SUMMARIES 利用統計を見る

SUMMARIES

journal or

publication title

The Journal of Contemporary Social Sciences

volume

17

page range

131-137

year

2020-03

URL

http://id.nii.ac.jp/1060/00011792/

Exploring the Definition of Child Poverty :For Consideration of Legal Policy

Kazuko IKEYA, Fumie ADACHI,Kazutoshi IMADE

　We explore the definition of child poverty for consideration of legal policy.

　Survey of the actual situation in local governments and private organizations concerning child poverty. 　① Some parents don’t know how to prioritize their spending, and there are cases where parents don’t provide for their children. ② This cannot be addressed only with financial investment.

　It is inappropriate to define child poverty only by low household income. It should also be defined as whether children are being provided for through their development.

Keywords : Child, Poverty, Law, Field Survey, Definition

Legal Order in Southeast Asian Family Law:

Focus on Indonesian Family Law

Sai SASAKI

　The purpose of this paper is to examine the legal order in Indonesian Family Law, which is the center of Southeast Asia and has the world's largest Muslim population. So, first, I looked at the Indonesian judicial system, and secondly, I focused on the Indonesian family law, and finally tried some conclusion. As a result, it became clear that the Indonesian judicial system and the contents of the law were established based on Pancasila, which was placed in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution, and also considering the Adat and Islamic laws. From the above, I think I can find something that leads to the legal order of family law in Indonesia.

Keywords : Indonesia, Southeast Asia, Family Law, Legal Order Pancasila SUMMARIES

― 132 ―

An Empirical Analysis of Potential Needs for Marine Sports in Hamanako

Yoshiki MURASE

　The purpose of this study is to focus on Hamanako, a tourism resource that is considered a sacred place for marine sports enthusiasts in Hamamatsu city, Shizuoka prefecture. The study intends to create an understanding and analyze the potential need for attracting new domestic tourists and creating inbound demand mainly for a younger demographic.

　Firstly, we confirmed that the interest of individuals aged 20 to 40 in marine sports is relatively high among all generations, and there is a particularly high need for secondary purpose in marine sports.

　Secondly, we assumed that there is an average level of potential need among marine sports enthusiasts. We conducted a quantitative questionnaire with 200 participants to perform a detailed analysis of their experience and interest in marine sports.

　Specifically, we set up six items based on importance when selecting a destination for marine sports. “Low cost,” which was the most important, was an independent variable, and the other five items were dependent variables. We performed a multiple regression analysis to develop the prediction model of potential needs affecting economic costs.

　As a result, it is clear that highly interested economic costs participants take into account variables such as “convenient access,” and “nearby tourist facilities and accommodation.” We conclude that the promotion of marine sports in Hamanako is required not only to increase the demand for marine sports activities but also to promote the attractive tourism resources around Hamanako.

The Situation of Applications for Utility Model and Design in Two Major Districts

of Producing Towels (Imabari and Senshu) since the 1960s, and the Results of

Questionnaire Survey on Towel Manufacturers in the Districts

Chisako TSUJI

　This study examines the relationship between innovation and industrial clusters in the towel industry since the 1960s for two major districts of towel producing, Imabari and Senshu, based on investigation and survey results regarding industrial property rights.

　The study used the Japan Platform for Patent Information to investigate and analyze the situation of applications for utility model and industrial design registrations. Simultaneously, the study administered a questionnaire survey on industrial property rights to towel manufacturers in these two districts.

　Consequently, the study found three types of results. First, the number of utility model registration in both districts was the largest. However, this annual average decreased since the 1980s. Second, applicants for utility model and design registration were mainly specific individuals or corporations.One of the reasons for this is approximately 50% of towel manufacturers in these two districts did not utilize the Industrial Property Right System. Third, the majority of applications for utility model and design registrations were related to towel textures and products.

― 134 ―

Analysis of Factors Affecting Child Poverty Rates in Prefectures

Takahiro SUZUKI, Kazutoshi TANABE

　The Japanese government enacted the "Act to Accelerate Policies for Disadvantaged Kids" in 2013, in the face of a society where about one in seven children are in financial difficulties. The enforcement of this law required local governments to formulate and implement measures against poverty of their children. However, it is thought that various factors are involved in the child poverty rate, and the relative impact of these many factors on the poverty rate is not known yet. Consequently, there are many problems in the implementation of poverty reduction measures by local governments. In this paper, by applying a non-linear multiple regression analysis that uses the poverty rate of children by prefecture as the target variable and multiple indicators in the population/household, economy/labor, and education/welfare fields, we tried the statistical study on exploration and estimation of their relative impact. As a result, 10 kinds of factors that reproduce the poverty rate with statistically significant accuracy can be obtained. It has been found that the contribution of maternal and child households and the number of children is large, and the economic and labor factors such as unemployment rate and double-income rate account for about 50% of the total impact. On the basis of the indices of factors, we have tried to propose the approach to reduce the child poverty rates in local governments.

Keywords : Child Poverty Rate, Difference in Prefecture, Analysis of Affecting Factors, Nonlinear 　　　　　Multiple Regression Analysis

The Plausible Contribution of Economics to the Law and Legal Studies

Kazuaki KAGAMI

　The paper tries to show the ability and the plausibility that economics could contribute to the law. I will put stress not on what economics is precisely, but on how to use economics properly. I will demonstrate to apply economics to consider a legal issue virtually. For the sake, I will begin with introducing a Supreme Court decision on a normal and famous civil case: A man with dementia was hit and killed by a train, and caused damage on the railway company, and then the company required the family of the man to pay compensation. Next, some legal discussions on the Supreme Court decision will be exhibited, and compared them with the outcomes of economic analysis. The procedure of applying economics properly would indicate that economics could sophisticate some implications of legal discussions and reinforce some processes of legal thoughts.

Keywords : Jurisprudence, Legal Methodology, Applied Economics, Law and Economics, Dementia 　　　　 Railway Death Accident

A Consideration of Globalization for Japanese Buddhism:

An Analysis from the Point of Management and Marketing

Hisato NAKAMURA

　After examining the history of global development of Japanese traditional Buddhism, Jodoshinshu Honganjiha, Nichirenshu, Zen-shu (Sodoushu, Rinzaishu), and Soukagakkai as a new religion, this paper analyzes the status-quo of missionary works of each religious school in the United Sates, Canada, Brazil, Germany, France, and South Korea, from the view point of management and marketing theory. The author confirms that the current missionary works being carried out in these countries do not target the original Japanese immigrants and those who had no option but to accept the mission works because of Japanese colonization policy for Asian countries, but aim at the third, fourth, and fifth generation Japanese immigrants and native persons. Also, there is a shift in the mission from Japanese preachers and monks to local ones. As for the missionary methods, Zen practice conducted by both the master and disciples at Zen centers, and missionary works by ordinary members of Korean Soka Gakkai International (KSGI), were seen to be extremely effective for propagation. It is confirmed that traditional Buddhism should learn from these missionary practices. This paper emphasizes that “localization of management,” which is the neck of Japanese global management, is also an urgent need for the Japanese Buddhist circles.

Keywords : Jodosinshu Honganjiha, Nichirenshu, Zen-Shu, Soukagakkai, Management, Marketing

Railway Among Various Tourist Objects and Contents:

A Case of the Trans Siberian Railway

Muneharu YASUMOTO

　With a focus on railway among various tourist objects, the paper aims to review contents created based on railway and its related information and how the contents are actually handled. In particular, an example of Siberian Railway is reviewed which provides ① contents created with a purpose to attract tourists and ② those created without such specific purpose. The flow of review is as follows. At first, relationship between tourist objects and resources as well as contents are reviewed based on a literature survey. Based on the review, discussion is developed on railway as a tourist object. Finally, based on contents available in Japan regarding Siberian Railway as taken up as an example, results of the discussion on their reality obtained from a participation observation are sorted out.

― 136 ―

Significance of the “Lifestyle Hotels” through the Marketing Perspective

Jun-ichiro TOKUE

　In Japan, we had divided the hotels into two categories: “City Hotels” and “Business Hotels”. The former used to be relatively expensive and have plenty of rooms, many kind of restaurants, for example, French, Chinese, Japanese, lounges and bars, and banquets which covered from small meeting room to large ballroom. The latter used to offer only rooms or space where we can eat just snacks.

　Recently, so called “Lifestyle Hotels” have been getting attention. This means that the hotel market turned to be subdivided. In fact, only by price grade, we need to adopt 5-grade scale; Luxury, Upscale, Mid-price, Economy, Budget.

　In this paper, I discuss about the present situation of Lifestyle hotels and consider from the perspective of the Marketing.

Keywords : Lifestyle Hotels, City Hotels, Business Hotels, Market Segmentation, Psychographic 　　　　　Segmentation

Application Status and Issues of the Revised Corporate Governance Code:

In Connection with Corporate Governance Reforms

Takashi AOKI

　Efforts by corporates to strengthen corporate governance are making steady progress overall. Progress has been seen in the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, JPX-Nikkei 400 companies, and companies with the highest market capitalization. However, the understanding of the necessity for supervision of external directors regarding the appointment and remuneration of management has not permeated. On June 14, 2013, the government policy for reviewing corporate governance was announced. Corporate governance reform is in the process of deepening from form to substance. On June 1, 2018, the Corporate Governance Code was revised. The contents related to the use of voluntary nomination committees, compensation committees, and supervision of management succession plans for the board of directors has been expanded. A few companies have systematized and practiced successor candidate development. In this paper, we focus on the application status and issues of the revised Corporate Governance Code. We examine the status of the nomination committee and compensation committee, the roles and considerations required for outside directors, and the development of managers.

Keywords : Corporate Gavernance, Code, Corporate Gavernance Reforms, Outside Director, Board of 　　　　　Directors, Development Management

A Study on Human Service in Retail Store

Michiko TAKECHI

　The modernization of retail industry has led to a reduction in labor costs. The spread of self-service and Point of Sales (POS) systems have led to a reduction in the number of employees. Over time, the number of employees per sales floor area has decreased, and it is expected that the number will decrease further due to the development of E-commerce and increase in Consumer to Consumer (C to C) transactions. 　As the number of employees decreases, communication between customers and sales persons decreases. Customers accept unmanned settlement in purchasing and unmanned store because of lower price, on the other hand, they want to enjoy communication with the sales person. This is reason the physical stores will continue to exist. While Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) reduce labor costs, they also have a role to play in promoting human communication.

Keywords: Information Society, Retailer, Human Service, AI, Employment

Consideration about Privacy and the Self-information:

Detailed Study on "Case of Benesse"

Masumi SHIZAWA

　I examine a protected reason to disclosure of the personal information that the person does not permit. 　I survey contents of " The case that "Benesse" leaked personal information,I examine a point competed for in the case. I think that the Personal Information Protection Law is important to examine the case. 　Even if they were information to distinguish the individuals such as the name, an address, the phone number , when you show the personal information of the person, the exhibition is illegal without the permission of the person . Even if it is harmless to the person by having shown the information , if the person becomes uneasy, the disclosure is illegal.

　It is the contents, the risk, the jitters to be important when I study invasion of privacy. This is based on the right to control self information.

Keywords : the Right to Privacy , the a Right to Control one's Personal Information, Concealment of the 　　　　 Private Affair , Personal Information Protection Method, Sensitive Information.