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῍῎῎ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention[CDC],National Institute of Health U.S.A[NIH] “Biosafety in Microbiogical and Biomedical labora- tries” CDCῌNIH ῍῍῏῎.
῍῏῎ Executive office of the president,Office and Technology “Coodinated Fra- mework for Regulation of Biotechnology” Office of sience and technology policy ῍῍ῒ῎.
῍ῐ῎ Pike.R.M “Laboratoryῌassociated infection : Summary and analysis of
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῍ῑ῎ Pike.R.M “Past and present hazard of working with infectious agents”
Arch Path Lab Med ῍῍ΐ῎, pp῏῏῏ῌ῏῏ῒ
῍ῒ῎ Pike.R.M “Laboratoryῌassociated infection : incidence,fatalities, causes and prevention” Ann Rev Microbiol῏῏ ῍῍ΐῒ῎, ppῐ῍ῌῒῒ
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