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Research Activities Leukemias Many patients with previously untreated hematological disorders have been referred to our department

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Department  of  Internal  Medicine

 Division  of  Clinical  Oncology/Hematology

 

Keisuke  Aiba,Professor   Tadashi  Kobayashi,Professor  Fumi  Mizorogi,Professor   Noriko  Usui,Associate  Profesor  Daisuke  Inoue,Associate  Profesor   Toshio  Katayama,Assistant  Professor  Toshikazu  Sakuyama,Assistant  Professor   Takaki  Shimada,Assistant  Professor  Osamu  Asai,Assistant  Professor   Nobuaki  Dobashi,Assistant  Professor  Shuichi  Masuoka,Assistant  Professor   Yoshikazu  Nishiwaki,Assistant  Professor  Shingo  Yano,Assistant  Professor

 

General  Summary

 The  immediate  goals  of  our  clinical  and basic  research are  to investigate  basic  and  clinical  aspects  of  malignant  diseases  and  to  try  to  improve  outcomes  for  patients  with  hematological  malignancies  and  solid  tumors,leading  to  the  ultimate  goals  of  improving  the  natural  history  of  malignant  diseases. We  have  also  been  performing  several  clinical  trials  and  basic  research  studies  throughout  2008.

Research  Activities  Leukemias

 Many  patients  with  previously  untreated  hematological  disorders  have  been  referred  to  our  department. The  disorders  in  2007  included  acute  myeloid  leukemia(AML),11  cases;acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL),1  case;acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL),8  cases;chronic  myeloid  leukemia(CML),9  cases;and myelodysplastic  syn- drome(MDS),9  cases. We  have  performed  clinical  trials  as  a  member  of  the  Japan  Adult  Leukemia  Study  Group(JALSG),which is  a  distinguished leukemia  research  group  established  more  than  20  years  ago  in  Japan  for  AML,ALL,and  CML. The  JALSG  protocol  studies  performed  in  2008  were  as  follows:1)AML/MDS-HR CS-7  study:newly  diagnosed  AML,refractory  anemia  with  excess  blasts  II,all  case  registra- tion  cohort  study;2)AML-201:very  late  antigen  4  study(prognosis  evaluation  study); 3)AML-206  DNR assigned  group(relapse  and  refractory  AML:phase  I);4)APL-204 (phase  III);5)APL-205R (relapsed and refractory  APL:phase  II);and 6)ALL-202 (phase  III). We  also  performed  several  collaborative  group  studies  and  pilot  studies:1) Aged  Double-7(newly  diagnosed  aged  AML:phase  II);2)VEGA study(MDS:phase  II);3)a  nilotinib  study(refractory  CML:phase  I/II),and  4)a  dasatinib  study(refrac- tory  CML:phase  I/II).

Lymphomas

 In  2008  we  registered  83  patients  with  newly  diagnosed  non-Hodgkis  lymphoma  and  4  patients  with  Hodgkis  lymphoma. We  have  performed  clinical  trials  as  a  member  of  the  Lymphoma  Study  Group  of  the  Japan  Clinical  Oncology  Group(JCOG-LSG). The  studies  JCOG0211-DI(newly  diagnosed  natural  killer/T lymphoma:phase  I/II) 69

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and JCOG0203-MF (newly  diagnosed follicular  lymphoma:phase  III)were  pivotal  protocol  studies  in 2007. Other  cooperative  studies  examined  biweekly rituximab, etoposide,prednisone,vincristine,and  hydroxydaunorubicin(R-EPOCH:relapsed  and  refractory  B-cell  lymphoma:phase  II);pirarubicin,cyclophosphamide,vincristine,and  prednisolone(THP-COP:newly  diagnosed  T-cell  lymphoma:phase  II);and  enzastaur- in(non-Hodgkis  lymphoma:phase  III,double-blind).

Enzastaurin  is  a  novel  drug  targeting  protein  kinase  Cβthat  has  been  extensively  studied  throughout  the  world,including  the  United  States,the  European  Union,and  Japan.

Myeloma

 We  registered  6  patients  with  newly  diagnosed  multiple  myeloma  in  2008. We  complet- ed  our  original  pilot  study  evaluating  a  combination  of  thalidomide  and  dexamethasone  in  2007. Bortezomib,a  novel  proteasome  inhibitor,became  available  in  2007,and  we  have  used  it  to  treat  patients  who  have  refractory  myeloma.

Hematopoietic  stem  cell  transplantation

 To  investigate  and  establish  a  safer  and  more  effective  method  of  hematopoietic  stem cell  transplantation,we  have  performed serial  clinical  studies  examining umbilical  cord  blood transplantation with a bone  marrow-nonablative  procedure,a bone  marrow

―nonablative  procedure  using  anti-thymic  globulin,and  the  mechanisms  of  graft-versus- host  disease  in  hematopoietic  stem  cell  transplantation.

Solid tumors

 Many  patients  with solid cancers  have  been referred to our  department  from  related  divisions  or  departments  in  our  hospital. In  2006,the  disorders  included  breast  cancer, 97  cases;esophageal  cancer,24  cases;gastric  cancer,21  cases;colorectal  cancer,62  cases; and other  cancers,38  cases. Several  of  our  studies  are  in progress  throughout  our  university  hospital  with  related  divisions  or  departments,seeking  improved  therapeutic  outcomes. Fluorouracil(5-FU),epirubicin,and  cyclophosphamide(FEC100)with  or  without  taxotere  therapy  is  an  adjuvant  therapy  for  patients  with  breast  cancer  treated  with curative  surgery. FEC100  followed by  taxotere  is  a  preoperative  combination  chemotherapy for  patients  with  locally advanced  breast  cancer. Adriamycin  and  taxotere  followed  by  taxotere  and  trastuzumab  is  a  first-line  chemotherapy  for  patients  with  advanced  metastatic  breast  cancer. The  standard  treatment  for  operable,locally  advanced esophageal  cancer  has  been altered,resulting  in the  use  of  chemoradiation  therapy  rather  than  surgical  resection. We,therefore,have  been  investigating  a  com- bined  modality  therapy  of  radiation  and  chemotherapy  with  low dose-cisplatin  and  24  hoursʼcontinuous  infusion of  5-FU  for  such patients  since  2002.The  results  will  be  reported  next  year. For  patients  with  advanced  gastric  cancer,combination  chemother- apy  with  S-1  and  cisplatin  has  been  performed. Our  first-line  chemotherapy  regimens  for  patients  with advanced colorectal  cancer  are  folinic  acid,5-FU,and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX),and folinic  acid,5-FU,and irinotecan(FOLFIRI). Since  antibodies  against  vascular  endothelial  growth  factor  became  available  in  2007,therapies  combining  them  with  FOLFOX  or  FOLFILI  have  been  performed.

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Palliative  care

 The  mission  of  the  Palliative  Care  Team for  Cancer  Pain  Purposes  is  to  relieve  patientsʼ pain  and  anxiety  to  support  the  fight  against  cancer. Our  team  encourages  the  use  of  narcotics  and  has  improved  the  control  of  cancer  pain. In  our  new division,we  aim to  attain  individual  goals  by  sharing  our  thoughts  and  to  contribute  to  the  further  growth  of  palliative  care  at  The  Jikei  University  Hospital.

Basic  research

 One  of  our  important  activities  is  translational  research  on  hematological  malignancies  and  solid  cancers. The  structural  differences  between  M  protein  produced  by  myeloma  cells  and  that  from  monoclonal  gammmopathy  of  undetermined  significance  have  been  examined,and  the  function  of  ATP-binding  cassette  transporters  in  cancer  chemotherapy  has  also  been  studied  in  collaboration  with  Keio  University  Department  of  Pharmacy.

Publications

 

Kitajima K,Kobayashi  S,Shiba H,Uwagawa T, Ishida  Y,Aiba  K,Kawakami  M,Yanaga  K.Suc- cessful  treatment  of  advanced gallbladder  can- cer with  an  anticancer dr  ug  S-1:assessment based on intratumoral  gene.Int  J Clin Oncol  2008;13:54551.

Konishi  T,Sasaki  T,Aiba K,Fukutomi  T,Kake- gawa K,Okubo T.Importance of  the primary  physician  for  pain  management  in patients  with  recurrent  advanced cancer:a questionnaire sur- vey.Gan  To  Kagaku  Ryoho 2009;36:45360.

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