㻔䝯䝕䜱䜹䝹䝖䝷䜲䝅䝇䝔䝮䠅

㌟యᅗᘧࢆᇶ♏࡜ࡋࡓṑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟㛵ࡍࡿ஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩ࡢኚ໬

᪥ᮏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᯇᡞṑᏛ◊✲⛉ṑᏛᑓᨷ

᪥ᮏ኱ᏛᯇᡞṑᏛ㒊ṑ⛉⥲ྜデ⒪Ꮫㅮᗙ^㸨

᱔ཎ ඞᙪ㸪ᾏ⪁ཎ ᬛᗣ^㸨

㸦ᣦᑟ㸸ఀ⸨ Ꮥカ ᩍᤵ㸧

┠ ḟ

⥴ ゝ

◊✲᪉ἲ

⤖ ᯝ

⪃ ᐹ

⤖ ㄽ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

ⱥᩥᢒ㘓 ᅗ

⥴ ゝ

デ᩿࡟࠾ࡅࡿᛮ⪃㐣⛬ࡢ◊✲ࡣ㸪⬻ࡢㄆ▱㐣⛬ࡢᛶ㉁ࡸ௙⤌ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄆ▱ᚰ⌮ᐇ 㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ヨࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚰ⌮ᐇ㦂࡟ࡣ⬻άືࢆᐈほⓗ࠿ࡘ↓౵くⓗ࡟ ᐃࡍ

ࡿ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ෆほἲ¹⁾㸪║⌫㐠ື ᐃ^2-4)㸪ࡑࡋ࡚⬻Ἴ ᐃ^5-7)ࡀ㏻ᖖ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⬻

Ἴ ᐃ࡛ࡣ㸪ឤぬ่⃭ࢆ࿊♧ࡋ㸪኱⬻୍࡛ᐃࡢฎ⌮᫬㛫ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ฟ⌧ࡍࡿ㟁఩ኚື㸪 ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕㄏⓎ㟁఩ࢆ ᐃゎᯒࡍࡿࠋㄏⓎ㟁఩ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㸪୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓ่⃭ㄢ㢟࡟㛵㐃ࡋ ࡓㄆ▱㸪ᘚู㸪ㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡞࡝ࡢᚰ⌮άື࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ㄏⓎࡉࢀࡿ஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩㸦ERP㸸 Event-related Potential㸧ࡣ㸪⬻ࡢ㧗ḟᶵ⬟ࡢゎ᫂࡟᭷⏝࡜ࡉࢀᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ^8-11)ࠋ

デ᩿ࡢᛮ⪃ᵝᘧࡢ୰࡛ࡶࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᙜㅮᗙ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㸪࢚ࢵ

ࢡࢫ⥺෗┿ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓෆほἲ࡟ࡼࡿ᰿ᑤ⑓ኚࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢᢳฟ¹⁾ࡸERPࢆ⏝࠸ࡓṇᖖ ṑ⫗࡜ṑ࿘⅖ࡢ㚷ู ⁷⁾࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ṑ✀㚷ูࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡜ࡋࡓㄆ

▱ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗ᳨ウ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᙜㅮᗙ࡛ࡣERPࢆ⏝࠸࡚ከゅⓗ࡟ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ኱ᒣ

ࡽ¹²⁾ࡣṑࢆࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ゎ๗Ꮫⓗ≉ᚩࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚᥎ ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸪≉ᚩศᯒࣔࢹࣝ⌮ㄽࢆࡩࡲ࠼࡚㸪ࠕ㍯㒌ࠖࡀࠕ⁁ࠖࡸࠕ⦕ࠖ࡟ẚ࡭࡚

㛵ࢃࡾࡀᙉ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆERPࡢἼᙧᡂศ࡛࠶ࡿP300ࢆ⏝࠸࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋᾏ⪁ཎ¹³⁾ࡣ㸪 ṑ✀㚷ูࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࢆࡍࡿ㝿㸪ጞࡵ࡟ṑࡀ⮬ศ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿

ࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿ᭱ึࡢẁ㝵࡛㸪║๓ࡢṑ࡜⬻ෆ࡟࠶ࡿṑࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆ࣐ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡉࡏࡿࡓ

ࡵ࡟㸪࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢᚰⓗᅇ㌿¹⁴⁾ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡑࡢ㝿࡟⮬ᕫ୰ᚰཧ↷ᯟ¹⁵⁾ࡀᕥྑࡢ㚷ู࡟ᐤ୚

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋṑࢆ࿊♧ヨᩱ࡜ࡋࡓṑ✀㚷ูࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࡢ᳨ウࡣ㸪

௚ㄽᩥሗ࿌ࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡢࡀ⌧≧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

≀యࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿ㝿㸪⬻ෆࡢᚰⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢ᧯సᶵ⬟ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᡭࡸᡭ⏝㐨ලࢆ

࿊♧ヨᩱ࡟⏝࠸࡚㸪࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢ⏕ᡂࡸኚ᥮࡟⮬ᕫࡢ㐠ືไᚚᶵ⬟ࡸ㌟యᅗᘧࡀ㔜せ࡞

ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ¹⁵⁾࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᾏ⪁ཎ¹³⁾ࡢሗ࿌࠿ࡽࡶ㸪ṑ✀㚷ูࡍࡿ㝿ࡢ 1

ᚰⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢᅇ㌿࡟⮬ᕫ୰ᚰཧ↷ᯟ㸪ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ⮬ᕫࡢᕥྑṑࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡀ࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶ

ࢆ♧၀ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᡭࡢᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ㄢ㢟ࡢᅇ㌿࡜ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ᐇ㝿࡟ᡭࢆᅇ㌿

ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᚰⓗᅇ㌿ࡢຠ⋡ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿ¹⁶⁾࡜ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪

⮬ᕫࡢṑࡣ║๓࡟࿊♧ࡋẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀ㌟యࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪㌟య ᅗᘧࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜᥎ ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪㌟యࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿどぬ่⃭࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚㌟య࡟㛵

ࢃࡽ࡞࠸どぬ่⃭࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕᩥᏐࠖࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ṑ✀㚷ูࡢㄢ㢟㐙⾜᫬ࡢᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟క࠺

㌟యᅗᘧࡢ㛵ࢃࡿ⬻ෆ᝟ሗฎ⌮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟㸪P300ࢆ⏝࠸࡚

ㄆ▱ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗ࡟᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

◊✲᪉ἲ

⿕㦂⪅ࡣ㸪ṑࡢゎ๗Ꮫⓗᙧᘧ▱ࢆ᪤࡟⩦ᚓࡋࡓ⮫ᗋᐇ⩦୰ࡢ5ᖺḟ⏕17ྡ㸪ᖹᆒᖺ

㱋23.0ṓ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡭࡚ྑ฼ࡁ࡛ᐇ㦂࡟ᨭ㞀ࡢ࡞࠸⛬ᗘࡢどຊࢆ᭷ࡋ㸪⢭⚄⑌ᝈࡢ᪤

 ࡢ࡞࠸⪅࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

 ᐃ᮲௳ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࢆࢩ࣮ࣝࢻ࣮࣒ࣝෆ࡟࠶ࡿ᳔Ꮚ࡟Ᏻ㟼࡞≧ែ࡛ᆘ఩ࢆ࡜ࡽࡏ㸪 㢌㒊ࢆᅛᐃࡋ50cm๓᪉࡟࠶ࡿࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡟ヨᩱ࡜࡞ࡿ⏬ീࢆ࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋどぬ่⃭࡛࠶ࡿ

⏬ീࡣ⏬ീ࿊♧⏝ࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡟࿊♧ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ㝿࡟ㄏⓎࡉࢀࡿ⬻Ἴಙྕ࠾ࡼࡧ࢔࣮ࢳࣇ࢓

ࢡࢺ࡜࡞ࡿ║㟁఩㸦EOG㸧ࢆࢹࢪࢱࣝ⬻Ἴィ㸦᪥ᮏGE࣐ࣝࢣࢵࢺ SYNAFIT 5800㸧

࡟࡚グ㘓ࡋ㸪ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽERPࢆᢳฟࡋゎᯒฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

ERP ᐃゎᯒࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᅗ1࡟♧ࡍࠋ⬻Ἴࡣ㸪ࢧࣥࣉࣜࣥࢢ࿘Ἴᩘࢆ1000Hz࡜ࡋ࡚㸪 ᅜ㝿⬻ἼᏛ఍㐃ྜᶆ‽㟁ᴟ㓄⨨ἲ㸦ᅜ㝿10 -20ἲ㸧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪Fz㸪Cz㸪Pzࡢ3⟠ᡤࡼ

ࡾᑟฟࡋࡓࠋ㟁ᴟࡣ㖟࣭ሷ໬㖟㟁ᴟࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪୧ഃ⪥ᮕ㐃⤖ࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ㸪᥋ゐ࢖ࣥࣆ

2

࣮ࢲࣥࢫࡣNȍ௨ୗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋప࿘Ἴࣇ࢕ࣝࢱࢆ0.1Hz㸪㧗࿘Ἴࣇ࢕ࣝࢱࢆ100Hz࡜タᐃ ࡋࡓࠋ

ㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪෗┿ࡸᙳࢆྵࡴ⤮࡛ࡣ≉ᚩᡂศࡀ」㞧࡞ࡓࡵࠕṑࠖࠕᩥᏐࠖࠕᡭࠖࡢ⥺⏬㸦௨

ୗᶍᘧᅗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ㸪ᅗᙧ่⃭ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ 480×480ࣆࢡࢭࣝ࡜ࡋࡓࠋㄢ㢟ࡢヲ

⣽ࢆ௨ୗ࡟♧ࡍࠋ 1)ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟

࿊♧ヨᩱࡣ㢏ഃࡀୖ᪉ࢆྥ࠸ࡓ≧ែࢆᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚㸪᫬ィᅇࡾ࡟ 0㸪90㸪180㸪270 ᗘ

࡜ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡓᶍᘧᅗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋప㢖ᗘ่⃭㸦௨ୗᶆⓗ่⃭࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࡣୗ㢡ྑഃ➨୍኱⮻

ṑࡢᶍᘧᅗ㸪ࡲࡓ㧗㢖ᗘ่⃭㸦௨ୗ㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࡣୖ㢡ᕥഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ㸪ୗ㢡 ᕥഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ࠾ࡼࡧୖ㢡ྑഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࿊♧ヨᩱࢆᅗ2࡟♧ࡍࠋ 2)ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟

ᶆⓗ่⃭ࡣṇ❧ᩥᏐࠕ࢔ࠖ㸪ࡲࡓ㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭ࡣṇ❧ᩥᏐࠕ࣐ࠖ࡜ࠕ࢔ࠖࠕ࣐ࠖࡢ㙾ᫎ

ᩥᏐࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡜ྠᵝ࡟ヨᩱࢆ 90ᗘࡎࡘᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋ࿊

♧ヨᩱࢆᅗ3࡟♧ࡍࠋ 3)ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟

ᶆⓗ่⃭ࡣྑᡭࡢ➨2ᣦ㸪➨3ᣦࢆ❧࡚ࡿࢪ࢙ࢫࢳ࣮ࣕࡢᶍᘧᅗ㸪ࡲࡓ㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭

ࡣᕥᡭࡢ➨2ᣦ㸪➨3ᣦࢆ❧࡚ࡿࢪ࢙ࢫࢳ࣮ࣕ㸪ྑᡭࡢ➨4ᣦ㸪➨5ᣦࢆ❧࡚ࡿࢪ࢙

ࢫࢳ࣮ࣕ࠾ࡼࡧᕥᡭࡢ➨4ᣦ㸪➨5ᣦࢆ❧࡚ࡿࢪ࢙ࢫࢳ࣮ࣕࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࠕṑࠖ

ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡜ྠᵝ࡟ヨᩱࢆ90ᗘࡎࡘᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋ࿊♧ヨᩱࢆᅗ4࡟♧ࡍࠋ

࡞࠾㸪ᙧ≧ࡢつ๎ᛶ࠿ࡽุู᫬࡟ど㔝ࡢ࠶ࡿ୍Ⅼࡢࡳࡢจど࡟ࡼࡿㄆ▱ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ

࡟㸪ᙧ≧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚᪉ྥᛶࡢ⮬⏤ᗘࢆᣢࡓࡏࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪90ᗘࡎࡘᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡓ4✀㢮 ࡢ⏬ീࡢ㏆ᚰ఩࡟࣐࣮ࢡ㸦ⓑⅬ㸧ࢆ௜ࡅ࡚㸪ึࡵ࡟ᴫᙧࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆᐃࡵࡓᚋ࡟ࣃࢱ࣮

ࣥㄆ▱ࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺㈇Ⲵࢆ࠿ࡅࡓࠋ

ヨᩱࡣ㸪ከ┠ⓗ่⃭ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣛ㸦࣓ࢹ࢕࢝ࣝࢺࣛ࢖ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ Multi Trigger System 3

2001㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋྛヨᩱࡢ࿊♧᫬㛫ࡣ1500msec࡜ࡋ㸪ᶆⓗ่⃭࡜㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭

ࢆ2:8ࡢ๭ྜ࡛㸪࿊♧᪉ἲࡣ࢜ࢻ࣮࣎ࣝㄢ㢟࡟‽ࡌ࡚㸪1ㄢ㢟࡟ࡘࡁࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟500ᅇ

࿊♧ࡋࡓࠋㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ᙧ≧ㄆ▱ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ㸪⿕㦂⪅࡟ࡣᶆⓗ่⃭ࡀ࿊♧ࡉࢀࡓ᫬ࡢ

ࡳ࣎ࢱࣥᢲࡋࢆ⾜࠸ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ㝿㸪⿕㦂⪅࡟ࡣ⮬㌟ࡢᡭࢆ┠ど࡛ࡁ

࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࠋᅇ⟅᫬ࡢ⬻Ἴ࠿ࡽP300₯᫬࠾ࡼࡧP300᣺ᖜࢆ ᐃࡋ㸪ᐇ㦂ࡈ࡜࡟

཯ᛂ᫬㛫㸦่⃭㛤ጞ࠿ࡽ࣎ࢱࣥᢲࡋࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫㸧㸪ṇ⟅⋡ࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄆ

▱ᶵ⬟ࢆ཯ᫎࡍࡿP300ࡣ㸪ప㢖ᗘ่⃭࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓຍ⟬ᖹᆒἼᙧ࡟࠾࠸่࡚⃭㛤ጞ᫬ࡼ

ࡾ300㹼600msec㛫࡟᭱኱᣺ᖜࢆᣢࡘ㝧ᛶᡂศࢆP300᣺ᖜ࡜ࡋ㸪่⃭㛤ጞ࠿ࡽP300᣺

ᖜࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ࢆP300₯᫬࡜ࡋࡓࠋ᪉ྥ࡟ࡼࡿ㞟ィ࡜ㄢ㢟࡟ࡼࡿ㞟ィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪 ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡜ࠕᩥᏐࠖࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡜ࡢ㏆ఝᛶࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪0ᗘࡢ₯᫬300㹼600msec ࡢἼᙧᡂศ࡟࠾࠸࡚25msecࡈ࡜࡟ 12༊㛫ࡢ㠃✚ࢆồࡵࡑࢀࡒࢀ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᅇ ࡣ㸪P300ᡂศࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁࡃグ㘓࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿPz࠿ࡽᑟฟࡉࢀࡓᡂศ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋ ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪⬻Ἴ ᐃᚋ࡟ㄢ㢟ࡢ୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡢ᳨ウ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪どぬⓗホ౯ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ㸦VAS㸸 Visual Analogue Scale㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᅇ⟅ࡉࡏࡓࠋ

⤫ィฎ⌮ࡣ㸪⤫ィࢯࣇࢺ PASW Stastics18㸦࢚ࢫ࣭ࣆ࣮࣭࢚ࢫ࣭࢚ࢫᰴᘧ఍♫㸧ࢆ⏝

࠸㸪ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪉ྥ㛫ࡢẚ㍑࡜ࡋ࡚Wilcoxonࡢ➢ྕ௜ࡁ㡰఩᳨ᐃ㸪ㄢ㢟㛫ࡢẚ㍑࡜

ࡋ࡚Mann-WhitneyࡢU᳨ᐃࢆ⏝࠸࡚Bonferroniࡢㄪᩚࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ༴㝤⋡p㸺0.008㸪

p㸺0.017࡜ࡋ࡚ከ㔜ẚ㍑᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

ヨᩱࢆ࿊♧ࡍࡿ㡰␒࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㈇Ⲵࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡢࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ヨᩱࢆ࿊♧ࡍࡿ㡰␒

ࢆ⿕㦂⪅ࡈ࡜࡟ධࢀ᭰࠼㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡢ័ࢀ㸪⑂ປࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚㸪ᐇ㦂ࡢ‽ഛ࠿ࡽ⤊஢ࡲ࡛

ࢆ1ᅇ90ศ⛬ᗘ࡜ࡋ㸪ㄢ㢟ࡢ㛫࡟10ศ㛫ࡢఇᜥ᫬㛫ࢆタࡅࡓࠋ

࡞࠾ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪᪥ᮏ኱ᏛᯇᡞṑᏛ㒊೔⌮ጤဨ఍ࡢᢎㄆ㸦EC11-010㸧࡜㸪ྛ⿕㦂⪅࡟

ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂ࡢ㊃᪨ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋྠពࢆᚓ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

4

⤖ ᯝ

㸯㸬ㄢ㢟ࡢṇ⟅⋡

ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛99±2㸣㸪90ᗘ࡛99±3㸣㸪180ᗘ࡛97±4㸣㸪270

ᗘ࡛99±3㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛100±0㸣㸪90ᗘ࡛99±2㸣㸪180ᗘ࡛96±7㸣㸪 270ᗘ࡛98±3㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛98±3㸣㸪90ᗘ࡛98±3㸣㸪180ᗘ࡛97±4㸣㸪270 ᗘ࡛98±3㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ྛㄢ㢟࡜ࡶ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅗ5࡟♧ࡍࠋ

㸰㸬ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄆ▱ഴྥ

ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿP300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛423±105msec㸪 90ᗘ࡛470±97msec㸪180ᗘ࡛483±48msec㸪270ᗘ࡛471±94msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣ㸪 0ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪90ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪180ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪270ᗘ࡛“ȝ9࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛633±152msec㸪90ᗘ࡛716±127msec㸪180ᗘ࡛785±128msec㸪270 ᗘ࡛707±140msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

P300₯᫬ࡣ᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣ0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡜90 ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜270ᗘ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㸦p㸺0.008㸧ࠋᅗ6࡟♧ࡍࠋ

㸱㸬ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄆ▱ഴྥ

ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿP300₯᫬㸪P300᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛

394±36msec㸪90ᗘ࡛402±85msec㸪180ᗘ࡛489±79msec㸪270ᗘ࡛445±76msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

P300᣺ᖜࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪90ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪180ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪270ᗘ࡛“ȝ9

5

࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛466±79msec㸪90ᗘ࡛563±94msec㸪180ᗘ࡛760±162msec㸪 270ᗘ࡛574±110msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

P300₯᫬ࡣ0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪90ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪P300᣺ᖜࡣ0ᗘ࡜90ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪0 ᗘ࡜270ᗘ㸪཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡜90ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜270ᗘ㸪90ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪180 ᗘ࡜270ᗘ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㸦p㸺0.008㸧ࠋᅗ7࡟♧ࡍࠋ

㸲㸬ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄆ▱ഴྥ

ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿP300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛434±119msec㸪 90ᗘ࡛462±86msec㸪180ᗘ࡛448±71msec㸪270ᗘ࡛442±112msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣ㸪

0ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪90ᗘ࡛1“ȝ9㸪180ᗘ࡛“ȝ9㸪270ᗘ࡛“ȝ9࡛࠶ࡗ

ࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛628±110msec㸪90ᗘ࡛758±141msec㸪180ᗘ࡛736±133msec㸪270 ᗘ࡛644±126msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

P300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜࡣ᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡜90ᗘ㸪0ᗘ࡜180ᗘ㸪 90ᗘ࡜270ᗘ㸪180ᗘ࡜270ᗘ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㸦p㸺0.008㸧ࠋᅗ8࡟♧ࡍࠋ

㸳㸬ㄢ㢟ࡈ࡜ࡢẚ㍑

ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ P300 ₯᫬ࡣ 462±64msec㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ P300 ₯᫬ࡣ

432±49msec㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿP300₯᫬ࡣ447±72msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ

P300᣺ᖜࡣ“ȝ9㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿP300᣺ᖜࡣ“ȝ9㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾

ࡅࡿP300᣺ᖜࡣ“ȝ9࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ706±127msec㸪ࠕᩥ

Ꮠࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ569±99msec㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ685±118msec

࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᩥᏐࠖ㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㸦p㸺0.017㸧ࠋ ᅗ9࡟♧ࡍࠋ

6

㸴㸬ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡࡜୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘ

ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ98±2㸣㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ99±2㸣㸪ࠕᡭࠖ

ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ97±3㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡣ46±27㸪ࠕᩥ

Ꮠࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡣ24±15㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡣ50±19࡛

࠶ࡗࡓࠋࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᩥᏐࠖ㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖ࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㸦p㸺0.017㸧ࠋᅗ10࡟♧

ࡍࠋ

㸵㸬ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏆ఝᛶ

ㄢ㢟ࡢㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏆ఝᛶࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡈ࡜࡟₯᫬300㹼600msecࡢἼᙧ

ᡂศࢆ25msecࡈ࡜࡟12༊㛫ࡢ㠃✚ࢆồࡵẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪300㹼450msec㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕṑࠖ

࡜ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟㸪325㹼450msec㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕᩥᏐࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ ᅗ11࡟♧ࡍࠋ

⪃ ᐹ

㸯㸬ㄢ㢟㚷ู࡜ᚰⓗᅇ㌿

ே㛫ࡀᑐ㇟ࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ㸪ࢹ࣮ࢱ㥑ືᆺฎ⌮࡜࠸࠺ᑐ㇟⮬㌟ࡢ㍯㒌⥺ࡸ࢚ࢵࢪ࡜

࠸ࡗࡓ่⃭≉ᛶࢆᙉࡃཷࡅࡿ࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉⓗ࡞᝟ሗฎ⌮࡜㸪ᴫᛕ㥑ືᆺฎ⌮࡜࠸࠺グ

᠈࡟⵳࠼ࡽࢀࡓ᪥ᖖୡ⏺࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑࠿ࡽࡃࡿࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥⓗ࡞᝟ሗฎ⌮ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡣ࠶ࡿᑐ㇟✵㛫࠿ࡽ୙ኚ≉ᚩࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚㸪ࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽ

ࡉࡽ࡟≉ᚩࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆᢳฟࡋ㸪≉ᚩศᯒࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝿࡟ࡣධຊࡉࢀࡓಙྕࡢ

ࡳ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ὀពࡸ㐣ཤࡢ⤒㦂࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿᩥ⬦ࡶᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ¹⁷⁾࡜

࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

7

ṑ✀㚷ูࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᶆⓗ่⃭ࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟࠾ࡅࡿෆⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ᧯సࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿୖ

࡛㔜どࡉࢀࡿࡢࡀ㸪Shepard & Metzler¹⁸⁾ࡢᚰⓗᅇ㌿㸦mental rotation㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚰⓗᅇ㌿ࡢ Ꮡᅾࡣ㸪3ḟඖ❧యࡢ⥺⏬ࢆ่⃭ᅗᙧ࡜ࡋ࡚ゅᗘᕪࡢ␗࡞ࡿ2ࡘࡢᅗᙧࢆྠ᫬࡟࿊♧ࡋ㸪

❧య࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆ㢌ࡢ୰୍࡛᪉ࢆᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚ᙧ≧ࡀ୍⮴ࡍࡿ࠿ࢆุ᩿ࡉࡏࡿㄆ▱ᐇ㦂࡛

ド᫂ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᅇ㌿ࡋࡓ≀యࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿሙྜ㸪࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡋࡓ≀యࢆ㢌ࡢ

୰࡛ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚ᙧ≧ㄆ▱ࢆ⾜࠺ࡲ࡛࡟ࡣ㸪୍ᐃࡢ᫬㛫ࢆせࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟

ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ุ᩿࡟せࡍࡿ᫬㛫ࡣ่⃭⏬ീ㛫ࡢゅᗘᕪࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝ẚ౛ࡋ࡚ᘏ㛗 ࡍࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓCooperࡽ¹⁹⁾ࡣ㸪❧యⓗ࡞ᅗᙧࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᚰⓗᅇ㌿ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜

࠸㸪ᅇ㌿ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡛ࡶ࿊♧ᅗᙧ࡜ྠࡌ࡜ุ᩿ࡍࡿࡢ࡟1⛊๓ᚋࡢ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࢆせࡋࡓ ࡀ㸪ᅇ㌿ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣᴟࡵ࡚つ๎ⓗ࡟ᘏ㛗ࡋࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡣ㢌ࡢ୰࡛ᚰⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᅇ㌿ࡍࡿ㏿ᗘࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᐑ㇂

ࡽ²⁰⁾ࡶ࢝ࢱ࢝ࢼࢆ⏝࠸ࡓྠᵝ࡞ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ᅇ㌿ゅᗘࡀ0㹼320ᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ᮲௳ୗ࡛⾜ࡗ ࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪160㹼200ᗘ௜㏆࡛཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ⣙700msec࡟ᘏ㛗ࡋࡓ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᐇ㦂 ࡢ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡛633㹼785msec㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡛466㹼760msec㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡛

628㹼758msec࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࿊♧ヨᩱࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡀ࡯ࡰྠᵝ࡞཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪㺀ṑ㺁

࠾ࡼࡧࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡛ࡣᅇ㌿ゅᗘࡢቑຍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ180ᗘ࡛᭱኱࡟ᘏ㛗ࡋ㸪 270ᗘ࡛▷ࡃ࡞ࡿഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋ㺀ᡭ㺁ㄢ㢟࡛ࡣ90ᗘࡢ཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡛ࡸࡸᘏ㛗ഴྥࡶ

ㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪௚᪉ྥ࡛ࡣࠕṑࠖࡸ㺀ᩥᏐ㺁࡜ྠᵝ࡞ഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣᚰⓗ࢖࣓࣮

ࢪࡢᅇ㌿↷ྜ࡟࠿࠿ࡿᡤ⏝᫬㛫ࡀゅᗘࡢቑຍ࡟క࠸ຍ⟬ࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀ㸪㢌ࡢ

୰࡛ヨᩱࢆᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ0ᗘ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡀṇࡋ࠸ࡢ࠿ྰ࠿ࡢุ᩿ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪180 ᗘ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ 270 ᗘࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡲࡲ᫬ィᅇࡾ࡟

270ᗘᅇ㌿ࡋ࡚0ᗘ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪཯᫬ィᅇࡾ࡛90ᗘᅇ㌿ࡉࡏ࡚ㄆ▱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓ

ࡵ࡟㸪ᅇ㌿↷ྜ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ࣄࢺࡀᑐ

㇟ࢆㄆ▱ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ㸪ゝㄒⓗ࡟࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡉࢀࡿሙྜ㸦ゝㄒⓗࢥ࣮ࢻ㸧࡜⤮⏬ⓗ࡟࢖࣓࣮

8

ࢪࡉࢀࡿሙྜ㸦⤮⏬ⓗࢥ࣮ࢻ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪௒ᅇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽヨᩱࢆ⤮⏬ⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡜ࡋ

࡚ㄆ㆑ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ㢌ࡢ୰࡛ᅇ㌿ࡉࡏุ࡚᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿

ࡽ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂ㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟ࡼࡿㄆ▱ࡣṇࡋࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

㸰㸬ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄆ▱ഴྥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿṇ⟅⋡ࡣ㸪࿊♧᪉ྥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐪࠸ࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᪉ྥ࡛㠀 ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ṇ⟅⋡࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪࿊♧᪉ྥ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࡣ㸪⿕㦂⪅ࡢุ᩿ᛂ⟅

࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ♧ࡉ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ⬻ㄆ▱࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ࡝

ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⤒࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸪ERPᡂศࡢP300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࢆ᳨ウࡋ ࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࡑࡢⓎ⌧࡟㐪࠸ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋ

ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪180ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶᘏ㛗ഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ P300᣺ᖜࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱኱㸪180ᗘ࡛᭱ᑠ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪180ᗘ࡛

᭱ࡶᘏ㛗ࡋࡓࠋࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪180ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶᘏ㛗 ࡋࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱኱㸪180ᗘ࡛᭱ᑠ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪180 ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶᘏ㛗ࡋࡓࠋࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪P300₯᫬ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪90ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶᘏ 㛗ഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱኱ഴྥࢆㄆࡵ㸪90ᗘ࡛᭱ᑠഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ཯ᛂ

᫬㛫ࡣ0ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪90ᗘ࡛᭱ࡶᘏ㛗ࡋࡓࠋ

ERPἼᙧᡂศࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㸪P300ࡣ⬟ືⓗ࡟᝟ሗࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡢ⬻ෆࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟㛵㐃 ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ¹¹⁾࡜࠸ࢃࢀ㸪ㄢ㢟࡟ࡼࡾᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡸࡍࡃㄆ▱ᶵ⬟ࢆ཯ᫎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋP300₯᫬ࡣ่⃭ホ౯᫬㛫ࢆ㸪P300᣺ᖜࡣㄆ▱㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩥ⬦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣసᴗ グ᠈ࡢ᭦᪂ࡸㄢ㢟㐙⾜࡟ᚲせ࡞ฎ⌮ᐜ㔞ࢆ཯ᫎࡍࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ㸪P300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜࡣ㸪ㄢ 㢟ࡀᅔ㞴࡟࡞ࡿ࡜₯᫬ࡀᘏ㛗ࡋ㸪᣺ᖜࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ࡜^21㸪22)ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸

ࡿࠋࡲࡓP300࡜ྠᵝࡢᣦᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪⬻ෆࡢ่⃭ฎ⌮⣔࡜ุ᩿ᚋ࣎ࢱࣥ

ᢲࡋ࡞࡝ࡢ཯ᛂฎ⌮⣔ࡢ୧⪅࠿ࡽᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ²³⁾࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᚑ᮶࠿ࡽホ౯㡯┠

9

࡜ࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂࡟ከ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ²⁴⁾ࠋ

ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢࠕṑࠖࡢ㚷ู࡛ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡀ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ

▷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪௚ࡢ᪉ྥ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ฎ⌮ᐜ㔞࡛㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ᝟ሗฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡀ᪩

࠸ࡓࡵㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ0ᗘࡣ㢋ഃࡀୖ᪉ࢆྥ࠸ࡓ≧ែ

࡛㸪ᩍ⛉᭩࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡃグ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ࡼࡃぢࡿ᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪 ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᏛ⩦ຠᯝ࠿ࡽᙧᘧ▱࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᩍ⛉᭩ⓗࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ⥺⏬ࡢࣃ

ࢱ࣮࣐ࣥࢵࢳࣥࢢࡀࡋࡸࡍࡃ㸪≉ᚩᢳฟࡋࡸࡍ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋඛ⾜◊✲࡛࠶ࡿ

ᾏ⪁ཎ¹³⁾ࡢሗ࿌࡜ྠᵝࡢṑ✀࡛࠶ࡿୗ㢡ྑഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑࡢ࿊♧ヨᩱ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪₯᫬㸪

᣺ᖜࡣ࡯ࡰྠࡌഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋṑࡢ㚷ู᫬ࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟ࡣ㸪ṑࡢ㚷ู᫬ࡢࣃࢱ࣮

ࣥㄆ▱࡟ࡣ㸪≉ᚩࢆᢳฟࡋ࡞ࡀࡽุ᩿ࡍࡿ࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉⓗ࡞≉ᚩศᯒࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿ᝟

ሗฎ⌮࡜ྠ᫬࡟ᩍ⛉᭩ⓗ࡞▱㆑࡟ࡼࡿᩥ⬦ຠᯝࡀᙉࡃ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࠕᩥᏐࠖࡢ㚷ู࡛ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡀ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞

ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࠕṑࠖࡢ㚷ู࡜ྠᵝ࡟௚ࡢ᪉ྥ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ฎ⌮ᐜ㔞࡛㸪཯ᛂฎ⌮᫬

㛫ࡀ᪩࠸ࡓࡵㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ180ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣP300

₯᫬ࡢᘏ㛗㸪᣺ᖜࡢῶᑡ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ከࡃࡢฎ⌮ᐜ㔞ࡀᚲせ

࡛᝟ሗฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵㄆ▱ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋᩥ

Ꮠࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡟0ᗘࡢ఩⨨࡛ᙧࢆ⩦ᚓࡋ㸪᪥ᖖ⏕ά࡟࠾࠸࡚౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪௒ᅇ

౑⏝ࡋࡓᩥᏐࡣ࢝ࢱ࢝ࢼ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᩥᏐࡢᛶ㉁ୖ㸪Ⅼࡸ┤⥺࡞࡝ࡢ༢⣧໬ࡉࢀࡓᵓ㐀ࡢ ࡓࡵ≉ᚩᢳฟࡸᙧ≧ㄆ▱ࡣࡋࡸࡍ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ಽ❧ീ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ180ᗘࡢᩥ

Ꮠㄆ㆑ࡣ㸪࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉⓗ࡞᝟ሗฎ⌮ࡸࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥⓗ࡞᝟ሗฎ⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣྍ⬟

࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡀ㸪0ᗘ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ᅇ㌿↷ྜࡢࡋ࡟ࡃࡉࡣྰࡵ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪P300᣺ᖜ ࡢῶᑡࡸ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࡀㄆࡵࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࠕᡭࠖࡢ㚷ู࡛ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡀ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࠕṑࠖࡢ㚷ู࡜ྠᵝ࡟௚ࡢ᪉ྥ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᑡ࡞࠸ฎ⌮ᐜ㔞࡛㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶ᝟ሗฎ

10

⌮᫬㛫ࡀ᪩࠸ࡓࡵㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓ90ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ P300₯᫬ࡢᘏ㛗㸪᣺ᖜࡢῶᑡ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࢆㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ከࡃࡢฎ⌮ᐜ 㔞ࡀᚲせ࡛㸪᝟ሗฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵㄆ▱ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀

ࡉࢀࡓࠋAmorimࡽ²⁵⁾ࡣ㸪≀యࡢどぬⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡿᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ᅇ

㌿࡜ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ᐇ㝿࡟ᡭࢆᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᚰⓗᅇ㌿ࡢຠ⋡ࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ

ሗ࿌ࡋ㸪▼ᶫ²⁶⁾ࡣ≀యࡸᩥᏐ➼ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿሙྜ࡜␗࡞ࡾ㸪཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀᐇ㝿ࡢᡭࡢ㐠ືไ

⣙࡟༶ࡋ㸪⿕㦂⪅⮬㌟ࡢᡭࡢ≧ែࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᐇ㦂࡛ㄆ▱ࡋ࡟

ࡃ࠸࡜ࡉࢀࡓ90ᗘࡣ㸪⮬ศࡢᡭࢆࡶ࡜࡟࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡍࡿ࡟ࡣᅔ㞴࡞ゅᗘ࡛㸪௚ࡢ᪉ྥ࡟

ẚ࡭㸪P300₯᫬ࡢᘏ㛗㸪᣺ᖜࡢῶᑡ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࢆㄆࡵࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ ࡢ㐠ືไ⣙ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠕṑࠖࠕᩥᏐࠖࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᅇ㌿ゅᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ≉ᚩࡢ 㐪࠸ࢆᢳฟ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

㸱㸬ㄢ㢟ࡢ㞴᫆ᛶ࡜ㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣⛬ࡢ㏆ఝᛶ

ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪ࠕṑࠖࠕᩥᏐࠖࠕᡭࠖࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ㄆ▱㐣⛬࡟࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࡢ㐪࠸

ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿㸪ࡲࡓ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ㛫ࡢ㏆ఝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ERPࡸ཯ᛂ᫬㛫➼ࡢ ᐃ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽㄆ

▱ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗ࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᮏᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚P300₯᫬ࡣࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡀ432msec࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟

࡛447 msec㸪ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ462 msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋP300᣺ᖜࡣࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡀȝ9࡛᭱ࡶ

኱ࡁࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ࠕᡭࠖ࡜ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡢȝ9࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡣࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡀ569msec

࡛᭱ࡶ▷ࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡛685 msec㸪ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ706 msec࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋVAS࡟࠾

ࡅࡿㄢ㢟ࡢ୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡣ㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡀ24࡛᭱ࡶᑠࡉࡃ㸪ḟ࠸࡛ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡛46㸪 ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ50࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪ࠕᡭࠖࠕṑࠖ࡟ẚ࡭P300₯᫬ࡀ▷ࡃ㸪P300᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬

11

㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘࡀ᭱ࡶప࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ௚ㄢ㢟࡟ẚ࡭ㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂

ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏᐇ㦂ࡢࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡣࠕṑࠖࡸࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡜ẚ࡭㸪⡆༢࡞ᙧ≧࠿ࡽ

࣐ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡀᐜ࡛᫆࠶ࡿࡓࡵຠ⋡ⓗ࡟ฎ⌮ࡉࢀ㸪ࡑࡢࡓࡵฎ⌮ᐜ㔞࡟వ⿱ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪᝟

ሗฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࠕṑࠖࡢእᙧࡸည㢌ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡞࡝ࡢᙧ≧ⓗ≉ᚩ ࡣ㸪୍⯡ⓗ࡞᪤▱ࡢ▱㆑࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᩥ⬦ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥⓗ࡞ฎ⌮ࡀᅔ㞴

࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠕṑࠖࡣࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟ẚ࡭㞴᫆ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪P300₯

᫬ࡀᘏ㛗ࡋ㸪᣺ᖜࡢపୗ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࢆண᝿ࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛

ࡣ㸪ࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪P300 ₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫㸪୺ほⓗ㞴᫆ᗘ

࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣㄆࡵ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪௒ᅇࡢ⿕㦂⪅ࡀ⮫ᗋᐇ⩦୰ࡢṑ⛉Ꮫ⏕࡛㸪పᏛ ᖺ࠿ࡽᇶ♏㸪⮫ᗋㅮ⩏ࡸᐇ⩦࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ṑࡢゎ๗Ꮫⓗ≉ᚩ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ▱㆑ࢆ᪤࡟⩦ᚓ ࡋ㸪ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡢ㚷ูṇゎ⋡ࡀ97㹼99㸣࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡜ྠࡌ⛬ᗘࡢ≉ᚩ ᢳฟ࡜࠸࠺ᑓ㛛▱㆑ࡢ⋓ᚓࡀᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ

ධᡞ㔝²⁷⁾ࡣ㸪time-windowࡀ㛗ࡃ」ᩘࡢᡂศࡀ㔜␚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ㸪᫬㛫࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡈ࡜

࡟⤫ィ᳨ウࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛☜࠿ࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛㏻ᖖP300ᡂศࡢẚ㍑ࡣ㸪 Ỵࡵࡽࢀࡓtime-windowෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡬Ⅼ₯᫬ࡸ㡬Ⅼ᣺ᖜࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ㄢ㢟ࡢㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ

⌮㐣⛬ࡢ㏆ఝᛶࢆẚ㍑᳨ウࡍࡿሙྜ㸪P300ᡂศࡢ㡬Ⅼ₯᫬ࡸ㡬Ⅼ᣺ᖜࡢࡼ࠺࡞࠶ࡿ୍

Ⅼࡢࡳࡢẚ㍑ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ୙༑ศ࡜⪃࠼㸪₯᫬300㹼600msec࡟ࡘ࠸࡚25msecࡈ࡜࡟㠃✚ࢆ

ồࡵ㸪᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣⛬ࡢ᫬㛫ᖏࡈ࡜ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ẚ㍑᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪300㹼450msec 㛫࡛ࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟㸪325㹼450msec㛫࡛ࠕᩥᏐࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵ

ࡓࠋ

P300ࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡟P3a࡜P3bࡢ2ࡘࡢᡂศࡀ㔜␚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪P3aࡣ P3b ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㸪₯᫬ࡀ60㹼80msec▷ࡃ㸪๓㢌-୰ᚰ㒊ᐤࡾ࡟ศᕸࡋ㸪P3a ࡣὀពࡢᐃ఩

࡟㸪P3bࡣㄆ▱➢ྕ໬ฎ⌮ࡢ⤊⤖࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣసᴗグ᠈ࡢ᭦᪂࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ^28㸪29)࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋᮏᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ300㹼450msecࡣุ᩿࡟࠾ࡅࡿὀពࡢᐃ఩࡞࡝ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟㏆

12

࠸ฎ⌮㐣⛬࡛࠶ࡿP3aᡂศ࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪≉ᚩᢳฟ ࡢ㞴᫆ᗘࡶపࡃ㸪ᩥ⬦ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥฎ⨨ࡀᐜ᫆࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽㄆ▱᝟ሗ ฎ⌮㐣⛬ࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࡶ᪩ᮇ࡟ཷືⓗὀព࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁฟࡉࢀࡓホ౯㐣⛬࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ P3a ᡂศࡀඃ఩࡟ฟ⌧ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㌟యࡢ୍㒊࡛࠶ࡿࠕᡭࠖࡢㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣⛬ࡣ㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧែ࡞࡝ࡢᩥ

⬦ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥฎ⌮࡜㐠ືไ⣙ࡸ⮬ᕫ୰ᚰཧ↷ᯟ¹³⁾࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞⬻ෆ

࡟࠾࠸࡚࢖࣓࣮ࢪ⏕ᡂࡸኚ᥮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㌟యᅗᘧࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓグ᠈ࡸ▱㆑ࡢ↷ྜࢆࡋ࡞ࡀ

ࡽฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪⮬ᕫ୰ᚰཧ↷ᯟ࡛ࡶ≉࡟㌟య୰ᚰཧ

↷ᯟࡢ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࠕᡭࠖ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪㢌㒊࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓᗙᶆ⣔࡛࠶ࡿ

ࠕṑࠖࡀྠࡌ㌟యཧ↷ᯟࡢ୰࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵ಀᛶࢆᣢࡘ࠿㸪₯᫬ 300㹼600msec㛫ࢆ

25msecࡈ࡜࡟༊ศࡅࡋ㸪P300࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࢆヨࡳࡓࡀ㸪ࡑࡢᕪࢆぢฟࡍ࡟ࡣ⮳

ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

13

⤖ ㄽ

ṑ✀㚷ู᫬ࡢㄆ▱㐣⛬ࡢゎ᫂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ㸪␗࡞ࡿ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮࡛ࣜ࠶ࡿࠕᩥᏐࠖࡸࠕᡭࠖ

ࡢㄆ▱㐣⛬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄆ▱ᚰ⌮ᏛⓗほⅬ࠿ࡽP300₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫➼ࢆ⏝࠸࡚

᳨ウࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪௨ୗࡢ⤖ㄽࢆᚓࡓࠋ

㸯㸬ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡣ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㸰㸬ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡣ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞

ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪180ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡢᘏ㛗㸪᣺ᖜࡢῶᑡ

࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᘏ㛗ࢆㄆࡵࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ㄆ▱ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㸱㸬ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪0ᗘ࡛P300₯᫬ࡣ▷ࡃ㸪᣺ᖜࡢቑຍ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ㄆ▱ࡋࡸࡍ࠸᪉ྥ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㸲㸬ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡣ㸪ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟ẚ࡭㞴᫆ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡜ㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣

⛬࡟࠾࠸࡚㏆ఝᛶࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡟㸪P300ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ṑ✀㚷ูࡢㄢ㢟㐙⾜᫬ࡢ㌟యᅗᘧ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ⬻ෆ᝟ሗฎ

⌮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄆ▱ᚰ⌮Ꮫⓗ࡟᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ṑ✀㚷ู࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱ࡣࠕᩥ

Ꮠࠖ࡟ẚ࡭㸪ࠕṑࠖ࡜ࠕᡭࠖࡣࡼࡾ㧗ᗘ࡞ㄆ▱ᶵ⬟ࡀ⾜࡞ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᥎ᐹࡉࢀ㸪 ㄆ▱᝟ሗฎ⌮㐣⛬࡟㏆ఝᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

14

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

1) ➲ཎᘅ㔜㸪ఀ⸨Ꮥカ㸪ᡞ⏣༤ᩥ㸪௚㸸ṑ⛉་ᖌࡢ㹖⥺デ᩿㐣⛬࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ

㆑ʊ᰿ᑤᛶṑ࿘⅖ࡢᶆ‽ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢᢳฟ࡜ㄆ㆑ʊ㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪5㸸98-105㸪1992㸬 2) ᒣ㔝༤ྍ㸪➲ཎᘅ㔜㸪㡢⍆୕㑻㸪௚㸸࢔࢖࣐࣮ࢡࣞࢥ࣮ࢻࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡼࡿㄞᙳ⪅ࡢ

どぬ⾜ື㸬ṑᨺ⥺㸪14㸸1-7㸪1974㸬

3) ஭ฟኍஓ㸸どぬ⾜ື࡟ࡼࡿX⥺ㄞᙳ᫬ࡢデ᩿ᛮ⪃㐣⛬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪6㸸 216-226㸪1993㸬

4) ఀ⸨Ꮥカ㸪ᡞ⏣༤ᩥ㸸ࣃࣀ࣐ࣛ㹖⥺෗┿ㄞᙳ᫬࡟࠾ࡅࡿṑ⛉་ᖌࡢពᛮỴᐃ࡜ὀど

Ⅼゎᯒ㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪13㸸29-41㸪2000㸬

5) 㛵┿அ㸸஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩࡟ࡼࡿṑ⛉་ᖌࡢㄆ▱㐣⛬࡟㛵ࡍࡿᇶ♏ⓗ᳨ウ㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪 7㸸213-227㸪1994㸬

6) 㟷ᮌఙ୍㑻㸸஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩࡟ࡼࡿṑ⛉Ꮫ⏕ࡢᏛ⩦฼ᚓ࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄆ▱⛉Ꮫⓗ᳨ウ㸬᪥

ཱྀデㄅ㸪11㸸205-219㸪1998㸬

7) ஭⏣⪽Ꮚ㸸┤ឤⓗᛮ⪃ᵝᘧ࡟㛵㐃ࡋࡓ஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩ࡢᡂศศᯒ㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪18㸸

189-198㸪2005㸬

8) N ࢒࢒ W࢒ QHQ㸪R.㸪Gaillad㸪A.W.K. and M ࢒QW\VDOR㸪S.: Early selective attention effect on evoked potential reinterpreted. Acta Psychologica 42㸸313-329㸪1978.

9) Ritter㸪W. and Vaughan㸪H.G.: Average evoked responses in vigilance and discrimination. Science 164㸸326-328㸪1969㸬

10) Kutas㸪M.㸪McCarthy㸪G.㸪Donchin㸪E.: Augmenting mental chronometry㸸The P300 as a measure of stimulus evaluation time. Science㸪197㸸792-795㸪1977.

11) ධᡞ㔝ᏹ㸸ᚰ⌮Ꮫࡢࡓࡵࡢ஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩࢞࢖ࢻࣈࢵࢡ㸬➨3∧㸪໭኱㊰᭩ᡣ㸪ᮾ

ி㸪pp.18-26㸪2009.

15

12) ኱ᒣ࿴ḟ㸪㟷ᮌఙ୍㑻㸸ṑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟࠾ࡅࡿゎ๗Ꮫⓗᵓᡂせ⣲ࡢᙺ๭㸬᪥ཱྀ

デㄅ㸪25㸸113-120㸪2012㸬

13) ᾏ⪁ཎᬛᗣ㸸ṑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥㄆ▱࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠺஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩ࡢኚ

໬㸬᪥ཱྀデㄅ㸪26㸸141-148㸪2013.

14) ஝ᩄ㑻㸪ྜྷᕝᕥ⣖Ꮚ㸪ᕝཱྀ₶㸸ࡼࡃࢃ࠿ࡿㄆ▱⛉Ꮫ㸬➨1∧㸪࣑ࢿࣦࣝ࢓᭩

ᡣ㸪ி㒔㸪pp60-65㸪2010㸬

15) ᮅ಴ᬸᙪ㸪Ỉཎၨ᭐㸪➲ᒸ㈗ྐ㸪௚㸸㌟యᅗᘧࢆᇶ♏࡜ࡋࡓືⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ⏕ᡂࡢ⬻

ෆ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸦2㸧ʊ≀యࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪᶵ⬟࡜ㄆ㆑ʊ㸪ಙᏛᢏሗ. NC㸪2010-147㸸119-124㸪 2011.

16) Wexler㸪M.㸪Kosslyn㸪S.M. and Berthoz㸪A.: Motor processes in mental rotation. Cognition㸪68㸸 77-94㸪1998.

17) ඵᮌ᫛ᏹ㸸▱ぬ࡜ㄆ▱.➨1∧㸪ᇵ㢼㤋㸪ᮾி㸪pp.84-97㸪2004.

18) Shepard㸪R.N. and Metzler㸪J.: Mental rotation of three-dimentional objects. Science㸪171㸸701-703㸪 1971.

19) Cooper㸪L.A.㸪and Shepard㸪R.N.: Turning something over in the mind㸬Scientific American㸪 12㸸106-115㸪1984.

20) ᐑ㇂┿ே㸪Ọ㔝┿⣖Ꮚ㸸ᩥᏐࡢᚰⓗᅇ㌿࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠺஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩ࡢኚ໬㸬ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ

኱Ꮫ㝔ᩍ⫱◊Ꮫ⛉⣖せ㸪51㸸187-194㸪2002.

21) Donchin㸪E. and Coles㸪M.G.H.:Is the P300 component a measure of context updating? Behavioral and brain Sciences. Science㸪11㸸357-374㸪1988.

22) Cacippo㸪J.T.㸪Crites㸪S.L.Jr.㸪Gardner㸪W.L.㸪et al.: Bioelectrical echoes from evaluative categorizations㸸I.A late positive brain potential that varies as a function of trait negativity and extremity. J Personality and Social Psychol㸪67㸸115-125㸪1994.

16

23)኱἟Ṍ㸪ᮌᮧ᱁㸪ᡂᕝᘯ἞㸪௚㸸⫈ぬᘚูసᴗ᫬ࡢ஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩࡜཯ᛂ᫬㛫࡜

ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ʊṇᖖ⪅࡛ࡢ᳨ウʊ㸬⮫⚄⤒㸪28㸸781-788㸪1988㸬

24)஭ୖ⏤⣖Ꮚ㸪ᒣ᰿୍ே㸪኱Ἑಇ༤㸸཯ᛂ᫬㛫ࡢᏛ⩦ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ʊ≉࡟೺ᖖே࡟ᑐ ࡍࡿ᳨⣴ʊ㸬⌮⒪ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㐠ື⏕⌮㸪6:1-4㸪1991㸬

25) Amorim㸪M.A.㸪Isableu㸪B.㸪and Jarraya㸪M.: Embodied spatial transformation㸹body analogy for the mental rotation of objects.J.Exp.Psychol.Gen.㸪135㸸327-347㸪2006.

26)▼ᶫ㑈㸸ᡭࡢ࣓ࣥࢱ࣮ࣝࣟࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⿕㦂⪅⮬㌟ࡢᡭࡢ≧ែࡢᙳ㡪㸬 㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ᢏ⾡◊✲ሗ࿌. HIP㸪ࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥ᝟ሗฎ⌮㸪105㸸125-129㸪2005㸬 27) ධᡞ㔝 ᏹ㸸஦㇟㛵㐃㟁఩(ERP)࡜ㄆ▱άື㸸ᕤᏛᚰ⌮Ꮫ࡛ࡢ฼⏝ࢆ౛࡟㸬⾜ື⛉

Ꮫ㸪42㸸25-35㸪2003㸬

28) Halgren㸪E.㸪Marinkovic㸪K. and Chauvel㸪P.: Generators of the late cognitive potentials in auditory and visual oddball tasks. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol㸪106㸸156-164㸪1998.

29) Knight㸪R. T.㸪and Scabini㸪D.: Anatomic bases of event-related potentials and their relationship to novelty detection in humans. J Clin Neurophysiol㸪15㸸3-13㸪1998.

17

ⱥᩥᢒ㘓㸸

Event-related potentials related to pattern recognition of teeth based on body schema KATSUHIKO KUWAHARA

Abstract:

This study was compared about the cognitive process of letters,hands and tooth types differentiation using P300 which are waveform components of ERP.

We instructed 17 fifth-year clinical interns to examine diagrams of teeth, letters, and hands rotated at varying degrees. Based on waveforms elicited in the medial parietal region,P300 latency and amplitude, correct response rates, and reaction times were determined. We also measuredthe area of the twelve segments between 300 and 600 msec.

The results show that the P300 latency for toothdifferentiation is longer, P300 amplitudes smaller, and reaction times longer than for letter differentiation. However, the three parameters for tooth differentiation were generally comparable to those for handdifferentiation. Differences in the area for segments from 300 to 450 msec were observed between teeth and letters and between letters and hands.

Theresults suggest that the difficulty of cognitive processing for differentiating teeth is similar to that for hands, but greater than for letters.

18

ᅗ

㻲㻼㼦

㻼㼦

㻾

㻾

⏬ീ࿊♧⏝䝰䝙䝍䞊 㻔㻵㻙㻻㻌㻰㻭㼀㻭㻕

㻹㼡㼘㼠㼕㻌㻌㼀㼞㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞㻌 㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㻞㻜㻜㻝

㻔䝯䝕䜱䜹䝹䝖䝷䜲䝅䝇䝔䝮䠅

㻿㼣㼕㼠㼏㼔

ゎᯒ⏝䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍

䠄㻺㻱㻯㻕

㻿㼔㼕㼑㼘㼐㻌 㻾㼛㼛㼙

㻿㼅㻺㻭㻲㻵㼀㻌㻱㻱㻡㻤㻜㻜

㼀㼞㼕㼓㼓㼑㼞

䠄᪥ᮏ㻳㻱䝬䝹䜿䝑䝖䠅

㻮㼞㼍㼕㼚㻌㼃㼍㼢㼑

㻰㼍㼠㼍

㻱㼍㼞㼠㼔

ᅗ (53 ᐃゎᯒࢩࢫࢸ࣒

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ 0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ୗ㢡ྑഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ䠅 㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ୖ㢡ᕥഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ䠅

㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ୗ㢡ᕥഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ䠅 㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ୖ㢡ྑഃ➨୍኱⮻ṑ䠅

ᅗ ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟࡟⏝࠸ࡓᶍᘧᅗ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ṇ❧ᩥᏐ䛂䜰䛃䠅 㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ṇ❧ᩥᏐ䛂䝬䛃䠅

㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄㙾ᫎᩥᏐ䛂䜰䛃 䠅 㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄㙾ᫎᩥᏐ䛂䝬䛃䠅

ᅗ ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟࡟⏝࠸ࡓᶍᘧᅗ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ 0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

0ᗘ 90ᗘ 180ᗘ 270ᗘ

ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ྑᡭ➨ 2 ᣦ䠈➨ 3 ᣦ䠅

㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ྑᡭ➨ 4 ᣦ䠈➨ 5 ᣦ䠅

㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ᕥᡭ➨ 2 ᣦ䠈➨ 3 ᣦ䠅

㠀ᶆⓗ่⃭䠄ᕥᡭ➨ 4 ᣦ䠈➨ 5 ᣦ䠅

ᅗ ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟࡟⏝࠸ࡓᶍᘧᅗ

0 20 40 60 80 100

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

ᅗ ㄢ㢟ࡢṇ⟅⋡

ࠕṑࠖ ࠕᩥᏐࠖ ࠕᡭࠖ

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㼃㼕㼘㼏㼛㼤㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻜㻤㻕㻌 0

20 40 60 80 100

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

0 20 40 60 80 100

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

䠂㻌 䠂㻌 䠂㻌

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

*

* * 3 ₯᫬ 3 ᣺ᖜ ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

ᅗ ࠕṑࠖㄢ㢟ࡢゅᗘู3₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

0 5 10 15 20 25

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻 0

100 200 300 400 500 600

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

* *

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌 䃛㼂㻌 㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㼃㼕㼘㼏㼛㼤㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻜㻤㻕㻌

0 5 10 15 20 25

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

*

*

*

*

* 3 ₯᫬ 3 ᣺ᖜ ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

ᅗ ࠕᩥᏐࠖㄢ㢟ࡢゅᗘู3₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

* *

* *

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌

*

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㼃㼕㼘㼏㼛㼤㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻜㻤㻕㻌

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

*

* *

* 3 ₯᫬ 3 ᣺ᖜ ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

ᅗ ࠕᡭࠖㄢ㢟ࡢゅᗘู3₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

0 5 10 15 20 25

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻 0

100 200 300 400 500 600

0㼻 90㼻 180㼻 270㼻

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌 䃛㼂㻌 㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㼃㼕㼘㼏㼛㼤㼛㼚䇻㼟㻌㼞㼍㼚㼗㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻜㻤㻕㻌

3 ₯᫬ 3 ᣺ᖜ

ᅗ ㄢ㢟ࡈ࡜ࡢ3₯᫬㸪᣺ᖜ࠾ࡼࡧ཯ᛂ᫬㛫

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

ṑ ᩥᏐ ᡭ

0 5 10 15 20 25

ṑ ᩥᏐ ᡭ

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌 䃛㼂㻌

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㻹㼍㼚㼚䇵㼃㼔㼕㼠㼚㼑㼥㻌㼁㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌 0

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000

ṑ ᩥᏐ ᡭ

཯ᛂ᫬㛫

* *

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌

0 20 40 60 80 100

ṑ ᩥᏐ ᡭ

ṇ⟅⋡

ᅗ ㄢ㢟ࡈ࡜ࡢṇ⟅⋡㸪㞴᫆ᗘ

䠂㻌

0 20 40 60 80 100

ṑ ᩥᏐ ᡭ

* *

㼂㻭㻿ホᐃ್㻌

㼚㻩㻝㻣㻘㻌㻹㼑㼍㼚㻔㻿㻰㻕㻘㻌

䠆㻹㼍㼚㼚䇵㼃㼔㼕㼠㼚㼑㼥㻌㼁㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌

㞴᫆ᗘ

20 15 10 5 0 -5

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

20 15 10 5 0 -5

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

ṑ

ᩥᏐ ᡭ 20

15 10 5 0 -5

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800

ࠕṑࠖࠕᩥᏐࠖ ࠕṑࠖࠕᡭࠖ

ࠕᩥᏐࠖࠕᡭࠖ

㻹㼍㼚㼚䇵㼃㼔㼕㼠㼚㼑㼥㻌㼁㻌㼠㼑㼟㼠㻌㻔㼜㻨㻜㻚㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌 㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌

㼙㼟㼑㼏㻌 䃛㼂㻌

䃛㼂㻌

䃛㼂㻌

ᅗ ㄢ㢟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㠃✚ࡢẚ㍑

㻟㻜㻜㻌 㻠㻡㻜㻌

㻟㻞㻡㻌 㻠㻡㻜㻌

0ᗘ䛾₯᫬300䡚600msec䛾Ἴᙧᡂศ䛻䛚䛔䛶25msec䛤䛸䛻 12༊㛫䛾㠃✚䜢ồ䜑䛯䠄㼚㻩㻝㻣䠅㻌䚹ㄢ㢟㛫䛻᭷ពᕪ䜢ㄆ䜑䛯༊

㛫䜢ᯟ⥺䛷♧䛩䚹㻌