Materia15;f7orthel。,・exic(yaPhyofBuddhist Sansl(血oftheMahl:isa平1;hikaLokottaraヽ/iEidills(II) BorisOguib6nine Abbreviations AbhisDh(MaL)J仙畑田・f7(盆沁z(j/z面叩z説即α加)ed.B.Jilliinanda,Patna:K.P. JayaswaIResearchbstitute,1969AiGrJ.Wackernage1,A.Debrunner,J/r加jむc/ze GM田田αΓ汝,I,II,Ila,III,G6ttingen:vandenhoeck&RuPIecht,1957BDFVI77ze 召θθ友可治e7)むcφ/加e.Translatedbyl.B.Homer(vol.I,London:Luzac&Co., 1949;vo1,11,London:Luzac&Co・,1957;vol.IH,London:Luzac&Co.,1957; vo1.1V,London:Luzac&Co・,1962;vol.V,London:Luzac&Co.,1963;vo1.VI, London:Luzac&Co・,1966BHSDF.E山lerton,j❹面むけかMjSα心朋zj)j❼o一 回り・,NewDelhi:MotilalBanarsi(lass,1972BHSGF.E屯lc・rton,j❹励£yけ/ゆ心 Sα几債功GM同訓J,NewDelhi:Motila1Banarsidass,1972BhivinCAcomputer editionoftheBhikSu囮vinayabyG.Canevascinipreparedaftertheeditionby RothBhivinRG.Roth,j/・面乙4肺Fkzyα。μαu❹げ£)加卵加eかrj❹励加X凹J. EditedandAnnotatedfortheFirstTime,Patna:K.P.JayaswaIResearchlnstitute, 1970BhuPN.Tatia,丹雷丿朋θ佃とz皿随z田,Patna:K.P.Jayaswa1Researchlnstitute, 1975(TibetanSanskritWorksSeries,n16;quotationsbypagesandline) 13k)omfieMEdgertonM.IES沁omfieldandF.E雌;enonj々巌J47nlzz7政/IS限砂げ 治,Hノ加iα甜尺6?と❹かzg加1/zeRge❼ejA右現ぴ心げ治ei/??dα,II.Phonetics.NewDelhi: OrientaIBooksReprintCorPorationBroughBroughJ.77zeG,7z7d/za4フ:)/7とzz7刀,s¥7αjα, London:Oxforduniversity1962CDIALR.L.Tumer,jC。。z/7α,u加eDj❼。,7α,y可 治e加むわJ,y£rz昭ug6,らLondon:OxforduniversityPress,1慨垂ConeM.Cone, yl£)fcr沁ηαzyげ?a/j,0xford:ThePaliTextSociety,2001CPDJC池忿❼7)a// £)記r沁ηαりz.Begunbyv.Trenckner,continuingtheworkofD.AndersenandH. Smith:vol.I,Copenhagen:Munksgaard,19241948;vol.II(fasc.110,Editorin Chiefl。Alsdol・f;fasc.1117,EditorinChiefK.R.Norman),COPenhagen:Munks gaard,19601990;vo1.111(fasc.15,ed.byO.vonHiniiberandO.H.Pind), COPenhagen:Munksgaard,19921997EWAiaM.Mayrhofer,£砂田θ/θがc/z6,5J荷jr re冶ac/zjaノ1/治?jθαパj湧a7,1III,Heidelberg:CarIWinter,19862000Fauf6 Oguib6nineYalllazakiOusakaE.Faur6,B.0guib6nine,M.YamazakiandY.0u saka,λた/141ノ心限り11ノぶ&777α。,1ノθμ.H47❹Mja;αzldRaノどなe呼b❹加jeχ.Tokyo:The ChuoAcademicResearchlnstitute,2003Gr.sct.L.Renou,Grど7肌訓α ?α心友冶e, Paris:AdrienMaisonneuve,1975H{5irmanA.Heirman/77ze7}むcφ/加ど加Fθ砂・ 八7吋八尺❹ほかΓΛ4μ75αccθ❹加gΓθΓ/ze£)/1α77?7αg男7Γαんα1ノ加砂α,IIII,Delhi:Motilal Banarsidass,2002HirakawaAお,7心庇Dかcφ/fz7どかり/ze召£zjj/zむr7VM心.AnEnglish TranslationoftheChineseTextoftheMahasamghikaBhik脚皿vinayabyProf. AkiraHirakawa,Patna:K.P.Jayaswa1Researchlllstitute,1982HokazonoK. Hokazon0,74yew£d加 z7げC/1α/7reだ774げr/ze£❹jΓα1ノjlyrαz7z,Tokyo:Dait6 PublishingCo.,1992JI,H,nIJ.J.Jones,77zeA死z/1,7F心勉,I,London:PaliText Society,1973;II,London:Luzac&Co.,1952;III,London:Luzac&Co・,19j56)Ja TheJatakatogetherwithitscommentary,ed.V.Fausb611,London:PaliText Societyj8771896KEWAM.Mayrhoferj缶a,煕肛 raery。1(,/c,gむ油eil々j,Te功izc/z 45
中 央 学 術 研 究 所 紀 要 第 3 4 号 jaj/r加dむ(;/z㎝,IIV,Heid(51berg:Car1Winteら1956(j;1)1980LiidersH.Uiders, 尺7e加eSc/z巾e7ちhrsg.0.vonHiniiberjViesbaden:Steiner・1973LSIELeumann undS.Shiほishi/Mahavastu,einbuddhistischerSanskritText,iibersetztvonProf. Dr.ErnstLeumann,AlbertI.λldwigsUI面(lrsitiitl7reiburginBaden,inverl:)indung mitShind6Shimishi(15hindoFujita),Heftlツニ知叱心かzgsげ向f泌威yげlj加❹ ノ1心α77j£j£4cαΓjθ,7,yα耐αzz圃/IHL/,7j1ノez;/r}7,vol.1,1952,pP.178LSnE.Leumann undS.Sh抒aishi/Mahavastu,einbuddhistischerSanskritText,iibersetztvonProf. Dr.EI・ns;tLeumann,AlbertLudwigsUniverskatFreiburginBaden,inverbindung mitShindoShil・aishi(1;hind6Fujita),HeftII,丹りce❹かlgyげ心 c此yげlj加❹ ノ1心αz7j£dz4cαΓ沁zz,yα耐αz7a/zjびz7jlノe❹ly,vol.II,1957,pP.1133LSnIE.Leu mannundS.Sh廿aishi,Mahavastu,einbuddhistischerSanskritText,iibel・setztvon Prof.Dr.EI・nMLeumann,AlbertLudwigsUniversitatFreiburginBaden,inver t4ndungmitShindoShilaishi(1;hindoFujita),He17tIII,乃りcee必7gsげr加jl;7αca砂 げ£治巳❹yl心α❹£jMaz加,7,吻耐α,za /zj肖j17ど❼r)。vo1.11L1962,1)p.75149LW MahavastuII,pp.83121jibersetztvonE.LeurnannundS.M/atanabe,ノlc 佃jθ /θがcα,I,1970,Pp.65108Mv右.Senart,£eA右z/la1゛a勉。一 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄ JJt・ /α?re耐諮肥ゆむeΓαccど7y77/7αg?IJj伽rmdMcr沁心erj公z7cθ耐耐e削αかe.T.IIII,Tokyo: Mdch(yl7ukyuKai,1977.MWSirMo❹erWilliams.価ぬ4ij尚尚£昭/£y/zj;1記加回り7, 0xford:AttheClarendonPress,1974Nも.Nolot,尺館/adedむcφ/加ejGz7θηzz6 ろθMdd/z£ra,Paris:Boccard,1991NIIIIll.Nolot/Studiesinvinayatechnical termslIII,おamα/げがze7)α/f7aχΓSθc必り7,vol.XXIL1996MvNGMPPMkrofilm ofamanuscriptofMvoftheNepalGermanManuscriptPIeservationProjectIIIE 2182PSB2T30Norman1990K.R.Norman,Cθ&c記d7)αpea,vo1.1,0xford:Pali TextSociety,1990Norman1994K.R.Norman,C❹/ecr❹/)叩ea,vo1.V,0xford: PaliTextSociety,19940guib6nhlt5OusakaY11mazakiB.0guib6nine,Y.0usaka, M.Yamazaki,丹a治?zθ艇α,肋αy?7.11/b❹/❹aΓιzz?j尺aノez;d4句❹佃ja:,Tokyo:The Ch節AcademicR6eal・ch1115;Utute,2001015akaYa!11azakiY.0usaka,M.Yama zaki,j力丿郎昭z一阿zz砂ご1H々)❹佃jaα❹尺egaf7ll々フ❹/❹a,Tokyo:TheChu6 A㎝demicResearchlnstitute,2002.0usakaYimlazakiNormanY.0usaka,M. Yamazaki,K.R.Norman,徊jara泌eMz7砂乙z一戸加幼,0xord:ThePaliTe,xtSociety, 1996.PaPaliP剱PaがniPED77・ej)d7ixl&c削yls7)d一石昭/油£)j(;面回り・ed.by T.W.RhysDavidsandW,Ste(k,London:Luzac&Co.,19661゛ischeIRJische1, Cθ耐戸z47f加eGzα耐耐αΓげ泌e?厄た丿r£αz尽Mαg鴎MotilaIBanarsidass:Delhi varanasiPatna,1965PktPrakritPrasadM.Prasad,jCθ耐ρα心治そぶ旨砂げ 丿わ/7むα耐acaziだa./1涌沁z71acg7ziU7)晶nα一時回yα可泌eジb:yα財α/zayazμ炳汝α £θたじrΓαM1々7jf几yαηjr/1ε?❹f時77砂αげ泌∼77zぽ匹4ぷ心,Patna:K.P.Jayaswa1 Researchlnstitute,1984(TibetanSanskritWorksSeries,n26)・pwO.B6htlingk, Sα几債?公1荷河召治μ活加屈aererF心m昭,St.Petersburg:Kail;erliche5ノUademieder W沁senschaften,T.1乙18791889.RRothSchmidtR.Schmidt,M7(;/zμ考e2z77 Sぶ7j片辺r一叩冷7e治izc/z加Å盾zzererF圃51z7zgFθ7zOなり召/zr/加gた,LぷPzig:H11rrassowitz, 1928SchmittRoussdeA.SchmittRousselle,7沈ぶ価,u加晶岫,7a。zα。1故7ja ?卯面万尨時Γμz❹α,Bonn:lndicaetTibeticavel・hlg,1985SchubringW.Scllubring, f)乙&りQか留a防zJ)泌❹rぞ?Sα耐用&zηgμz垂心活erM z?c/zyθzc/z卵e77inW.Schubring, 尺7e加eSc/z卵ez7,hrsg.vonK.Bruhn,Wiesbaden:Steiner,1977SchwarzschildL.A. Schwar5child,Cθ/ムフcr❶j❹c臨四加加Jり四。7Sλ了・J7979.CompiledbyRoyce Wiles・FacultyofAsianStudies:Aul;tralianNationalunivel・sity,1991Stnpa 111kSal:1akarikavivt5canal!IG.Roth,EditionoftheS契率1al(Sa皿kaln(jiviヽ/ecanam 46
M£1tcrialsfortheLe`i(;()g「゛1Phyof1311ddhi以5;skl`ito八heMahasal狸FlikaLokottamvadins(H) /θG7s❹θz7jeθηθ&α紺ed£1r治用eαz7z7加eaα加?・Paris:右ditionsYouFeng,1997,pP・ 205231SrrFSanskr沁XV6rterbuchderbuddhistischenTexteausdenTurfan Funden・hrsg.vonH・Bechert,G三亮ngen:vandenhoeck&RuPrecht,Lief.113, 1973TTranl;criPtionoftheAbhisamacarikaDharmainjG❹ど/ど帥r/zeFど7cf朋//e £心/回可治ej仙沁mgZ(;・5Mだ・77)/・αnαげ e財面砥azμ1め汝α£dQrMn・心加. AbhisamiicalikaDharmaStudyGIouP.ThdllstituteforComl)I゛ehensiveStudyof Bllddhism.TishoU・`肥「sity,191?8,pp.43129(chllpterslIV)TnTI・allscriPtion oftheAbhisamacarikaDharma.ChaptersvVII,jz7ηM❹げr/zeみ? 冶ばeかr (::(;・znpr/ze❹叱S咄々可7?扇励£ym.7αむ/zQ6加吻y,1999Jp.234156(PP.179 0ftheoffprint)UpasakC.S.UPasak,D趾加回り・げ£α砂j〃心/政朗回 か7enJ (召心edθη?❹y£jreη7rM肥),varanasi:BharatiPrakashan,1975vandenBosscheF. vandenBossche,ノ1尺嶮だηceGz77用用ぷ・げA石dd&?厄ん冶GΓα用用αハ77ze?耐ん河な げがze£)z7z用圃αz7jr/zejα加7包右.Gent:vakgroepTalenenCulturenvanZuiden oostsAz泌(BりdragenuitgegevendoordeFaculteitvandeLetterenenxVりsbe geerteぶ3eAfleverin11,1999)vasuS.C.vasu((・d.amltransl.),ne/1幼r励/zy砂iげ ?a!7かzf,vo1.1II,varanasiPatna:MotilaIBanarsidass,1980M/erbaC.H.XVerba, iを功α佃jθ/171cα.Z:)泌/7片朋are77£4z7j認紅絹ja肥z7呼14zzeかzjerSとzztた功一知7αc/1ら?αa £&❹/c6j)肖用αがαe,Wien:verlagderOMerldcljschenAkademiederWissen schaften,1997. 0therabbl・eviations,inParticularl・(う17erringtogrammaticalterms,shouldbe (lear.ThetitlesofBuddhis;ttextsareabbl・(5viatedasinBHSD, Thesign3:isusedtoindicatethephoneticaltemationstakingPlacewithinthe analyzedtexts(thusnotn(5c(issarilytantamounttohistoricalderivations)・ Theabbreviation(w)indicatesthequotationsfromtheverses. Theabbreviation回.isusedtoPointtoacontrastbetweenthequoteditems. This(;ollectanea,1ikemyMaterialsforth(うLexicographyofBuddhistSanskrit oftheMahasamghikaLokottaravadins(I),召❹/ぞ?1加可r/zeC/la 尺aeαzで/z/lcα&?用記 加,5が咄陀,n31,Pp.4492,2002(hereafterabbleviatedasMaterialsl)jsanother partofal)IojectinprogresswhichisthecomPilationofalargeaddendatoBHSD usingtheevidencethathasbeenunavailabletoEdgerton.Newmeaningsormea ningsrequiringfurther(jiscussionordoubtfulmeaningsarealsorecorded.As alreadysaidinM21terialsl,lassumethereadertobeeitherfamiliarwithBHSD ortohaveitathandinordertocomPleteorpossiblytomodifyEdgertonsfin dings.lncidentallyladdsomemjnor(刀Irectionsorsu阪芸stionstothetranslations oftheMahavastubyJ.J.Jones. lammostgratefultoPI()17essorMoriichiYamazaki(HosenGakuenCollege, Tokyo)forhiskindinvitationtoPublishMaterials(I)andMaterials(II)inthis joumal. akrstainMV.2.33.13(vs)θ1ノaαΓyだi,7α,zα脚a❹/z❹謂❹α/7/z❹α。1αだ尽匈z?7以c c/zど脚7町町jz71isrenderedasheabodeattheheadofaforestglade,1ivingausterely onrootsandwildfruits(JII,p.32).Butαだ尽μrneansinitself゛unploughed, untilled,notdrawn;althoughJschoiceoPwildisnotincorrect,oneshouldadmit thathereαんびμ7rePresentstheabbleviatedvediccompoundαだ尽μ7μαcyαgrowing 47
中 央 学 術 研 究 所 紀 要 第 3 4 号 wild(AV,VS,TS)quotedMW2c。 acenkafノfemalenude£11s(;etic(BhuP25.6).AddtoMaterialsl,p.47the followingevidence:BhivinR 234ce加だαnovice;monk,mendicantoronewho wearsnomorethana(101n)cloth(BHSDav.c❹/αだα),AbhisDh(MaL)148.18 c;ぞ?/,7μαΓμfine(;loth(soreadpl・eferablytoce/碍叫帥assurmisedTII12.4,evenif ce/αandj7叫Γαarecloseinmt・aning);AbhisDh(MaL)159j3(;6・/αÅ;/z印伽piece c3fcloth.BhivinR 183(theuddiina[42D(7c;心血舵twonude・[21sceticsrshowsthat thelawofmorae(BHSG3.4a: shortvowelplusdoubleconsonantforlongvowel plussingleconsonant)))wasnotareallystrongconstraintinourlanguage.Cf.also BhivinR 281mα/哉❶a,71α,・❹/j嵯。lf7/zijasminel;arlandvs.Kacchapa・・Jataka (textB)inA.YuyamaedgjQzcc垣z17α・/aΓαだα・£加e£z7a/z/&μlgl゛θzljer& aηjde心大政z肥w加der(StudiaPhilologicaBuddhica:OccasionaIPaPerSeries,V), Tokyo:ThelntemationaHnstituteforBuddhistStudies,1983)心a/aだaz77garland maker.Cf.forthedouble//AMg,叱に//汝だaadj.fywhoishavingnogarments (A.M.Ghatage,jCθ心ρΓe/ze心加εαηjC治記❹D趾r加z7αり・可泌e?z7z友治£とzz7gMαgG 而防砂ed❹R歩肥7zcerθ力加£frez7zlz4吊vo1.1,fy21scicleII,Poona:Bhandarkar orientalResearchlnstitute,1995,P.116;p.115s.V.αc&7adj.itissaidthat colnmentari111traditionoftentakesthewordtomeanscantydothesortattered clothesbasedonthemeaningofthenegativeαassuggestingα加α&αorたMな4)。 2u:1alvaoccursMV.2.44.1112(vs)ゆ:yα男心砂a/・/pzα廊α男ぬ面 zμujα砂αzμ w/砂αcαぶ❹j/αlにgα,μyαΓ/zaαりαΓ・ノayy・7t17allslatedasForlcannotcheckmy exertion,whichislikethenowoftheoceanswaterontheseashore(JII,P.42)・ Thistranslationis,howeverjnaccurateandincompleteas*αりαz1ノzyyαGenSgnot tobeobstructedjITesistible,indisputableisleftuntranslated.Addingit,thelast linesayswhichislikethenowoftheoceanswaterontheseashore,1ike[the birth?lofhewho沁irrel;ilstible.TheasteriskismeanttoPointoutthatthisvedic wordfoundonlyinthe尽gveda(MW26b)andtheAtharvavedahasnocerebral llasalillthese(;olldl;yllabl(らcf.e・g.RV.2.6.5a扇加1゛4μzm凹αnノ面α朋[Mayhe bring]usan弛disl,11tableboot3/!.ThespontElneousalu,mation,z;):りintheword media1PositioniswellknowninMIA(Pischel 224andBloomfieldEdgerton 163)andisnotinfrequentinourlanguage:MV.3.52.1αりamaMzvs.BhivinR 97 αz7&z心a飢zofsmallsize(cf.ConeP.57onthevariationinPaliαり&zvs.αη○; MV.2.1o0.4,2.182.4(vs),2.184.9(vsy:3.254.uり印φα励vs.3.41.で1y3.43.8,3.44.19 (V・;y3.419.4しs)yaip(7Å;α[1es・;certainlyMV.1.188.14叫戸印砂α asprintedby Senart,butallms・read?αÅ;乙z)beggar,mendicant,sometimesmendicantmonk (BHSDs.V・);MV.2.361.18(V紅2.382.14ρα1ノ四αwoodjorestvs.AbhisDh(MaL) 90.3dα耐£7μθりαtooth ckansermadeofwood[BHSG2.39saysthatwritinga retronex(((doma1)))insteadofadentalnasa1くくmaybeduetoover(x)rl・ectionof Mlndic!7,whichinmanydialectsreplacesSkt.ル,(seealsovandenBossche 1999:27,fn.97quoting!1ααりαvs.Skt.η砂αηα,が/zα!zαvs.Skt.77かy/zαz7α).ltshould beaddedthatinpαwzηαvs.jαzzrα/フθぞ7αthealtemationzzc):りoccursconcomitantly withthealternationα1ノαc):θwhichevidenceallowstheconclusionthatboth PairsofoPposedfeatureswerePropertoresPectiveMldialectsdifferingalong thesecontrasts. 48
p1/1te臨1UonheLe`i(:(yaPhyof`Buddhis15;anskritoFtheM21hjis叫瑶hil(ε1Lokottal11vadins(H) anthati.Mau5rialsl,pp.9192s.V.hanthistobetうxl)anded.CDLXL197records 面納αμ?andl・efersto13943*/1αΓΓ,/1即几/1即μzwhichrefersto13954/zαりμzto move(TurnerdoesnotdwelleitheronalsPirationordeaspiration).gBuddhis卜 meaningofα脚/1αlfgivenasbesuchen(AiGrl,p.167)iswrongassuch((fmore adequatePwl19agehenandMW11ctomove,tend).ThehiMoricalantece dentofα脚/zαΓjpositedAiGrjbid.asα斤/1α陀angehenlagreesmorecloselywith themeaningtogoround[btigging]foralmswhichα脚/zαz/hasBhivinR 252 片面αc・747肌即納αΓfandAbhisDh(MaL):I)altPres227.4/面面cazαz77(z47納,w加 (butTII73.15reads7面伽c飢7肖❹回紺o [amonkwho]iseating[thefood [屈1ected]onthealmwounds;doubtfu1,sjncethel;tan(lingtourhastheverbof moving,notofeating);Ger201.5μ!7面cぶα男即納加a;192,127痢7血caが 男竹7 即納印どzz7α;199.18ρ抑面c,7a7η7即納印卯α男(JiniirlandEtsreading即吟卯αzμisalso tobeemended);lnf192.4即納加z?7.Thetourμ!7面c敲7肖即μzαΓjisatautology meaninglit{irallytogoround[b(5器ing)foralmsonthealmsround.ltisinci (ientally2Placedeitherwith192.4μ面叩alαz7z1厄乙R7納加伊togoforalmsfood 01ttainmc5nt)いfthecompound仙1enderedasBHSDP.3451;u1111estsit;orwith p如ズ砂αcαz゛づ192.23片面砂αc❶た砂α伊).jゝnothe5nourisBhivinC 25277f47,yαcどz一 心川α!IPZ7謂jorαぞzFα■Senartl,p.382suggestsSkt.rlzyαΓjasasource(quotedalso BHSDs.V.αり1ノαΓPtogo,cf.MV.3.178.7ゐ/zf艇aαり1ノかαyy,7translatedthereasone mustgoabegging).Forthet3cc;urrenceBhivinC 252即凹r/3Sg,Np.477cites v.1.α脚/1α爾f3P1(tobeemendedin3Sg)。αり1/α〃《4resultingfromasimPlecon fusionofsimilaraksaras。hasfoundgwideacception[…]basedonamisread α脚/zαΓμ(0.vonHiniiber/OriginandvarietiesofBuddhistSamskritin7)沁/ecr6 冶zη/a肋r&どzra肥加jθαzy四ηa,6d.C.Caillat,Paris:Boccard,1989,p.357and lyn.50).Thereadingα脚/1αljapPearstobenlorel・eliablethanαり1ノαΓj,see,however, MV.1.99.8(vs)?αり7α!7yα琲zroaming[about]withnovv.11・(althoughobviouslythat suPPortsonlythat!7yhasbeenreadinsteadofiリ/z)・ αη1゛mayalternatewithwordsderivedfromα吋/zwithinsuchashortextractas e・g.BhivinR 252尨uα,7/z。,7,y砂e.1ノα后α吟ノα男μ47伽ca47肖即ほ❹j…1α咄り aり・砂αg印池iyg吻・αだ/z必71・/・❶。凹包砂αmα肋❼WhatdoesAryaneed?[She] shouldsay lamgoinga1)egginp.DoesAryaneedanyghee?lfsheneeds,she shouldsaythatsheneeds.Thisalternationdoesnot,howeveうr,I・esultinatheore ticallyexpectedagentivederivationsfromα!71゛oΓα脚/トyielding*αりF汝αor*α脚/zf一 片どzwhichwouldmatchtheattestedα斤/1汝α,asfarasthetwolatterverbswerenot embeddedinaderivationalparadigm. anavar4raissupposedtomeanwithoutendorbeginning(BHSDs.V.).The Iα脚/zαΓjisthussuPposedtobealaterenectionofα埋/zαΓeonthestrengthof 片,μc):茶whichreactualizesPottsobservationontheretroflexreplacingadenta1 1)1cうcededbyaror/.AiGrl, 146,;upPliesnoeixplanationofthenasa1!7.,i.e. inthiscase片/zこ):脚/z.NotealsothatSkt.seemstoknowonlythedenominative α片/zαyαΓe。 49
中央学術研究所紀要第34号
anavalagra柚sul)posedtomeanwithoutendorbellinning(BHSDlsy.).The wordoccul,;,be,;iclesthee,videnceconectedinBHSDs.V.,BhivinR 1andAbhisDh(MiiL)225.1
( ficult passageofthehell,thejungleofrebirthintheround,withoutendorbeginning, ofbirth,oldageanddeath.ArecentclaimbyJ.C.へVright,S加1 z,たα治a,and othercurrenttopicsinPali,召μ加治zげ1加S油θθ/げ0万eηΓα/αηd/4/yicαz7S勉ぷa, LIX,pt.1,1996,P.48isthatratherthanderive四四・7a7Fzfromtheuncixplained Pa.αz7α肌ど717αg照thatvariousauthorsconsideredaskindredtoBuddhistSanskrit wordjtmaybeatisfactorily(jerivedfromSkt.αz7叩αΓα1゛α啄αinfiniteI)resumably ElttestedBhagavataPur助a1.8.43良友μ卯レ1四叩αΓαl゛α侶αゆyα(?)vocSg,the comPound四叩αyα7αy砂αbeingcomparedwithRV.1.146.3朋9のがyj治ri乙ノ/z四加 AccPlmendlesspaths.Thereadingαz7αραΓα1゛α尽αゆyαisquestionable,however, aslfindratherαz7αραlノα啄αyzり,αOSriK.,whoseenergyisinexhaustible(£ど 召/z剱瓜zαΓα?a厄りαQM/召帥丿肥77c,&卯ede沁lc/,!7α.TraduitetPubli6parE.Bur nouf,Pa゛is:lmPrimerieRoyale,MDCCCXL,p.76). anupakh咄a,TOMaterialsl,Pp.50511v.皿即Hlaja,maybeaddedPa. α脚炉αだ/z嶮α(CPDs.V.)Xdisrespectfully)Pushingoneselfforward,forcingones way,encroachingonreferringtoBuddhistαz7£zpmだα(z7)砂α.Cf.Skt.ノフ7aたαz7j,7rf toleapforthoroutorupordown tofallinto(Acc),tofalluPon,attack.The gerundistobedistinguishedfromthenqativepa17ticipleofne(;essityαηび/フαだ/z嶮e (LocSg)inBhivinR 231u豺α肖乙zr/仙面昭卯y励乙z紺㈲了卯7晶り/四卯包/e 凹叩α仙萌(7鋤卯唄 かαy加zμtΓε111slatedbyRI).266,fn.13asltisnotl)roper foranunknowinglytopreParehert)ddingwithafamilyinwhichlovci・・Pleasure istobeenjoyed,andwhich[theRfore]isnottobeencroacheduPon(translated somewhatdifferentlyMaterialsl,p.50). antaraBHSDs.V.αz7た7M(1).Thewordoccursin肩脚α肋α7α脚 what sthe matter?.MV.1.360.11尨 (reason,circumstance)inthis%,MV,166.15ηα zziか£zj/zya脚f肩朋αΓzαα甜αzα唄I donotunderstandwhatisthematterhere .lnhistranslationofAjvagho15a, 召ajj/zαcα治α1.16血層mαη1叩αバ心£4屈励ΓαΓ卵α inordertogivehisbodyl・c,IFresh ment[bytheir(oftwostreamsofwater)]contact,Johnstonremarksthatthisuse ofα77Γαz7zoPPortunity,occasion;matter,thoughclosetotheclassicusedefinedas Mjα❹zyα beingpos5;essedofthesamesense isonlyfoundinBuddhistworks,and thenonlyinthecombination肩脚α7z z7z脚(E.H.Johnston,77ze召gjj/zαcα河Γαθr Jcなげ肋e召ljjj/1α,II,Delhi:MotilaIBanarsidass,1978,p.5andfn.16).Anon Buddhisto(;currenceheleferstoisRaghuvamgaxvl.82α1ノ雨脚jだazyz7甜αz7z脚az7μ ざ心ya・.Γα7z£z伊印a男 lknowyouwhosebodily[form],onanotheroccasion,[was] human . aPinaddhaPravrtoku俎mayoレ]11娠u;mo・;ul)unyagandhoajinoPasevito.These linesMV.2.61.12(vs)al・eitranslatedbyJH,p.58asacouchwaslaid,madewith 50Materia】sfortheLe`i(:()11raphy()fBuddhislSan如ilo誰約衣疸y二公認趾hikaLokouara,,iidins(II) 17ragrant包血grassand(2overedwithd(うcうrskinソrhecompound,sz/7加心以/z,7μ 町加 isanotherexampleofdvandvacomPoundslikeんa/❹ya謂α black,[intensely?] black (Bhu P24.18,seeMaterialsl,Pp.65and92)whichredundantlycombine twoquasisynonymousadje5ctives.Amore£1(;curatetranslationofthelinesisa couch,madewithfragrant腕疏zgrass[and]clothed,wrappedandcoveredwith deel sk❹.α/f卯pselノ加col I eispondstoPa.α/加即ay印加[whcll・e叩se1ノ説zisthe pastParticiPleofcausativeof14μに 加2 meaning sewn,stitched;sewntoge ther (Conep.478)]ocQIrringJav407,4;407,28withthemeaning sewn,covered withananimalskin(ConeP.32). astobeisatwopart(twoPlace)verbconstruedwiththePo5;s;essiveGenof theexPeriencerr(うferredtobyapersonalpronounwhichmakesthatthisexistential verbfunctionsasaverbofstate(andevenasaverbofthinking,orofilltellectual content). MV.2.131.61θ謂αmαyg71j卯町フ呵励αm/y乙zlノ❶❼lwouldbeguiltyofdelit,erate falsehoo(j(J),moreliterallyThiswouldbemyconsciouslie. 3Sgopt乃7ぶalternateswith25y4whichhasthesamegrammaticalmeaning,e・g・ inthefollowingboundsyntacticalformula:MV.2.64.23乃,azμzα&/7μz7αΓ油/豺・7凹 a゛α謂α ya(V.LとlsyajBHSD29.41)ltmayindeedbeagain,monks,that[your thought]is[that…]. asecanaMV.3.421.19(vs)ayecaηα唄cα肌θcαz7α唄t)1issfulreleElse(J).Cf.BHSD ss.vv.α どcαz7α,α, ecαz7αだαand必ecαηαだα.Norman1994:111112suggestedthatthe conjunctiveParticlecαggasintroducedsecondarilyandthatthePriorshapeofthe sequenceM/asa ecαz7αy7z可四α唄>a ecαz7α伊川θ/α1ノα唄 ofsweetsavour,nevercau singl;urfeit(cf.BroughP.193translatingGandhariDharmapada72心砂αりe隋砂α一 片α)withthenas1111zationofthevowelbyanusvara,whichwasinterPretedas a ecαηα唄隋可αwz唄,thelatterbeingassumedtobeavoicedformof肌θcαz7α唄. ThisofcoursechangessignificantlythemeaningofthesequenceinMV;thePoint defendedbyNormanisthatsincethePadaa ecαηαだα唄謂θcαzz,7唄(?)introduced anincorrectcadencefora 1okaline(一一,。,M), theBHSredactorovercamethis problembyshorteningα ecαz?α臨z唄to圃ecαηα唄andinsertingcαtogivetherequi redshortsyllable))。 imb❼cil!ljikan.(?)occursBhivinR 252.Nr,.3281eavesituntranslated,whe reasherfn.17saysthatitsmeanjngisunknownandthatthereadingshouldbe li諭迫真゜meaningfermentedacidwaterofcooking.lfthesuggestedreadingaz❹とz たa回流αisreliable,attentionistobedrawntotheentryCDIAL579αm優一 (Manava Dharm官冠認認諾) sour,acid quotingPa.α用占αだα可決α sourcongee ( sour gruePaccordingtoCone2001:228s.V.α用わα1).0ntheotherhand,CDIAL1268 s.V.a用心m. mangotree ;nyitsfruit quotesamongitsequivalentsPa.α用ろαm. 51
中 央 学 術 研 究 所 紀 要 第 3 4 号 thetree;nyitsfruit.Thusa肌仙幼回fたα/々加1/α包河jxcα2istherdnterPretationof *α謂ろαたa河此αwherethefirstmemberofthecompoundhasbeenusedinthesen seofPa.α川ろα2themangotree(Cone2001:228).Themeaningofa朋ろaた4回流α isthensourorfermentedjuiceofthemangofruit.AddthatinJainaSkt. α謂ろαだ/z功昭αmatchesSkt.a川M加わ/α加roundedlikethecrookedmangofruit (S(;htlbringp.32,56and58)・ iij;lulikam.!judge.BhivinR 140hasthisword,;e,veraltimes,e.9.ゐα,7流a jz7z&ノ/za(BhivinCreadsjjj)Thejudgeswere[good]believers(cfHirakawaP. 139translatingfromChinese:NowithapPenedthatthejudgebelievedinthe BuddhasDoctrine).Np.90,fn.13accountsforthemeaningofthiswordPositing thataαzzαstandinghereford/zf777?laα7zαthroneofjustice(MW512c)issyno nymouswithd/1附7?債j/z流αM!7αjudge,mal;扨trate(MW512b)andthatconsequently 必α刀流αissynonymouswithd/1ぶ7月ぶ治流a肖馬samemeaning.BHSDhas心αz7αだα seatwhichhedeems化ertainlynotdiminutive .lnaαz?流αthesuffixe一流,7 denotesthefunctionmeantbytheunderlyingnounゐαz7αけhewordmusthave beeninitiallyanadjectivehavingaseat(cf.T.Burrow,771eSα心ん治£乙7yz!μ4α叩, London:FaberandFaber,1955,p.196quotingtheadj.α琲αだαmakinganend). Thesuffix此αΓeplacesα臨z(AiGrII,2,P.309)whichinBuddhistSanskrittends tobecomeasimplevariantofだα(Gr.sct.,p.247). utpadyatiBHSDsJ.rellistersthemeaningl;arisesinonesmind,111)pearsor o(;curstoone.Thatpresupposestwocorearguments:animpersonalagentandthe beneficiary.ButinMV.1.284.67α脚α琲4J}z叫y・7j/zjjaπμ7θμな7α/7z7θAninhumanpla guebrokeouttheintransitivesubjectinNomiscombinedwiththepastpel^fect PalticiPlefromanequallyintran怯mveverb£4rj・乙z砂αΓjtoarise;tooccurexPIessing thePurepastintheactivesense,withnobeneficiarypointedout.Cf.H.Hend riksen/ASyntacticRuleinPaliandArdhamagadhi,/lcω0河eη奴/加,XX,1948: 88and90quoting,forexample,Uttarajjhaya19.7(Uttaradhyayana1;{itra,ed.J. Charpentier,UpPsala,19211922}戸むαΓ叩α唄α謂町アノフαηz7α唄theremembranceof hisformerl)irthsarose(inhim).lnourlanguageindeedthecomParisonofthe latte1con;tructionwiththePassive[;onstructionra/jiどフレ]必rQ77zr皿助bytheking amessengerhasbeensent,aconversetotheactiveconstructionMV.1.128.1516 5θ[…]ja忽y?1乙z17r町αyehesentamessenger,showsthatthePastperfectPalticiPle l4な7αz7なりpolsl;essesthesame11rammaticalfeaturesasjフr可説zみmadefromthe transitiveverbj,肥ざ砂αΓPtosendfRorth.A11thatisnotnew,butitisworthtoshow theextenttowhichBuddhistSanskritowesitssyntaxtoMiddlelndoAryan. udirayatibothkeepsitsSkt.meanjng toraise,rouse andisusedin meaningknownalreadyinthe尽gveda toraiseone svoice;toutter,speak the 2Thewordlikea剤/af.,a謂/αm. tamarindtree mighthaveinfluencedthe l・einterPretation. 52
5゛1t❼出柚nheLe)゛icogl叩hyofBllddhi吼5S11skl゛itoftheMlhEisj呻ghikaLokottlll・avadins(II) (MW186b,seeRVよ168.8b必cα。7❹Z,1今回r乙8.101.16a凹cQpzjα堺1jcα。7❹池. yα削Z伊)withthedirectobject(Acc)ofthetl`ansitiveverbdesignatingthespeech orvoiceproductionorthebesPokenitem,whe2asinBuddhistSkt.thisobjectis sometimesomittedorrePlaced,forexanlPlewithGdvoftheactionverb.Thus,on theonehand,MV.2.20.4(vs)yα唄だα片α砂α用£zと汝砂αtellwhatistobedoneand, ontheotherhand,moreinlinewithformerusageMV.2.138.6ja゛ag/zθ誤朋£❹zzα一 叩心岫thello(jsraisedashout,MV3.354.16だ加池z,?lrf❹❹心肺̈Whatisthis? theyshouted(inthe tterinstancethediRctspeechisfollowedbythequotative 雌 uPaniPatatitoswooPdownonisusedwithLocofthe21汀ectedobject: BhivinR85r7,μyαΓ/z即旨7,7。797,7.面g。7/7αz7z7eyαyαだα7α!7ecαなど7zαぞz,yα1ノα ηa謂α 印どど7zl可arh4ραz7φαΓり7αThisis,Ananda,asifthediseasenamedたぶ?双7φ21ノαwere swooPingdownontheharvestofbarley,while71φαΓ゜tofalluponisusedwith GenoftheexperiencerandGenoftheaffectedobject: MV3.39.23gz/zαjαバαz?a7α1圃yαα川a印α/以飢碍α/7£4原α四琲唄yα呵α/フ乙4飢弓ノα 謂a&?zで謂ηαz?7z7φα治ど7取AssoonasthecounsellorssonsawPuIJyavantathe kingsson,heconceivedanaffectionforhim(J),1ity…anaffectionforPuリyavanta thekingssonswooPeddownonhim.ltisusedwithLocoftheaffectedobject AbhisDh(MaL)77.6Jぬ/1どil励如ρ心/zαz77α 碑7α 乙7・;othatit[thecうxcrement] fε111sfirstonit[aPlankofwood]。 uparigantul!ltheinfi❹tiveofBuddhistSanskrit*叫フα吻ど7謂isacknowledged MV.2.45.1516陀忽rn7&θd/1奴7ryayyαz7αjαわ7θ甜丿略7α吻αz7勉男They(theseers) couldnotthenpassovertheBodhisattva.MXV205aacords町7α吻α吊goneup, ascended(BhP),whichdoesnotguaranteeotherfiniteornonfiniteformsofthis verbmadeassuredlyonノフα吻どz朋togoroundoraboutorthrough(MXV592c), cf.M/erbaP.177quotingthemeaningkommenauf,verstehen. ehbhaktatajppanaAbhisDh(MaL)140.3F励7励rfλ;乙房c(7f7Ar乙z岫(7Å;r油7z77/フ卯 cαvillagedwellersand[thoselwhoare5;atisfiedwithonlyonelnealaday.This compoundexplessestheagent,nottheactofsatisfying:wehaveherethetransfer oftheglobalvalueofthedeterminativecomPoundintothecategoryofPossessive compounds(ontheprocess:Gr.skt,p.83).S.K厠ashima/XVhoComposedtheLo tusSatra?AntagonismBetweenWildemessandvillageMonks,jz7z7μ❹尺印りだげ 治e加re・αΓ沁77α/Re肥α,で/17,1所以陀か,ツ1面α,7c❶召ajj/l。/。gyαΓSθた(z研7加e❹ryか「 涜eJcαje朋/cyeαΓ2θθθ,2001,P.154translatesthecomPoundeだαゐ/zαたたzΓα?μαぴα ε1scommonmeal。0necanwonderwhetherthelatterinterpretationiscompu1 sory.Although巳たαわ/1α后αisusuallyunderstoodaseatingonlyonemealaday [MW228c,cf.alsoeだαか/z14后αthefacttoeatonly(onceaday)foundinthe PitrmedhasUtras,P.XIxas(L.Renou,佃ja:吃j&7MeinM❹f(;・勉ぷa.JC❹/ecrだ)z7 げ1加Raeα❹17)9eaげ&げ£)ハμ昭加町Γα,NewD(ぅ1hi,1981J.590)],itistrue that政αasfirstmemberofcomPoundsmeanse5itherone()ドcommon:i三三i岫盛幽 53
中 央 学 術 研 究 所 紀 要 第 混 号 yayαz7むαzlαadj.sharingcommonb(ぅd,commonseatandcommonmeaP(Harivam一 弘),eだ心治a愚α/z砂αm.afriendwithwhomthesamevel;selisshared(Narada), butcf・,forexamPle,どん❹απzりαadjy[asi月havingonlyoneshelter,eだ❼α冷佃adj・ wholiveslonely,withnolcllatives(Schmidt,p.126).Notice,however,Abhis Dh(MaL)181.910抑 groupofsixmonkswearing[only]onegarmentweresearchingfor[other]gar mentsandPa.eたほか/1αΓΓαm(vin.I.194.32,34)theonemea1(aday)(BDIV, P.261),cf.&αゐ/zαΓΓ汝αL(mfn.)eatingonlyonemealadaybeforenoon 2.n.the eatingonlyonemealaday(Cone2001:535). omiitretitourinateuponisusedwithAccoftheaffectedobject(goa1): MV.2.428.2卯αたど吋1加Mya唄θ川ar肥川PlurinateuPonmybed.Cf.aPa.example ヽvithLocfromKathavatthu472,22加丿励α消即eQ&❹弓yαQmlzrr/・eMyα(Cone2001 s.V.θ川μ誼刎)whichcontrastswithGenAccalsoinAbhisDh(MaL)79.89肌4 ん/z❹ほ。e砂阿川αz7θ川aM砂αarjYoushouldnot,venelrable[friend],urinateupon me,hesaid。 ovadatiinMV.2.33.15(vs)77αだcαc)wzjαΓjisrenderedasand[he]exhorted others.ButthisverbhasamorespecificmeaninginBhivinRwhichisavast collectionofspecimensoftextsusedandutteredmostlybynunsandoccasionally bymonks.ltcontrastswithBhuP,a(;()11ectionoftextsusedandutteredonlyby monks.G.vonSimsonissaidsuggestingthattextsthatw三三usedbymonkstended tohavealmosta)rrectSanskrit,whereastextsusedbynunswerewritteninBHS (quotedasPersonalcommunicationinL.M.Fosse,77ze()7a;げC/z印η❹θgy加Sα心 友治£/陀z77以μ?.&α冶rfaαz7j佃dθ/θgy.ノ15rM砂げμe θd,0slo:Scandinavian univasityPreslら1997,p.130,fn.70yltshouldbenoticed,however,thattheBhu Pjsatextbymonksandformonkl;interspersedwithmultipleformswhosegram maticalfeaturesdonotdifferfromthoseofBhivinR.Moreover,athoroughdis tinctionshouldbemadebetweenthetextswithinBhivinR,ontheonehand, meantforthenunsandaboutthenunsandmeantbothforthemonksandthe nuns,butaboutthemonks.TheexamPleofθ1゛❶αΓjisp111ticularlytelling.BhivinR uses111tel11ativelytheverbθy乙❹(e・g.BhivinR 109cwα加勉。leどz,yθ)andrz17.❶ toadmonish,k)instruct(BhivinR 167z77aazyαz77£f万友助成zz?1仙/豺卯即だ詞c❹ α1゛αwzdな αdonot,youdistinguishedwomenmates,admonishhowsoeverthis nun).BhuP2LMormuほesthe21thpacattikadharmaas即戸回α1面郎・4心α唄z77αΓQ 岫/豺卯加回心eyα/7a(ぼ欣α唄Whatevermonkjbeing)unauth()rized,shouldad monishanun,thatisal)licattik21 (ialsoBhuP5.16alノ砂滋7収7声α/フ助,aformula Palticularlychara(;teristicoftheMahasamghikaLokottaravadindiction(BhivinR p.25jn.2・cf.NIタI).85,fn.26whereθ17砂汝aism扨1)rinted).Remarkably,theSkt. shaPe(7yαwzjdoesnotappearinBhuP. Therelationbetweentherulesforthemonksandtherulesforthenunsisclearly illtlstl`atedBhivillR2j54.1tsa5a;thatthe,;evenmethodsc)fregulationofquarrels amongthenunsaresimilartothoseusedamongthemonks(jαρ忽αj/z此αz77!?❹α α 54