Location memory of visual patterns modulated by preference(Summary of Awarded Presentation at the 27th Annual Meeting)

The Japanese Psychonomic Society

NII-Electronic Library Service The JapanesePsychonomic Society

The

.tapanese

JozamalofFsyehonomicSctence

2009,

'Vol,

28,No,1,163-164

Summaryof

Awarded

PresentationIP14

Location

memory

of

visualpatternsmodulated

by

preferencei)

Junichi

Dopartment

of

Rgycholegy,TAKAHAsHi*,

Yousuke

KAwAcHI*2,

and

Jiro

7bhohu Udeiversiey*,

Kansei

Fntleushi

Research

CenteL

ToGyoBA*

hoku

FletkushiUiziversity*2

We

examined the effect of preference

for

dot-patterns on dot-locationmemory, The

partici-pants were asked torecall thelocationmemory of

five

dots

(Experiment

1),

seven

dots

(Experiment

2)and nine

dots

(Experiment

3)

constituting each _pattern,They then rated their_preference

for

the

dot-patternson a

five-point

scale,

from

`likab]e

(1)i

to'dislikable

{5)L

We

classified

the

dot-patterns

as

tikable,

neutral and

dislikable

_patterns,according tothe

_pTeference

rating scores.

The

results

revealed that]ocationmemory _performance ofthe

likable

and theneutral _patterns was betterthan

thatof the dislikable_patterns inExperlment 1,while therewas no significant

difference

among the

three preference classes

in

Experirnent

2.

Moreover,

in

Experiment

3,

the performance

for

the

dislikable

patterns was the

best.

The

results suggest thatthe effect of preference on dot-Iocation memory depends on the number of tbe dots constituting the _patterns.

Key

worcts:

_preference,

visual _pattern,

location

memory

We have strong preferences

for

various visual

in-formatien.

For

example, previous studies

have

re-ported that there was an enhanced capacity of the

visual shorVterm memery

{VSTM}

for

angry

faces

compared with happy or neutral

faces

Jiang,

Olson,

& Chun

{2000)

indicatesthat thespatial relationship

between objects

plays

an irnportant role inVSTM,

and significantly modu]ates memory performance.

After taking into censideratjon these

findings,

the

aim of the _present study was to

determine

whether

or not _preference

judgments

rnodify the

location

memory forvisual patterns consisting of

dot-objects,

Experiment

1

We examined whether the preference

for

dot-pat-ternshad significant effects on dot-]ocationmemory.

Method

Participants.

Eight

participants

with norrnal or

corrected-to-normal visual acuity participated.

StimuH.

There

were

56

dot-patterns

from

the

7

sets used.

Each

pattern was generated

by

placing

five

white

dots

in

the

imaginary

cells of a

3

by

3

matrix

and was isomorphic under any condition of rotation

i)_{This research -v'as supported by a}

_JSPS

Grant-in-Aid for

Scientific

Research to

J.

G.

(Grant

No, 18330151).

* _{Department of Psychology, Graduate School}

of

Arts

and Letters,Tohoku University, 27ul

Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8576

*2 _{Kansei Fukushi Research Center, Tohoku}

Fukushi

University,

6-149-1,

Kunimigaoka,

Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-3201

and/or reflection, Thus the redundancy oi these

pat-terns was controlled using

Garner's

rotation and

re-flection

transformation principle

<Garner

and CLem-ent,

1963).

The

background

of eaeh pattern was

black,

The

diameter

of each

dot,

and the spatial separation

between

dots

was

1.4

degrees.

The

view-ing

distance was 60 cm.

Procedure.

One

of thepatterns was presented at

each trial.

The

patterns appeared for 200ms,

fol-lowed

by

150

rns of a masking stimulus which

con-si,stedof a virtual

3

by

3

matrix of

dots

in

the same

position as

the

preceding pattern.

When

a

blank

display

appeared, the participantsrecal]ecl

the

loca-tionof the

dots

by

using a

keypad.

Each

participant cornpleted

280

trials

(56

stimuH ×

5

trials)

in

a

ran-dom

order.

After

the mernory task,the participants were

incidentally

asked torate theirpre'ferencc

for

ailof the

56

patterns on a

5-point

scale from

likable

{1)

todislikable

_(5).

Results

and

Discussion

We

classified

the

dot-patterns

as.either likable

(1

to

2>,

neutral

(3>

or

dislikable

(4

to

5)

patterns,according

to _{the preference} rating scores of each _participant.

Using

these categories, the patterns were classified

as: likable37%, neutral 28% and

dislikable

35%.

The

accuracy of memory _performance was

calcu-latedas the number of correctly remembered

loca-tlonsforthe 5dot-locatjons.As isshown inFigure 1

{a),

a repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that

mem-ery _performance was significantly influenced by

preference

IF(2,14)=9,90,

p<.O05,

n2=.886]. The

performance was significantly better when the

The Japanese Psychonomic Society

NII-Electronic Library Service The JapanesePsychonomic Society

164 The

_Japanese

_Journal

of Psychonomic Science Vol,28, No. 1

(a)

op4,9S5:tsS 4.9naS

ep

4.ssfig 4,Sa)LEts V4.75 Cb) co4.biE4ssg"I3,,,cE4-qeOL4.1i6 ea

disllkableneutraF likable dislikable

Figure

1.

Results

{n=-,8)

o'[Experiment

(c) ca6,7ts

:

fi.ets

:

6,SAn6AS ℃fi,3=: fi.z[o6,tg2eS

ts

5S o s.s

neutra] likabLe

disfikable

neutral

1(a},

Experiment

2Cb),

and

Experiment

3{c).

likable

terns were

likable

or neutral than when they were

dislikable,

These

results clearly showed thatthe pref-erence

for

the patterns affected

location

memory of the

dots,

Experiment

2

We

examined the effect of preference on the

loca-tion memory

by

manipulating the

limit

of

VSTM

capacity

(4

to

5

objects,

Luck

&

VogeL

1997).

Method

Participants.

Eight

participants with normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity participated.

Stirnuli.

In

the experiment

40

dot-patterns

were

used.

Each

pattern was generated

by

placing seven

white

dots

in

the virtual cells of a

5

by

5

matrix and was

isomorphic

under any condition ofrotation and/ or refiection

(Howe,

1980).

Proeedure.

The

location

memory task wcre

iden-ticaltothatof

Experiment

1,

with the exception that

each partieipant completed 200 trials

₍₄₀

stimu", ×

5

trials)ina random order.

Results

and

Discussion

All

of the patterns were classified as either

likable

(44%),

neutral

(25%)

or

dislikab]e

(31%),

according

to

the preference rating scores of each _participant.

As isshown inFigure 1(b),a repeated-measures

AAi'OVA showed ne significant modulation of

loca-tionmemory task by _preference

_[F(2,

]4)-2.20, n.s.].

Experiment

3

Inaddition, we considered the tendencv of

modula-tlon of location memory by _prefcrence, using nine

dots-patterns. Method

Participants.

Eight

participants with normal or cerrected-to-normal visual acuity parLicipated,

Stimuli. The stimulus was identicalto that of

Experiment

2,

with the exception thateach ofthe

64

dot-patterns

consisted of nine

dots.

Procedure.

Thelocationmemorytaskwasidenti-ca] to Experiment

2,

with the exception that each

participant compteted

320

trials

(64

stimuli ×5trials)

in

a random order.

Results

and

Discussion

All

of the patterns were classified as

likable

{32%},

neutral

(30%}

or

dislikable

{38%)

patterns,according

tothe preference rating scores of each participant.

As

is

shown

in

Figure

1{c),

a repeated-measures

ANOVA

revealed that was significantly

best

for

the

dislikable

patterns

[F(2,14)

=6.86,

p<

.Ol,

_ny2

-'-"

.741].

General

Discussion

To

sumrnarize our results, we

found

that

location

memory performances of the

likable

and neutral

doV

patterns were

better

than thatof the

dislikable

dot-patterns

for

the

5

dot-patterns

{Exp.

I);

there was no

significant

difference

of three _prefcrence categories

in

the

7

dot-patterns

(Exp.

2);and the _performance

was

best

for thedislikabledot-patterns when

9

dot-patterns were tested

_(Exp

3).These results revealed

that theeffects of preferenceon

location

mernory

for

dot-patterns

were modified

depending

on.

the

num-ber

of the

dots

iorming

the

patterns.

Thus

the preference.fer spatial configuration of

objects can be regarded as a_potent iactorinmemery representation.

References

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W,

R.

&

Clerr]ent,D. E.

_(1963).

.lournal

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Vlarbal

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Howe,

E.

S,

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J.

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Y.

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M.

(2000).

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