宇宙航空研究開発機構研究開発報告

宇宙航空研究開発機構研究開発報告

JAXA Research and Development Report

宇宙時代の人間・社会・文化

新たな宇宙時代に向けた

人文科学および社会科学からのアプローチ

2012 年 3 月

宇宙航空研究開発機構

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

⊂❧⾜ᨻἲேᏱᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ

኱Ꮫ➼㐃ᦠ᥎㐍ᐊ ᐊ㛗 Ᏻ㒊 㝯ኈ㸦Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ᩍᤵ㸧

ᚑ᮶㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭㛤Ⓨ࡜ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪ᕤᏛ࣭⌮Ꮫࡢ⊂ቭሙ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉

Ꮫⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣ㸪㝈ࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪ᅜ㝿㧗➼◊✲ᡤࠗᏱᐂၥ㢟࡬

ࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࠘ 㸦2009 ᖺ㸧࡟ࡼࡿࡲ࡜ࡵࡸ㸪Ᏹᐂἲ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ◊✲

࡞࡝㸪ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ษࡾཱྀ࡛ࡍࡍࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ᗈ⠊࡞◊✲

⪅ࢆᕳࡁ㎸ࢇࡔ◊✲άືࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬஦ᐇ㸪᭱㏆࡟࡞ࡗ࡚㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ

◊✲ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ࡋࡓேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢥ࣑ࣗ

ࢽࢸ࢕ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿᶵ㐠ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀࡿᐇࡾ࠶ࡿᡂᯝࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ

࡛ࡢᏱᐂ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆ㉁ⓗ࡟ኚ㠉ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆࡶࡘࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢㄆ㆑ࡢ

ࡶ࡜㸪ᡃࠎࡣ

JAXA

኱Ꮫ➼㐃ᦠ᥎㐍ᐊ࡟ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱࢆタ⨨ࡋ㸪㛵 㐃኱Ꮫ◊✲⪅࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ᗈ⠊࡞◊✲άືࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿヨࡳࢆጞࡵࡓ㸬

ᮏㄽᩥ㞟ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ヨࡳࡢ୍ࡘࡢษࡾཱྀ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂࢆ㢟ᮦ࡜ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉

Ꮫⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆヨࡳࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㙊⏣ᮾ஧Ặ㸪ᒸ⏣ᾈᶞẶ㸪☾㒊ὒ᫂Ặ㸪ᒾ⏣㝧 ᏊẶ㸦ᩗ⛠␎㸧ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸪᐀ᩍᏛ㸪ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫ㸪ᩍ⫱Ꮫࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽཎⴭ ㄽᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚ୖᱻࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡞࠾㸪௒ᅇ㸪ࡇࡢ◊✲⪅࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ⫼ᬒ

࡟ࡣ㸪ඹ࡟

ISTS 28th

࡛ࡢⓎ⾲ࢆࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺⤒⦋ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ྛㄽᩥ࡟ࡣ☒Ꮫࡢඛ⏕᪉࡟ㅮホࢆ౫㢗ࡋ㸪ྛㄽᩥࡢព⩏ࢆㄽࡌ࡚㡬࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᖾ࠸㸪ྛㅮホ࠿ࡽࡶ࠺࠿ࡀ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ពᅗࡋࡓᣮᡓࡢព⩏ࡣ᫂☜࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᮏㄽ

ᩥ㞟ࢆඛ㥑࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽ┈ࠎ㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ◊✲࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀάⓎ࡟࡞ࡾ㸪

◊✲ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࢀࡤ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ㞟ࡢ௻⏬⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᮏᮃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

≉࡟㸪ᮏㄽᩥ㞟ࢆ

JAXA

ࡢㄽᩥࢩ࣮ࣜࢬ࡜ࡋ࡚ห⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢᣮᡓࢆ᫂☜࡟⾲

ࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚⮬㈇ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ྛㄽᩥࡢᇳ➹⪅㸪࡞ࡽࡧ࡟㸪ㅮホࢆ㡬࠸

ࡓඛ⏕᪉࡟ឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡍḟ➨࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

┠ ḟ

Ϩ㸬᐀ᩍဴᏛ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸸

ࠕᏱᐂయ㦂࡜᐀ᩍయ㦂㸪ࡑࡋ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ◊✲࡜᐀ᩍ◊✲ࡢ㛫ࠖ 㙊⏣ ᮾ஧㸦ி㒔኱Ꮫ㸧 ㅮホ㸸ᓥⷵ 㐍㸦ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ேᩥ♫఍⣔◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ㸧

͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

1

ϩ㸬ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

ࠕᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢ᳨ウࠖᒸ⏣ ᾈᶞ㸦⚄ᡞ኱Ꮫ㸧 ㅮホ㸸ᑠᒣ ຾஧㸦ி㒔኱Ꮫ ྡ㄃ᩍᤵ㸧

͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

15

Ϫ㸬Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

ࠕே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウࠖ☾㒊 ὒ᫂㸦ி㒔኱Ꮫ㸧

ㅮホ㸸ụෆ ஢㸦⥲ྜ◊✲኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ ⌮஦㸧

͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

41

ϫ㸬ᩍ⫱Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

ࠕ᪂ࡓ࡞Ᏹᐂ᫬௦฿᮶࡟ྥࡅࡓ㐨ᚨᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟ࠖᒾ⏣ 㝧Ꮚ㸦

JAXA

㸧

ㅮホ㸸Ỉཎ ඞᩄ㸦ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ㸧

͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

63

ཧ⪃㈨ᩱ

ISTS28th

࡟࠾ࡅࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ⣔ࣃࢿࣝࠗᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬࠘㛤ദ㘓

͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐͐

97

Ϩ㸬᐀ᩍဴᏛ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

Ᏹᐂయ㦂࡜᐀ᩍయ㦂㸪ࡑࡋ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ◊✲࡜᐀ᩍ◊✲ࡢ㛫

㙊⏣ ᮾ஧

^ͤ

Space experiences and religious: between space studies and religious studies by

Toji KAMATA (Kyoto University)

Abstract: Sets of beliefs, ideas, actions, and ceremonies unique to humans called

“religions” have been born from out of the behaviour of humans, a biological species that has arisen on a watery planet. The myths and ceremonies common to all religions can be said to show the various patterns which humans have used to understand this world and outer space and to understand their position (value) in the universe.

The task of space religious studies (the study of religion in space) is to discuss various issues including: What kinds of roles and functions will religion that was created on this planet have when humans venture into space?, What impact will space experiences and living in space have on the mind and body, sensory perception, and ideas of humans?, How will the methods of dealing with problems used by religion, which previously dealt with a variety of crises and social risks, be able to operate when people are living in space and how will the character of religion change in such a context?, and What is the power and potential possessed by religion?, etc.

On planet Earth there are confrontations and wars that are caused by religion, but at the same time religion has enabled people to overcome negative emotions and suffering and brought about salvation and deep insights. From among the various religions, we discuss the special characteristics of religions and Shintoism in Japan and their potential for a life in space.

Keywords:

᐀ᩍ㸪᐀ᩍయ㦂㸪Ᏹᐂ᐀ᩍᏛ㸪ಙ௮࣭ᛮ᝿㸪⚄㐨㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂㸪Ᏹᐂ⏕ά

ᴫせ

Ỉࡢᝨᫍ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ⏕≀✀࡛࠶ࡿࣄࢺࡢ࠸࡜࡞ࡳࡢ୰࠿ࡽࠕ᐀ᩍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࣄࢺ⊂⮬ࡢಙ ௮࣭ᛮ᝿࡜⾜ື࣭൤♩ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᐀ᩍ࡟ඹ㏻ࡍࡿ⚄ヰ࡜൤♩ࡣ㸪ࣄࢺࡀࡇࡢ ୡ⏺ࡸᏱᐂࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᤊ࠼㸪఩⨨௜ࡅ㸦౯್௜ࡅ㸧࡚ࡁࡓ࠿㸪ࡑࡢㅖࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓᆅ⌫ୖ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᐀ᩍࡣ㸪ࣄࢺࡀᏱᐂ࡟ฟࡿ㝿࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࡸᶵ

⬟ࢆᯝࡓࡍࡢ࠿㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂࡜Ᏹᐂ⏕άࡣࣄࢺࡢᚰ㌟ࡸឤぬࡸᛮ᝿࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ

ࡢ࠿㸪᐀ᩍࡀࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞♫఍ࣜࢫࢡ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᑐฎࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᑐฎἲࡣᏱᐂ⏕ά࡟࠾࠸࡚࡝

ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡣࡓࡽࡁ࠺ࡿ࠿㸪ࡲࡓࡑࡇ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᐀ᩍࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ኚ㉁ࡍࡿ࠿㸪᐀ᩍࡀᣢࡘຊ

࡜ྍ⬟ᛶࡣఱ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࡢࡀࠕᏱᐂ᐀ᩍᏛࠖ㸦Ᏹᐂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᐀ᩍࡢ◊

✲㸧ࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛ࡣ᐀ᩍࡀཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗࡓᑐ❧ࡸᡓதࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ྠ᫬࡟㸪᐀ᩍࡣ㈇ࡢឤ᝟ࡸⱞ㞴ࡢ஌

ࡾ㉺࠼ࡸᩆ῭ࡸ῝࠸Ὕᐹࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㅖ᐀ᩍࡢ୰࡛㸪᪥ᮏࡢ᐀ᩍ࠾ࡼࡧ⚄

㐨ࡀᣢࡘ≉ⰍࡸᏱᐂ⏕ά࡟࠾ࡅࡿྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿ㸬

ͤ ி㒔኱Ꮫࡇࡇࢁࡢᮍ᮶◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᩍᤵ

㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟̿̿Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢᏱᐂ㐟Ὃయ㦂࠿ࡽ

㱟ᮧோ┘╩ࡢࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢱ࣮ࣜᫎ⏬ࠗᆅ⌫஺㡪᭤ ➨୍␒࠘ࡢ୰࡟㸪࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ྜ⾗ᅜࡢඖ Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈࣛࢵࢭ࣭ࣝࢩࣗ࣡࢖࣮࢝ࢺẶࡀⓏሙࡋ࡚㸪ᙼࡀᣢࡗࡓᏱᐂ㐟Ὃయ㦂ࢆㄒࡿሙ㠃ࡀ

࠶ࡿ㸬

ᖺ㸪࢔࣏ࣟ㸷ྕࡢ஌⤌ဨࡔࡗࡓᙼࡣ㸪᭶╔㝣⯪ࡢࢸࢫࢺࢆවࡡ࡚Ᏹᐂ㐟Ὃࢆࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿ᫬࡟࠶ࡿ୙ᛮ㆟࡞య㦂ࢆᣢࡗࡓ㸬㐟Ὃ୰ࡢᙼࢆ᧜ᙳࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࣛࡀ✺↛ᨾ㞀ࡋࡓࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࡑ

ࢀࢆಟ⌮ࡍࡿ㛫㸪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡲࡗࡓࡃ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࡢ୰࡟୍ேࡱࡘࡡࢇ࡜ᾋ࠿ࢇ࡛࠸

ࡿࡋ࠿࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ᫬ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᅇ᝿ࡋ࡚㸪ᙼࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟⟅࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࠕ✺↛ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ⚾ࡣ㸪ࡺࡗࡃࡾ࡜ࡲࢃࡾࢆぢΏࡋࡲࡋࡓ㸬⚾ࡢ┿ୗ࡟ࡣ┿ࡗ㟷

࡞⨾ࡋ࠸ᆅ⌫ࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ㸬ࡕࡻ࠺࡝すᾏᓊࡢୖࢆ㣕ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㢼ᬒࡣ ಙࡌࡽࢀ࡞࠸࡯࡝⨾ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪᏶඲࡞㟼ᐢ㸬ど⏺ࢆ㐽ࡿࡶࡢࡣ୍ษ࡞ࡃ㸪↓

㔜ຊࡢࡓࡵᏱᐂ᭹ࡢឤゐࡍࡽ࡞ࡃ㸪 ⮬ศࡣࡲࡿ࡛⣲ࡗ〄࡛ࡓࡗࡓࡦ࡜ࡾᏱᐂ࡟ᾋ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜

ឤࡌࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ㸬

ࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ㸪✺↛⚾ࡢ୰࡟ࡇࢇ࡞᝿࠸ࡀ‪ࡁୖࡀࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ㸬

ࠗ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚⚾ࡣࡇࡇ࡟࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺㸬࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡇࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇࡔ㸬⚾ࡣ࠸ࡗࡓ

࠸ㄡࡔ㸬ࡑ࠺ࡔ㸪ࡇࡇ࡟࠸ࡿࡢࡣ⚾࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪͆ᡃࠎ͇࡞ࢇࡔ㸬ࡇࢀࡣࡲࡿ࡛ወ㊧ࡌࡷ࡞࠸

࠿㸬⚾ࡣ㸪࠸ࡸ㸪ᡃࠎࡣ㸪௒ࡲࡉ࡟ᆅ⌫࡟⫱ࡲࢀࡓ࿨ࡀ㸪ᆅ⌫ࡢᏊᐑ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀฟࡼ࠺࡜ࡍ

ࡿ㸪ࡑࡢ୍▐࡟❧ࡕ఍ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢇࡔ࠘

ࡇࢇ࡞☜ಙࡀ୍▐ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟⏕ࡲࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ㸬⪃࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪୍▐࡟ὶࢀ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡢ

࡛ࡍ㸬⚾࡜࠸࠺Ꮡᅾࡀ㸪║ୗ࡟ᣑࡀࡿᆅ⌫ࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ⏕࿨࡜῝ࡃࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡔࡅ

࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ᆅ⌫ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡜῝ࡃࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪㢌࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᚰ࡛⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࡓࡢ࡛

ࡍ㸬ࡇࢇ࡞῝࠸㐃ᖏឤࡣ㸪௒ࡲ୍࡛ᗘࡶ࿡ࢃࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࡛ࡋࡓ㸬

ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ࠿ࡽ⚾ࡢୡ⏺ほࡣ኱ࡁࡃኚࢃࡾࡲࡋࡓ㸬ࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪ࡇࡢయ㦂ࡢ๓࡜ᚋ࡛ྠࡌே㛫

࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࡀ㸪ୡ⏺࡟ᑐࡍࡿࡶࡢࡢぢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚࢃࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ㸬ࠖ

ࣛࢵࢭ࣭ࣝࢩࣗ࣡࢖࣮࢝ࢺࡣ㸪ఱࡶࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡢ᫬ࡢ⮬ศࢆࢪ࣮ࣙࢡ஺ࡌࡾ

࡟㸪ࠕࢃࡓࡋࡣᏱᐂ࡛᭱ึࡢኻᴗ⪅ࡔࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ࡜ㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡋࡑࡢࠕኻᴗࠖయ 㦂ࡣᙼࡢୡ⏺࡜ே⏕ࡢぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡯࡝ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞㌿᥮య㦂ࡔࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ㌿᥮Ⅼࢆᙼࡣ㸪 ࠕࡑࢀࡣ㸪㢌࡛⪃࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ឤࡌࡓ㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪⚾ࡢ࠿ࡽࡔࡢ඲࡚ࡢ⣽⬊ࡢ

୰࡟㸪ࡑࢀࡇࡑ୍Ẽ࡟ዑὶࡢࡼ࠺࡟ὶࢀ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ࠕࡇࡇ

࡟࠸ࡿࡢࡣ⚾࡛࠶ࡗ࡚⚾࡛࡞ࡃ㸪║ୗ࡟ᣑࡀࡿᆅ⌫ࡢ඲࡚ࡢ⏕࿨㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫ࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆࡶ

ྵࡵࡓᡃࠎ࡞ࢇࡔࠖ࡜

㸬

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⏕࿨ⓗ㐃㙐ࡸ඲యឤ᝟࣭ឤぬࡣ㸪᐀ᩍయ㦂㸪࡜ࡾࢃࡅࠕ⚄⛎ⓗྜ୍㸦XQLR P\VWLFD㸧ࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚ࡁࡓయ㦂࡜ࡼࡃఝ࡚࠸ࡿ

㸬࢖ࣥࢻࡢࠗ࢘ࣃࢽࢩࣕࢵࢻ࠘ᩥ⊩ࡢ୰࡛

ㄝ࠿ࢀࡿࠕᲙᡃ୍ዴࠖࡢቃᆅࡸ㸪Ᏹᐂࡢ᰿※ⓗ୍⪅࡛࠶ࡿᐦᩍࡢ኱᪥ዴ᮶࡜୍య࡟࡞ࡿࠕᡃ

༶኱᪥ࠖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢ౑⪅࡛࠶ࡿ୙ື᫂⋤࡜୍య࡜࡞ࡿ୕ᐦຍᣢࡢධᡃᡃධࡢయ㦂࡜ࡶ

㸬

ࣛࢵࢭ࣭ࣝࢩࣗ࣡࢖࣮࢝ࢺࡢᏱᐂ㐟Ὃయ㦂ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛᐀ᩍࡢᆅᖹ࡛ㄒࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ᐀ᩍయ

㦂ࡸ⚄⛎య㦂ࡸព㆑ࡢኚᐜ≧ែࢆูࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽぢ┤ࡍどⅬࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪᐀ᩍ య㦂࡜ࡣࠕࡇࡢୡ㸦ࡢ≀⌮≧ែ㸧ࠖ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࠕୡ⏺࣭Ᏹᐂࠖࡢయ㦂࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ど

Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௚⏺ࡸ␗⏺ࡸ㟋⏺㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⚄ࡢᅜ㸪ኳᅜ㸪ᴟᴦίᅵ࡞࡝࡞࡝㸪࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞࿧ࡧ ᪉࡛♧ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ␗ୡ⏺య㦂ࢆᏱᐂయ㦂࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

ࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡣ㸪 ᐀ᩍ◊✲ࢆᏱᐂ◊✲࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚⪃ᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᣢࡘ῝࠸ே

㛫Ꮫⓗព࿡࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ே㛫ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡟ྥ࠿࠾࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ࠸ࡣ㸪ே㛫ࡣ࡞ࡐୡ⏺ࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᤊ࠼ࡿ

ࡢ࠿㸪ୡ⏺࡜ࡣఱ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ၥ࠸࡜┤⤖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢព࿡࡛㸪௒ᚋᏱᐂ

◊✲࡟᐀ᩍᏛࢆྵࡴேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞࡢࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸰㸬᐀ᩍࡢጞࡲࡾ࡜≉ᚩ

ࡉ࡚㸪᐀ᩍ◊✲࡜Ᏹᐂ◊✲ࡢ᥋Ⅼࢆ᥈ࡿ๓࡟㸪ࡲࡎ᐀ᩍࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡿࡢ࠿㸪ࡲࡓ࡝ࡢ

ࡼ࠺࡞≉ᚩࢆᣢࡘ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢணഛⓗ⪃ᐹࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡇ࠺㸬

ࡶࡕࢁࢇ㸪᐀ᩍࡢ㉳※ࡸⓎ⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㈨ᩱࡢ୙㊊ࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇドⓗ࡞◊✲ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶

ࡿࡀ㸪᐀ᩍࡀ㸪ձṚ࡬ࡢᜍᛧ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㸪⏕Ꮡࡢ୙Ᏻ㸪ղᏑᅾ࡬ࡢ⏽ᛧ࣭⏽ᩗ㸪ճ࢔࢖ࢹࣥ

ࢸ࢕ࢸ࢕ࡢᕼồ࡜☜❧㸪մᏳᚰ❧࿨㸦ᚰࡢᖹᏳ࣭ᖹ㟼㸧ࡢ㐩ᡂ㸪յⱞᝎࡢ⦆࿴ࡢ᥈✲㸪նᝏ

ࡸᭀຊࡸ≢⨥ࡸⱞᝎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢព࿡࡙ࡅࡢᚲせ㸪շ㞟ᅋ࣭♫఍ࡢᙉຊ࡞ࡿ⤫ྜࡢᚲせ࡞࡝࡜

ᐦ᥋࡟⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢㅖⅬࡣఱࡽ࠿ࡢᙧ࡛᐀ᩍࡢᡂ❧࡜῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡗ

࡚࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬

ḟ࡟㸪ࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆᣲࡆࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᐀ᩍࡣ⚄ヰ࡜൤♩ࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᣦ᦬ࡍ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬᐀ᩍࡢඹ㏻㡯࡜ࡶศẕ࡜ࡶ㹂㹌㸿࡜ࡶ࿧࡭ࡿࡶࡢ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᐀ᩍ ࡀఱࡽ࠿ࡢ⚄ヰ࡜൤♩ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

⚄ヰ࡜ࡣ㸪ୡ⏺ࡢᡂࡾ❧ࡕࡸẸ᪘ࡸᅜᐙࡢᡂ❧㸪ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡀࡇࡢୡ⏺㸦Ᏹᐂ㸧ࡢ୰࡛㸪࡞

ࡐ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ࠿㸪ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ᮶࡚࡝ࡇ࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ

࠸࡚ࡢ≀ㄒⓗㄝ᫂࡜⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ൤♩ࡣ㸪⚄ヰ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪⚄ヰ࡜㐃ᦠࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪⚄ࡸ㟋

࡞࡝ࡢ㉸㉺ⓗ࡞Ꮡᅾୡ⏺࡜ࡢ᥋ゐࢆᯝࡓࡋ㸪ࡇࡢୡ⏺࡛⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡃάຊࡸ⒵ࡋࢆᚓࡿ㌟యᢏ ἲ࡜⾲⌧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࢃࡓࡋ⮬㌟ࡣࡑࡢ᐀ᩍࢆ㸪 ࠕ⪷࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃࢺࣛࣥࢫ㸦㉸㉺㸧 ᢏ⾡ࡢయ⣔ࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣࡑࡢࠕࢺࣛࣥࢫ㸦㉸㉺㸧ᢏ⾡ࠖ࡜ᐦ᥋࡟ࡘ

࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺㸬

㸱㸬ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᐀ᩍࡢࢱ࢖ࣉᆅ⌫ୖ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᐀ᩍࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㸪⚄ヰ࡜൤♩ࢆඹ㏻せ⣲࡞࠸ࡋ㹂㹌㸿ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣢࡘ᐀ᩍࡣ㸪Ⓨ⏕ࡋ ࡓ᫬௦ࡸᗈࡀࡗࡓᆅᇦࡸෆᐜ࠿ࡽ㸪ཎጞ᐀ᩍ㸪Ẹ᪘࣭ᅜᐙ᐀ᩍ㸪ୡ⏺᐀ᩍ࡞࡝࡜ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ே㢮ࡀ⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓཎึⓗ࡞᐀ᩍᙧែࢆ㸪᳃⨶୓㇟࡟ࡓࡲࡋ࠸ࡢᐟࡾ࡜ࡣ ࡓࡽࡁࢆぢࡿ࢔ࢽ࣑ࢬ࣒㸪ࢩ࣮࣐ࣕࣥ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㟋ⓗ⫋⬟⪅࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪㟋ⓗୡ⏺࡜஺΅ࡋ㸪

♳㢪ࡸ⑓Ẽ἞ࡋࡸணゝ࡞࡝ࢆ⾜࡞࠺᐀ᩍ⌧㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢩ࣮࣐ࣕࢽࢬ࣒㸪≉ᐃࡢື᳜≀࡜⮬ศ ࡓࡕ࡜ࡀ㸪ඛ♽࡜ᏊᏞ࡜ࡍࡿ≉ูࡢ⚄⛎ⓗ࡞⤎ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ಙ௮ࢆᣢࡘࢺ࣮ࢸ࣑ࢬ࣒

࡞࡝࡜ᤊ࠼࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡑࢀࡽࡢཎึⓗ᐀ᩍࡢඹ㏻Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᙉ࠸ࠕ⮬↛ಙ௮㸦⮬↛ᓫᣏ㸧ࠖࡀ

࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡣྂ௦࣓ࢯ࣏ࢱ࣑࢔ࡸ࢚ࢪࣉࢺࡢྂ௦᐀ᩍࡸ࢖ࣥࢻࡢࣄࣥࢻ࣮ࢗᩍࡸ୰ᅜࡢ㐨 ᩍࡸ᪥ᮏࡢ⚄㐨࡞࡝ࡢẸ᪘᐀ᩍⓗ࡞ᛶ᱁ࢆᣢࡘࠕከ⚄ᩍࠖࡢᇶ┙࡜ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࣓ࢯ࣏ࢱ࣑࢔ᩥ᫂࡜࢚ࢪࣉࢺᩥ᫂࡜࠸࠺኱ᩥ᫂ࡢ⊃㛫࡟Ⓩሙࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ၏୍࡞ࡿ⚄

ࢆಙ௮ࡍࡿࠕ୍⚄ᩍࠖࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࡢཎጞ᐀ᩍࡸከ⚄ᩍⓗ࡞ྂ௦᐀ᩍ࡜ࡣ㸪ࡲࡗࡓࡃ␗࡞ࡿ

ಙ௮ᙧែࢆ☜❧ࡋࡓ㸬၏୍⚄ࡢಙ௮࡜അീᓫᣏࡢ⚗Ṇࢆᙉ࠸᥅࡜ࡍࡿࣘࢲࣖᩍ㸪ࡲࡓ㸪ࡑࡢ ⱞ㞴ࡢṔྐࢆ㎺ࡿ࣊ࣈࣛ࢖Ẹ᪘㸦ࣘࢲࣖẸ᪘㸧ࡢಙ௮ࡢ୰࠿ࡽ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࣓ࢩ࢔࣭࢟ࣜࢫ ࢺಙ௮ࢆ᰾࡜ࡍࡿ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ᭱㧗࡟ࡋ࡚᭱ᚋࡢ㡸ゝ⪅࡟ᤵࡅࡽࢀࡓၨ♧ࡢゝⴥ

ࠗࢡࣝ࢔࣮ࣥ࠘ࢆಙ௮ࡢ୰᰾࡜ࡍࡿ࢖ࢫ࣒ࣛࡣ㸪 ከ⚄ᩍ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿಙ௮ཎ⌮ࢆᣢࡘ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪 ࢠࣜࢩ࣭࣮࣐ࣕࣟୡ⏺ࡢဴᏛⓗᛮ⪃࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡁ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ᴟࡵ࡚ᙧ⪋ୖᏛⓗ࡞⚄Ꮫࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋ㸪 ࡑࡢᛮᘚࡣ⛉Ꮫ㸦VFLHQFH㸧ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍཎືຊ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

Ᏹᐂ✵㛫࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓၥ㢟ࡢ୍ࡘࡣ㸪᐀ᩍඹᏑ࡟㛵ࢃࡿၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡍ

࡞ࢃࡕ㸪」ᩘࡢ᐀ᩍࡀඹᏑ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿㸪ᑐ❧࣭ᑐỴ࣭㜚தࡍࡿ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ṕྐࢆ

ぢࢀࡤࢃ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪」㞧࡞せ⣲ࢆྵࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࡶ㸪᐀ᩍࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤඹᏑࡼࡾࡶᑐ❧࣭ᑐỴࡢ 㐨ල࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᑐ❧ࡢ᰿ࡣ῝ࡃ」㞧࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑐ❧ࢆゎࡁ࡯ࡄࡍ ዎᶵ࡜࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࢃࡓࡋࡣ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

㸲㸬๰ୡ⚄ヰ࡜᪥ᮏ⚄ヰ㹼ୡ⏺ࡢጞࡲࡾࡢ≀ㄒⓗㄝ᫂࡜⾲⌧

ୡ⏺ࡢጞࡲࡾࢆ࿌ࡆࡿ๰ୡ⚄ヰ࡟ࡣ㸪ձᏱᐂ㉳※⚄ヰ㸪ղே㢮㉳※⚄ヰ㸪ճᩥ໬㉳※⚄ヰ ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂࡢጞࡲࡾ㸪ே㢮ࡢጞࡲࡾ㸪ᩥ໬ࡢጞࡲࡾࡀㄒࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ே㢮ࡣ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ஦㇟

࡟ྡࢆ௜ࡅ㸪≀ㄒⓗ࡞ㄝ᫂ࢆ⾜࡞࠸㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂࡢ୰ࡢே㛫ࡢ఩⨨࡜ᆅ఩ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ

࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸬⚄ヰ࡜ࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞≀ㄒⓗ⮬ᕫ☜ㄆ࣭⮬ᕫᥐᐃࡢ࠸࡜࡞ࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡇ࡛㸪᪥ᮏ⚄ヰࡢ≉ᚩ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゐࢀ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸㸬୍⚄ᩍಙ௮ࡢඹ㏻ࡢ⪷඾࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠗᪧ⣙

⪷᭩࠘ࡢෑ㢌ࡢࠕ๰ୡグࠖ࡟ࡣ㸪⚄ࡀ㸵᪥㛫࡛ኳᆅࢆ๰㐀ࡍࡿヰࡀㄒࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⚄ࡀࠕග

࠶ࢀࠖ࡜ゝ࠺࡜㸪ගࡀᏑᅾࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ᫬㸪ࠗᪧ⣙⪷᭩࠘ࡢ⚄ࡣ㸪ゝⴥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ୡ⏺ࢆ๰㐀ࡋ ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ከ⚄ᩍࡢ᐀ᩍᩥ໬ࢆᣢࡘ᪥ᮏࡢ⚄ࠎࡣ㸪᪥ᮏิᓥࢆᛶⓗ஺ࢃࡾ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮞ

ࡳ㸪ฟ⏘ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ኳᆅ๰㐀࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࠕᅜ⏕ࡳࠖࡢ⚄ヰࡀㄒࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑ ࡋ࡚ྠ᫬࡟ࡲࡓ㸪㢼ࡢ⚄ࡸⅆࡢ⚄࡞࡝ከࡃࡢ⚄ࠎࡶࡇࡢ♽⚄㸦ぶ⚄㸧࠿ࡽฟ⏘ࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡘࡲ

ࡾ㸪⚄ࡢ㌟య࠿ࡽᓥࠎࡸ⮬↛ࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺≀ㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⚄ヰࡣୡ⏺ࡢጞࡲࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡉ

ࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ≀ㄒⓗ࡞ㄝ᫂ࢆຍ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ๰ᡂ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪ࣅࢵࢢࣂ

ࣥ௬ㄝࡸ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞௬ㄝࡀ࠶ࡿ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞௬ㄝ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ≀ㄒⓗ᝿ീຊࡢⓎ⌧࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࢼࣛ

ࢸ࢕ࣈ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀ㸪ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕ࢵࢡ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀ㸪ࡑࡇ࡟⣡ᚓࡢ࠸ࡃㄝ᫂ࢆồࡵ࡚ࡁࡓ ࡢࡀே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ኚࢃࡾࡣ࡞࠸㸬

㸳㸬᐀ᩍࡣ༴ᶵࡸࣜࢫࢡ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᑐฎࡋࡓ࠿㸽

ࡇࡢᏱᐂ࡟ࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⌧㇟ࡀ⏕㉳ࡍࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ୰࡛㸪ே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱ኚ࡞༴ᶵⓗ⌧㇟ࡀ

⏕㉳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡋࡤࡋࡤ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ᫬㸪᐀ᩍࡣ༴ᶵࡸࣜࢫࢡࢆゎ㝖ࡍࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ᪉⟇ࢆ⦅ࡳฟ ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡑࢀࡀࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞൤♩ࡸᩆ῭⚄ヰ㸦ᩆ῭≀ㄒ㸧ࡸಙ௮ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓ㸬

ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓほⅬ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜㸪᪥ᮏ⚄ヰ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⚍ࡾࠖࡢⓎ⏕ࡢ≀ㄒࡣ㸪᪥ᮏᘧࡢ᐀ᩍⓗ༴

ᶵ⟶⌮᪉ᘧ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡶࡢࡔ㸬ࡑࡢ༴ᶵ࡜ࡑࡢᅇ㑊࣭ゎỴࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟⏕㉳ࡍࡿ㸬

ձ ࢫࢧࣀ࢜࡜࠸࠺⚄ࡀ஘ᭀ⊋⸘ࢆࡣࡓࡽ࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ኴ㝧ࡢዪ⚄࢔࣐ࢸࣛࢫࡀࠕኳ ࡢᒾᡞࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ὕ❍࡟⡲ࡿ㸬

ղ ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ୡ⏺ࡣᬯ㯮࡟࡞ࡾ㸪ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⅏࠸ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾ㸪ࣃࢽࢵࢡ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬 ճ ࡑࡢ༴ᶵࢆ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪⚄ࠎࡀ┦ㄯࡋ࡚㸪ࠕ⚍ࡾࠖࢆ⾜࡞࠺㸬

մ ࡑࡢࠕ⚍ࡾࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ኴ㝧ࡢዪ⚄ࡣ෌ฟ⌧ࡋ㸪ୡ⏺࡟ග࡜➗࠸࡜⛛ᗎࡀᡠࡿ

㸬

ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ୡ⏺ࡢṚ࡜෌⏕ࡢ≀ㄒ㸪༴ᶵ࡜༴ᶵ⬺ฟࡢ≀ㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ࡞ࡀࢀࢆ㉳

ᢎ㌿⤖࡟㸲ẁ㝵࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ࡳࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛㔜せ࡞Ⅼࡣ㸪ୡ⏺ࡢ༴ᶵࢆゎỴࡍࡿ༴ᶵ⬺ฟ᪉ἲ ࡀࠕ⚍ࡾࠖ 㸦൤♩㸧ࡔࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ⚍ࡾ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪 ࠕ➗࠸ࠖࡀ㔜せ࡞ゎ Ỵࡢࡋࡿࡋ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓ࠸㸬ࡑࢀࡣ㸪➗࠸ࡸ࣮ࣘࣔ࢔ࡀୡ⏺ࡸே㛫ࢆ෌⏕ࡉࡏ㸪 άຊࢆ୚࠼ࡿຊࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ⚄ヰⓗ≀ㄒ࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸴㸬Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸᐀ᩍឤぬ࣭᐀ᩍព㆑࣭᐀ᩍᛶ࣭᐀ᩍᙧែࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍ࠿㸽

᐀ᩍ࡜ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢᆅ⌫ୖ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓே㢮ࡀᣢࡘୡ⏺ࡢᤊ࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⏕ࡁ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ඛ࡟

ᑡࡋ♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪⚄ヰࡸ൤♩ࢆྵࡵ࡚㸪ࡑࡢᤊ࠼᪉㸪⏕ࡁ᪉࡟ࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞✀㢮ࡸᵝ┦ࡸ

ࢱ࢖ࣉࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽᮍ᮶࡟㸪ᆅ⌫ᅪ௨እࡢᏱᐂᅾయ㦂ࡀே㛫ࡢព㆑࡜㌟య࡟኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ ࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࡑࡢ᫬㸪᐀ᩍࡶ᪂ࡓ࡞ኚㇺࢆ㐙ࡆࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿㸽

ࢃࡓࡋࡣ㸪ࡶࡕࢁࢇኚㇺࢆ㐙ࡆࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡔࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ኚㇺࢆ㐙ࡆࡿ࠿ࢆண ࡍ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠕࢲ࣮ࢡ࣐ࢱ࣮ࠖࡸࠕࢲ࣮ࢡ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ

࣮ࠖࡸᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡢᬯ㯮ࡢ῝ῡࡣ㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᐀ᩍព㆑ࡸ᐀ᩍឤぬࡸᏑᅾㄽⓗᛮ⣴࡟኱

ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᬯ㯮㸪㜌㸪Ꮡᅾࡢ῝ῡ㸪⏕࡜Ṛ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡀࡶࡗ࡜

῝࠸ᏑᅾㄽⓗὝᐹࢆᑟࡃࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࡇࡢᮍ᮶ࡢᏱᐂయ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ே㢮ࡣ⛉Ꮫⓗㄝ᫂㸦ྜ⌮ⓗ࡟⣡ᚓࡢ࡛ࡁࡿヰ㸧ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪

≀ㄒⓗㄝ᫂㸦リࡸᑠㄝࡸ㡢ᴦࡸᫎ⏬ࡸ₇๻ࡸ⯙㋀࡞࡝ࡢⱁ⾡ⓗ⾲⌧㸧ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿

࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪ࡶࡕࢁࢇᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࢃࡓࡋࡣᛮ࠺㸬௒ࡶ㹑㹄ᑠㄝࡸㅖ✀ࡢᏱᐂ≀ㄒࡸࣇ࢓ࣥ

ࢱࢪ࣮ࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸬

ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞≀ㄒⓗㄝ᫂ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪂ࡋ࠸≀ㄒࢆ

⏕ࡳฟࡍࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ࡑࡋ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ᫬௦ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸᐀ᩍ࡜ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ࡑ

ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸Ᏹᐂ᐀ᩍࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡶ㸪 Ᏹᐂ᐀ᩍᏛࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬

㸵㸬᐀ᩍࡢၥ㢟Ⅼ࡜ྍ⬟ᛶ㸪ࡑࡇ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⚄㐨࡜௖ᩍࡀඹᏑࡍࡿ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢᙺ๭࡜ຊ Ᏹᐂ✵㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᐀ᩍࡀࠕᑐ❧࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪 ࠕᑐ࿴ࠖ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿㸪Ᏹᐂ࡞࡝ᮍ▱ࡢ኱࠸࡞

ࡿᏑᅾ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⏽ᛧ࣭⏽ᩗࡢᛕࡀᐶᐜࡸ⒵ࡋࢆ⏕ࡴཎືຊ࡜࡞ࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ࢃࡓࡋࡣ኱

࠸࡟ᮇᚅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣே㢮࡟㸪ᆅ⌫ࡸ⏕࿨࡟ᑐࡍࡿ཯↷ⓗ࡞ឡࢆ⫱ࡳ㸪ࡑࢀࡀ᐀ᩍ ព㆑࡟ᐶᐜࡉࡸ῝࠸ཷᐜᛶࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡑࡢ㝿㸪Ᏹᐂ᫬௦࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ඵⓒ୓ࡢ⚄ࠎࡢほᛕࡸಙ௮ࢆᣢࡘ⚄㐨ࡸ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡟࠾ࡅࡿⱁ

⬟ࡸⱁ⾡ࡣ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࠺ࡿ࠿㸽 ⮬↛ࡸ୓≀࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⧄⣽࡛ៅࡳ῝࠸⏽ᛧ࣭

⏽ᩗࡢᛕࢆ᰾࡜ࡍࡿ⚄㐨ࡸ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡣ㸪᐀ᩍ㛫ࡢࠕࡢࡾࡋࢁࠖ㸪࡞࠸ࡋࠕࡘ࡞ࡂࠖࢆᯝࡓࡋ

࠺ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡿ

㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪୍᪉㸪᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡟ࡣ௖ᩍࡢ㛗࠸ఏ⤫ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬⚙ࡸᐦᩍ▂᝿࡞࡝ࡢ⇍㐩ࡋࡓࠕᚰࡢ⤫

ᚚἲࠖࢆᣢࡕ㸪 ࠕ୍༶ከࠖ 㸦඲య࡜ಶ㸪୍࡜ከࡀ୙ྍศ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕ㸧࡜࠸࠺ᛮ᝿ࢆᣢࡘ

௖ᩍࡣ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙺ๭࡜ຊ࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿ࠿㸽 ࡑࢀࡣ㸪⚄㐨࡜ᡭࢆᦠ࠼㸪⚄௖⩦ྜࡢᩥ໬ࢆ

⫼ᬒ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪᐀ᩍඹᏑࡸᑐヰࡸᐶᐜࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࠕࡢࡾࡋࢁࠖࡸࠕࡘ࡞ࡂࠖࡢຊ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜☜ಙ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

⚄㐨ᛮ᝿ࡢ୰࡟㸪ࠕ୓ᩍྠ᰿ࠖ࡜࠿ࠕ୓ᩍᖐ୍ࠖ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᐀

ᩍࡣࡑࡢ᰿ࢆྠࡌࡃࡋ㸪᰿※ⓗ࡞୍⪅࡟ᖐ୍ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᛮ᝿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࢆࡓ࡜࠼ࡿࡢ࡟㸪 ᒣࡢ㡬Ⅼ࡟Ⓩࡿࡢ࡟࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢⓏࡾ㐨ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㡬ୖ࡟╔ࡅࡤ୍ྠࡀฟ఍࠺࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸᪉ࡀ

࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋࡶ࠺୍ࡘ㸪ኳ࠿ࡽ㝆ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚㸪ᒣ࠿ࡽᕝ࡟ὶࢀ㎸ࢇࡔᕝࡣࡍ࡭࡚ᾏࡢ୰୍࡛ࡘ

࡟⁐ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ゝ࠸᪉ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄝ᫂ࢆᑠㄝᐙࡢ㐲⸨࿘సࡀ㑇సࠗ῝࠸Ἑ࠘ࡢ୰

࡛⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢃࡓࡋࡣ㸪ᒣࡢ㡬ୖࢆᴟࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡼࡾࡶ㸪ኳ࠿ࡽ㝆ࡾ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢࡀ ᾏ୍࡛ࡘ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡟ࡼࡾᙉ࠸῝࠸ඹឤࢆᢪࡃ㸬࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ㸪๓⪅ࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡛ࡣᒣ 㡬࡟Ⓩࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ᫬࡟➇தࡀ⏕ࡌ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ᡓ࠸ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀྰᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⤫

ྜ࡜⤫୍࡜ࡣ㸪௚⪅ࡢྰᐃ࡜◚ቯࡢୖ࡛ᡂࡾ❧ࡘ࡜࠸࠺ぢ᪉ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ㸬

ࡔࡀ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡢỈࡀᒣࡸ㇂࠿ࡽὶࢀ㎸ࢇ࡛ᾏ୍࡛ࡘ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡣ㸪ᑐ❧࡜㜚த࡛

ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ฟ㐂࠸࡜⼥ྜࡢ኱ࡽ࠿ࡉࡀᚅࡕཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬๓⪅࡟ࡣ⥭ᙇ࡜㧗ࡳࡀ㸪ᚋ⪅࡟ࡣࣜࣛ

ࢵࢡࢫ࡜ᖐ㑏࡜పࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ⪅ⓗ࡞ே㢮ඹᏑࡸ⏕࿨ඹ⏕ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁࡔ࡜࠸

࠺ࡢࡀࢃࡓࡋࡢ⪃࠼࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸶㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟

᐀ᩍࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࠿ࡂࡾ⥆ࡃࡔࢁ࠺㸬࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽே㢮ࡣᮍ▱࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡬ࡢ⏽ᛧ࡜㨩ᝨ

࡜⯆࿡ࢆឤཷࡍࡿᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⮬↛⅏ᐖࡸᡓத࡞࡝ࡢ◚ᒁⓗ࡞༴ᶵⓗ஦ែ࡟࠾࠸

࡚ࡶࡑࡢ༴ᶵࡢゎ㔘ࡸᅇ㑊ἲࢆࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᙧ࡛ᒎ㛤ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡀ㸪᐀ᩍࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ே㢮ྐⓗ

ࣜࢫࢡ⟶⌮ࡢ᪉ᘧ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ㸬

࡜ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ே㢮ࡀᆅ⌫ᅪ௨እࡢᏱᐂ✵㛫࡜࠸࠺ᮍ▱࡞ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟⛣ఫࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ࡑࡢ༴ᶵ

ࢆྵࡵࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᆅ⌫ୖ࡛ࡢ᐀ᩍ࡜ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃ␗࡞ࡿ᐀ᩍࢆ⏕ࡳࡔࡍ

ྍ⬟ᛶࡣ㧗࠸㸬࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࡣᮍ▱࡛࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ே㢮ࡢ⏕Ꮡࡢࣜࢫࢡࡀࡣࡿ

࠿࡟㧗ࡲࡿሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⏽ᛧ࡜῝㐲ࢆᇉ㛫ぢࡿᶵ఍࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ㸪ࡑࡢ⏽ᛧ

࡜㨩ᝨ࡟‶ࡕࡓୡ⏺ࢆ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡍࡿࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪 ≀ㄒⓗ࡟ゎ㔘ࡋ⌮ゎࡋ⾲⌧ࡍࡿࡇ

࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢ⌧ᐇࡢከᒙⓗ࡞ᒁ㠃࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬

ࢃࡓࡋ⮬㌟ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎఱࡼࡾࡶᏱᐂ✵㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㌟యࡢኚᐜ࡟㛵ᚰࢆᢪ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ㌟య ኚᐜࡀᚰࡸព㆑࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㅖ ၥ㢟࡟ࡶᙉ࠸㛵ᚰࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

Ᏹᐂ✵㛫㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ௚ࡢᝨᫍ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ே㢮ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ᏹᐂᚰ࡜Ᏹᐂ㌟ࢆᣢࡘ࡟⮳ࡿࡢ

࠿㸽 Ᏹᐂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿព㆑࡜↓ព㆑㸦ぬ㓰㸪ክ㸪╧╀㸧㸪␗㔜ຊၥ㢟㸦↓㔜㔞㸪ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ࡞࡝㸧㸪 Ᏹᐂ㣗㸪Ᏹᐂ᤼౽㸪Ᏹᐂࢭࢵࢡࢫ㸦Ᏹᐂ⏕Ṫ㹼Ᏹᐂ✵㛫࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ࢭࢵࢡࢫ㸪ዷፎ㸪 ฟ⏘㸪Ꮚ⫱࡚ࡣྍ⬟࡞ࡢ࠿㸽㸧㸪Ᏹᐂᐙ᪘㸪Ᏹᐂࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕㸦Ᏹᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮㸽㸧㸪Ᏹᐂⱁ⾡࣭

Ᏹᐂ㐟ᡙࡢྍ⬟ᛶ㸦஧㊊Ṍ⾜ᵝᘧ࠿ࡽࡢ㞳⬺㸧 㸪ᆅ⌫࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᴟ㝈ⓗయ㦂ࡀᣢࡘព࿡࡜

ᙳ㡪㸪↓㓟⣲≧ែ㸪↓㔜㔞≧ែ㸪↓Ỉ࣭↓᳜≀࣭↓⏕≀≧ែࡢ୰ࡢே㛫ࡢᚰ࡜㌟య㸪Ᏹᐂឤ ぬࡢᙧᡂ࣭☜❧࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛ࡢ᐀ᩍⓗಟ⾜㸦᩿㣗࣭᩿Ỉ࣭୙╀࣭୙⮩࣭┿ゝ⤒඾ㄞㄙ㸪

ྛ✀▂᝿࡞࡝㸧ࡀᐤ୚࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ឤぬୡ⏺ࡢ⦎☻࡜㐍໬㸦Ᏹᐂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿே㢮ࡢ₯ᅾ

⬟ຊ㛤Ⓨ㸧㸪Ᏹᐂ᐀ᩍᏛ㸪Ᏹᐂᩥ໬Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂᚰ⌮Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ⨾Ꮫ࣭ⱁ⾡Ꮫࡢ◊✲ࡢᚲせᛶ㸦ே

㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡟㐍ฟࡍࡿ┠ⓗࡸព࿡ࢆྵࡵ࡚㸧࡞࡝࡞࡝㸬

ࡑࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡸཧ⪃஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫ୖࡢ᐀ᩍᩥ໬࠿ࡽࣄࣥࢺࢆ᥈ࡗ࡚ࡳࡿ◊✲

ࡶᚲせࡔࢁ࠺㸬Ᏹᐂ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ᐀ᩍᩥ໬࡜࠸࠺ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᙺ❧

ࡘࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ᙺ❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ࡲࡓࡑࡢ཯ᑐ࡟㸪 ᪤Ꮡࡢ᐀ᩍᩥ໬ࡀ࡝ࢇ

࡞ࢺࣛࣈࣝࡸၥ㢟ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ᆅ⌫ࡢ᐀ᩍᩥ໬࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂయ㦂ࡸᏱᐂ⏕ά ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࡸኚ໬ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࠿㸪࡞࡝࡞࡝ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ౯್ࡀ࠶ࡿ

ࡔࢁ࠺㸬

᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ࢃࡓࡋࡣ㸪⚄㐨ࡸ௖ᩍࡸ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡀࠕ᐀ᩍ㛫ࡢࡾࡋࢁࠖࡸࠕࡘ࡞ࡂࠖࡢࠕຊ࡜࡞

ࡾᚓࡿࠖ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ୍ࡘࡢ๰సᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚㸪 ᖺ㸴᭶㸵᪥ࡢࠕᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂ

఍㆟ࠖࡢබ㛤ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢෑ㢌࡛㸪ࠕ⬟⯙࣭Ᏹᐂࠖࢆ≀ㄒⓗ࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ⾲⌧ࡋࡓ

㸬

ὀ

㻝䝷䝑䝉䝹䞉䝅䝳䝽䜲䜹䞊䝖䠖㻝㻥㻟㻡 ᖺ䝙䝳䞊䝆䝱䞊䝆䞊ᕞ⏕䜎䜜䠊㻡㻢 ᖺ䝬䝃䝏䝳䞊䝉䝑䝒ᕞ❧ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ༞ᴗ䠊㻢㻟 ᖺྠ㻌 ಟኈㄢ⛬⤊஢䠊㻡㻢 ᖺ䛛䜙 㻢㻥 ᖺ䜎䛷ྜ⾗ᅜ✵㌷䛚䜘䜃䝬䝃䝏䝳䞊䝉䝑䝒ᅜᐙᏳ඲✵㌷䛾ᡓ㜚ᶵ䛾䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䜢ົ

䜑䜛䠊㻢㻟 ᖺ䜘䜚 㻺㻭㻿㻭 䛷カ⦎䜢ཷ䛡䠈㻢㻥 ᖺ 㻟 ᭶䛻䜰䝫䝻 㻥 ྕ䛾䝟䜲䝻䝑䝖䛸䛧䛶Ᏹᐂ✵㛫䛷 㻝㻜 ᪥㛫㐣䛤䛩䠊䛭䛾 ᚋ䠈䝇䜹䜲䝷䝤ィ⏬䛾ᚋ᪉ྖ௧ᐁ䠈㻺㻭㻿㻭 ΅እ㒊㛗䜢ົ䜑䜛䠊㻣㻣 ᖺ䛛䜙䜹䝸䝣䜷䝹䝙䜰ᕞ▱஦䛾䝇䝍䝑䝣䛸䛧䛶⛉

Ꮫᢏ⾡䛻㛵䛧䛶⿵బ䠊㻣㻥 ᖺ䛛䜙 㻡 ᖺ༙䠈䜹䝸䝣䜷䝹䝙䜰ᕞ䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ጤဨ఍䛾䝁䝭䝑䝅䝵䝘䞊䛻௵࿨䛥䜜䠈ෆ 㻟 ᖺ 䛿ጤဨ㛗䜢ົ䜑䛯䠊㻤㻣 ᖺ䛛䜙ྜ⾗ᅜ༡ᴟᑐ⟇ጤဨ఍ጤဨ㛗䠈䝽䝅䞁䝖䞁ᕞᅜ❧⛉Ꮫᇶ㔠㆟㛗䜢ົ䜑䛯䠊㻤㻤 ᖺ䠈 㻤㻡 ᖺ䛻๰タ䛧䛯Ᏹᐂ᥈᳨ᐙ༠఍䠄㻭㻿㻱䠅䜘䜚䛄㼀㻴㻱㻌㻴㻻㻹㻱㻌㻼㻸㻭㻺㻱㼀㻛ᆅ⌫䞉ẕ䛺䜛ᫍ䛅䛜 㻝㻜 䞄ᅜ䛷ྠ᫬Ⓨ኎䛸䛺䜚䠈 䝧䝇䝖䝉䝷䞊䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊㻝㻥㻢㻥 ᖺ 㻺㻭㻿㻭 ≉ูຌປ㈹䠈䝔䝺䝡ⱁ⾡䜰䜹䝕䝭䞊㈹䠈⛉Ꮫ≉ู㈹䠈㻝㻥㻣㻜 ᖺᏱᐂ㐃┕㈹䠈 㻝㻥㻣㻟 ᖺ 㻺㻭㻿㻭 ≉ู㈹䠊䜎䛯䠈❧ⰼ㝯䛄Ᏹᐂ䛛䜙䛾ᖐ㑏䛅䠄୰ኸබㄽ♫䠈䠍䠕䠔䠏ᖺ䠅ཧ↷䠊䝷䝑䝉䝹䞉䝅䝳䝽䜲䜹䞊䝖䛿 ඛ䛾䜲䞁䝍䝡䝳䞊䛻䛚䛔䛶䠈䛥䜙䛻ḟ䛾䜘䛖䛻䜒㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䠊䛂ே㛫䛷䛒䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛿䠈䝔䜽䝜䝻䝆䞊䛸⤖፧䛧䛯䜘䛖䛺 䜒䛾䛰䛸⚾䛿ᛮ䛔䜎䛩䠊䛭䜜䛿䠈ே㛫䛸䛔䛖✀䛾ᣢ䛴⊂≉䛾ಶᛶ䛷䛒䜚䠈⮬↛䛺䛣䛸䛺䛾䛷䛩䠊䛰䛛䜙䠈䝔䜽䝜䝻䝆 䞊䛾㐍Ṍ䜢ྰᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿㛫㐪䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈୍᪉䠈䝔䜽䝜䝻䝆䞊䜢䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻౑䛔䠈䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺᪉ྥ䛻㐍䜑䜛 䛛䛿䠈ᡃ䚻䛾౯್ほ䛻ᣐ䜛䜣䛷䛩䠊䛭䜜䜒䠈⾲㠃ⓗ䛺ព㆑䛜ಙ䛨䛶䛔䜛౯್ほ䜘䜚䜒䠈₯ᅾព㆑䛾୰䛷ᣢ䛳䛶䛔 䜛౯್ほ䛾䜋䛖䛜䜘䜚኱ษ䛺䜣䛷䛩䠊䠋䜒䛧ᡃ䚻䛜䝔䜽䝜䝻䝆䞊䜢䠈௒䛾≀ḧ䛻䜘䜛౯್ほ䛾䜒䛸䛷㐍໬䛥䛫⥆䛡䜛 䛺䜙䠈⮬↛⎔ቃ䜢◚ቯ䛧⥆䛡䜛䛣䛸䛻䛺䜛䛷䛧䜗䛖䠊ᡃ䚻䛿ᐩ䜔ᶒຊ䛾⵳✚䜘䜚䜒䠈⮬ศ䛾୍㒊䛷䜒䛒䜛⮬↛⎔ቃ䜢 Ᏺ䜛䛣䛸䛾䜋䛖䛜䠈䛪䛳䛸኱ษ䛺䜣䛰䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛻Ẽ䛵䛛䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜚䜎䛫䜣䠊䜒䛧ᡃ䚻䛜䛣䛾౯್ほ䛾ኚ໬䜢㐙䛢 䛺䛔䛺䜙䜀䠈ᡃ䚻⮬㌟䛾ᮍ᮶䜢◚ቯ䛩䜛䛰䛡䛷䛺䛟䠈䛣䛾ᫍ䛩䜉䛶䛾⏕࿨䜢◚ቯ䛥䛫䛶䛧䜎䛖䛣䛸䛻䜒䛺䜛䠊ே㛫 䛿䛭䜜䛰䛡䛾ຊ䜢ᣢ䛳䛶䛧䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛䜣䛷䛩䠊䛃䠈䛂⚾䛻䛸䛳䛶䠈ᆅ⌫䛾⎔ቃ䜢Ᏺ䜝䛖䛸䛩䜛䛣䛸䛸䠈Ⳙ኱䛺䛚㔠䜢౑

䛳䛶Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿䠈ᑐ❧䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛹䛣䜝䛛䠈῝䛟䜐䛩䜃䛴䛔䛶䛔䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䠊ᆅ⌫ୖ䛾⏕࿨䛜Ᏹᐂ 䛻ฟ䛶䛔䛟䛸䛔䛖䛾䛿䠈䛔䜟䜀⏕࿨㐍໬䛾㔜せ䛺୍㒊ศ䛰䛸ᛮ䛖䜣䛷䛩䠊䠋䜒䛧䠈䛣䛾ᆅ⌫䜢ᮏᙜ䛻⏕䛝䛶䛔䜛⏕

࿨య䛰䛸䛩䜛䛺䜙䠈ᏊᏞ䜢స䜛䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䜒ᚲ䛪㉳䛣䜛䛿䛪䛷䛩䠊䛭䛖䛔䛖ព࿡䛷䠈ᡃ䚻䛾ẕ䛺䜛ᆅ⌫䛿䛔䜎ዷፎ 㻤 䡚㻥 䞄᭶䛾య䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛸ゝ䛘䜎䛩䠊Ꮚᐑ䛾୰䛷⫱䜎䜜䛶䛝䛯ᡃ䚻ே㛫䛿䠈௒䜔ㄌ⏕㛫㝿䜎䛷ᡂ㛗䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䠊

⏕䛝䜛䛾䛻ᚲせ䛺ᰤ㣴ศ䜒䛹䜣䛹䜣ቑຍ䛩䜛䛧䠈᤼ἥ≀䜒ᛴ䜹䞊䝤䛷ቑ䛘䛶䛔䜎䛩䠊䛭䛧䛶ዷፎ 㻥 䞄᭶䛻䜒䛺䜛䛸䠈 䜒䛖䛩䜉䛶䛾᮲௳䛜௒䜔Ꮚᐑ䛾እ䛻⏕䜎䜜ฟ䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛸䛝䛻䛝䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䛩䠊䠋䜒䛖୍䛴ู䛾ぢ᪉䜢䛩 䜛䛺䜙䠈Ꮚᐑ䛾୰䛾㉥䛱䜓䜣䛸ẕぶ䛾㛵ಀ䛿䠈᭱ึ䛿ẕぶ䛛䜙㉥䛱䜓䜣䛻୍᪉ⓗ䛻⏕䛝䜛ຊ䛜୚䛘䜙䜜䜛䛸䛔䛖䜒 䛾䛷䛩䠊䛸䛣䜝䛜ㄌ⏕䛾ᚋ䛿䠈䛭䛾㛵ಀ䛜཮᪉ྥ䛻ኚ䜟䛳䛶䛟䜛䛾䛷䛩䠊䛭䛣䛛䜙཮᪉ྥ䛾ឡ䛜ⱆ⏕䛘䠈㈐௵ឤ䜒

⏕䜎䜜䛶䛟䜛䛾䛷䛩䠊䛰䛛䜙Ꮚᐑ䛾እ䜈ฟ䜛䛣䛸䜢ᜍ䜜䛶䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䜣䛷䛩䠊䠋㉥䛱䜓䜣䛜⏕䜎䜜䜛䛾䜢ᛧ䛜䛳䛶䠈 Ꮚᐑ䛾୰䛻 㻝㻝 䞄᭶䠈㻝㻞 䞄᭶䛸䛧䛜䜏䛴䛔䛯䜎䜎䛷䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢᝿ീ䛧䛶䜏䛶䛟䛰䛥䛔䠊䛣䜜䛿䜂䛹䛔䛣䛸䛻䛺䛳䛶䛧䜎 䛖䠊䛚ẕ䛥䜣䜒㉥䛱䜓䜣䜒Ṛ䜣䛷䛧䜎䛖䛣䛸䛻䛺䜚䛛䛽䛺䛔䠊䠋䛣䛾䝥䝻䝉䝇䜢⪃䛘䛶䜏䜛䛸䠈䛣䛾ᆅ⌫䛻⏕䛝䛸䛧⏕

䛡䜛ᡃ䚻䛩䜉䛶䛾䜒䛾䛜䠈௒䜎䛥䛻䇾䝁䝈䝭䝑䜽䞉䝞䞊䝇䇿Ᏹᐂⓗㄌ⏕䛾᫬௦䛻䛥䛧䛛䛛䛳䛶䛔䜛䜣䛰䛸ᛮ䛖䛾䛷 䛩䠊䛃䛸䠊㻌

㻞㻌䜴䜱䝸䜰䝮䞉䝆䜵䜲䝮䝈䛄᐀ᩍⓗ⤒㦂䛾ㅖ┦䛅ᒾἼᩥᗜ䠈䠍䠕䠒䠕ᖺ㻌

㻟㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⚄⏺䛾䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗䝽䞊䜽䇷䇷㟋Ꮫ䛸Ẹ಑Ꮫ䛾⏕ᡂ䛅㟷ᘪ♫䠈䠍䠕䠔䠑ᖺ㻌

㻠㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄㉸ヂ㻌 ྂ஦グ䛅䝭䝅䝬♫䠈䠎䠌䠌䠕ᖺ㻌

㻡㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⚄䛸௖䛾ฟ㐂䛖ᅜ䛅ゅᕝ㑅᭩䠈ゅᕝᏛⱁฟ∧䠈䠎䠌䠌䠕ᖺ䠈㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⌧௦⚄㐨ㄽ䇷䇷㟋ᛶ䛸⏕ែᬛ䛾᥈㻌 㻌 ✲䛅᫓⛅♫䠈䠎䠌䠍䠍ᖺ䠈ཧ↷䠊㻌

㻢㻶㻭㼄㻭 䛾䜴䜵䝤䝃䜲䝖䛷බ㛤㻌 㻌

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩䠖㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⚄⏺䛾䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗䝽䞊䜽䇷䇷㟋Ꮫ䛸Ẹ಑Ꮫ䛾⏕ᡂ䛅䠄๰ᯘ♫䠈㻝㻥㻤㻡 ᖺ䠈㟷ᘪ♫䠈㻝㻥㻤㻣 ᖺ䠈䛱䛟䜎Ꮫⱁᩥ㻌 ᗜ㻘㻝㻥㻥㻥 ᖺ䠅㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⩝❺ㄽ䇷䇷Ꮚ䛹䜒䛸⪁ே䛾⢭⚄ㄅ䛅᪂᭙♫䠈㻝㻥㻤㻤 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⪁䛔䛸Ṛ䛾䝣䜷䞊䜽䝻䜰䇷䇷⩝❺ㄽ䊡䛅᪂᭙♫䠈㻝㻥㻥㻜 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄ሙᡤ䛾グ᠈䛅ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ䠈㻝㻥㻥㻜 ᖺ䠄ᚋ䛻䠈䛄⪷䛺䜛ሙᡤ䛾グ᠈䛅䛸ᨵ㢟䛧䛶ㅮㄯ♫ᩥᗜ䠈ㅮㄯ♫䠈㻝㻥㻥㻢 ᖺ䠅㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄㌟య䛾Ᏹᐂㄅ䛅ㅮㄯ♫Ꮫ⾡ᩥᗜ䠈ㅮㄯ♫䠈㻝㻥㻥㻠 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䞉ὠᮧႛ⦅䛄ኳἙ᭭㝀⨶䇷䇷㉸᐀ᩍ䜈䛾Ỉ㊰䛅᫓⛅♫䠈㻝㻥㻥㻠 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⪷ᆅ䜈䛾᪑䇷䇷⢭⚄ᆅ⌮Ꮫ஦ጞ䛅㟷ᘪ♫䠈㻝㻥㻥㻥 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⪷ᆅឤぬ䛅ゅᕝᏛⱁฟ∧䠈㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ㻌

⣽㔝ᬕ⮧䞉㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⚄ᴦឤぬ䛅సရ♫䠈㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ㻌

Ἑྜಇ㞝䞉㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄ி㒔䛂⒵䛧䛾㐨䛃᱌ෆ䛅䠄ᮅ᪥᪂᭩䠅ᮅ᪥᪂⪺ฟ∧䠈㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⚄䛸௖䛾ฟ㐂䛖ᅜ䛅䠄ゅᕝ㑅᭩䠅ゅᕝᏛⱁฟ∧䠈㻞㻜㻜㻥 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄㉸ヂ㻌 ྂ஦グ䛅䝭䝅䝬♫䠈㻞㻜㻜㻥 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧⦅䛄䝰䝜Ꮫ䛾ෑ㝤䛅๰ඖ♫䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧⦅䛄ᖹᏳி䛾䝁䝇䝰䝻䝆䞊䛅๰ඖ♫䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄㟋ᛶ䛾ᩥᏛ㻌 ゝ㟋䛾ຊ䛅ゅᕝ䝋䝣䜱䜰ᩥᗜ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄㟋ᛶ䛾ᩥᏛ㻌 㟋ⓗே㛫䛅ゅᕝ䝋䝣䜱䜰ᩥᗜ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䞉㏆⸨㧗ᘯ䛄ⅆ䞉Ỉ䠄㻷㻭㻹㻵䠅䇷䇷᪂䛧䛔Ṛ⏕Ꮫ䜈䛾ᣮᡓ䛅᫭ὒ᭩ᡣ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧⦅䛄䝰䝜Ꮫ䞉ឤぬ౯್ㄽ䛅᫭ὒ᭩ᡣ䠈㻞㻜㻝㻜 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧䞉୍᮲┿ஓ䛄‶᭶஺ឤ䇷䇷䝮䞊䞁䝃䝹䝖䝺䝍䞊䛅ୖୗᕳ䠈Ỉ᭙♫䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⌧௦⚄㐨ㄽ䇷䇷㟋ᛶ䛸⏕ែᬛ䛾᥈✲䛅᫓⛅♫䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺ㻌

㙊⏣ᮾ஧⦅䛄㐲㔝≀ㄒ䛸※Ặ≀ㄒ䇷䇷≀ㄒ䛾Ⓨ⏕䛩䜛ሙᡤ䛸䛣䛣䜝䛅๰ඖ♫䠈㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺ㻌 㙊⏣ᮾ஧䜸䝣䜱䝅䝱䝹䝃䜲䝖䠖㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼔㼛㼙㼑㼜㼍㼓㼑㻞㻚㼚㼕㼒㼠㼥㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㼙㼛㼛㼚㻞㻝㻛㻌

䠪䠬䠫ἲேᮾி⮬⏤኱Ꮫ䠄㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼔㼛㼙㼑㼜㼍㼓㼑㻞㻚㼚㼕㼒㼠㼥㻚㼏㼛㼙㻛㼖㼕㼥㼡㼐㼍㼕㼓㼍㼗㼡㻛䠅䜢ኳᩥᏛ⪅ᾏ㔝࿴୕㑻Ặ䠄ᮾி኱Ꮫྡ㄃ᩍ

ᤵ䞉㻺㻼㻻 ἲேᮾி⮬⏤኱ᏛᏛ㛗䠅䛸㐠Ⴀ㻌 㻌

䛆௜グ䛇䜟䛯䛧䛿䠈䠍䠕䠕䠌ᖺ䛻䛂᪥ᮏᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂᩥ໬఍㆟䛃䠄䠦䠥䠯䠟䠫䠪䠈஦ົᒁ䠖ᮍ᮶ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ䠅タ❧䛻ཧຍ䛧䛯䛜䠈 䜔䛜䛶ㅖ⯡䛾஦᝟䛻䜘䜚άື䛜୰᩿䞉೵Ṇ䛸䛺䛳䛯䠊䛭䛾㐣⛬䛷䠈䠍䠕䠕䠌ᖺ䠔᭶䛻䝋㐃䛾Ᏹᐂ㛵㐃᪋タ䜢୰ᮧ㞝஧

㑻Ặ䜙䛸どᐹ䛧䠈䝞䜲䝁䝚䞊䝹ᇶᆅ䛻䛚䛔䛶䝋䝴䞊䝈䠰䠩䠍䠌ྕ䛾Ⓨᑕ䜢ぢᏛ䛧䛯䠊䠄㙊⏣ᮾ஧䛄⪷ᆅ䜈䛾᪑䛅㟷ᘪ♫䠈 䠍䠕䠕䠕ᖺཧ↷䠅䠊䜎䛯䠈㻶㻭㼄㻭 䛾๓㌟䛾Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ஦ᴗᅋ䠄㻺㻭㻿㻰㻭䠅䛾Ᏹᐂேᩥ◊✲䛻䜒ཧຍ䛧䠈䛂Ᏹᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤Ⓨ

ᶵᵓ≉ู㈨ᩱ䇷䇷㻶㻭㼄㻭䠉䠯䠬䞊䠌䠓䠉䠎䠍䛃䛂Ᏹᐂ᫬௦䛻䛚䛡䜛ୡ⏺ほ䠈ே⏕ほ䛃◊✲䜾䝹䞊䝥䞉䝯䞁䝞䞊䠄୺ᰝ䠖ᒣ ᢡဴ㞝䠅䛻グ㘓䜢␃䜑䛶䛔䜛䠊䠄㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼟㼠㼍㼓㼑㻚㼠㼗㼟㼏㻚㼖㼍㼤㼍㻚㼖㼜㻛㼘㼕㼎㼞㼍㼞㼥㻛㼞㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻛㼒㼕㼘㼑㼟㻛㻿㻼㻙㻜㻣㻙㻜㻞㻝㻚㼜㼐㼒㻏㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔䠈㻝㻝㻣 㡫ཧ↷䠅㻌

ㅮホ

ᓥⷵ 㐍 ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ேᩥ♫఍⣔◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ

᐀ᩍᏛⓗ࡞ど㔝࠿ࡽᏱᐂయ㦂࡜᐀ᩍࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪ⴭ⪅ࡢど㔝ࡢᗈ ࡉࡀ࠺࠿ࡀࢃࢀࡿㄽᩥ࡛㸪వே࡟ࡣ฿㐩ࡋࡀࡓ࠸ⴭ⪅⊂⮬ࡢቃᆅࡀᏑศ࡟♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࣛࢵࢭ࣭ࣝࢩࣗ࣡࢖࣮࢝ࢺࡢᏱᐂయ㦂ࢆ࡝࠺ᤊ࠼ࡿ࠿ࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡟ㄽࡌࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬Ἑ

ྜ㞙㞝ࡸ❧ⰼ㝯ࡶ⊂⮬ࡢㄽⅬࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ㙊⏣ࡣ᪥ᮏ⚄ヰࡸ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢ≉

ᚩ࡟᥋⥆ࡍࡿ≉ᚩࢆᘬࡁฟࡑ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠾ࡶࡋࢁࡳࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏ⚄ヰ࡜Ᏹᐂయ㦂

ࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡓㄽ⪅ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪᪥ᮏ⚄ヰࢆㄽࡌ࡚ࡁࡓ

ࡶࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࢀࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ᏹᐂయ㦂࡜⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚ㄽࡌࡓ⪅ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡔࡀ㸪 ࡇࢀࡣࡁࢃࡵ࡚⮬↛࡞ㄽࡢᒎ㛤࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࠗⅆࡢ㫽࠘ࡢᡭሯ἞⹸ࡀ

SF

ⓗ࡞ᮍ᮶࡜ྂ௦ࡢ

⚄ヰⓗୡ⏺ࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡓᡭἲ࡜ఝ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬ୡ⏺ࡢㅖ᐀ᩍ࡜ど㔝࡟཰ࡵ࡞ࡀ

ࡽ㸪᪥ᮏ᐀ᩍࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄽࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ➹ຊࡶ࡞ࡳ࡞ࡳ࡞ࡽࡠࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬඲య ࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡢ㒔ྜ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀ㸪▷࠸ㄽཬ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡗ࡚࠸࡚ពࢆᑾࡃࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁ

ࡀ࠶ࡿࡋ㸪࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ㄗᏐ࣭ㄗ᳜ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢ⍗⍲ࢆ㉸࠼࡚኱࠸࡟ッ࠼ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡢ

࠶ࡿᩥ❶࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ϩ㸬ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

Ᏹᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢ᳨ウ

ᒸ⏣ ᾈᶞ

^ͤ

A study on the humanistic approach for space exploration by

Hiroki OKADA (Kobe University)

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to consider the implications we can draw from the application of the view from Cultural Anthropology to space study. In other words, this paper provides consideration to exploring the possibility of “Space Anthropology”. In general, Cultural Anthropologists have been concerned in their study with human being life, like as “primitive societies”, but today they become to deal with modern society in the process of modernization and globalization. Although it is beyond the scope of this paper to illustrate all subject of space anthropology, I hope to make clear why I think Cultural Anthropology, originally proposed in the field of society on the earth, is has validity on space exploration, which is the new filed for human beings. Before I show how cultural anthropology can be applied to space field, it is useful to discuss the relationship between space exploration of human beings and modernization and globalization. It is important to consider the cultural background of the relationship and note the similarity both as expansion of the Lebenswelt of human beings. Based on the above perspective, I suggest there approaches to subjects of space anthropology, that is,

͆extension of

Lebenswelt

͇, ͆reorganization of

Lebenswelt

͇ and ͆invention of

Lebenswelt

͇. After

illustrating some topics of space anthropology, and I consider for a moment in the connection the influence of Tourism and Space trip form cultural anthropology.

Keywords:

Ᏹᐂ᥈ᰝ, ேᩥ⛉Ꮫ, ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ, Ᏹᐂே㢮Ꮫ, ㏆௦໬,ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ,

Ᏹᐂほග

ᴫせ

ᮏㄽᩥࡣே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ⾜࠺ព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍ

ࡿ㸬ࡲࡎᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡀேᩥ⛉ᏛࡢᏛၥศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ࡜ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆࡶࡓࡽ

ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿ㸬ࡘ࠸࡛㸪⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᴫᛕࢆᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡟㸪㏆⌧௦࡟ே㢮ࡀ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㏆

௦໬࠾ࡼࡧࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡋࡓᚋ࡟ேᩥ⛉ᏛࡀᏱᐂ

࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡟᥋㏆ࡍࡿ㝿ࡢ㸱ࡘࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜᫬㛫㍈㸪✵㛫㍈ࡢၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ

ୖ࡛㸪ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࡢ◊✲ྐ࡜Ᏹᐂ◊✲ࡢ㛵㐃࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭㸪ࠕᏱᐂே㢮Ꮫࠖࡀྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜

ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆิᣲࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࢺࣆࢵࢡࡢ୍ࡘࡢ஦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ほගே

㢮ᏛࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽᏱᐂほගࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᩥ໬ே

㢮Ꮫࡉࡽ࡟ேᩥ⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ᥋㏆ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆ♧ࡍ㸬

ͤ ⚄ᡞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᅜ㝿ᩥ໬Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ᩍᤵ

1㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡣ㸪⚾ࡓࡕ࡟ᛮ᝿㸪౯್ほ㸪⏕ά㸪♫఍࡞࡝ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪኱

ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪◊✲⪅࡟㝈ࡽࡎከࡃࡢ⪅ࡀ㈶ྠࡍࡿ

࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ᮏㄽᩥࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕே㢮ᩥ໬ࡢ᪂ࡋ

࠸ྍ⬟ᛶࠖࡢၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼㸪ࡇࢀࢆᩥ໬ே㢮ᏛࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣ㸪ྂ௦ࡢᛮ᝿ᐙࡣู࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㏆௦௨㝆ࡣ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡀ୺࡟◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ

࡚ࡁࡓ㡿ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾ⥆ࡅࡓ஦ࡣ㸪␲࠸ࡶ࡞࠸㸬㏆௦ⓗ࡞Ꮫၥࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿ㝿࡟㸪ࠕ⛉Ꮫ࡜᐀ᩍࠖ

ࡢศ㞳ࡀ㉳ࡁ㸪ࡑࢀ௨๓ࡢẸ಑♫఍ࡸ⚄Ꮫࡀࡶࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠕୡ⏺ほࠖࠕᏱᐂほࠖ࡟⛉ᏛⓗᏱᐂ ㄽࡀྲྀࡗ࡚௦ࢃࡿ࡟࠸ࡓࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉࡛ேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡣ㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖ࠿ࡽษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡓࠕୡ⏺ࠖ࡟ᑐ ࡋᐇドⓗ࡟࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᐈほⓗ࡞Ꮫၥศ㔝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᇶ┙ࢆ⠏࠸࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡇࡢሙྜࡢࠕୡ⏺ࠖ࡜ࡣ㸪࠶ࡃࡲ࡛ࡶே㛫ࡀ⏕άࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚┤᥋࡟య㦂ࡋ࠺ࡿ▱ぬ

ⓗ⤒㦂ࡢୡ⏺㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖ㸦

Lebenswelt

㸧࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺㸬

⌧㇟Ꮫࡢඛ㥑⪅࡛࠶ࡿࣇࢵࢧ࣮ࣝ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖ࡜ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢே㛫࡟⮬᫂ࡢࡶࡢ

࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᆺᘧ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶ⤒㦂࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࡞ࡌࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿୡ⏺ࡢ஦࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡀ௒㸪ࡇ ࡇ࡛⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠕୡ⏺ࠖࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ

¹

㸬ࣇࢵࢧ࣮ࣝࡣ㸪ࡇࡇ࠿ࡽ⛉Ꮫࡢ᰿※ⓗᇶ┙ࡶ㸪ࡇ ࡢࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ㸪⛉Ꮫⓗ⤯ᑐᐈほ୺⩏࡟ᑐࡍࡿᢈุ࡟ྥ࠿࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᮏㄽ࡛

ࡣࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ῝ධࡾࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡛࠾ࡃ㸬

ࡇࡇ࡛ᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࡢࡣ㸪 ࠕᏱᐂࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㏆௦⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿ㐣⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪 Ẹ᪘ⓗ࣭᐀ᩍⓗᏱᐂほ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㐃⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠕᏱᐂࠖ࡜ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡀศ㞳ࡋࡓ஦࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ྂ௦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣࠕཎึⓗΰἁ≧ែ㸦࢝࢜ࢫ㸧ࠖ࠿ࡽ⛣⾜ࡋࡓࠕ⛛ᗎ࠶ࡿ≧ែࠖࢆ

ព࿡ࡍࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ㸪ဴᏛⓗ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞ព࿡࡛ࡢᏱᐂほࡀᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡲࡓྂ௦ࢠࣜࢩ

࢔ࡑࡢ௚ࡢྂ௦ᩥ᫂࡟ぢࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿඖ⣲࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㆟ㄽ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ㆟ㄽࡣ

㏆௦ࡢ⛉ᏛⓗᏱᐂᵓ㐀ㄽࢆ⤒࡚㸪⌧ᅾࡢኳᩥᏛ㸪Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

²

㸬ࡓࡔࡋྂ

௦ࡢᏱᐂほ࡜㏆௦⛉Ꮫࡢ㛫࡟ࡣỴᐃⓗ࡞ษ᩿ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪㏆௦ࡢ⛉ᏛⓗᏱᐂᵓ㐀ㄽ࡟࠾

࠸࡚ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࡣࠕ⛛ᗎ࠶ࡿ≧ែࠖࢆ࢔࣭ࣉࣜ࢜ࣜ࡟๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬Ᏹᐂࡣ௒ᚋ࢔࣭࣏ࢫ ࢸࣜ࢜ࣜ࡟ゎ᫂ࡍ࡭ࡁᑐ㇟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣ⛉Ꮫ⪅ࡀ◊✲ࡍࡿࠕᮍ▱ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾ㸪⛉Ꮫⓗ▱ぢࢆ㇏࠿࡟ࡶࡓ

ࡽࡍࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࢀࡣே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡶࡣࡸ⮬࡛᫂ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪┤᥋࡟⤒㦂ࡍࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㠀ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬୍᪉㸪㏆௦ேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡣࠕ⛉Ꮫࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᇶ┙ࢆᵓ

⠏ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࢆᐇドⓗ࡟◊✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࡍ࡭࡚ࢆ஦ᐇ࡟㑏ඖࡋ㸪ࡑ ࡇ࠿ࡽ⤒㦂ⓗ࣭ᖐ⣡ⓗ࡟ᬑ㐢ἲ๎ࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ࠸ࢃࡤ␲ఝ⛉Ꮫⓗ࢔

ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢど㔝࠿ࡽࡣࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣ⬺ⴠࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬

ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲࠿ࡽࠕ⬺ⴠࠖࡋࡓࠕᏱᐂࠖࢆࡩࡓࡓࡧ㸪ࡑࡢど㔝࡟཰ࡵࡿᚲ せᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ᫬௦ࢆ㏄࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ௒᪥㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣࡩࡓ ࡓࡧேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࡲࡓ㇏࠿࡞ᛮ⪃ࢆࡶࡓࡽ

ࡍ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㸪ᩥ໬ே㢮ᏛࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀ௒ᚋ㸪ே㢮

ࡢࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡢᣑ኱ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ࡑࢀࡣᏱᐂ࡟ᑐࡍࡿேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ▱ぢࡣ㸪ᩥ໬ࡸ♫

఍ࡢせㄳ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬

ᮏㄽᩥ࡜ྠࡌどⅬ࡛ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࠕᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡣே㢮࡟

ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᮌୗ෠㞝ࡢඛ㥑ⓗ࡞ㄽᩥࡀ࠶ࡿ

³

㸬

ே㢮ࡢⓎᒎࡢṔྐࢆಠ▔ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ୡ⏺ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ࣭✵㛫ⓗ࡞ᗈࡀࡾࡀ㸪ே㛫ࡢᛮ᝿ࡸ♫఍ᙧ

ែࢆྵࡵ࡚㸪ࡑࡢᏑᅾࡢ࠶ࡾ࠿ࡓ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ┳ྲྀࡉࢀ㸪ࡇࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ࣭✵㛫

ⓗᗈࡀࡾࡢ᭱ࡓࡿࡶࡢࡀᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᮌୗࡣゝ࠺

⁴

㸬ṔྐࡢⓎᒎ㐣⛬ࡣ༢⥺ⓗ࡛࡞

ࡃ㸪㠀⥺ᙧ࡞Ⓨᒎࡀከࡃぢࡽࢀ㸪౛࠼ࡤ኱⯟ᾏ᫬௦ࡢ฿᮶ࡸ᪂኱㝣ࡢⓎぢ࡞࡝ࡢ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡀ ࠕ␗ୡ⏺ࠖ࡬ࡢ⯆ዧࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ᛮ᝿ࡸⱁ⾡࡟㣕㌍ⓗ࡞㐍Ṍࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ே㢮 ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡣே㢮ࡢ㐍໬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᭱኱ࡢࢪࣕࣥࣉ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄆ㆑ࡣᮏ ㄽᩥ࡜ඹ㏻ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ᮌୗࡀ᳨ウࡋࡓࠕ⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛⚾ࡓࡕࡀᏱᐂ✵㛫࡟㐍ฟࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ

࠺ၥ㢟Ⅼࠖࡣ௒ᚋ᳨ウࡏࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ලయⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪▱ぬࡢᇶ‽⣔

ኚ໬ࡢၥ㢟㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ౯್ࡢ┦ᑐ໬ࡢၥ㢟㸪㔜ຊࡢኚ໬ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ♫఍ⓗ࣮ࣝࣝ

ࡸつ⠊ࡢኚ໬ࡢၥ㢟㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ᐀ᩍୡ⏺ࡸே㛫ࡢព࿡ㄽⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ࡣ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ

ࡢ㆟ㄽ࡜ᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ࡜ᮌୗࡢㄽ⪃ࡢ┦㐪Ⅼࡣ㸪኱ࡁࡃศࡅ࡚

2

Ⅼ࠶ࡿ㸬➨୍࡟㸪ᮌୗࡢㄽ⪃

ࡣᚰ⌮ᏛࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ㆟ㄽࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ㸪ಶࠎࡢே㛫ࡢㄆ㆑ࡸឤ᝟㸪౯್ほ㸪ᛮ⪃࡟↔Ⅼࡀᙜ࡚

ࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ㆟ㄽࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ᩥ໬ࡸ♫఍⌧㇟࡞࡝㸪ࡇ

ࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ㸪♫఍Ꮫࡢ▱ぢࢆᇶ┙࡟ಶேࢆ㉺࠼ࡓᩥ໬ࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢬ࣒ࡸ♫఍ࢩࢫࢸ

࣒ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᮌୗࡢㄽ⪃࡜ᮏㄽᩥࡣ┦⿵ⓗ࡞㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬➨஧࡟㸪 ᮌୗࡢㄽ⪃ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟ࡟కࡗ࡚ࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᒁ㠃ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ㸪㆟ㄽࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟

ᑐࡋ㸪ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪㏆௦ࡑࡋ࡚ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ௒᪥ⓗ≧ἣࢆᇶ┙࡟㸪Ᏹᐂ࡬

ࡢ㐍ฟࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ࡜ぢ࡞ࡋ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛㉳ࡁࡿၥ㢟ࡢ㐃⥆ᛶ࡜㠀㐃⥆ᛶ࡟╔┠ࡍࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡇ

࠺ࡋࡓ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢ㐪࠸ࡣ㸪࡝ࡕࡽ࡟ጇᙜᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ேᩥㅖ⛉Ꮫ࡟࡜ࡗ

࡚ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣከᵝ࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆᥦ౪ࡋ㸪ᇶ♏◊✲࠿ࡽᛂ⏝◊✲ࡲ࡛ᖜᗈࡃ㸪㇏࠿࡞ࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࡛

࠶ࡾ㸪ᮍࡔࡑࡢ◊✲ࡢ➃⥴࡟ࡘ࠸ࡓࡤ࠿ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏㄽᩥࡶ௒ᚋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ศ㔝ࡸどⅬ࡛ᒎ

㛤ࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁၥ㢟ࡢࡈࡃ୍㒊ࢆྲྀࡾᢅࡗࡓ࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸㸬

㸰㸬ᣑ኱ࡍࡿ⏕άୡ⏺࡜ࠕᏱᐂࠖ

ே㢮ࡢṔྐ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࡣ୙ኚ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ே㢮ࡢṔྐࡣ㸪▱ぬⓗ⤒㦂 ࡢୡ⏺࡛࠶ࡿࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡀேࠎࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ⏕ά㡿ᇦࢆ㉺࠼㸪ᣑ኱ࡋ⥆ࡅࡓṔྐ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬≉

࡟㏆௦໬ࡢ㐣⛬࡛ࡣ㸪ேࠎࡢ⏕άୡ⏺ࡀඹྠయࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ㉸࠼㸪ࠕ♫఍ࠖࡸࠕᅜᐙࠖ࡟ᣑ኱

ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟㸪㏆௦ⓗ࡞ࠕ♫఍Ꮫࠖࡸࠕᨻ἞Ꮫࠖࡀᡂ❧ࡋ㸪ࡲࡓ኱⯟ᾏ᫬௦ࢆ⤒࡚㸪㏆

௦࡟⮳ࡿ࡜ᆅ⌫ୖࡢከᵝ࡞♫఍࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㛵ᚰࡀඹ᭷ࡉࢀ㸪ከᵝ࡞ᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡀ⵳✚

ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠕᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫࠖࡀᡂ❧ࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡢᣑ኱ࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ

ᛮ᝿㸪౯್ほ㸪⏕ά㸪♫఍㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ᩥ໬ࢆ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ㸬

ࡑࡋ࡚௒᪥㸪㏆௦໬ࡢ㐍ᒎ㸪≉࡟ᕷሙ⤒῭ࡀୡ⏺ࢆそ࠺࡟ࡘࢀ࡚㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜ

ࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠖ࡜࠸࠺Ṕྐⓗ㌿᥮࡟┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ㸬 ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࠖࡣࠕᆅ

⌫໬ࠖࠕୡ⏺໬ࠖ࡜ࡶヂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡢࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡀᆅ⌫つᶍ࡟ᗈࡀࡗࡓ㸪

࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡶࠕᗈࡆࡉࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᛴ㏿࡟ᣑ኱

ࡋࡓࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡣࡶࡣࡸࡍ࡭࡚ࡢேࠎ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⮬᫂࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪࡞ࡌࡳࡀ࠶ࡿୡ⏺

࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ௒᪥ࡢ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪෌ࡧࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ᳨ウࡍ࡭ࡁᑐ㇟࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺

ࡢࡀᮏㄽᩥࡢฟⓎⅬ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬௒᪥ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⪃࠼ࡿୖ࡛㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣࡶࡣࡸ

⚾ࡓࡕࡢࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖ࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡓᏑᅾ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬

ࡑࡶࡑࡶᏛၥࡢୡ⏺࡟࠾࠸࡚ேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢศ㔝ࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡓࠕᏱᐂࠖ ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪

㏆௦௨๓㸦ࡑࡋ࡚௒᪥࡛ࡶ㸧ே㢮ࡣኳయࢆྵࡴᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡢほᐹ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪㎰ᴗࡸ⯟ᾏ㸪᪥

ᖖ⏕άࢆ⛛ᗎ࡙ࡅࡿᬺἲ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ༨࠸࡟࠸ࡓࡿࡲ࡛㸪⮬ࡽࡢάື࡟฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡲࡓᏱ ᐂࡣᩥᏛࡸⱁ⾡ࡢศ㔝࡟ᵝࠎ࡞࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡁࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡀ

20

ୡ⣖

ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡲࡓᏱᐂ࡜ࡢලయⓗ࡞㛵ࢃࡾࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ㸪 ௒᪥Ᏹᐂ⮬యࢆ⮬ࡽࡢάືࡢሙ࡜

ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿẁ㝵࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺㸬

஧༑ୡ⣖࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡍ࡛࡟Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡣࠕ᥈ᰝࠖ࠿ࡽ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ẁ㝵࡬ࡢẁ㝵࡟ධࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ 㐣⛬࡛ࡣ㸪♫఍࣭ᩥ໬࡜ࡢᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࡀᙜึ࠿ࡽᏑᅾࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡎ➨஧ḟୡ⏺኱ᡓ୰࡟රჾ࡜

ࡋ࡚㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓࢻ࢖ࢶࡢ

V1

ྕ㸪

V2

ྕࣟࢣࢵࢺࡀᏱᐂࣟࢣࢵࢺ࡟㌿⏝ࡉࢀ㸪

1961

ᖺ࡟ᪧࢯ

ࣅ࢚ࢺ㐃㑥ࡢ࣮࢞࢞ࣜࣥᑡబࡀே㢮ึࡢ᭷ேᏱᐂ㣕⾜࡟ᡂຌࡍࡿ㸬

ࡑࡢᚋ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀ㣕㌍ⓗ࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࡓ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣ➨஧ḟୡ⏺኱ᡓᚋ࡟㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ྜ

⾗ᅜ࡜ࢯࣅ࢚ࢺ㐃㑥ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᮾすࡢᅜᐙ⩌ࡢᑐ❧㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿ෭ᡓᵓ㐀ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬᭷ேࣟ

ࢣࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ᭶㠃᥈ᰝࡣ㸪⡿ࢯࡢᅜᐙⓗጾಙࢆ࠿ࡅࡓᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ➇தࡢ⏘≀ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ ࡗ࡚ࡶ㐣ゝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪1969 ᖺ࡟࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ࢔࣏ࣟ

11

ྕࡀ᭶㠃╔㝣࡟ᡂຌࡍ

ࡿ࡜㸪᭷ேࣟࢣࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ᥈ᰝࡣ୍ࡘࡢ༊ษࡾࢆ㏄࠼ࡿ㸬

ࡑࡢᚋ㸪᭶ࡸⅆᫍ࡞࡝ࡢኴ㝧⣔ෆᝨᫍࡣ↓ேࣟࢣࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᥈ᰝࡋ㸪ᆅ⌫࿘㎶ࡢ᭷ேᏱ ᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᡴࡕୖࡆ࡜⥔ᣢ㸦Ᏹᐂᅾᮇ㛫㸧ࡀ㸪ḟࡢẁ㝵࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ➇தࡢ↔

Ⅼ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᪧࢯ㐃ࡢ᭷ேᏱᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ࠶ࡿࠕࢯ࣮ࣘࢬࠖ㸪࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢࢫ࢝࢖ࣛࣈ࡜

ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࣛࣈ㸦㌶㐨ୖᐇ㦂ᐊ㸧㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺࣝࡢ㐠⾜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ᫬ᮇࡣ

1960

ᖺ௦ࡲ࡛ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ➇தࡀᮍ▱࡞ࡿᆅ⌫እࡢኳయ࡟࠸࠿࡟᪩ࡃ฿㐩ࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠕ᥈ᰝࠖ➇ த࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪᭷ேᏱᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࠕ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ẁ㝵ࠖ࡟⛣⾜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜

ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

⁵

㸬ࡇࡢ㐣⛬࡛㸪Ᏹᐂ⾨ᫍ㏻ಙ㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫࠿ࡽࡢ࣮ࣜࣔࢺࢼࣅࢤ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᢏ⾡

ࡀ⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀ㸪ᦠᖏ㟁ヰ㸪ࢼࣅࢤ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡞࡝

GPS㸦඲ᆅ⌫ ఩ࢩࢫࢸ࣒)㸪⾨ᫍ

ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ᝟ሗ㏻ಙࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡞࡝㸪 ⌧ᅾࡢ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕ά࡟ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡓᢏ⾡ࡀ㛤Ⓨ

ࡉࢀ㸪฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

2011

ᖺࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺࣝࡢ㐠⏝೵Ṇࡣ㸪ࡶࡣࡸࠕ᭷ே࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࢀ⮬యࡀ㔜せ

࡞ࠕ᥈ᰝ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࢥࢫࢺ㠃ࡸ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ᭷ຠ࡞᪉ἲࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿ᫬ᮇ࡟

⮳ࡗࡓ࡜ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡼ࠺㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪୍᪉࡛㸪ᅜᐙࡢጾಙࢆ࠿ࡅࡓᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࠿ࡽ㸪⤒῭ⓗ

ഃ㠃㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ┤᥋ⓗ࡞㌷஦ᡭẁ࡟㛵ࢃࡿᨻ἞ⓗഃ㠃㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣࠕࡣࡸࡪࡉࠖ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ

࠺࡟㸪ࠕᅜᐙࡢጾಙࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾ㸪ᕷẸ࡟࠸࠿࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ 㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿ㸬

ࡉࡽ࡟㔜せ࡞Ⅼࡣ㸪௒᪥ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨᢏ⾡ࡢ᪉ྥᛶࡀ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪

ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟⮳ࡿ♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ㐠ືࡢᘏ㛗ୖ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺

Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

⾨ᫍࢸࣞࣅᨺ㏦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ୡ⏺ྛᆅࡢ᝟ሗࢆࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒࡛ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾ㸪 ᦠᖏ㟁ヰࡸ࣓࣮ࣝ࡞࡝ࡢ฼⏝➼㸪⌧ᅾࡢୡ⏺ࡢኚ໬࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬ࠕ࢔ࣛࣈ

ࡢ᫓ࠖࡀࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ๻ⓗ࡞౛࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓᢏ⾡㠉᪂ࡀ㸪ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙ

ࣥࡢᵝᘧ㸪♫఍㛵ಀࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣᅜᐙࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆᦂࡿࡀࡍ஦ែ࡟⮳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௒᪥㉳

ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿ㝿࡟㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨᢏ⾡ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࣔࣀࡸࢩࢫࢸ࣒

ࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆࡶࡘ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ࡼࡾ౽฼࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡸࣔࣀࢆồࡵࡿேࠎࡢḧᮃࡀࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᢏ

⾡㠉᪂ࢆせㄳࡋ㸪ࡇࢀ࡟ಁࡉࢀ࡚Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ᒎࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪ேࠎࡀࡑࡢάືࢆᣑ኱ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᢏ⾡㠉᪂ࢆಁࡋ㸪ᢏ⾡㠉᪂ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࡉࡽ࡞

ࡿάື㡿ᇦࡢᣑ኱㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡢᣑ኱ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ⌧㇟

ࡣỴࡋ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࡞࠸㸬༑஑ୡ⣖ࡢ⏘ᴗ㠉࿨ࡢᚋ㸪ᢏ⾡㠉᪂࡟ࡼࡿ஺㏻㏻ಙᡭẁࡢⓎ㐩 ࡣ㸪ᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡓே㛫άືࡢᣑ኱ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓ㸬Ᏹᐂᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎࡣࡑࡢᘏ㛗ୖ࡟࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ ᢏ⾡࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼ࡓே㛫άືࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᣑ኱ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ࡑࡢ୍㒊ࡀ 㸦࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶࡈࡃᑡᩘ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡿࡀ㸧ᆅ⌫ࡢ⠊ᅖࢆ㉸࠼࡚άືࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺㸬

ࡇࡇ࡟㏆௦ࡀෆໟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ▩┪ࡀ㸪 ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ෌⌧ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ

࠶ࡿ㸬㏆௦ࡢᨻ἞⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓᅜẸᅜᐙࡣ㸪ྠࡌࡃ㏆௦ࡢᢏ⾡㠉᪂࡟ࡼ

ࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࡢᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼࡚⛣ືࡍࡿ⛣Ẹࡸ⛣ఫ⪅ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㏆௦ࡣࠕᅜᐙࠖࡢᏑ❧

ࢆせㄳࡍࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟㸪ࡑࡢ⠊ᅖࢆ㉸࠼࡚࠸ࡃᏑᅾࡶྠ᫬࡟⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓ㸬௒᪥ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ

࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣ㸪 ேࠎࡀࡉࡽ࡟ᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼࡚⛣ືࡋࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡋࡓ㸬

୍᪉࡛ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ⛣ືࡸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟኱ࡁࡃᐤ୚ࡋࡓᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡢᇶ┙࡜࡞ࡗࡓᏱᐂ 㛤Ⓨࡣ㸪࠸ࡲࡔ኱ࡁࡃ㏆௦ࡢᅜẸᅜᐙ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡴࡋࢁ▩┪ࡣ῝ࡲࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬

ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣ㸪༢࡟⤒῭ࡢㅖάືࡀᅜቃࢆ㉺࠼࡚๻ⓗ࡟ቑ኱ࡋ㸪ᅜᐙ㛫ࡢ┦

஫౫Ꮡࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢࡳࢆព࿡ࡋ࡞࠸㸬ᅜẸᅜᐙࢆᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋࡓ♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ࡢ㡿ᇦ ࡀ㉺ቃࡋ࡚࠸ࡁ㸪NGO ࡸ௻ᴗάື࡞࡝ᅜẸᅜᐙ௨እࡢᙺ๭ࡀቑ኱ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡣᅜᐙࢆ㉺࠼

ࡓࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⾨ᫍ㏻ಙᢏ⾡ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢸࣞࣅᨺ㏦ࡸᦠᖏ㟁ヰ࡟ࡼࡿ㏻ヰ㸪

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ㸪࣓࣮ࣝ࡟ࡼࡿ᝟ሗࡢ⋓ᚓ࡜ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᣑ኱ࡣ㸪ᛮ᝿㸪᝟ሗ㸪ࡉ

ࡽ࡟ࡣ♫఍ⓗ࡞άືࡸᩥ໬ࢆ࡯ࡰ෌ᖐ୙ྍ⬟࡞≧ἣ࡟࠸ࡓࡽࡋࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾᏱᐂᢏ⾡ࡣ ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᨭ࠼㸪ࡇࢀࢆಁ㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢ஦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ேࠎࡢ⏕άୡ

⏺ࡣᣑ኱ࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟㸪ᣑ኱ࡋࡓ⏕άୡ⏺ࡀࡉࡽ࡞ࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆせㄳࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࢆ

ᨭ࠼ࡿᏱᐂᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࢆồࡵࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪 ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣜࢮ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀᆅ⌫ୖࢆそ࠸ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ௒᪥㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡟┤᥋㛵ࢃࡿ㸪

࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈ࡜ࡋ࡚Ᏹᐂ࡟⾜࠿࡞࠸ࡲ࡛ࡶ㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕άୡ⏺࡟ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣᐦ᥋࡞㛵

ࢃࡾࢆቑࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡣࡶࡣࡸேࠎࡢ⏕άୡ⏺࡜ษࡾ㞳ࡉࢀࡓࠕᮍ▱ࡢ✵

㛫࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࠕᏱᐂほගࠖ࡞࡝㸪ࡍ࡛࡟⌧ᐇ໬ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ୍⯡ࡢேࠎ࡜Ᏹᐂ࡜ࡢ㛵

ࢃࡾ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ㸪⌧ᅾࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢᘏ㛗ୖ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㈨※⋓ᚓࡢࡓࡵࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡸᏱᐂ⏘ᴗࡢ ᙧᡂ㸪ࠕᏱᐂ⛣ఫࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓၥ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣ㸪ேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ

࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

㸱㸬ேᩥ⛉Ꮫ◊✲࠿ࡽࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

ᮏㄽࡢฟⓎⅬࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࢆ᝿ീࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪⤒㦂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ᝿ീຊࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡜㝈

⏺ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛㸪ேᩥ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪௒᪥ࡢ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ♫

఍࣭ᩥ໬ࢆ┦ᑐ໬ࡍࡿ኱ࡁ࡞ዎᶵ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ㄆ㆑࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࠕᏱᐂࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢேᩥ

⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ࢺࣆࢵࢡࡸࢸ࣮࣐ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ᛂࡌࡓศ㔝ࡀࡑࢀ

ࡒࢀ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣඹྠ࡛◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࠺ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡣᛂ⏝ⓗศ㔝࡜

ᇶ♏ⓗศ㔝࡜࠸࠺༊ศࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᘏ㛗ࠖ 㸪 ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᨵ⦅ࠖ㸪 ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢ๰㐀ࠖ࡜࠸࠺㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟༊ศࡋ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸㸬

ࡲࡎ㸪➨୍ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᘏ㛗ࠖ ࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐⩌ࡸ㛵㐃ศ㔝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪

⌧ᅾㅖศ㔝ࡀྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢸ࣮࣐ࡢᘏ㛗ୖ࡟ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡀタᐃࡉࢀࡿ㸬୺࡟♫఍⛉Ꮫ⣔ࡢศ 㔝࠾ࡼࡧேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ୰࡛ࠕᛂ⏝ࠖࡀࡘࡃୗ఩ศ㔝ࡀ㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࢸ࣮࣐ࢆྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬 ᏱᐂほගࡸᏱᐂ㛵㐃⏘ᴗࡢ᣺⯆ࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣅࢪࢿࢫࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪⤒῭Ꮫࡸ⤒ႠᏛࡢࢸ

࣮࣐࡜࡞ࡾᚓࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜᐙᡓ␎ࡢၥ㢟ࡸᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡢࠕ㡿᭷ᶒࠖࡢၥ㢟ࡣ ᨻ἞ᏛࡸἲᏛ㸪ᅜ㝿㛵ಀ◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬࠸ࢃࡺࡿᏱᐂ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡿࠕᆅ⌫ࠖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ▱ぢࡣ㸪࠸ࢃࡺࡿᆅᇦ◊✲ࡢᣑ኱∧࡜ࡋ࡚㸪

⎔ቃၥ㢟ࡸ⮬↛⅏ᐖࡢࣜࢫࢡᅇ㑊࡞࡝ࡢ◊✲࡟᭷⏝࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ࡑࡢ௚㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨᢏ⾡ࡢ๪⏘

≀࡛࠶ࡿ㧗ᗘ࡞ᢏ⾡〇ရ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ᪥ᖖ⏝ရࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࡶ⪃࠼ᚓࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡣ⌧ᅾࡢ⚾ࡓࡕ ࡢ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᘏ㛗ୖ࡟せㄳࡉࢀࡿㅖㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ೔⌮Ꮫࡢᛂ⏝ศ㔝࡛࠶ࡿࠕᏱᐂ೔⌮Ꮫࠖ

࡞࡝ࡶ㸪ࡇࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ㸬

➨஧ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᨵ⦅ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐⩌ࡸ㛵㐃ศ㔝ࡣ㸪ẚ㍑ⓗᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮

࣐ࢆྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ศ㔝ࡀྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ᰿ᮏⓗၥ㢟ࢆࠕᏱ ᐂࠖ✵㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏕άୡ⏺ࡢᨵ⦅ࢆᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡟㸪⌧ᅾࡢᇶᮏⓗၥ࠸ࡸࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆᨵࡵ࡚ၥ࠸

┤ࡍࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟ࡣࠕᮍ▱ࡢ㡿ᇦࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚⌧ᅾࡢ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕άୡ⏺ࢆᣑ኱

ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪⏕άୡ⏺ࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆ᰿ᗏ࠿ࡽኚ࠼࡚࠸ࡃࡼ࠺࡞ኚ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶

ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡣࠕ⏕άୡ⏺ࠖࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ୡ⏺ほࡢᵓ⠏࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸౯್ほࡸ᪂ࡋ࠸♫

఍ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ᩥ໬ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍྍ⬟ᛶࢆ⛎ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪ࠕே㛫࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺

ேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ✲ᴟࡢၥ࠸㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᐀ᩍ◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ㉸⮬↛ⓗᏑᅾࠖ 㸦⚄㸧ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪 Ᏹᐂ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿ࢖ࣥࢫࣆ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ⱁ⾡ࡸ⾲⌧࡞࡝ࡶ㸪ࡇࡢ

࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ධࡿ㸬

➨୕ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣ㸪 ➨୍ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡜➨஧ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡢ୰㛫࡟࠶ࡓࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ࡛࠶

ࢁ࠺㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ▱ぢࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡘࡘ㸪ᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ࠸ࢃࡤ

ᛮ⪃ᐇ㦂࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪Ᏹᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿሙྜ㸪ࡑࡇ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⏕ά✵㛫ࢆ

㐀ࡾୖࡆࡿ࠿㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞♫఍ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆタᐃࡍࡿ࠿㸪࡞࡝㸪୍✀ࡢᛮ⪃ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢ࡛

࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪୍ࡘࡢศ㔝ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪Ṕྐࡸ♫఍㸪ᩥ໬࡞࡝ࢆᢅ࠺」ᩘࡢศ㔝ࡀ ඹྠ࡛ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡢࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ᚑ᮶㸪ேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢ୍⯡ⓗഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᐇド୺⩏ⓗ

ࢆ㔜どࡍࡿ❧ሙ࠿ࡽ㸪ᚰ⌮Ꮫ࡞࡝࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ᑠつᶍࡢ㞟ᅋ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࠕᐇ㦂ࠖ

ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ඹྠయࡸ♫఍࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ඹྠయࡸ♫఍ࡀࠕ๰㐀ࠖࡋ

࠺ࡿ࠿ࡣ῝ࡃ㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᐇ㝿ࡢᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡢᒃఫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪୍✀ࡢࢩ࣑ࣗࣞ

࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠺࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛㸪➨୍ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྠ᫬࡟㸪ே㢮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚

࠸࠿࡞ࡿඹྠయࡸ♫఍ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪♫఍ࡢ⌮᝿ീࢆලయ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ

࡛㸪➨஧ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ᒓࡍࡿ࣮ࣘࢺࣆ࢔㸪࢖ࢹ࢜ࣟࢠ࣮ࡢၥ㢟࡜ゝࡗࡓ᰿ᮏⓗၥ㢟࡛ࡶ࠶

ࡿ㸬

ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡢලయⓗၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾᢅ࠺㝿࡟ࡣ㸪 ࠕ⌧ᅾࠖ 㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ௒ᚋࡢᏱᐂ 㛤Ⓨࡢ࡝ࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺᫬㛫㍈ࡢタᐃࡣ᫂☜࡟༊ศࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞

࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪➨୍ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪⌧ᅾࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢ≧ἣ㸪↓ே᥈ᰝᶵ࡟ࡼ

ࡿኴ㝧⣔ෆ࡛ࡢ᥈ᰝ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫㌶㐨ୖࡢ᭷ேᏱᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑡேᩘࡢᅾ㸪኱

Ẽᅪቃ⏺௜㏆ࡲ࡛ࡢࠕᏱᐂ᪑⾜ࠖ࡞࡝ࡢ⌧≧ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼㸪Ᏹᐂほග࡞࡝ࡢᏱᐂ㛵㐃⏘ᴗ㸪Ᏹᐂ

࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢၥ㢟࡞࡝ࡀ㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ᆅ⌫እ࡟ே㢮ࡀ୍ᐃᮇ㛫ᒃఫࡍࡿẁ 㝵࡛ࡣ㸪㈨※㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࡢᏱᐂ㛵㐃⏘ᴗࡢၥ㢟㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣᏱᐂ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢၥ㢟ࡶ␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃ

ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ኴ㝧⣔እ࡬ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡸ㸪ࡶࡗ࡜㛗࠸᫬㛫ⓗࢫࣃࣥ㸪౛࠼ࡤᴟ➃࡞タᐃ࡛ࡣᩘ୓

ᖺ࠿ࡽ

50

൨ᖺᚋ࡞࡝ࡢ㐲࠸ᮍ᮶ࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿ࠿ࡀၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬➨஧㸪➨୕ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜࡣࡇ

࠺ࡋࡓ᫬㛫㍈ࡢタᐃࡀࡼࡾ㔜せ࡟࡞ࡿ㸬

ຍ࠼࡚㸪✵㛫㍈ࡢタᐃࡶ༊ูࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬Ᏹᐂ⯪ࡢෆ㒊࠿㸪㌶㐨ୖࡢᏱᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙ

ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚࠿㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᆅ⌫እࡢࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ࣮࣋ࢫ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᏱᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮࠿㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣᏱᐂ

࡜ᆅ⌫࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡢ࠿㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟ࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠺ᆅ⌫ࡢኚ໬㸪ᆅୖࡢ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⏕ά✵㛫 ࡢኚ໬ࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡝㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࡢ࡝ࡢሙᡤ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࡣ㔜せ࡞

ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᏱᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ⛉Ꮫࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸱ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜタᐃ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ලయⓗ࡞

ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿ㝿ࡢ᫬㛫㍈㸪✵㛫㍈タᐃࡢၥ㢟ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪

᫬㛫㍈࡜✵㛫㍈ࡢタᐃࡣ㸪ูࡢ㍈ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬 ࡑࢀࡣᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡢ㐍ᒎࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᫬㛫㍈࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ⌧ᅾࠖ࡜ࡣࢡࣟࣀࢪ࢝ࣝ࡞ព࿡

࡛ࡢࠕ⌧ᅾ࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⌧ẁ㝵࡛ࡢᢏ⾡ࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪࡜࠸࠺ྵពࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᢏ⾡㛤

Ⓨࡀᛴ㏿࡟㐍ᒎࡍࢀࡤ㸪✵㛫ࡢタᐃࡢၥ㢟ࡶࡇࢀ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ኚ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪 ᢏ⾡Ⓨᒎࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣ㸪⛉ᏛⓗⓎぢࡸ▱㆑ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪♫఍ࡸᩥ໬ࡀ࠸࠿࡞ࡿᢏ⾡ࢆඃඛⓗ

࡟㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆồࡵࡿ࠿࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ㸬♫఍ⓗせㄳࡸᩥ໬ⓗࣅࢪࣙࣥࡀ኱ࡁࡃస⏝ࡍࡿ

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࡢⅬ࡛㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡑࢀ⮬యࡶேᩥ⛉Ꮫⓗ◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞

ࡾᚓࡿ㸬