮㧕˄Life observed with a microscope˅[52] : ↢ᘒ♽ߩਛߩ ᓸዊ↢‛ࠍ㗼ᓸ㏜ߢⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬍব⫳ᗕ⫊Ǌ㧔↢ᘒ↉ߩ᧦ઙࠍᄌ߃ࠆ㧕˄Change of the condition of the ecosystem˅ [54] :↢ᘒ♽ ߩਛߩ↢‛㧔㝼㧘᳓⨲㧕ߩᢙࠍჇ߿ߒߚᤨ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㓈ᡸ⫳ᗕᑇ㸵Ǌ㧔↢ᘒ♽ߩࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠍ଻ߟ㧕 ˄Maintaining of the balance of the ecosystem˅ [56] :㣔㧘఻㧘⨲߆ࠄߥࠆ↢ᘒ♽ࠍ଀ߦ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ ߩᢙ߇ᄌൻߒߚߣ߈ߩ᭽ሶࠍ⠨߃ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉֱᡸ䞢⫳ࡼỡ⠽ঞᷪᙃഄǊ㧔㊁↢ߩേᬀ‛߿↢ᕷ ࿾ࠍ଻⼔ߔࠆ㧕 ˄Protection of wild animals, plants and their habitats˅ [58] :㊁↢ߩേᬀ‛߿↢ᕷ࿾ ࠍ଻⼔ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ૞ࠄࠇߚ⥄ὼ଻⼔඙ߩ⺞ᩏ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⠅ᡸ⦡⿔ࡼ⠽੠ỡ⠽Ǌ㧔⛘Ṍߦἄߔࠆേᬀ‛ࠍᄢ ಾߦߔࠆ㧕˄Taking care of the rare animals and plants˅ [60] :↢ᘒ♽ߩ⎕უߦࠃߞߡ㧘ߔߢߦ⛘Ṍ ߒߚ⒳߿⛘Ṍߦἄߒߡ޿ࠆ⒳߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ࠆ‫ޕ‬. !". ˄Reason to exchange day and night˅ [66] :࿾⃿ ߩ౏ォߣ⥄ォߦߟ޿ߡ㧘⃿ߣᙬਛ㔚Ἦࠍ↪޿ߚታ㛎 ߆ࠄ⏕߆߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉಲ乒ҎӀ䅸䆚ഄ⧗ⱘग़৆Ǌ㧔࿾⃿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⊒⷗ࠍ ᝄࠅ㄰ࠆ㧕˄History of discoveries on the earth˅ [68] : ࿾⃿ߣᄥ㓁ߩㆇേߦߟ޿ߡߩᱧผ‫ࠬ࡝ࠕޕ‬ ࠻࠹࡟ࠬ㧘ࠦࡍ࡞࠾ࠢࠬ‫ޕ‬ ǉᗢḋ䆕ᯢഄ⧗೼㞾䕀Ǌ㧔࿾⃿ߩ⥄ォㆇേࠍߤ߁ߒ ߡ⸽᣿ߔࠆ㧕 ˄How to prove the self rotation of the earth?˅ [70] :࿾⃿ߩ⥄ォࠍ⷗಴ߒߚࡈ࡯ࠦ࡯ߩ ታ㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉᰃ⏙᰼䖬ᰃ咘ᯣǊ㧔ᣣߩ಴ߣᣣߩ౉ࠅ㧕˄Sunrise and sunset˅ [72] : ᄥ㓁߇᧲߆ࠄ᣹ࠅ⷏ߦᴉ߻ߎ ߣ‫ޕ‬࿾⃿ߩ࿁ォߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䇕᳔‫ܜ‬䖢ᴹ咢ᯢǊ㧔⺕߇ᦨೋߦᄛ᣿ߌࠍㄫ߃ࠆ㧕 ˄Who watches dawn first?˅[74] :ਛ࿖߇᧲⷏ߦ ᐢߊ㧘੖ᤨ㑆ߩᤨᏅ߇޽ࠆ߇㧘ർ੩ᤨ㑆ࠍ໑৻ߩᮡ Ḱᤨ㑆ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉᵕഄⱘⱑ໽ЎҔМ䙷М䭓Ǌ㧔ᭂ࿾ߩᤤ㑆߇ߥߗ㐳 ޿ߩ߆㧕˄Why is the day time at the polar region so long?˅ [76] : ࿾⃿ߩᭂ࿾ߢߪ⊕ᄛߦߥࠆߎߣ ࠍ࿾⃿௾ߣᙬਛ㔚Ἦࠍ↪޿ߡ⏕߆߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉഄ⧗ϞЎҔМӮ᳝ಯᄷǊ㧔ߥߗ྾ቄ߇޽ࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄Why do we have four seasons?˅[78] : ࿾⃿ߩ ࿾ゲ߇ᄥ㓁ߩ౏ォ㕙߆ࠄ௑޿ߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘྾ቄ߇ ↢ߓࠆߎߣࠍታ㛎߆ࠄ⏕߆߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ˄Day ǉᰐ໰ǃಯᄷϢࡼỡ⠽Ǌ 㧔ᤤᄛ㧘྾ቄߣേᬀ‛㧕 and night, four seasons, animals and plants˅ [80] :ᤤᄛ㧘྾ቄߩᄌൻ߇േᬀ‛ߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀‫ޕ‬ ˎȅġ ˏȅġ ˓ġ ġ Ⱥ჋ා㑻ષᆒȻȪ჋ා୆ષ‫ے‬ȫġ 12 ǏᴎẄ੠Ꮉ‫݋‬ǐ 㧔㧝 ᯏ᪾ߣ㆏ౕ㧕 ˄1 Machines and tools˅[1] ǉ៥Ӏᐌ⫼ⱘᎹ‫݋‬Ǌ㧔ࠃߊ૶߁㆏ౕ㧕˄Commonly used tools˅ [2] : りߩ࿁ࠅߢࠃߊ૶߁㆏ౕߣ૶޿ ᣇߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᠧᓔⲪᄤⱘᎹ‫݋‬Ǌ㧔⬄ࠍ㐿ߌࠆ㆏ౕ㧕˄Tools to open lids˅ [4] :ߡߎߩේℂ㧘ജὐ㧘૞↪ὐ㧘ᡰὐ ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᴴᴚⱘⷨおǊ 㧔ߡߎߩ⎇ⓥ㧕 ˄Study on lever˅ [6] : ᄤ⒊ߩਔ஥ߦ㊀ࠅࠍษࠆߒߡ㧘㊀ࠅࠍษࠆߔ૏⟎ߣ ㊀ࠅߩ㊀ߐߩ㑆ߩⷙೣࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㶎ϱߔ䞠ⱘ⾥ᄺǊ㧔࠼࡜ࠗࡃ࡯ߩ⑼ቇ㧕˄Science of driver˅ [8] : ࠼࡜ࠗࡃ࡯㧔ࡀࠫ࿁ߒ㧕ߪṖゞߩ ේℂࠍ↪޿ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬Ṗゞߩේℂߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉࡼ⒥䕂੠ᅮ⒥䕂Ǌ㧔േṖゞߣቯṖゞ㧕˄Movable. Ǐഄ⧗ⱘ䖤ࡼǐ㧔㧠 ࿾⃿ߩㆇേ㧕˄4 Motion of the earth˅[61] ǉ݇Ѣᯊ䯈Ǌ㧔ᤨ㑆ߦߟ޿ߡ㧕˄About time˅ [62] : ࿾⃿਄ߩ႐ᚲߦࠃߞߡᤨೞ߇㆑߁ߩߢ㧘ᮡḰᤨᏪࠍ ᳿߼ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉЎҔМϪ⬠৘ഄৠϔᯊࠏⱘᯊ䯈ϡϔḋǊ㧔หߓᤨ ೞߥߩߦ㧘ߥߗ਎⇇ฦ࿾ߩᤨ㑆߇⇣ߥࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄Why do we have different times at different places?˅ [64] : ⿒㆏㧘⚻✢㧘✲✢ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴ㧘ዊߐߥ⃿ ࠍ࿾⃿ߦ⷗┙ߡߡ㧘ᤨೞߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᰐ໰Ѹ᳓ⱘ㾷䞞Ǌ㧔ᤤᄛ߇౉ࠇᦧࠊࠆℂ↱㧕 9 .

(31) . . . . . pulley and fixed pulley˅ [10] :േṖゞ㧘ቯṖゞߩ ේℂߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䍋䞡ᴎǊ㧔ࠢ࡟࡯ࡦ㧕˄Crane˅ [12] : Ṗゞࠍ ⚵޽ࠊߖߡ㧘㊀ߚ޿߽ߩࠍ⒖േߔࠆߚ߼ߦࠢ࡟࡯ࡦ ߇૶ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ೼᭰വϞǊ㧔ဈ㆏ࠍ⊓ࠆ㧕˄On the slope˅ [14] : ௑߈ߩ㆑߁ᢳ㕙ߢ㧘‛૕ࠍᒁ߈਄ߍࠆജߩ㆑޿ࠍᲧ セߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ⱘ㞾㸠䔺Ǌ㧔⑳ߩ⥄ォゞ㧕˄Bicycle˅ [16] : ⥄ォゞߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᯏ᪾ߩේℂࠍតߒ ߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐᔶ⢊Ϣ㒧ᵘǐ 㧔㧞 ᒻ⁁ߣ᭴ㅧ㧕 ˄2 Forms and structures˅[19] ǉᢉᡫᔃ᳆Ǌ 㧔ᦛ߇ࠅߦߊߐ㧕 ˄Resistance to bend˅ [20] :⚕ߩෘߐߣᦛ߇ࠅߦߊߐߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ๲ᔎᡫᔃ᳆㛑࡯Ǌ㧔⚕ࠍᦛ߇ࠅߦߊߊߔࠆߦߪ㧕 ˄How to make a paper hard to bend?˅[22] : ⚕ ▫ߩ᧚ᢱߢ޽ࠆ࠳ࡦࡏ࡯࡞⚕ߩ᭴ㅧࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᣅᔶⱘ࡯䞣Ǌ㧔ࠕ࡯࠴߇⠴߃ࠆജ㧕˄Force of an arch shape to stand for˅ [24] : ⭯޿⚕ߢ߽㧘ࠕ ࡯࠴㧔౞ᒐᒻ㧕᭴ㅧߦߔࠆߣ㗎ਂߦߥࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉᡒᣅᔶǊ㧔ࠕ࡯࠴᭴ㅧ㧕˄Arch structure˅ [26] : りߩ࿁ࠅߢ㧘ࠕ࡯࠴᭴ㅧࠍ೑↪ߒߚ߽ߩࠍតߔ‫ޕ‬ ǉḚᶊ㒧ᵘǊ㧔ᨒ⚵᭴ㅧ㧕˄Framework structure˅ [28] : ᒝᐲࠍჇߔߚ߼ߦᨒ⚵᭴ㅧࠍ↪޿ߚᑪ▽‛ ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ᨒ⚵᭴ㅧߣᒝᐲߩ㑐ଥࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉศⱘⷨおǊ 㧔Ⴁߩ⎇ⓥ㧕 ˄Study on towers˅ [30] : 㜞޿‛૕ࠍୟࠇߦߊߊߔࠆᎿᄦ‫ޕ‬㊀ᔃߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉḹⱘⷨおǊ 㧔ᯅߩ⎇ⓥ㧕 ˄Study on bridges˅ [32] : 㐳޿ᦼ㑆૶߃ࠆᯅߩ᭴ㅧߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫࠴࡯ࠕޕ‬ᯅ ߣษᯅߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䆒䅵ᓎ䗴៥ӀⱘḹǊ 㧔⑳ߚߜߩᯅࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making of our bridge˅ [34] :⑳ߚߜߩᯅࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ⛁੠➗⚻ǐ㧔㧟 ᾲߣΆ὾㧕˄3 Heat and burning˅[37] ǉ⛁䍋ᴹњǊ 㧔޽ߚߚ߆ߊߥࠆ㧕 ˄Warming˅ [38] : ᥦ߆ߐߩⷐ࿃㧘⴩᦯߇ᥦ߆ߐߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀‫ޕ‬ ǉાᵃ∈⏽ᑺ催Ǌ㧔ᷙวߦࠃࠆ᳓ߩ᷷ᐲߩᄌൻ㧕 ˄Change of water temperature by mixing˅ [40] : ᷷ᐲߩ㆑߁᳓ࠍᷙวߒߚᤨߩ᷷ᐲᄌൻࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⛁ᰃᗢḋӴ䗦ⱘǊ㧔ᾲߩવࠊࠅᣇ㧕˄Conduction of heat˅ [42] : ᶧ૕㧘᳇૕㧘࿕૕ߦ߅ߌࠆᾲߩવ ࠊࠅᣇߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ኻᵹߣવዉߩ᭎ᔨ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䅽∈‫ޝ‬ᕫ᜶ϔѯǊ㧔᳓᷷ࠍ଻ᜬߔࠆߦߪ㧕˄How to keep the temperature of water˅ [44] : ᧚⾰ 10 . . . 㧔㋕㧘ࠕ࡞ࡒ࠾࠙ࡓ㧘㒻ེ㧘ࡊ࡜ࠬ࠴࠶ࠢ㧕ߦࠃࠆ ᾲવዉᐲߩ㆑޿ࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫଻ޕ‬᷷᭴ㅧࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉⴔ☿њǊ㧔Ἣ߇ߟ޿ߚ㧕˄Catching fire˅ [46] : ⊒Ἣὐ㧘ⓨ᳇ߩ⚵ᚑ㧘ⓨ᳇ߩΆ὾ߦኻߔࠆᓎഀߦߟ ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㳵⚯㛑➗⚻໮ЙǊ㧔ࠈ߁ߘߊߩΆ὾ᤨ㑆㧕 ˄Burning time of a candle˅ [48] :޿ࠈ޿ࠈߥ᧦ ઙߢ㧘ࠟ࡜ࠬࠦ࠶ࡊߩਛߩࠈ߁ߘߊߩΆ὾ᤨ㑆ࠍⷰ ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᡞ☿❘♁Ǌ㧔Ἣࠍᶖߔ㧕˄Extinction˅ [50] : Ἣ ߇Ά߃ࠆ᧦ઙࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛ᶖἫེࠍ૞ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ☿Ϣ៥Ӏⱘ⫳⌏Ǌ 㧔Ἣߣ⑳ߚߜߩ↢ᵴ㧕 ˄Fire and our life˅ [52] :Ἣߣ⑳ߚߜߩ↢ᵴߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ㛑䞣ǐ㧔㧠 ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧕˄4 Energy˅[55] ǉ৘⾡৘ḋⱘ㛑䞣Ǌ㧔⦡‫࡯ࠡ࡞ࡀࠛߥޘ‬㧕˄Various kinds of energies˅ [56] :ᯏ᪾ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧘㔚᳇ࠛ ࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯㧘ൻቇࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߥߤ㧘りߩ࿁ࠅߩࠛࡀ࡞ ࠡ࡯ࠍតߒߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㛑䞣ⱘ䕀࣪Ǌ㧔ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩᄌ឵㧕˄Conversion of energies˅ [58] :ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩᄌ឵ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⬉੠⺕Ǌ㧔㔚᳇ߣ⏛᳇㧕˄Electricity and magnetism˅ [60] : 㔚᳇߇ᵹࠇߡ޿ࠆዉ✢ࠍᣇ૏ ⏛㊎ߦㄭߠߌࠆߣ㧘ᣇ૏⏛㊎ߩะ߈߇ᄌࠊࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ⬉⺕䪕ⱘ⺕࡯Ǌ㧔㔚⏛⍹ߩ⏛ജ㧕˄Magnetism of electromagnet˅ [62] :㔚⏛⍹ߦߥࠆ᧦ઙࠍ⠨߃ߡ㧘 ᒝജߥ㔚⏛⍹ࠍ૞ߞߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ∈ⱘব࣪Ϣ⛁ⱘӴ䗦Ǌ㧔᳓ߩ⁁ᘒᄌൻߣᾲߩ಴౉ ࠅ㧕 ˄Heat evolved at state change of water˅ [64] : ⥄ὼ⇇ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ᳓ߦߪਃߟߩᒻ㧘᳖㧘᳓㧘᳓⫳᳇ ߇޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬᳖ߩⲢ⸃㧘᳓ߩ⫳⊒ታ㛎‫ޕ‬ ǉ∌ϡ‫ذ‬ℹⱘᮙ㸠ᆊǊ㧔⇐߹ࠆߎߣߩߥ޿᳓ߩᣏ㧕 ˄Endless trip of water˅[66] : ᶏ㧘᳓⫳᳇㧘㔎㧘 ᴡᎹߣ޿߁⥄ὼ⇇ߩ᳓ߩᓴⅣࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᄬ‫ټ‬њғϛᑈⱘ໾䰇㛑Ǌ㧔⾂⬿ߐࠇߚᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ ࠡ࡯㧕 ˄Stored solar energy˅ [68] : ⍹὇㧘⍹ᴤ㧘 ᄤὼࠟࠬ߇ᬀ‛ߥߤㆊ෰ߩ↢‛߇ᄌൻߒߚ߽ߩߢ ޽ࠅ㧘ర‫ߪޘ‬㧘ᄥ㓁ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߦ↱᧪ߔࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ġ. ˎȅˏȅ˔ġ Ⱥ჋ා㑻‫ئ‬ᆒȻȪ჋ා୆‫ےئ‬ȫ 13 ǏᖂᇣϪ⬠ǐ㧔㧝ࡑࠗࠢࡠ਎⇇㧕˄1 Micro world㧕[1] ǉᬒ໻䬰Ǌ㧔⯻⌒㏜㧕˄Magnifying glass˅ [2] : ⯻⌒㏜ߩࠃ߁ߥ᜛ᄢ㏜ࠍ↪޿ߚ႐วߣ⡺⌒ߢ⷗ߚ ႐วߩ㆑޿ࠍᲧセߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬒ໻䬰ⱘᬒ໻‫ס‬᭄Ǌ㧔⯻⌒㏜ߩ᜛ᄢ୚₸㧕.

(32)

(33)

(34) . ˄Magnifying power of magnifying glass˅ [4] : ⯻⌒㏜ߩ᜛ᄢ୚₸ࠍ⍮ࠆᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬᜛ᄢ୚₸ࠍ ᄌ߃ߡ㧘⷗߃ࠆ߽ߩߩ㆑޿ࠍᲧセߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬒ໻䬰ϟⱘᯚ㰿Ϫ⬠Ǌ 㧔⯻⌒㏜ߢ⷗ߚ᣸⯻ߩ਎⇇㧕 ˄The world of insects observed through a magnifying glass˅[6] :⯻⌒㏜ࠍ↪޿ߡ᣸⯻ߩ૕ ࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᬒ໻䬰ϟⱘ᱊ԧǊ㧔⯻⌒㏜ߢ⷗ߚ⚿᥏㧕˄Crystal observed through a magnifying glass˅ [8] : ⍾ ♧㧘㘩Ⴎ㧘ዊ㤈☳ߩ☳ࠍⷰኤߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘৻ᐲ㧘᳓ ߦṁ߆ߒߡ߆ࠄ㧘ౣ⚿᥏ߢᓧࠄࠇߚ⚿᥏ߩ᭴ㅧߣᲧ セߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᗢḋᬒᕫ᳈໻Ǌ㧔߽ߞߣ᜛ᄢߔࠆߦߪ㧕˄How to get larger magnifying power?˅ [10] : ಲ࡟ࡦ࠭ ࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߡ㗼ᓸ㏜߇૞ࠇࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬㔚ሶ㗼ᓸ㏜ߦ ߟ޿ߡǄ ǉ⫼ᰒᖂ䬰㾖ᆳⷨお䑿䖍ⱘ⫳ੑϪ⬠Ǌ㧔㗼ᓸ㏜ߢ↢ ߈‛ߩ਎⇇ࠍ⎇ⓥߔࠆ㧕˄Study on the world of tiny creatures using microscope˅ [12] : ⃰ߦಽ ߆ࠇߡ㧘㗼ᓸ㏜ߢ↢߈‛ߩ਎⇇ࠍ⎇ⓥߔࠆǄ ǉ೼ᰒᖂ䬰ϟ៥Ӏথ⦄њҔМǊ㧔㗼ᓸ㏜ߢ૗ࠍ⊒⷗ ߒߚߩ߆㧕˄What can we discover by using microscope?˅ [14] : ⃰ߏߣߦ㧘㗼ᓸ㏜ߢ⊒⷗ߒ ߚ߽ߩࠍ⊒⴫ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᖂᇣϪ⬠੠៥ӀǊ 㧔ࡑࠗࠢࡠ਎⇇ߣ⑳ߚߜ㧕 ˄Micro world and us˅[16] : 㗼ᓸ㏜ߩ⊒᣿ߦࠃߞߡ㧘વ ᨴ∛ߩේ࿃ߣߥࠆᓸ↢‛߇⊒⷗ߐࠇߚࠅ㧘᦭↪ߥᓸ ↢‛߇೑↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߎߣ‫ޕ‬ Ǐ⦃๗੠៥Ӏǐ㧔㧞 ⅣႺߣ⑳ߚߜ㧕˄2 Environment and our life˅[19] ǉൗഒේ䞠᳝ҔМǊ㧔ࠧࡒߦ૗߇޽ࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄Substances contained in garbage˅ [20] :ኅߩਛ ߢ৻ᣣߦ↢ߓࠆࠧࡒࠍ࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞น⢻ߥ߽ߩ߿㧘᦭ Ქߥ߽ߩߥߤߦಽ㘃ߒߡߺࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᓎϔϾൗഒ฿ඟഎǊ㧔ࠧࡒߩၒ߼┙ߡ႐ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Preparing a landfill for garbage˅[22] : ࠧࡒߩ ᑄ᫈ߩߚ߼ߦ㧘๟࿐ߩⅣႺ߳ਈ߃ࠆᓇ㗀ࠍ⠨߃ߚၒ ߼┙ߡ႐ࠍ⸳⸘ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ‫ޣ‬ᇥ϶ᓗঞ䞡ᮄՓ⫼Ǌ㧔ࠧࡒߩ㊂ࠍᷫࠄߔᎿᄦߣ ૶↪ᷣߺߩ߽ߩߩౣ೑↪㧕˄Effort to reduce the amount of garbage and its reuse˅ [24] : ࠧࡒߩ ㊂ࠍᷫࠄߔᎿᄦ㧘ౣ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉൗഒⱘಲᬊ߽⫼Ǌ㧔ࠧࡒߩ࿁෼ߣౣ೑↪㧕 ˄Collection and reuse of garbage˅ [26] :࡝ࠨࠗ ࠢ࡞ࡑ࡯ࠢࠍ↪޿ߡ㧘ࠧࡒࠍಽ೎࿁෼ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉߚ㉏݊ᅲᕜㅔऩǊ㧔ࠧࡒߩಽ㘃ߪ◲නߛ㧕 11 . !". ˄Grouping of garbage by types is easy˅ [28] :↢ ࠧࡒࠍ⢈ᢱߣߒߡ૶߁ߥߤ㧘ኅᐸ߇಴ߔࠧࡒࠍᷫࠄ ߔᎿᄦࠍ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉϪ⬠䴶Јⱘ⦃๗䯂乬Ǌ㧔਎⇇ߩⅣႺ໧㗴㧕 ˄Environmental problems in the world˅ [30] : ᳓⾗Ḯߩਇ⿷㧘࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ㧘↢‛⒳ߩᷫዋ㧘ᄢ᳇ᳪ ᨴߣࠝ࠱ࡦጀ⎕უ㧘⍾Ṽൻߩㅴⴕߥߤ㧘⑳ߚߜ߇⋥ 㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆⅣႺ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ㗗ᆳᆊеⱘ⦃๗Ǌ 㧔⥄ಽߚߜߩ᡿ㇹߩⅣႺߩ⠨ኤ㧕 ˄Investigation of the environment of our town˅ [32] : ࿾ၞߩ᳓ၞߩ᳓⾰⺞ᩏ㧘ឃ᳓ᵹ౉ߩ᦭ή㧘 ᄢ᳇ਛ߳ߩゞ㧘Ꮏ႐ߩឃ᳇㧘㉄ᕈ㔎ߥߤ㧘⥄ಽߚߜ ߩ᡿ㇹߩⅣႺߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥Ӏⱘ⦃ֱ㸠ࡼǊ㧔⑳ߚߜߩⅣႺ଻⼔ߩⴕേ㧕 ˄Our activity to protect environment˅ [36] :⑳ ߚߜߦߢ߈ࠆⅣႺ଻⼔ߩᵴേߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ Ǐᅛᅭǐ㧔㧟 ቝቮ㧕˄3 Universe˅[37] ǉഄ⧗ⱘि᯳᳜⧗Ǌ 㧔࿾⃿ߩⴡᤊ㧙᦬㧕 ˄A satellite of the earth㧙the moon˅ [38] : ࿾⃿ߩⴡᤊߢ޽ ࠆ᦬ߦߟ޿ߡߩᖱႎࠍ⺞ߴ㧘⹤ߒว߁‫ޕ‬ ǉ᳜Ⳍব࣪Ǌ 㧔᦬ߩᒻߩᄌൻ㧕 ˄Change of the form of the moon˅ [40] : ⑳ߚߜߦ⷗߃ࠆ᦬ߩᒻߩᄌൻ‫ޕ‬ 㧔ࠢ࡟࡯࠲࡯ࠍ૞ࠆ㧕 ˄Making ǉ៥Ӏᴹ䗴Ā⦃ᔶቅāǊ of a crater˅ [42] :᦬ߩ⴫㕙ߦߪ᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᄢ߈ߐߩࠢ ࡟࡯࠲࡯߇޽ࠆ‫ߚ߈ߢߩࠄࠇߘޕ‬ේ࿃ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ᮹亳੠᳜亳Ǌ㧔ᣣ㘩ߣ᦬㘩㧕˄Solar eclipse and lunar eclipse˅ [44] : ᦬ߣᄥ㓁ߣ࿾⃿ߩ૏⟎㑐ଥ ߆ࠄ㧘ᣣ㘩߿᦬㘩߇↢ߓࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ໾䰇㋏Ǌ㧔ᄥ㓁♽㧕˄The solar system˅ [46] : ᄥ㓁♽ߪᄥ㓁ࠍਛᔃߦ㧘਻ߟߩᖺᤊߣዊᖺᤊߔ޿ᤊ ߥߤ߆ࠄߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ೼᯳ぎЁǊ㧔ᤊߩⓨ㧕˄Sky of stars˅ [48] : ർ ᭂᤊ㧘ർ᢯৾ᤊ㧘ᄢᾢᐳ㧘ዊᾢᐳߥߤ㧘ᄛⓨߦߪ㧘 ᄙߊߩᤊᐳ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉ᥶㋶ᅛᅭǊ㧔ቝቮ߳ߩត⚝㧕˄Exploration of the universe˅ [52] : ᄥ㓁ߩࠃ߁ߦ⥄ࠄノߊᄤ૕ࠍᕡ ᤊߣ޿޿㧘ᄥ㓁♽߇ዻߔࠆᕡᤊߩ㓸࿅ࠍ㌁ᴡ♽ߣ๭ ߱ߎߣ‫ޕ‬ Ǐֵᙃǐ㧔㧠 ᖱႎ㧕˄4 Information˅[55] ǉ⾥ᄺᆊᗢḋ䖯㸠᥶おǊ㧔⑼ቇ⠪ߚߜߩតⓥᣇᴺ㧕 ˄Researching methods of scientists˅[56 ] :ࠕࡔ ࡝ࠞߩ⑼ቇ⠪ߩ⎇ⓥᵴേࠍෳ⠨ߦ㧘⑼ቇ⠪߇តⓥߔ ࠆᣇᴺࠍቇ߱‫ޕ‬ ǉ៥ӀᰃᗢМⶹ䘧ⱘǊ㧔⑳ߚߜߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦߒߡℂ.

(35) . . . . . ⸃ߔࠆߩ߆㧕 ˄How do we understand?˅[58 ] : ត ⓥ⊛ߦ⑼ቇࠍቇ⠌ߔࠆᣇᴺࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉⳟࠄⱘ੠ᛇࠄⱘǊ 㧔⷗ߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ߚ߽ߩ㧕 ˄What we saw and what we imagined˅ [60] : ৻ੱ߇ⷰ ኤߒߚ⚿ᨐ߇ᱜߒ޿ߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ޿‫⚿ߩੱߩઁޕ‬ᨐߣ ߩᲧセ߿ౣ⃻ᕈߩ࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᶹ䯙੠䕼߿ֵᙃǊ 㧔ᖱႎߩᬌ⚝ߣ⷗ಽߌ㧕 ˄Search of information and its selection˅ [62] : ᣂ⡞߿ᧄ㧘 ࠗࡦ࠲ࡀ࠶࠻ߥߤ㧘ฦ⒳ߩᖱႎ෼㓸ᣇᴺࠍᜬߞߡ޿ ࠆߎߣ‫ޕ‬ ǉ䆄ᔩ੠‫ټ‬ᄬǊ㧔⸥㍳ߣ଻ሽ㧕˄Record and save of the data˅ [64] : ᖱႎࠍ⸥㍳ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘 ᓟ਎ߦવ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉᭈ⧚㦋ᕫⱘֵᙃǊ㧔₪ᓧߒߚᖱႎࠍᢛℂߔࠆ㧕 ˄Making order of the obtained information˅ [66] : ᓧࠄࠇߚᖱႎࠍ૕♽⊛ߦᢛℂߒ߹ߣ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ǉѸ⌕៥ӀⱘֵᙃǊ㧔ᖱႎࠍ੤ᵹߒ޽߁㧕˄Sharing our information with others˅ [68] : ⑼ቇ⊛តⓥ ߦ߅ߌࠆᖱႎ੤឵ߩ㊀ⷐᕈ‫ޕ‬ ǉᡞֵᙃӴ㒭᳈໮ⱘҎǊ 㧔ᖱႎࠍᄙߊߩੱߦવ߃ࠆ㧕 ˄Sharing the information with much more people˅[70] : ࡕ࡯࡞ࠬାภ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩੱߣᖱ ႎ੤឵ߔࠆᣇᴺ‫ޕ‬ 㧔஻⠨㧕 ߥ߅㧘ᧄ⎇ⓥߢ↪޿ߚǏϝᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ‫ދ‬Ϣ⛁ǐ ߣ㧘Ǐಯᑈ㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ‫ދ‬Ϣ⛁ǐ߇㧘߹ߚ㧘ǏѨᑈ 㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ䖤ࡼ੠࡯ǐߣ㧘ǏѨᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ䖤 ࡼ੠࡯ǐ߇㧘߶ߣࠎߤหߓౝኈߦߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬಴ ␠ߦ໧޿วࠊߖߚᚲ㧘ਛ࿖ߢߪ㧘ㄭᐕ㧘ᢎ⑼ᦠߩౝ ኈ߇㧘ඨᐕ੐ߦୃᱜߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ฦቇᐕߩఽ┬߇ቇ ⠌ߔࠆනర㗄⋡ࠍวࠊߖࠆߚ߼㧘਄⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥߎߣ ߇⿠ߎߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ˏġ ͂͛͘ġ ‫ޟ‬㧞㧚㧟 ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞℂ⑼ߩනరߣౝኈ‫ోߩޠ‬ ૕ࠍㅢߒߡ⷗ߚᤨ㧘ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞߩℂ⑼ߢᢎ߃ࠄࠇ ߡ޿ࠆౝኈߦ㧘ታ㓙ߩ↢ᵴߦߔߋᵴ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿ߎߣߦ᳇ߠߊ‫ޕ‬ ߚߣ߃߫㧘Ǐಯᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏ亳⠽ǐߩਛߩǉ‫ޣ‬ ᜶亳⠽ব䋼ⱘ䗳ᑺǊ 㧔㘩‛ߩᄌ⾰ㅦᐲࠍᷫࠄߔ㧕ߪ㧘 Ფᣣߩ↢ᵴߩਛߢ㧘㘩‛ߩ଻ሽᣇᴺࠍ⠨߃ࠆ਄ߢ㊀ ⷐߥ⍮⼂ߢ޽ࠅ㧘Ǐ݁ᑈ㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐǏᴎẄ੠Ꮉ‫݋‬ǐ ߩਛߩǉ㶎ϱߔ䞠ⱘ⾥ᄺǊ 㧔࠼࡜ࠗࡃ࡯ߩ⑼ቇ㧕߿㧘 ǉ䍋䞡ᴎǊ㧔ࠢ࡟࡯ࡦ㧕ߪ㧘ᑪ▽㧘ᑪ⸳ߥߤߩ૞ᬺ ߦ៤ࠊࠆ਄ߢ᦭↪ߥ⍮⼂ߣߥࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘หߓ㧘Ǐ݁ 12 . . . 㧔ࠕ࡯࠴߇⠴߃ࠆജ㧕㧘 ᑈ㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬ǐߩǉᣅᔶⱘ࡯䞣Ǌ ǉᡒᣅᔶǊ㧔ࠕ࡯࠴᭴ㅧ㧕㧘ǉḚᶊ㒧ᵘǊ㧔ᨒ⚵᭴ ㅧ㧕ߥߤߪ㧘㜞ጀࡆ࡞߿ᯅߥߤߩᏂᄢᑪ▽‛ࠍ૞ࠆ ਄ߢᔅⷐߥ⍮⼂ߣߥࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫⟵ޕ‬ോᢎ⢒ࠍ⚳߃ߡ ߔߋߦዞഭߔࠆ⧯޿਎ઍߩᢙ߇߹ߛᄙ޿ਛ࿖ߢߪ㧘 ߎࠇࠄߩᢎ⢒߇⌀ߦ㊀ⷐߥ↢߈ࠆജߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ ߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣᗵߓߚ‫ޕ‬ ߣߎࠈߢ㧘੹࿁㧘ਛ࿖ߩᢎ⑼ᦠࠍ⺒߻㑆ߦ㧘৻ߟ ᳇ߠ޿ߚߎߣ߇޽ߞߚ‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬㧘ᒰߚࠅ೨ߩߎߣߢ ߪ޽ࠆߩߛ߇㧘‫ޟ‬ਛ࿖ߩᢎ⑼ᦠ߇㧘ోߡṽሼߢᦠ߆ ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬੐ታߢ޽ࠆ‫ߢߎߎޕ‬㧘ዊቇᩞ ᐕ ↢ߩਅᏎߦᦠ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޟ‬ⓨ᳇‫߁޿ߣޠ‬නరߩ౨㗡 ࠍᒁ↪ߔࠆߎߣߦߒࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ Ǐϝᑈ㑻ϟ‫ ݠ‬义ぎ⇨ǐ 7 Ǐ៥Ӏሙԣⱘഄ⧗ˈ㹿ϔሖ໻⇨ࣙ㻍ⴔǄབᵰ៥ӀҢ ໾ぎⳟഄ⧗ˈഄ⧗⎵㪱㡆ⱘ㕢Б໪㸷ህᰃ໻⇨ሖǄҎ ㉏ϪϪҷҷ⫳⌏೼䖭Ͼ໻⇨ሖⱘᑩ䚼Ǆ៥Ӏ⫳⌏೼ぎ ⇨ⱘ⍋⋟䞠ˈ਼ೈⳟ䍋ᴹད‫ڣ‬ҔМг≵᳝ˈҨ㒚㾖ᆳ ህӮথ⦄ᑊϡᰃ䖭ḋǄぎ⇨᳝䆌໮༛཭ⱘᗻ䋼ˈ᥶㋶ぎ⇨ⱘ༹⾬䴲ᐌ᳝䍷Ǆ䅽៥Ӏᓔྟ䖭⃵Ā᥶䰽āⱘग़ ⿟ˈ偀Ϟߎথ৻ʽǐ ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޟ‬૑ࠎߢ޿ࠆ࿾⃿ߪ㧘ᄢ᳇ߩጀߢ࿐߹ࠇߡ ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߽ޕ‬ቝቮ߆ࠄ࿾⃿ࠍ⷗ߚᤨ㧘࿾⃿߇߹ߣߞߡ ޿ࠆ㕍ߊߡ⟤ߒ޿⴩߇㧘ߎߩᄢ᳇ጀߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᐞ਎ઍ ߽ߩੱ㘃߇↢ᵴߒߡ߈ߚߩߪ㧘ߎߩᄢ᳇ጀߩᐩߢ޽ ࠆ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᐢ‫ߚߒߣޘ‬ⓨ᳇ߩਛߢ↢ᵴߒ㧘ߘߎߦ ߪ૗߽⷗߃ߥ޿߇㧘ࠃߊⷰኤߔࠆߣߘ߁ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ⓨ᳇ߦߪਇᕁ⼏ߥᕈ⾰߇޽ࠅ㧘ⓨ᳇ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆ ߎߣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㕙⊕޿‫ࠄ߆ࠇߎޕ‬㧘ត㒾ߩᣏߦ಴⊒ߒ ࠃ߁‫ޠޕ‬㧔⪺⠪╬ߦࠃࠆ๺⸶㧕 ߎߩᢥ┨ࠍ㧘ዊቇᩞ 3 ᐕ↢㧔9 ᱦఽ㧕߇⺒߻ߩߢ ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄੱ߆ࠄ⷗ࠇ߫㧘㛳ߊߴ߈ߎߣߢߪߥ޿ߛ ࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬એਅߩ⴫ߦ㧘ਛ࿖ 25 ߣᣣᧄ 24 ߩఽ┬߇ⷡ ߃ࠆṽሼߩᢙࠍ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅޿ߡ㧘ㆊ෰චᢙᐕ 㑆ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ࠅߣࠁޟ‬ᢎ⢒‫ࠍޠ‬ขࠅ౉ࠇ㧘ዊቇᩞ߿ਛ ቇᩞߦ߅ߌࠆ⟵ോᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߢᢎ߃ࠆනరౝኈࠍᄢ ᏷ߦᷫࠄߒߡ߈ߚ‫ߦ౒ߣࠇߘޕ‬㧘ℂ⑼ߩᢎ⑼ᦠߢ߽ ᄙߊߩኾ㐷↪⺆ࠍ⴫ߔṽሼ⺆߇߭ࠄ߇ߥ⴫⸥ߦߥ ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠍߣߎߩߎޕ‬ᕁ޿⿠ߎߔߣ㧘ᢥ┨ߩ 100% ߦṽሼࠍ↪޿ߚᢎ⑼ᦠ߇૶߃ࠆਛ࿖ߩᢎ⢒߇㛳⇣ ߦᕁ߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻ᣇ㧘‫ޟ‬㧞㧚㧟‫ߩޠ‬஻⠨ߦ߽ㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ਛ࿖ ߢߪ㧘ㄭᐕ㧘ᢎ⑼ᦠߩౝኈ߇㧘ඨᐕ੐ߦୃᱜߐࠇߡ ޿ࠆߣ޿߁‫ޕ‬੐ታ㧘ߎߩᧄ⺰ᢥߩේⓂ߇߶ߣࠎߤᦠ.

(36)

(37)

(38) . ߈޽߇ߞߚ㗃ߦ㧘2007 ᐕߩ 9 ᦬߆ࠄ૶ࠊࠇࠆߣ޿ ߁ᢎ⑼ᦠࠍᚻߦ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫⷗ࠍࠇߘޕ‬Ყߴ ࠆߣ㧘නరౝኈߩ⚵ߺวࠊߖ߿㧘㗅ᐨ߇߆ߥࠅ⇣ߥ ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᐞಽ㧘ᣣᧄߩᢎ⑼ᦠߩਛ ߩ᭴ᚑߦㄭߠ޿ߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥ᳇߽ߔࠆ‫ߛ߹ߛ߹ޕ‬⢒ ߜ⋓ࠅߩ࿖ߩࠃ߁ߦᕁ߃ࠆ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᄌൻ߇ᄢ߈ ޿ߎߣࠍ⍮ࠅ߃ߚߎߣ߽฽߼ߡ㧘ਛ࿖ߩዊቇᩞߩℂ ⑼ߩౝኈߩ᭎ⷐࠍ⍮ࠆ⦟޿ᯏળߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩ⺰ᢥ߇㧘ਛ࿖㧘㖧࿖ߣᣣᧄߩ⋧੕ℂ⸃ߦᓎ┙ ߡ߫ᐘ޿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ቇᐕ ਛ࿖ ᣣᧄ ዊቇ ᐕ

(39)

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(41) ዊቇ ᐕ

(42)

(43)

(44) ዊቇ ᐕ

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(47) ⴫ ਛ࿖ߣᣣᧄߩఽ┬߇ⷡ߃ࠆṽሼߩᢙ 㧔஻⠨㧕⴫ਛߩ

(48) ߪ⺒߼ࠆሼᢙ㧘

(49)

(50) ߪᦠߌࠆሼᢙࠍ ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ ĵġ ৫ৃġ ߎߩ⎇ⓥࠍㆀⴕߔࠆߦ޽ߚࠅ㧘2007 ߦ㖧࿖࡮ᄢ㇑ ᢎ⢒ᄢቇᩞ߆ࠄ⎇ⓥ⾌ߩ৻ㇱߩ⵬ഥࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩ႐ࠍ୫ࠅߡᗵ⻢޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ (This research was partially supported by the Grant 2007 from the Daegu National University of Education, Korea.) ˑġ ४ࣉ໲ࡃġ 1 ⍹㒝 ታˈ‫ޟ‬Ყセ࡮࿖㓙ᢎ⢒ቇ‫ޠ‬165㧙166 㗁ˈ ᧲ାၴ㧔᧲੩㧕ˈ1996 ᐕ‫ޕ‬ 2 ⍹㒝 ታˈ ‫ޟ‬Ყセ࡮࿖㓙ᢎ⢒ቇ‫ޠ‬169 㗁ˈ᧲ାၴ 㧔᧲੩㧕ˈ1996 ᐕ‫ޕ‬ 3 ЁढҎ⇥݅੠೑ᬭ㚆䚼㔥ഔⱏ䕑ⱘǋЁढҎ⇥݅ ੠೑Нࡵᬭ㚆⊩ǌ˄ ᑈਞ⼎ˈ ᑈᬍℷ˅ <http://www.moe.gov.cn/edoas/website18/info203 69.htm> 4 Ҏ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒㔥ഔⱏ䕑ⱘĀ⾥ᄺ䇒⿟ᷛ‫ ޚ‬ ˉ ᑈ㑻

(51) āˈ ᑈǄ <http://www.pep.com.cn/xxkx/xxkxjs/kbjd/xkkcbz /200703/t20070329_380725.htm> 5 ЁढҎ⇥݅੠೑ᬭ㚆䚼㔥ഔⱏ䕑ⱘǋНࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟䆒㕂ᅲ偠ᮍḜǌ ᑈਞ⼎ 13 . !". <http://www.moe.gov.cn/edoas/website18/info417. htm> 6 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛 Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺϝᑈ㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ ᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄࠋǄ 7 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛 Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺϝᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ ᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄࠋǄ 8 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛 Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺಯᑈ㑻Ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ ᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄࠋǄ 9 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛 Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺಯᑈ㑻ϟ‫ݠ‬Ǌ ᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄࠋǄ 10 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺѨᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬Ǌᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 11 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺѨᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬Ǌᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 12 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺ݁ᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬Ǌᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 13 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⾥ᄺ݁ᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬Ǌᬭ㚆⾥ᄺߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 14 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⫳⠽ᄺϗᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 15 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⫳⠽ᄺϗᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄ ࠋǄ 16 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⫳⠽ᄺܿᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄ ࠋǄ 17 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⫳⠽ᄺܿᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 18 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮.

(52) . . . . . 䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⠽⧚ܿᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄ ࠋǄ 19 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⠽⧚ܿᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 20 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ⠽⧚бᑈ㑻ǊҎ ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄࠋǄ 21 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ࣪ᄺбᑈ㑻Ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ॄ ࠋǄ 22 㒣ܼ೑ЁᇣᄺᬭᴤᅵᅮྨਬӮ ᑈ߱ᅵ䗮䖛Нࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟ᷛ‫ޚ‬ᅲ偠ᬭ⾥кǉ࣪ᄺбᑈ㑻ϟ ‫ݠ‬ǊҎ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒˄࣫Ҁ˅ ᑈ ᳜㄀ ⃵ ॄࠋǄ 23 ЁढҎ⇥݅੠೑ᬭ㚆䚼㔥ഔⱏ䕑ⱘǋНࡵᬭ㚆䇒⿟䆒㕂ᅲ偠ᮍḜǌ ᑈਞ⼎ <http://www.moe.gov.cn/edoas/website18/info417. htm> 24 ᣣᧄ㧘ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭㧘ዊቇᩞቇ⠌ᜰዉⷐ㗔㧔ᐔ ᚑ 10 ᐕ 12 ᦬๔␜‫ޔ‬15 ᐕ 12 ᦬৻ㇱᡷᱜ㧕 <http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shuppan/sonota/. . . 990301/03122601.htm> 25 Ҏ⇥ᬭ㚆ߎ⠜⼒㔥ഔⱏ䕑ⱘĀܼ᮹ࠊНࡵᬭ㚆䇁᭛䇒⿟ᷛ‫˄ޚ‬ᅲ偠〓˅ā ᑈ <http://www.pep.com.cn/xiaoyu/jiaoshi/xypx/biao zhun/kebiao/200211/t20021127_9988.htm>. . 14 .

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日中韓の小学校理科教科書の内容の比較 : Ⅰ 中国の小学校における理科教育

日中韓の小学校理科教科書の内容の比較 : Ⅰ　中国の小学校における理科教育