㸯㸧᪂₲Ꮫ ேᩥ♫⛉Ꮫ⣔ ࠛ950-2181 ᪂₲ᕷす༊༑ᔒ 2 ࡢ⏫ 8050 ␒ᆅ; Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan, Tel: 025-262-7089, FAX: 025-262-7089, E-mail: [email protected]
㸰㸧᪂₲┴❧Ꮫ ࠛ950-8680 ᪂₲┴᪂₲ᕷᮾ༊ᾏ⪁ࢣ℩ 471 ␒ᆅ; University of Niigata Prefecture, 471 Ebigase, Higashi-ku, Niigata, 950-8680, Japan, Tel: 025-270-1300, E-mail: [email protected]
㸱㸧㛗㔝┴❧Ꮫ ᗣⓎ㐩Ꮫ㒊 ࠛ380-8525 㛗㔝ᕷ୕㍯ 8-49-7; Faculty of Health and Human Development, The University of Nagano, 8-49-7 Miwa, Nagano, 380-8525, Japan, Tel: 026-462-1464, E-mail: [email protected]
㸲㸧ṊᗜᕝዪᏊᏛ ᗣ࣭ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ⛉Ꮫ㒊 ࠛ663-8558 すᐑᕷụ㛤⏫ 6-46; Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 6-46 Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8558, Japan, Tel: 0798-45-9850, E-mail: [email protected]
㸳㸧㏆␥Ꮫ ⤒ႠᏛ㒊 ࠛ577-8502 㜰ᗓᮾ㜰ᕷᑠⱝỤ 3-4-1; Department of Management and Business, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan, Tel: 06-4307-4282, E-mail: [email protected]
㸴㸧᱒ⶱᶓᏛ ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶᗣᨻ⟇Ꮫ㒊 ࠛ225-8503 ⚄ዉᕝ┴ᶓᕷ㟷ⴥ༊㕲⏫ 1614; Faculty of Culture and Sport Policy, Toin University of
ዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍᒃఫᙧែ㣗⾜ື
㹼 ᖺ㛫ࡢ⦪᩿ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝࡢศᯒࡽ㹼
➟ᕳ⣧୍
㸯㸧࣭ᐑす㑥ኵ
㸰㸧࣭➟ཎ㈡Ꮚ
㸱㸧࣭ᯇᮏ⿱ྐ
㸲㸧࣭す⏣㡰୍
㸳㸧࣭ᓫ⾜
㸴㸧Household living arrangement and eating behavior influence nutrient intake among female students at
universities, colleges, and vocational schools: a 1-year longitudinal study
Junichi Kasamaki1), Kunio Miyanishi2), Yoshiko Kasahara3), Hiroshi Matsumoto4),
Junichi Nishida5) and Takayuki Shibukura6)
ABSTRACT
Among students, food or nutrient intake depends on attributes such as eating behavior, household living arrangement, and sex. However, the effects of influencing factors associated with the progressing school years at universities, colleges, and vocational schools on nutrient intake among students have not been sufficiently clarified.
This study aimed to establish evidence for the factors that affect nutrient intake and to obtain useful information for programs held to help students maintain a healthy diet.
A 1-year longitudinal, prospective study was conducted on nutrient intake and eating behavior among university, college, and vocational school students (141 females; valid response = 135) throughout the main islands of Japan. This study was based on the results of a questionnaire survey that evaluated the diets of subjects using a 5-point scale (allocating 1–5 points for each response).
Vitamin and mineral (green and yellow vegetables) intake was significantly lower in the second year at universities, colleges, and vocational schools than in the first year. The frequency of skipping breakfast significantly increased from the first to second year of attending a university, college, or vocational school. The students who changed from “not living alone” in the first year to “living alone” in the second year had a significantly higher frequency of skipping breakfast and lower nutrient intake than those who responded “not living alone” in both years. Nutrient intake was considered to be directly affected by eating habits, such as skipping breakfast and instant food intake, and indirectly affected by household living arrangements.
.H\:RUGV eating behavior, nutritional intake, household living arrangement, female students, longitudinal prospective study
Ϩ ⥴ゝ ⏕ά⩦័ࡣࠊࡸᗣ㛗ᑑࡢ᭱ࡢ㜼ᐖせᅉ࡞ࡿ ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᅜẸ་⒪㈝ࡶࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ 㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪2019㸧ࠋᖹᡂ 28 ᖺᗘᅜẸ་⒪㈝ࡢᴫἣ ࡼࡿࠊയศ㢮ู་⛉デ⒪་⒪㈝ᵓᡂ㸦⥲ᩘ㸧ࡣࠊ ᚠ⎔ჾ⣔ࡢᝈ㸦19.7%㸧ࠊ᪂⏕≀㸺⭘⒆㸼㸦14.1%㸧ࡢ 㡰㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪2018㸧ࠋ⏕ά⩦័ ࡣ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢ㔜ࡸྜేࡢⓎ ⏕ࡀᅜẸࡢᗣᖾ⚟ឤࢆᦆ࡞࠸ࠊᅜᐙࡢ㈈ᨻࢆᅽ㏕ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦᪥ᮏᏛ⾡㆟⮫ᗋ་Ꮫጤဨᚠ⎔ჾ࣭ෆศἪ࣭ ௦ㅰศ⛉㸪2014㸧ࠋ⏕ά⩦័ࡢ୍ḟண㜵ࡣࠊQOL㸦⏕ άࡢ㉁㸧ࡢపୗࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᑐ⟇࠾࠸࡚ᚲせྍ Ḟ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᗣᨻ⟇ࠕᗣ᪥ᮏ 21㸦➨ḟ㸧ࠖ㸦ཌ⏕⛉ Ꮫᑂ㆟ᆅᇦಖᗣቑ㐍ᰤ㣴㒊, ḟᮇᅜẸᗣ࡙ ࡃࡾ㐠ືࣉࣛࣥ⟇ᐃᑓ㛛ጤဨ㸪2012㸧࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡑ ࡢᚲせᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᗣ᪥ᮏ21㸦ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ⏬᳨ウ㸪ᗣ᪥ᮏ21 ィ⏬⟇ᐃ᳨ウ㸪2000㸧ࡢ⟇ᐃ ࡽ20 ᖺ㏆ࡃࡀ⤒㐣ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮍࡔࠊ⏕ά⩦័ࢆ
ᮍ↛㜵ࡄ᭷ຠ࡞ᡭ❧࡚ࡣ☜❧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ᨭ ⟇ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ➨3 ḟ㣗⫱᥎㐍ᇶᮏィ⏬㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬㸪2016㸧࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣࠊᗣᑑࡢᘏఙࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵࠊⱝ࠸ୡ௦ࢆ୰ᚰࡋ ࡓ㣗⫱ࡢ᥎㐍ࢆ㔜Ⅼㄢ㢟ࡢ୍ࡘᐃࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⱝ࠸ୡ௦ ࡢ㣗⩦័ࡣࠊ20㹼29 ṓࡢᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⪅ࡢྜࡀ 27.3㸣㸦ཌ ⏕ປാ┬㸪2018㸧㧗್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ㔝⳯㢮ࡢᦤྲྀ 㔞㸦1 ᪥ᙜࡓࡾᖹᆒ್㸧ࡶ 15㹼19 ṓ 252.0 gࠊ20㹼29 ṓ 242.8 g㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪2018㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊᗣ᪥ᮏ 21㸦➨ ḟ㸧ࡢ┠ᶆ್㸦ᡂே1 ே 1 ᪥ᙜࡓࡾᖹᆒ್ 350 g㸧ࢆ ࡁࡃୗᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㛗ᮇ㛫ࢃࡓࡿᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࡣࠊᚰ⾑⟶⣔ࡢᗣ≧ែࡢᝏ ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿ㸦Smith et al., 2010㸧ࠊṚஸ⋡㛵㐃 ࡋࡓ⏕ά⩦័ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Breslow and Enstrom, 1980㸧ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ㔝࣭⳯ᯝ≀ࡢᦤྲྀࡣࠊᑑࢆᘬࡁఙࡤࡍせᅉࡢ୍ ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ㸦Khaw et al., 2008㸧ࡸࠊ㠀࡛ࢇࢇ㔝⳯ࡢ ᦤྲྀࡀࠊཱྀ⭍ࡀࢇࠊဗ㢌ࡀࢇࠊႃ㢌ࡀࢇࡢண㜵ᅉᏊ࡞ ࡿࡇࡀ㸦World Cancer Research Fund International, 2016㸧 ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ⏕ά⩦័㛵㐃ࡋࡓ㣗⏕άᙳ 㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࡢゎ᫂ࡣࠊ⏕ά⩦័ࡢ୍ḟண㜵⟇ࢆㅮࡎࡿ ୖ࡛ᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ 㣗⏕άࡣࠊࡀࢇࡸᚠ⎔ჾᝈࡢࡶᵝࠎ࡞ᗣၥ㢟 㛵ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࠊⱝᖺዪᛶࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓ㐺ษ࡞ ࢲ࢚ࢵࢺࡑࢀక࠺ᚰ㌟ࡢᗣࡀၥ㢟どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋᖹᡂ 29 ᖺᅜẸᗣ࣭ᰤ㣴ㄪᰝሗ࿌㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬, 2018㸧ࡼࡿࠊዪᛶࡢࡸࡏ㸦BMI㸦య㔜㸦kg㸧㸭㌟㛗 㸦m㸧2㸧: 18.5 ᮍ‶㸧ࡣࠊ10 ṓ௦ᚋ༙ࡽ 20 ṓ௦ࡅ ࡚ᛶ࣭ᖺ㱋㝵⣭ู࡛≉㧗࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦15㹼19 ṓ17.3%ࠊ20㹼29 ṓ 21.7%㸧ࠋ᪥ᮏேࡢⱝᖺዪᛶࡣࠊࠕ ᖖே࠾࠸࡚ࡶ⌮ࡍࡿ࣎ࢹ࣭࣓࣮ࢪࡀ㐣ᗘࡢ⑭ ㌟ࠖ㸦すᮧࡽ㸪2010㸧ഴྥ࠶ࡾࠊࠕᬑ㏻య㔜࡛࠶ࡿࡢ ⑭ࡏࡓ࠸ᛮ࠺ࠖ࠸࠺⑭ࡏ㢪ᮃࡀ7 ๓ᚋ㧗࠸㸦ụ ⏣ࡽ㸪2008㸧ࠋᐇ㝿ࠊዪᏊ▷ᮇᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ◊✲ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊయᆺࡀࠕᬑ㏻ࠖ㸦BMI 18.5 ௨ୖ 25 ᮍ‶㸧㸦㌟ 㛗ࠊయ㔜ࡢグධᇶ࡙ࡁ⟬ฟ㸧ࡢᏛ⏕ࡢ77.8%ࡀయ㔜ࢆ ῶࡽࡑ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠕῶ㔞⩌࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ಥ㸪2013㸧ࠋ ┦ᕝࡽ㸦2001㸧ࡀዪᏊᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟⾜ࡗࡓ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ యࡢ 81.7%ࡢ⪅ࡀࢲ࢚ࢵࢺ⤒㦂⪅࡛࠶ࡗࡓሗ࿌ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⱝᖺዪᛶࡣࠕㄗࡗࡓ⌮య㔜ࡢᐇ⌧ྥࡅ ࡚ࡢ࢚࢘ࢺࢧࢡࣜࣥࢢ࡛⢭⚄ⓗ࡞⑂ປ≧ࡀ㧗࠸ ഴྥࠖ㸦㔜⏣ࡽ㸪2007㸧࠶ࡿࡇࡸࠊࠕࢲ࢚ࢵࢺࡢᐇ ⾜ࡀ㣗⏕άၥ㢟ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊ⑂ປ⮬ぬ≧ࡢቑࡘ ࡞ࡀࡿࠖ㸦ụ⏣ࡽ㸪2008㸧ࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ㄗࡗࡓ㣗⩦័ࡀ㦵㔞ࡢῶᑡ㛵ࡍࡿ࠸ࡗࡓሗ࿌ࡶ ࠶ࡿࠋ18㹼24 ṓࡢዪᏊᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓᗈ⏣ࡽ㸦1994㸧 ࡢ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ᭦ᖺᮇࡸ㧗㱋ᮇ࠾ࡇࡿ㦵⢒㧼 ࢆண㜵ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊⱝᖺᮇ࠾࠸࡚ࣆ࣮ࢡ࣮࣐࣎ࣥࢫ ࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ㧗ࡵ࡚࠾ࡃࡇࡀ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ࢝ࣝ ࢩ࣒࢘ࢆ୰ᚰࡋࡓࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢࢀࡓᰤ㣴ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ㐺ษ ࡞㐠ືࡢ⥅⥆ࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ10 ṓ௦ᚋ༙ࠊ ≉㧗ᰯ༞ᴗᚋࡣ㐍Ꮫ➼క࠸ࠊ⏕ά⎔ቃࡸࣛࣇࢫࢱ ࣝኚࡀ⏕ࡌࡸࡍ࠸ᮇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢᗣ 㛵㐃ࡋࡓᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍせᅉࢆゎ᫂ ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐺ษ࡞ᨭ⟇ࢆㅮࡎࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ㟷ᑡᖺᒙࢆྵࡴㄪᰝᑐ㇟ࢆศᯒࡋࡓඛ⾜◊ ✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㣗⏕ά㛵㐃ࡍࡿㅖせᅉࡢ᳨ウࡀ࡞ࡉࢀࠊ ᒃఫᙧែ㸦㊊❧㸪1990; ఀᾏࡽ㸪1999; ᑠ㔝ࡽ㸪2003; Lupi et al., 2015; ➟ᕳ, 2015; ➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧ࠊḞ㣗㸦⳥ᆅࡽ, 2010; ཎ⏣ࡽ㸪2010; ከ⏣ࡽ, 2011; ➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧ࠊእ 㣗㸦Feunekes et al., 1996; Clemens et al., 1999; బࠎᮌ㎷, 2000; ➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧ࠊ㛫㣗㸦ྂᶫࡽ㸪2006㸧ࠊ㣗⾜ືኚ ᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ㸦Finckenor and Byrd-Bredbenner, 2000; Betts et al., 2003; 㓇ࡽ㸪2009, ᰘ᳃, 2009㸧ࠊᗣ㛵ࡍࡿព ㆑࣭▱㆑࣭ែᗘ㸦㛛⏣㸪2004㸧ࠊㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡㸦ஂಖࡽ㸪2007; ➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧➼ࡢ㛵㐃ࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ㣗≀ࡢᾘ ㈝ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ㣗≀Ⴔዲࡀᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ࠸ࡗࡓሗ࿌ࡶ࠶ࡿ 㸦Drewnowski et al., 1999㸧ࠋ ୍᪉࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ㛵㐃せᅉࡀⱝᖺዪᛶࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢࠊࡑࡢᶵᗎࡸྛせᅉࡢᙳ 㡪ຊࠊ┦㛵㐃ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᮍゎ᫂࡞㒊ศࡀከ࠸ࠋᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍㅖせᅉࡢゎ᫂ࡣࠊ⦪᩿ㄪᰝ ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࡢ᳨ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮍࡔㄢ㢟 ࡋ࡚ṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᏛ➼ධᏛࡋ ࡓዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ㣗⏕άࢆ⦪᩿ⓗㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍせᅉࢆゎ᫂ࡋࠊዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢ㣗 ⏕άࡢᨵၿྥࡅࡓᨭ⟇⏕ࡍࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡋࡓࠋ ϩ ᪉ἲ 㸯㸬ᑐ㇟⪅ㄪᰝ᪉ἲ ⚄ዉᕝ┴ࠊ⩌㤿┴ࠊ᪂₲┴ࠊරᗜ┴ࠊி㒔ᗓࡢᏛࠊ ▷ᮇᏛࠊᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯࠊィ6 ᰯࡢᏛ⏕ᑐࡋ࡚ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿ ࢵࢺཬࡧ㉁ၥ⣬ࢆ⏝࠸ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋㄪᰝ ࡣࠊ2016 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 16 ᪥㹼2017 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 28 ᪥ࡢ㛫⦪᩿ⓗ 2 ᅇ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ㛫㝸ࡣࠊ350 ᪥௨ୖࢆタࡅ࡚ࠊᏛᖺక࠺ኚࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋᑐ㇟⪅ࡢ ᑓ㛛ศ㔝ࡣࠊᩍ⫱࣭ಖ⫱ࠊᕤᏛ࣭⌮ᕤᏛࠊ㡢ᴦࠊࢫ࣏࣮ ࢶ࣭య⫱Ꮫࠊ⏕ά࣭ᰤ㣴࣭ᐙᨻᏛࠊ་Ꮫࠊ⸆Ꮫ➼࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࠋㄪᰝࡣࠊ↓グྡࡼࡿከ㡯┠㑅ᢥᅇ⟅ᙧᘧࡼࡿ ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㸦୍㒊⮬⏤グ㏙㸧ࠋᅇ⟅ࡣࢫ ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ㸦ࡑࡢࡢࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢶ࣮ࣝ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓㄪᰝ࠾࠸ ࡚ࡣࠊ㞟ྜἲࡲࡓࡣWeb ࢧࢺࡼࡗ࡚ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪ
ᰝࡢ༠ຊࢆ౫㢗ࡋࡓࠋࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡛ࡢᅇ⟅ࡀᅔ㞴 ࡞⎔ቃ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ㉁ၥ⣬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ㉁ၥ⣬ࡢᅇࡣࠊ ⴭ⪅ࡲࡓࡣㄪᰝᐇᑐ㇟ᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡀ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣥࢱ࣮ ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡲࡓࡣ㉁ၥ⣬ᮍᅇ⟅ࡢ⪅ࡣࠊཧຍ⪅㸦ྠ ពࡋ࡞ࡗࡓ⪅㸧ࡋࡓࠋᅇ⟅Ḟᦆࡢ࠶ࡿ⚊ࡣ↓ຠ⚊ ࡋࡓࠋ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾ࡅࡿ 1 ᏛᖺዪᏊࡢ᭷ຠᅇ⟅⪅ ᩘࡣࠊ687 ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᏛ➼ 1 Ꮫ ᖺࡽ2 Ꮫᖺࡅ࡚ࡢኚࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋ⣙ 1 ᖺࡢᮇ㛫 ࢆ⤒࡚ 2 ᅇㄪᰝཧຍࡋࡓ 186 ேࡢዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡢෆࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ1 ᏛᖺᒓࡍᏛ⏕ࡣ 141 ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋゎᯒ ᚲせ࡞㡯┠ࡢᅇ⟅Ḟᦆࡢ࠶ࡿ6 ேࢆ㝖እࡋࠊィ 5 ᰯ 135 ே㸦᭷ຠᅇ⟅⋡ 95.7%㸧ࡽ᭷ຠᅇ⟅ࢆᚓࡓࠋ 㸰㸬⌮ⓗ㓄៖ ㄪᰝࡣࠊⴭ⪅ࡲࡓࡣㄪᰝᐇᑐ㇟ᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡀㄪᰝ ᑐ㇟⪅௨ୗࡢㄝ᫂ࢆ⾜࠸༠ຊ౫㢗ᑐࡋ࡚㈶ྠࡋࡓ ⪅ࡽᅇ⟅ࢆᚓࡓࠋᑐ㇟⪅ࡣࠊᮏ◊✲ࡀ⏕ά⩦័࣭ ᗣព㆑ࡢᐇែࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊண㜵ࡢࡓࡵࡢᗣ ቑ㐍άື㈨ࡍࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ⾜ࢃࢀࠊ↓グྡㄪᰝ࡛࠶ ࡾࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࡢฎ⌮࠾࠸࡚ࡣಶேࢆ≉ᐃࡋ࡞࠸ࡇࠊㄪ ᰝᑐ㇟࡞ࡿ㞟ᅋࡢᏛᰯྡࡣබ⾲ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇࠊ⬟ຊࡸᏛ ຊࢆヨࡍࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇࠊㄪᰝࡢ༠ຊࡣ௵ព࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᅇ⟅ࢆᣄྰࡋ࡚ࡶ┈ࢆࡇ࠺ࡴࡿࡇࡀ࡞࠸ࡇࢆ ᭩㠃࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋㄪᰝᐇᑐ㇟ᰯࡢᩍ⫋ဨࡢ౫㢗࠶ ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊ◊✲ᴫせཬࡧㄪᰝෆᐜࢆ๓ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ ࡶࠊㄪᰝ༠ຊࡀ௵ព࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆཱྀ㢌࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋᢎㅙࢆ ᚓࡓᚋࠊㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ᪂₲Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊 ಖయ⫱◊✲⌮ᑂᰝጤဨࡢᢎㅙࢆᚓ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㸦㏻ ▱␒ྕ 2015-11㸧ࠋ 㸱㸬ㄪᰝෆᐜ ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓㄪᰝෆᐜࡣࠊ㌟㛗ࠊయ㔜ࠊ ᒃఫᙧែࠊ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌㸦ྛ 1 㡯┠ࠊྜィ 6 㡯┠㸧ࠊ እ㣗ᦤྲྀ㸦1 㡯┠㸧ࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㸦1 㡯┠㸧ࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ 㸦4 㡯┠㸧ࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ㸦1 㡯┠㸧ࠊ㛫㣗㸦༗ ๓ࠊኤ㣗๓ࠊኤ㣗ᚋࠊྜィ3 㡯┠㸧ࠊ㣗Ⴔዲ㸦ᥭࡆ≀࣭ ⅗ࡵ≀㸦௨ୗࠊἜᩱ⌮㸧ࠊ⫗ᩱ⌮ࠊࢫࢼࢵࢡ㢮ࠊ⏑࠸࠾ ⳫᏊࠊྛ1 㡯┠ࠊྜィ 4 㡯┠㸧ࠊㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡㸦11 㡯┠㸧ࠊ ㄪ⌮ჾලࡢᡤ᭷㸦1 㡯┠㸧ࠊ㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ㸦1 㡯 ┠㸧ࠊᑑཬࡰࡍ㣗⩦័ࡢᙳ㡪ࡢព㆑㸦ᮅ㣗ࠊ㛫㣗ࠊ 㔝࣭⳯ᯝ≀ࠊྛ1 㡯┠ࠊྜィ 3 㡯┠㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᒃఫ ᙧែ㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࠊ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࢆᑜࡡࡓ㸦
⾲㸧ࠋBody mass index㸦BMI㸸య㔜㸦kg㸧㸭㌟㛗㸦m㸧2㸧
ࡣࠊ⮬ᕫ⏦࿌ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ㌟㛗య㔜ࢆᇶ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ 㣗⩦័㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ㡯┠㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢ㓄Ⅼࢆ⾲♧ ࡋࡓࠋ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌㛵ࡍࡿ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࡣࠊཌ⏕ປാ ┬㸦2008㸧ࡀࠕ㣗⏕άᨵၿᣦᑟᢸᙜ⪅◊ಟࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࠖ ࠾࠸࡚♧ࡋࡓ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌㸦➨ 1 ⩌㸸ࡓࢇࡥࡃ㉁ࡀ ከࡃࠊ࠾ࡶ➽⫗ࡸ⾑ᾮ࡞ࡿ㣗ရࠊ➨2 ⩌㸸࢝ࣝࢩ࢘ ࣒ࡀከࡃࠊ㦵ࡸṑࢆࡘࡃࡿ㣗ရࠊ➨3 ⩌㸸Ⰽࡢ⃰࠸㔝⳯ ࡛ࠊࣅࢱ࣑ࣥࠊ࣑ࢿࣛࣝࡀከ࠸㣗ရࠊ➨4 ⩌㸸Ⰽࡢ࠺ࡍ ࠸㔝⳯ࡸᯝ≀࡛ࠊࣅࢱ࣑ࣥࠊ࣑ࢿࣛࣝࡀከ࠸㣗ရࠊ➨5 ⩌㸸✐㢮ࡸࣔ㢮࡛ࠊ⢾㉁ࡀከ࠸㣗ရࠊ➨6 ⩌㸸Ἔ⬡〇 ရ࡛ࠊ⬡㉁ࡀከ࠸㣗ရ㸧ࢆཧ⪃సᡂࡋࡓࠋ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏ 㣗ရ⩌ࡼࡿ㣗⩦័ࡢᤊ࠼᪉ࡣࠊᰤ㣴ㄪᰝ⚊ࡢጇᙜᛶࡢ ᳨ウ㸦ཎ⏣ࡽ㸪2006㸧ࠊ㣗ရ⩌ูᦤྲྀ㔞ࡢィ⟬㸦ⱉ⡿ ⸨㸪2010㸧ࠊ㣗㛵ࡍࡿᣦᑟࡢᐇྥࡅࡓㄪᰝ㸦⟄ 㸪2011㸧➼ࡢ◊✲࠾࠸࡚᥇⏝ࡉࢀࠊ㣗ᗣ㛵 ࡍࡿ᳨ウ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊᡂே2,699 ேࢆゎ ᯒᑐ㇟ࡋࡓఀᮾ㉥ᯇ㸦2015㸧ࡢ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊ6 ࡘ ࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌ࡣࠊࠕᰤ㣴ࣂࣛࣥࢫࡘ࠸࡚ศࡾࡸࡍࡃ ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊㄆ▱ᗘࡶ㧗࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᗣⓗ ࡞㣗ࡢᐇ㊶⧅ࡆࡸࡍ࠸ᩍᮦ࡛࠶ࡿࠖࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࡽᮏ㡯┠࡚ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡣෆᐜⓗጇᙜᛶࢆഛ࠼ࡿุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋࠕ୍ ᪥୕ᅇࡢ㣗࡛ࢺ࣮ࢱࣝࡋ࡚ぢ࡚ࠊ㣗ရ⩌ࡽࡲࢇࢇ ࡞ࡃᦤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠊᰤ㣴⣲ࡶࡲࢇࢇ࡞ࡃᦤࡾࡸࡍࡃ࡞ ࡿࠖ㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪2008㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇࡽࠊ1 ᪥ࡢ㣗 య࠾࠸࡚ྛ㣗ရ⩌ࡀࡢ⛬ᗘᦤྲྀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ ࢆࠕ↛࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲ ࡿࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧ࡢ 5 ௳ἲ࡛ᑜࡡࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ➨ 1 ⩌ࡽ➨ 6 ⩌ࡢྜィᚓⅬࢆᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀࡢ⥲ྜᚓⅬ㸦௨ୗࠊᰤ㣴ᦤ ྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ㸧ࡋࡓ㸦ᚓⅬ⠊ᅖࡣࠊ6 Ⅼ㹼30 Ⅼ㸧ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ ᮏᑻᗘࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲㸦➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧ඛ⾜◊✲࣭ሗ࿌ ᭩ࡣࠊ㢮ఝⅬࡀᩓぢࡉࢀࡿࠋᒃఫᙧែูࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤ ྲྀ≧ἣ㸦㊊❧㸪1990; ᑠ㔝ࡽ㸪2003; ➟ᕳ㸪2015; ୕Ꮿ ࡽ㸪2016㸧ࠊ㔝⳯ࡢᦤྲྀ㔞ࡀஈࡋ࠸ᐇែࡽᨵၿࡀᚲせ ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ㸦ᗣ᪥ᮏ21 ⏬᳨ウ㸪ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ィ ⏬⟇ᐃ᳨ウ㸪2000; ཌ⏕⛉Ꮫᑂ㆟ᆅᇦಖᗣቑ㐍 ᰤ㣴㒊, ḟᮇᅜẸᗣ࡙ࡃࡾ㐠ືࣉࣛࣥ⟇ᐃᑓ㛛ጤ ဨ, 2012㸧ࠊ㸦20 ṓ௦ࢆ୰ᚰ㸧㔝࣭⳯ᯝ≀ࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࢘ ࣒ࡢᦤྲྀ㊊ࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࡽ㸪2016㸧ࡇ ࡶ㢮ఝⅬ࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ඛ⾜◊✲࣭ሗ࿌᭩ᴫ ࡡྠᵝࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ➼ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣࡢഴྥࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᑻᗘࡋ࡚ά⏝ྍ ⬟ุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋ ᅜẸᗣ࣭ᰤ㣴ㄪᰝ㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪2018㸧ࡢㄪᰝ㡯 ┠࡛࠶ࡿእ㣗ࠊḞ㣗ࠊㄪ⌮῭ࡳ㣗ࠊ㛫㣗➼ࡢ㣗⾜ືࢆ㡯 ┠సᡂࡢཧ⪃ࡋࡓࠋእ㣗ࠊḞ㣗ࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရࡣࠊ ᗣ᪥ᮏ21㸦ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ⏬᳨ウ㸪ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ィ ⏬⟇ᐃ᳨ウ㸪2000㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕ㣗ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ ࠸࠺⮬ᕫホ౯ࡢ᭷ព࡞㛵㐃ࢆㄆࡵࡓኚᩘࡋ࡚♧ ࡉࢀࡓ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊḞ㣗ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ≉ᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀࡢ㛵㐃ࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦ᗣ᪥ᮏ21 ⏬᳨
ウ㸪ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ィ⏬⟇ᐃ᳨ウ㸪2000㸧ࠊᗣ᪥ᮏ 21㸦➨ḟ㸧㸦ཌ⏕⛉Ꮫᑂ㆟ᆅᇦಖᗣቑ㐍ᰤ㣴㒊 , ḟᮇᅜẸᗣ࡙ࡃࡾ㐠ືࣉࣛࣥ⟇ᐃᑓ㛛ጤဨ㸪 2012㸧࠾ࡅࡿᣦᶆࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿᮅ㣗ࡢḞ㣗ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ ࡓࠋእ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࠊ㛫㣗ࡢྛ㡯┠ࡣࠊࠕ↛࠶࡚ ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧ࡢ 5 ௳ἲࡼࡾᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋእ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࠊ㛫㣗 ࡢ㢖ᗘࡀప࠸⛬ࠊ㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓࠋ㛫㣗 ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ༗๓୰ࡢ㛫㣗ࠊ༗ᚋ㸦㣗ࡽኤ㣗ࡢ㛫㸧ࡢ 㛫㣗ࠊኪ㸦ኤ㣗ᚋ㸧ࡢ㛫㣗ࡢ3 㡯┠ࡢྜィᚓⅬࢆࠕ㛫㣗 㸦༗๓࣭༗ᚋ࣭ኪ㸧ᚓⅬࠖࡋࡓ㸦ᚓⅬ⠊ᅖࡣࠊ3 Ⅼ㹼 15 Ⅼ㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡣࠊ 1 㐌㛫࠾ࡅࡿᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘࢆ 5 ௳ἲ࡛ᑜࡡࠊᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘࡀప ࠸⛬ࠊ㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓ㸦ᚓⅬ⠊ᅖࡣࠊ1 Ⅼ 㹼5 Ⅼ㸧ࠋ㟷ᑡᖺࡢ㣗⾜ື㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊୗᐟࡢዪᏊᏛ⏕ ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㣗⏕άࡀᏛ⏕⮬㌟ࡢႴዲࡼࡗ࡚Ⴀࡲࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ụ⏣ࡽ㸪1983㸧ࠊ୰㣗ရ࣭ እ㣗࣓ࢽ࣮ࣗࢆ㉎ධࡍࡿሙྜዲࡁ᎘࠸ࡀᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿ㸦ఀᾏࡽ㸪1999㸧ࡇࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᐩ⏣ୖ㔛 㸦1998㸧ࡣࠊ㣗≀㑅ᢥ㣗≀ࡢႴዲࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ ಶேࡢ㣗⾜ືࢆつᐃࡍࡿせᅉࡋ࡚㣗≀Ⴔዲࡢㄝ᫂ຊ ࡣࡢ⛬ᗘ࡞ࡢࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡇࡢᚲせᛶࡘ࠸ ࡚㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㣗≀Ⴔዲࢆ㡯 ┠ຍ࠼ࡓࠋ㣗≀Ⴔዲࡣࠊࠕᥭࡆ≀ࠊ⅗ࡵ≀ࠖࠊࠕ⫗ᩱ⌮ࠖࠊ ࠕࢫࢼࢵࢡ㢮ࠖࠊࠕ⏑࠸࠾ⳫᏊࠖࡢ4 㡯┠ࡘ࠸࡚Ⴔዲᛶ ࢆᑜࡡࡓࠋྛ㣗ရࡀࠕዲࡁ࡞࠺ࡔࠖᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ↛ ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧 ࡢ5 ௳ἲࡼࡾᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࠊྛ㣗ရࡢႴዲᛶࡀప࠸⛬ࠊ 㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓࠋᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤㛵ࡍࡿ㡯 ┠ࡣࠊ㧗ᰯ⏕࣭Ꮫ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓඛ⾜◊✲㸦➟ᕳ㸪2013㸧 ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᅉᏊศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࡽᢳฟࡉࢀࡓせ 4 㡯┠ 㸦㣗ḧࡀ࡞࠸ࠊ㛫ࡀ࡞࠸ࠊ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽࠊ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜 ࠸㸧ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ࡢྛ㡯┠ࡣࠊࠕ↛࠶ ࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧 ࡢ5 ௳ἲࡼࡾᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㢖ᗘࡀప࠸⛬ࠊ㧗 ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓࠋᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣࡢ㛵㐃 ࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㣗⾜ື㸦እ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࠊࣥࢫ ࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࠊ㛫㣗ᦤྲྀ㸧ࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ࠊ㣗≀Ⴔዲ ࡢᑻᗘࡣࠊணഛㄪᰝࡢᐇࢆ⤒࡚ࠊࢸࢫࢺ⮬యࡢࡶࡘせ ᅉ㸦㉁ၥෆᐜࡢ⾲⌧ἲࠊㄒᙡࡢ㑅ᢥࠊࢸࢫࢺ㡯┠ࡢᅔ㞴 ᗘࠊᅇ⟅ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ⣔⤫ᛶ➼㸧ཬࡧ⿕㦂⪅ࡢせᅉ㸦ࢸࢫ ࢺᑐࡍࡿⓎࠊᏳ㸧ࡢྛほⅬࡽጇᙜᛶࢆ᳨ウࡋస ᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦➟ᕳ㸪2013; ➟ᕳ㸪2015㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊ Ꮫ⏕➼ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓඛ⾜◊✲㸦➟ᕳ, 2013㸪➟ᕳ, 2015㸧 ࠾࠸࡚⏝ࡉࢀࠊྠᵝᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ 㸦➟ᕳࡽ, 2018㸧ࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕࠾࠸࡚ᮅ㣗ࠊ㣗ࠊኤ㣗ࡶㄪ ⌮㢖ᗘࡀప࠸⪅Ḟ㣗⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡇࡸㄪ⌮㢖ᗘࡀప ࠸⪅ࡣㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ࡀప࠸ࡇࡶᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸦㔝ࡽ㸪 2012㸧ࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ⪃࠼ ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊㄪ⌮ჾල࣭㣗ᮦࡀ㣗⏕ά‶㊊ᗘ㛵ಀࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦㊊❧㸪1990㸧ࡇࡶሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ ࡣࠊㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ཬࡧㄪ⌮ჾලࡢഛ࠼ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ ࡀᑠᏛᰯ㧗Ꮫᖺᙜ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿᐙ ᗞ⛉ࡢᩍ⛉᭩㸦Ḉࡽ㸪2004; ᕝࡽ㸪2005㸧ࡢෆᐜࢆ ཧ⪃11 㡯┠㸦ࠕࣈࣟࢵࢥ࣮ࣜࠊ࢟ࣕ࣋ࢶࠊ࣑ࢽࢺ࣐ࢺ ࡢ㔝⳯ࢧࣛࢲࠖࠕ࣏ࢸࢺࢧࣛࢲࠖࠕ㔝⳯ࡢ↻≀ࠖࠕ⅕㣤ࠖ ࠕჯỒࠖࠕ↻ᖸࡋࡸࡅࡎࡾࡪࡋ࡛ࠊࡔࡋࢆࡿࠖࠕໟ ࢆࡗ࡚ࡾࢇࡈࡢ⓶ࢆࡴࡃࠖࠕࢇࡌࢇࠊࣆ࣮࣐ࣥࠊ࢟ ࣕ࣋ࢶࡢ୕Ⰽ㔝⳯࠸ࡓࡵࠖࠕ࠸ࡾࡓࡲࡈࠖࠕࡺ࡛ࡓࡲࡈࠖ ࠕ㟷⳯㸦࠺ࢀࢇࡑ࠺㸧ࡢ࠾ࡦࡓࡋࠖ㸧ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊ⌧ ᅾㄪ⌮࡛ࡁࡿ࠺ࢆ5 ௳ἲࡼࡾᑜࡡ㸦ࠕ↛࠶࡚ ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㸧ࠊ ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡀ㧗࠸⛬ࠊ㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼ ࡋࡓࠋ11 㡯┠ࡢྜィࢆㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ᚓⅬࡋࡓ㸦ᚓⅬ⠊ᅖ ࡣࠊ11 Ⅼ㹼55 Ⅼ㸧ࠋㄪ⌮ჾලࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊୖグࡢᐙᗞ⛉ ࡢᩍ⛉᭩㸦Ḉࡽ㸪2004; ᕝࡽ㸪2005㸧ࢆཧ⪃ලయ ⓗ࡞ㄪ⌮ჾලࢆᣲࡆࠊჾලࡀᥞࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺5 ௳ἲ ࡼࡾᑜࡡ㸦ࠕ↛࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㸧ࠊㄪ⌮ჾලࡀᥞࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㧗ᚓ Ⅼࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㣗⾜ື㛵ࡍࡿ⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪᰤ 㣴ᦤྲྀࡢ㛵㐃ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪࡿࡓࡵࠊProchaska et al. 㸦1983, 1992, 1994㸧ࡼࡗ࡚ᥦၐ᳨࣭ドࡉࢀࡓࢺࣛࣥࢫ ࢭ࢜ࣞࢸ࣭࢝ࣝࣔࢹࣝ࠾ࡅࡿࢥࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢺࡢ୍ࡘ ࡛࠶ࡿ⾜ືኚᐜࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ⌮ㄽࢆཧ⪃ࠊ㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫ ࢸ࣮ࢪࡢ㡯┠ࢆタࡅࡓࠋ㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ ࠕ㣗⩦័ࢆ6 ᭶௨ෆᨵၿࡍࡿពᚿࡀ࡞࠸ ࠖ㸦1 Ⅼ㸧ࠊ ࠕ㣗⩦័ࢆ6 ᭶௨ෆᨵၿࡍࡿពᚿࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡍࡄ ᨵၿࡍࡿணᐃࡀ࡞࠸ࠖ㸦2 Ⅼ㸧ࠊࠕ㣗⩦័ࡢᨵၿ㛵ᚰࡀ ࠶ࡾࠊᨵၿࡍࡿ‽ഛࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡍ࡛࠸ࡃࡘࡢ㣗⩦ ័ࢆᨵၿࡋࡓ㸦ᗣⓗ࡞㣗⩦័ᨵࡵࡓ㸧ࠖ㸦3 Ⅼ㸧ࠊࠕ ᗣⓗ࡞㣗⩦័ᨵၿࡋ࡚ࡽ6 ᭶ᮍ‶࡛࠶ࡿࠖ㸦4 Ⅼ㸧ࠊ ࠕᗣⓗ࡞㣗⩦័ᨵၿࡋ࡚ࡽ 6 ᭶௨ୖ⤒㐣ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧ࡢ 5 ௳ἲ࡛ᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡓࠋ⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ ࣮ࢪࡀ㧗࠸㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺㓄Ⅼࡋࡓࠋ㣗⾜ືኚ ᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ㛵ࡍࡿᑻᗘࡣࠊධ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼⌮ ㄽⓗ࡞᳨ドࡀ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᑻᗘ㸦Prochaska et al., 1992; Prochaska et al., 2002㸧ࢆཧ⪃ⴭ⪅ࡀసᡂࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ ᑑཬࡰࡍ㣗⩦័ࡢᙳ㡪㛵ࡍࡿព㆑ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ ⦪᩿ⓗ◊✲㸦Breslow and Enstrom, 1980; Khaw et al.,
2008㸧࠾࠸࡚Ṛஸ⋡ࡢ㛵㐃ࡀᣦࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㡯┠ࢆ ཧ⪃ࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᮅ㣗ᦤྲྀཬࡧ㛫㣗㸦Breslow and Enstrom, 1980㸧ࠊ㔝࣭⳯ᯝ≀㸦Khaw et al., 2008㸧ࡢ 3 㡯 ┠ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋᮅ㣗ᦤྲྀࡢ⥅⥆ࠊ㛫㣗ࢆࡋ࡞࠸⏕άࡢ ⥅⥆ࠊ༑ศ࡞㔝࣭⳯ᯝ≀ࡢᦤྲྀࡢ⥅⥆ࡼࡗ࡚ᑑࡀᘏ ࡧࡿᛮ࠺࠺ࢆ 5 ௳ἲ㸦ࠕ↛࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ 㸦1 Ⅼ㸧㹼ࠕ㠀ᖖ࠶࡚ࡣࡲࡿࠖ㸦5 Ⅼ㸧㸧࡛ᑜࡡࠊ3 㡯 ┠ࡢྜィࢆᑑཬࡰࡍ㣗⩦័ࡢᙳ㡪ࡢព㆑ᚓⅬ ࡋࡓ㸦ᚓⅬ⠊ᅖࡣࠊ3 Ⅼ㹼15 Ⅼ㸧ࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊㄪᰝ㡯┠ࡢከࡃ 5 ௳ἲ ࡼࡿࣜࢵ࣮࢝ࢺ࣭ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕ୍⯡ⓗ ࡣࠊ3 ẁ㝵ࡽ 9 ẁ㝵ࡢホᐃ࡛ᅇ⟅ࢆồࡵࡿࡇࡀከ࠸ ࡀࠊ5 ẁ㝵࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 7 ẁ㝵ࡀ⏝ࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊ5 ẁ㝵ࡀࡶ ࡗࡶࡼࡃ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋẁ㝵ࡀᑡ࡞ࡍࡂࡿࡲ ࡞ᅇ⟅ࡋᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉ẁ㝵ࡀ⣽ࡃศࢀࡿࠊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢẁ㝵㛫ࡢᚤጁ࡞㐪࠸ࢆⓗ☜⾲⌧ࡋᅇ⟅⪅ ఏ࠼ࡿࡢࡀࡴࡎࡋࡃ࡞ࡿࠖ㸦㕥ᮌ㸪2016㸧ࠋࡇࡢࡇ ࡽࠊ5 ௳ἲࡼࡿࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓᅇ⟅ࢆᚓⅬ ࡋࠊ⛬ᗘࡸ㢖ᗘࡢᢕᥱホᐃ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ 㸲㸬⤫ィゎᯒ ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ 1 Ꮫᖺᅾ⡠ࡍࡿᏛ⏕࡛ࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪ ᰝ㸦1 Ꮫᖺ┠㸧ཬࡧ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ㸦2 Ꮫᖺ┠㸧ཧຍࡋࡓ Ꮫ⏕ࡢࡳࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࠋᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡧ㣗⾜ື ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ⦪᩿ㄪᰝࡢࢹ࣮ ࢱࢆά⏝ࡋࡓࠋ ᚓⅬࡋࡓᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡧ㣗⾜ືࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ⌮⏤㛵ࡍࡿྛኚᩘࡘ࠸࡚ࠊWilcoxon ࡢ➢ྕ㡰 ᳨ᐃࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᚓⅬࢆẚ ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊMann-Whitney 8 test ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᒃఫᙧែ ูࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡧ㣗⾜ືࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤㛵ࡍ ࡿᚓⅬࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡶࠊᒃఫᙧែࡢኚࡢ᭷↓ู࡛ ᚓⅬࢆẚ㍑㸦➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㠀୍ ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡔࡗࡓ ࡀ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡢᚓⅬࢆ ẚ㍑㸧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ᳨ᐃඛ❧ࡕࠊྛኚᩘࡘ࠸࡚ Kolmogorov-Smirnov ࡢṇつᛶࡢ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ㣗⾜ືࡢ㛵㐃ࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ Spearman ࡢ㡰┦㛵ಀᩘ᳨ᐃࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ ᚓⅬ㣗⾜ື㛵㐃せᅉࡢᚓⅬࡘ࠸࡚┦㛵ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝ 2 Ꮫᖺ┠┦ᙜࡍࡿㄪᰝᑐ㇟ ⪅ࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡧ㣗⾜ືࡣࠊᏛ▷ᮇᏛ➼ࠊ ྛᰯ✀㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡣぢࡽࢀࡎࠊゎᯒ⤖ᯝᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡉ ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡽࠊྛᰯ✀ࢆࡲࡵ࡚ゎᯒࡋࡓࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ1 ᖺ㛫ࡢほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᇶࠊඹศᩓᵓ㐀 ศᯒࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࢆศᯒ ࡋࡓࠋᵓ㐀᪉⛬ᘧࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ㸦SEM; Structural Equation Modeling㸧ࡼࡾࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡰࡍᒃఫᙧែࠊ 㣗⾜ືࡢᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࣔࢹࣝࡢホ౯ࡣࠊ GFI㸦Goodness of Fit Index㸧ࠊAGFI㸦Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index㸧ࠊCFI㸦Comparative Fit Index㸧ࠊRMSEA㸦Root Mean Square Error of Approximation㸧ࡢ㐺ྜᗘᣦᶆࢆ⏝࠸ ࡓࠋྛ㐺ྜᗘᣦᶆࡣࠊ㇏⏣㸦1998㸧ࠊᑠሷ㸦2005㸧ࢆཧ ᅗ1 ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝ࡋࡓᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࡢᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝ㸦e1㹼e5ࡣㄗᕪ㸧 እ㣗ᦤྲྀ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ ᒃఫᙧែ 㣗⾜ື c d e a b e1 e2 e3 e4 e5
⪃ࠊGFI ࡢ್ࡀ 0.90 ௨ୖ࡛࠶ࡿࡶࠊAGFIࠊCFI ࡢ್ࡀ1.00 ㏆࠸್࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ┠Ᏻࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ AGFIࠊCFI ࡣࠊ0.90 ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 0.95 ࡼࡾࡁ࠸ሙྜࡀ࠶ ࡚ࡣࡲࡾࡢࡼ࠸ࣔࢹุ᩿ࣝࡉࢀࡿ㸦ᑠᓥ㸪2005㸧ࡇ ࡽࠊ0.90 ࢆ┠ᏳࡋࡓࠋRMSEA ࡣࠊᒣᮏᑠ㔝ᑎ 㸦2000㸧ࢆཧ⪃ࠊ㐺ྜᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࡉࢀࡿ 0.08 ௨ୗࢆ ┠Ᏻࡋ࡚ࠊ0.10 ௨ୖࡢሙྜࡣࣔࢹࣝࡢ᥇ᢥࢆぢྜࢃࡏ ࡿࡇࡋࡓࠋࣔࢹࣝࡢホ౯࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐊᶫ㸦2003㸧 ࢆཧ⪃ࠊ⥲యⓗࣔࢹࣝࡢࡼࡉࢆุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋඛ⾜◊✲ 㸦➟ᕳࡽ㸪2018㸧ࠊWilcoxon ࡢ➢ྕ㡰᳨ᐃࠊSpearman ࡢ㡰┦㛵ಀᩘ᳨ᐃࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ ࡢ㛵㐃ࡀ┦ᑐⓗᙉ࠸ഴྥ࠶ࡿᒃఫᙧែཬࡧ㣗⾜ ື㛵㐃ࡍࡿせᅉࢆ㑅ฟࡋࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍ ࡿせᅉࡢᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࠋᮏ◊✲ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊእ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ᚓⅬࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ 㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬࡢྛほ ኚᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠕ㣗⾜ືࠖࡢ₯ᅾኚ ᩘࢆ௬ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡋࡓ㸦c, d, e㸧ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᒃ ఫᙧែ㸦୍ேᬽࡽࡋࠊ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ㸧ࡀ㣗⾜ື࠼ࡿ ᙳ㡪㸦a㸧ཬࡧࠊ㣗⾜ືࡀᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ࠼ࡿᙳ 㡪㸦b㸧ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᒃఫᙧែࡀᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ ≧ἣ࠼ࡿ㛫᥋ຠᯝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋୖグࡢࣔࢹࣝᚑࡗ ࡚ࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ྛ᳨ᐃࡢ᭷ពỈ‽ࡣ5㸣ࡋࡓࠋ⤫ィゎᯒࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘
ࡣࠊIBM SPSS Statistics Version 23.0 ཬࡧ IBM SPSS Amos Version 23.0㸦᪥ᮏ࣭ࣅ࣮࣭࢚࣒ᰴᘧ♫㸧ࢆ ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞ຠᯝࡢࡁࡉࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ ຠᯝ㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋຠᯝ㔞ࡢุᐃࡣࠊCohen㸦1992㸧 ࡢㄽᩥࢆཧ↷ࡋࡓࠋ Ϫ ⤖ᯝ 㸯㸬ᑐ㇟⪅ࡢᖺ㱋ࠊᒃఫᙧែࠊయ᱁ ᖹᆒᖺ㱋ࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ 18.3 ṓࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ 19.5 ṓ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲1㸧ࠋ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᒃఫᙧែࡣࠊ୍ே ᬽࡽࡋ31 ேࠊ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 104 ே㸦୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢྜ ࡣ23.0㸣㸧ࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᒃఫᙧែࡣࠊ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 45 ேࠊ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ90 ே㸦୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢྜࡣ 33.3㸣㸧 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲1㸧ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ29 ேࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ 88 ேࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ16 ேࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛➨ 2 ᅇㄪ ᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕ࡣ2 ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ BMI ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ 21.3㸦᭱ᑠ್㸸17.5ࠊ ್᭱㸸37.2㸧ࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣ 21.4㸦᭱ᑠ್㸸 16.9ࠊ್᭱㸸37.2㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦⾲ 1㸧ࠋ 㸰㸬➨ᅇㄪᰝ➨ᅇㄪᰝࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ ⾲2 ࡣ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓ Ⅼࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣࠊࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤 Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦S= 0.025, U = í0.25㸧ࠋࣅࢱ࣑࣭ࣥ ࣑ࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝẚ ࡚➨2 ᅇㄪᰝࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ1 Ꮫᖺࡽ 2 Ꮫᖺ ࡅ࡚ᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘࡢపୗഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤ ྲྀᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ ᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᒃఫᙧែูᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࢆぢࡿࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ ࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ 6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌ࡢ㡯┠ ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࠊ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡣ୍ேᬽࡽࡋẚ࡚ 㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋᚓⅬྛ㡯┠ࡢ᭷ព☜⋡ຠᯝ㔞ࢆ௨ୗ グࡍࠋ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ㸸ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ S= 0.038; U = í0.18ࠊ ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀS< 0.001; U = í0.35ࠊࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳ 㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀS= 0.024; U = í0.19ࠊࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛ ࣝ㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀS= 0.008; U = í0.23ࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀS= 0.002; U = í0.26ࠊἜ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ S< 0.001; U = í0.31ࠊᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜ S< 0.001; U = í0.33ࠋ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ㸸 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀS= 0.018; U = í0.20ࠊ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ S 0.009; U = í0.23ࠊࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ S= 0.023; U = í0.20ࠊࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧 ᦤྲྀS= 0.004; U = í0.25ࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ S= 0.015; U = í0.21ࠊἜ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ S= 0.004; U = í0.25ࠊᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜ S< 0.001; U = í0.32ࠋ 㸱㸬➨ᅇㄪᰝ➨ᅇㄪᰝࡢ㣗⾜ືᚓⅬ ⾲3 ࡣ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ㣗⾜ືᚓⅬࢆẚ ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ᭷ព ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦S= 0.001, U = í0.44㸧ࠋᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ᚓⅬࡣࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝẚ࡚➨ 2 ᅇ ㄪᰝࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ1 Ꮫᖺࡽ 2 Ꮫᖺࡅ࡚ᮅ㣗Ḟ 㣗㢖ᗘࡢቑຍഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢࡢ㣗⾜ື㛵ࡍࡿᚓ Ⅼࡣࠊ᭷ពᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ᒃఫᙧែู㣗⾜ືᚓⅬࢆぢࡿࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣࠊࠕᮅ㣗Ḟ 㣗ࠖࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪S= 0.046, U = í0.17;S< 0.001, U = í0.34 㸧ࠋࡑࡢࠊࠕ㛫㣗㸦༗๓㸧ࠖ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ➨ 1 ᅇ ㄪᰝ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦S= 0.020, U = í0.20㸧ࠋ ࠕᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࠖࡣࠊ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡼࡾࡶ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ᪉ ࡀ㧗ᚓⅬࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࡢࠕ㛫㣗㸦༗๓㸧ࠖ ࡣࠊ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ᪉ࡀపᚓⅬ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 㸲㸬ᒃఫᙧែࡢኚࡼࡿᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬཬࡧ㣗⾜ ືᚓⅬ ⾲4 ࡣ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ 2 Ⅼ㛫࠸ࡎ
ࢀࡶ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕㸦㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆⩌௬ᐃ㸧 ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ୍ே ᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕㸦୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦⩌௬ᐃ㸧ࡢᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ㣗⾜ືᚓⅬࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᰤ㣴 ⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᭷ពᕪࡢぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣࠊࣅ ࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀS= 0.020; U = í0.23ࠊ ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀS= 0.016; U = í0.24ࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ S= 0.005; U = í0.27ࠊἜ⬡㢮 ᦤྲྀS = 0.020; U = í0.23ࠊᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜ S = 0.005; U = í0.27 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ㣗⾜ືᦤྲྀᚓⅬ࠾࠸࡚᭷ពᕪ ࡢぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡣᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗S= 0.003; U = í0.29 ࡢࡳ࡛ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᭷ពᕪࡢぢࡽࢀࡓ㡯┠ࡢᚓⅬࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㠀 ⾲1ࠉᑐ㇟⪅ࡢᖺ㱋ࠊBMIࠊᒃఫᙧែ ᭱ᑠ್ ್᭱ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᭱ᑠ್ ್᭱ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 18.0 21.0 18.3 0.6 17.5 37.2 21.3 2.6 31 (23.0) 104 (77.0) ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 19.0 22.0 19.5 0.5 16.9 37.2 21.4 2.5 45 (33.3) 90 (66.7) 1 = 135 ᖺ㱋 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ᒃఫᙧែ㸦ே㸦㸣㸧㸧 BMI㸦kg/m2㸧 ⾲2ࠉᒃఫᙧែࡼࡿ2Ⅼ㛫ࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡢ⤫ィゎᯒ⤖ᯝ S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 0.9 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.8 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.6 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.3 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.6 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.1 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.4 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.8 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 15.0 20.0 25.0 19.9 6.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 22.3 25.0 28.8 24.5 4.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 18.0 21.0 24.5 20.8 4.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 21.0 24.0 26.3 23.9 3.8 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q =31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ 0.107 -0.22 0.038 -0.18 0.018 -0.20 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 <0.001 -0.35 ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ 0.928 -0.01 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.6 1.0 0.8 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.1 1.2 ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ 0.025 -0.25 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 0.009 -0.23 0.024 -0.19 0.023 -0.20 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.2 0.8 3.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 3.5 ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ 0.093 -0.18 ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ 0.087 -0.19 1.2 1.2 3.0 2.0 0.008 -0.23 0.004 -0.25 0.002 -0.26 0.015 -0.21 1.2 3.3 5.5 Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ 0.102 -0.19 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.088 -0.15 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 1.1 1.1 <0.001 -0.31 0.004 -0.25 <0.001 -0.33 <0.001 -0.32 4.3 20.0 20.0 24.0 23.0 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 1.2 3.0 22.9 23.5 26.0 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 28.0 3.8 3.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 3.6 1.1 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.3 න ଲেं೧ྺɾ%0,ɾڋेܙସ ᭱ᑠ್ ್᭱ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᭱ᑠ್ ್᭱ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 18.0 21.0 18.3 0.6 17.5 37.2 21.3 2.6 31 (23.0) 104 (77.0) ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 19.0 22.0 19.5 0.5 16.9 37.2 21.4 2.5 45 (33.3) 90 (66.7) 1 = 135 ᖺ㱋 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ᒃఫᙧែ㸦ே㸦㸣㸧㸧 BMI㸦kg/m2㸧 S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 0.9 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.8 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.6 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.3 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.6 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.1 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.4 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.8 4.0 5.0 3.9 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 15.0 20.0 25.0 19.9 6.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 22.3 25.0 28.8 24.5 4.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 18.0 21.0 24.5 20.8 4.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 21.0 24.0 26.3 23.9 3.8 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
1.1 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.3 28.0 3.8 3.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 3.6 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 1.2 3.0 22.9 23.5 26.0 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 5.5 Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ 0.102 -0.19 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.088 -0.15 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 1.1 1.1 < 0.001 -0.31 0.004 -0.25 < 0.001 -0.33 < 0.001 -0.32 4.3 20.0 20.0 24.0 23.0 ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ 0.093 -0.18 ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ 0.087 -0.19 1.2 1.2 3.0 2.0 0.008 -0.23 0.004 -0.25 0.002 -0.26 0.015 -0.21 1.2 3.3 ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ 0.025 -0.25 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 0.009 -0.23 0.024 -0.19 0.023 -0.20 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.2 0.8 3.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 3.5 < 0.001 -0.35 ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ 0.928 -0.01 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.6 1.0 0.8 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.1 1.2 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ 0.107 -0.22 0.038 -0.18 0.018 -0.20 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 4.0 4.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.4
୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆⩌ࡢ᪉ࡀ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦⩌ࡼࡾࡶ㧗 ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ 㸳㸬➨ᅇㄪᰝ➨ᅇㄪᰝࡢᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ᚓⅬ ⾲5 ࡣ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ ᚓⅬࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ࡢ4 㡯┠ࡍ ࡚㸦ࠕ㣗ḧࡀ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕ㛫ࡀ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽࠖࠊ ࠕ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜࠸ࠖ㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇ ㄪᰝ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪S< 0.001, U = í0.57; S= 0.001, U = í0.46; S= 0.005, U = í0.43; S= 0.003, U = í0.39㸧ࠋ࠸ࡎࢀࡢ㡯┠ࡶ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝẚ࡚➨ 2 ᅇ ㄪᰝࡀప್ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ1 Ꮫᖺࡽ 2 Ꮫᖺࡅ࡚ࠊࡇ ࢀࡽࡢ⌮⏤ࡼࡿᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㢖ᗘࡢቑຍഴྥࢆㄆࡵࡓࠋ ᒃఫᙧែูᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࢆぢࡿࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪ ᰝࡣࠊࠕ㛫ࡀ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽࠖࠊࠕ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜 ࠸ࠖࡢ3 㡯┠࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪S= 0.031, U = í0.19; S= 0.002, U = í0.27; S= 0.016, U = í0.21㸧ࠋ ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝࡣࠊ4 㡯┠ࡍ࡚㸦ࠕ㣗ḧࡀ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕ㛫 ࡀ࡞࠸ࠖࠊࠕ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽࠖࠊࠕ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜࠸ࠖ㸧࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪S= 0.007, U = í0.23; S< 0.001, U = í0.32; S< 0.001, U = í0.40; S= 0.001, U = í0.29㸧ࠋ᭷ព ᕪࡢぢࡽࢀࡓྛ㡯┠ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡼࡾࡶ㠀 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ᪉ࡀ㧗࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ 㸴㸬ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࡢศᯒ 㸯 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ㣗㛵㐃せᅉࡢ┦㛵㛵ಀ ⾲6 ࡣࠊᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ㣗⾜ືࠊ㣗Ⴔዲࠊㄪ⌮ 㛵㐃せᅉࠊ㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪࠊᗣព㆑㛵ࡍࡿኚ ᩘ㛫ࡢ㡰┦㛵ಀᩘࢆ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝู ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ ⥲ྜᚓⅬ᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㡯┠ࡣࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ 㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬࠊ⫗ᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬࠊㄪ⌮ჾලࡢᡤ᭷ᚓ ⾲3ࠉᒃఫᙧែࡼࡿ2Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㣗⾜ືᚓⅬࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡢ⤫ィゎᯒ⤖ᯝ S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.5 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.5 4.0 3.2 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.2 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.5 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.8 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.7 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.4 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.5 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 9.0 11.0 14.0 11.1 3.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 7.3 10.0 12.0 9.9 3.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 8.5 10.0 13.0 10.4 3.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 7.0 9.0 12.0 9.5 2.8 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q =31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
<0.001 -0.34 0.555 ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 እ㣗ᦤྲྀ 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.1 1.3 -0.06 0.970 0.00 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ 1.2 0.711 0.141 -0.15 1.3 0.001 -0.44 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.9 1.5 0.046 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 -0.17 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.6 0.7 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 0.020 -0.20 㛫㣗㸦༗ᚋ㸧 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.7 㛫㣗㸦༗๓㸧 㛫㣗ྜィᚓⅬ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.4 㛫㣗㸦ኪ㸧 -0.05 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.7 1.2 1.2 0.116 -0.18 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.8 1.2 0.147 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 0.094 -0.14 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.3 3.1 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 8.0 10.0 12.0 9.8 3.0 0.063 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 8.0 10.0 12.0 10.1 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 0.296 0.686 -0.09 -0.03 -0.16 -0.12 0.151 -0.12 0.252 -0.10 0.137 -0.13 0.307 -0.09 1.3 0.263 -0.13 0.182 -0.13 -0.10 0.476 S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.5 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.5 4.0 3.2 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.2 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.5 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.8 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.7 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.6 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.4 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.5 1.3 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 9.0 11.0 14.0 11.1 3.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 7.3 10.0 12.0 9.9 3.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 8.5 10.0 13.0 10.4 3.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 7.0 9.0 12.0 9.5 2.8 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
0.555 ᶆ‽೫ᕪ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 እ㣗ᦤྲྀ 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.1 1.3 -0.06 0.970 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ 1.2 0.711 0.141 -0.15 1.3 0.001 -0.44 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.9 1.5 0.046 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 -0.17 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 < 0.001 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.6 0.7 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.0 0.020 -0.20 㛫㣗㸦༗ᚋ㸧 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.7 㛫㣗㸦༗๓㸧 㛫㣗ྜィᚓⅬ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 4.0 5.0 3.4 㛫㣗㸦ኪ㸧 -0.05 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.7 1.2 1.2 0.116 -0.18 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.8 1.2 0.147 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 0.094 -0.14 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.3 1.3 3.1 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 8.0 10.0 12.0 9.8 3.0 0.063 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 8.0 10.0 12.0 10.1 1.3 0.263 -0.13 0.182 -0.13 -0.10 0.476 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 0.296 0.686 -0.09 -0.03 -0.16 -0.12 0.151 -0.12 0.252 -0.10 0.137 -0.13 0.307 -0.09 0.00 -0.34
Ⅼࡢ3 㡯┠࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪UV = 0.18, UV = í0.20, UV = 0.17㸧ࠋ ୍᪉ࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࡣእ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ 㣗ᚓⅬࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬࠊἜᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓ Ⅼࠊ⫗ᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬࡢ5 㡯┠ࡀᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ ᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪UV = 0.20, UV = 0.27, UV = 0.20, UV = í0.22, UV = í0.22㸧ࠋ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ ࠾࠸࡚᭷ពᕪࡢぢࡽࢀࡓୖグࡢ㡯┠㛫ࡢ㡰┦㛵ಀᩘ ࡣࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ ± 0.3 ᮍ‶࡛࠶ࡾࠊᙅ࠸┦㛵㛵ಀ࡛࠶ࡗ ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ㡯┠ࡢ୰࡛ࠊ㣗Ⴔዲ㛵ࡍࡿ㡯┠ ࡢࡳ㈇ࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ⾲7 6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌እ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࠊ ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࡢྛኚᩘ㛫ࡢ㡰┦㛵ಀᩘࢆ♧ࡍࠋ እ㣗ᦤྲྀࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠸ࡎࢀࡶ ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪UV = 0.24, UV = 0.17㸧ࠋࡑࡢࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝 ⳯㸧ᦤྲྀࠊ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀࡢ2 㡯┠᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵 ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪UV = 0.18, UV = 0.22㸧ࠋ ⾲4ࠉᒃఫᙧែࡢኚࡼࡿᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᚓⅬཬࡧ㣗⾜ືᚓⅬࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡢ⤫ィゎᯒ⤖ᯝ S ್ U 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.6 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.3 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.3 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.0 4.0 4.8 3.9 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.6 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.3 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 2.5 4.0 2.9 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 0.9 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.4 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 21.0 24.0 26.8 24.0 3.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 18.0 20.0 24.8 20.4 4.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.2 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 1.3 3.0 4.0 3.0 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.5 4.8 3.2 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.5 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.3 4.0 4.8 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 3.3 4.0 4.8 3.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.7 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 2.5 3.8 2.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.3 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 7.0 9.0 12.0 9.5 2.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 8.3 10.0 11.0 9.8 2.8 Mann-Whitney 8 test Q = 104 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ 0.722 -0.03 ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ 0.072 -0.18 4.7 0.6 4.0 4.0 4.3 0.8 䝡䝍䝭䞁䞉䝭䝛䝷䝹 䠄⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯䠅ᦤྲྀ 0.020 -0.23 䝡䝍䝭䞁䞉䝭䝛䝷䝹 䠄ᯝ≀䞉ῐⰍ㔝⳯䠅ᦤྲྀ 0.016 -0.24 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.4 1.1 1.1 䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮ᦤྲྀ 0.005 -0.27 Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ 0.020 -0.23 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.9 1.1 0.9 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.005 -0.27 እ㣗ᦤྲྀ 0.680 -0.04 26.0 4.0 3.5 24.0 23.4 4.1 1.2 3.1 ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 0.003 -0.29 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ 0.576 -0.05 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 1.4 0.6 4.1 4.6 㛫㣗䠄༗๓䠅 0.650 -0.04 㛫㣗㸦༗ᚋ㸧 0.578 -0.05 4.0 2.0 4.8 4.0 1.2 1.2 3.6 2.7 㛫㣗㸦ኪ㸧 0.793 -0.03 㛫㣗ྜィᚓⅬ 0.520 -0.06 3.0 4.0 12.0 1.3 2.8 9.5 3.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆㸸➨1㸪2ᅇㄪᰝ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ⪅ࠉQ = 88 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦㸸➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛㸪➨2ᅇㄪᰝ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ⪅ࠉQ = 16 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 5.0 5.0 5.0 3.3 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 20.3 2.0 9.0 5.0 S ್ U 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.7 0.6 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.3 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.8 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.3 0.7 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.0 4.0 4.8 3.9 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.6 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.9 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.3 4.0 4.0 3.5 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 2.5 4.0 2.9 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 0.9 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 3.0 3.0 4.0 3.4 1.0 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 21.0 24.0 26.8 24.0 3.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 18.0 20.0 24.8 20.4 4.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.2 1.1 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 1.3 3.0 4.0 3.0 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 3.5 4.8 3.2 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 0.5 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.1 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.3 4.0 4.8 3.6 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 3.3 4.0 4.8 3.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 2.0 4.0 2.7 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 2.5 3.8 2.8 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 2.0 3.0 4.0 3.1 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 2.0 4.0 4.0 3.3 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆ 7.0 9.0 12.0 9.5 2.8 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦ 8.3 10.0 11.0 9.8 2.8 Mann-Whitney 8 test Q = 104 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ 0.722 -0.03 ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ 0.072 -0.18 4.7 0.6 4.0 4.0 4.3 0.8 䝡䝍䝭䞁䞉䝭䝛䝷䝹 䠄⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯䠅ᦤྲྀ 0.020 -0.23 䝡䝍䝭䞁䞉䝭䝛䝷䝹 䠄ᯝ≀䞉ῐⰍ㔝⳯䠅ᦤྲྀ 0.016 -0.24 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.4 1.1 1.1 䜹䝹䝅䜴䝮ᦤྲྀ 0.005 -0.27 Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ 0.020 -0.23 5.0 5.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.9 1.1 0.9 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.005 -0.27 እ㣗ᦤྲྀ 0.680 -0.04 26.0 4.0 3.5 24.0 23.4 4.1 1.2 3.1 ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 0.003 -0.29 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ 0.576 -0.05 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 1.4 0.6 4.1 4.6 㛫㣗䠄༗๓䠅 0.650 -0.04 㛫㣗㸦༗ᚋ㸧 0.578 -0.05 4.0 2.0 4.8 4.0 1.2 1.2 3.6 2.7 㛫㣗㸦ኪ㸧 0.793 -0.03 㛫㣗ྜィᚓⅬ 0.520 -0.06 3.0 4.0 12.0 1.3 2.8 9.5 3.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ⥅⥆㸸➨1㸪2ᅇㄪᰝ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡶ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ⪅ࠉQ = 88 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋኚ᭦㸸➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ࡛㸪➨2ᅇㄪᰝ୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢ⪅ࠉQ = 16 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 5.0 5.0 5.0 3.3 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 20.3 2.0 9.0 5.0
ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚᭷ព࡞┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡍ 㡯┠ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌ࡍ࡚᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦Ⅳ Ỉ≀ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.26㸪⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.19㸪ࣅࢱ࣑࣭ࣥ ࣑ࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.18㸪ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥ ࢿࣛࣝ㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.17㸪࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.20㸪Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ: UV = 0.21㸧ࠋ ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရࡣࠊ➨1 ᅇㄪᰝࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝ ⾲5ࠉᒃఫᙧែࡼࡿ2Ⅼ㛫ࡢᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗⌮⏤ᚓⅬࡑࡢᕪ␗ࡢ⤫ィゎᯒ⤖ᯝ S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.3 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.1 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.2 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q =31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
-0.29 -0.21 0.003 -0.39 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 4.3 1.3 0.016 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.9 1.5 0.001 ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜࠸ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 0.002 -0.27 0.005 -0.43 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 5.0 5.0 4.1 1.3 4.4 1.2 <0.001 -0.40 5.0 3.8 ᮅ㣗ࡢ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 5.0 5.0 ᮅ㣗ࢆྲྀࡿ㛫ࡀ࡞࠸ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 1.4 0.031 -0.19 0.001 -0.46 1.5 <0.001 -0.32 4.1 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 㸺0.001 -0.57 0.007 -0.23 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 1.3 4.5 1.0 0.339 -0.08 4.0 5.0 ᮅࡣ㣗ḧࡀ࡞࠸ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 5.0 5.0 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 ⾲6ࠉᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ㣗⾜ື㸪㣗Ⴔዲ㸪ㄪ⌮㛵㐃せᅉ㸪㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ㸪ᗣព㆑ࡢ┦㛵 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.20* 0.27** 0.20* 0.01 -0.22* -0.22** -0.10 -0.08 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.05 2 እ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ 0.13 0.03 0.12 0.22** -0.12 -0.10 -0.12 0.10 0.17 0.21* 0.14 0.10 3 ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ᚓⅬ 0.15 0.13 -0.10 -0.11 -0.12 -0.10 -0.15 -0.03 0.06 0.19* -0.04 -0.01 4 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬ 0.18* 0.20* 0.20* 0.23** -0.09 -0.01 0.00 -0.11 0.09 0.09 0.08 -0.06 5 㛫㣗㸦༗๓࣭༗ᚋ࣭ኪ㸧ᚓⅬ -0.06 0.29*** 0.12 0.11 -0.08 -0.07 0.20* 0.26** 0.25** 0.14 0.24** 0.11 6 Ἔᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.03 0.05 -0.05 0.09 0.05 0.52*** 0.31*** 0.23** 0.11 -0.11 0.15 -0.05 7 ⫗ᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.20* 0.01 -0.06 -0.03 0.02 0.46*** 0.15 0.20* 0.03 -0.06 0.01 -0.03 8 ࢫࢼࢵࢡ㢮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.16 0.25** 0.26** 0.17* 0.31*** 0.08 -0.14 0.07 -0.11 9 ⏑࠸࠾ⳫᏊࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.06 0.11 0.12 0.08 0.18* 0.34*** 0.31*** 0.35*** 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.00 10 ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ᚓⅬ -0.02 0.15 0.10 -0.02 0.22** 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.25** 0.16 0.16 11 ㄪ⌮ჾලࡢᡤ᭷ᚓⅬ 0.17* 0.09 0.04 0.15 -0.04 0.10 -0.06 -0.09 0.00 0.22* 0.02 0.15 12 㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪᚓⅬ 0.07 0.17 0.16 0.13 0.26** 0.10 -0.02 0.11 0.07 0.17* -0.04 0.21* 13 ᑑཬࡰࡍ㣗⩦័ࡢ ᙳ㡪ࡢព㆑ᚓⅬ 0.11 0.17 -0.26 ** 0.00 0.05 0.03 -0.11 -0.02 -0.08 0.19* 0.12 0.12 ྑ㸸➨2ᅇㄪᰝ (2017ᖺ) 1 = 135 ᕥ㸸➨1ᅇㄪᰝ (2016ᖺ) 1 = 135 * S 䠘 0.05 ** S 䠘 0.01 *** S 䠘 0.001 Spearman’s correlation coefficient (by ranks)
S ್͊ U S ್͊͊ U ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 3.0 4.0 5.0 3.8 1.4 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.3 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.3 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.1 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.3 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.5 1.0 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 1.5 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 1.2 ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 2.0 3.0 5.0 3.2 1.6 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 1.3 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 31㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 104 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ㸸୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 45㸪㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ Q = 90 †㸸Mann-Whitney8 test , ୍ேᬽࡽࡋ vs 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋ ††㸸Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test , ➨1ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ vs ➨2ᅇ┠ㄪᰝ
-0.29 -0.21 0.003 -0.39 䚷䚷䚷䚷䚷 1 = 135 4.3 1.3 0.016 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 5.0 3.9 1.5 0.001 ㉳ᗋ้ࡀ㐜࠸ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 0.002 -0.27 0.005 -0.43 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 3.0 5.0 5.0 4.1 1.3 4.4 1.2 < 0.001 -0.40 5.0 3.8 ᮅ㣗ࡢ⏝ពࡀ㠃ಽ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 5.0 5.0 ᮅ㣗ࢆྲྀࡿ㛫ࡀ࡞࠸ ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 2.0 5.0 1.4 0.031 -0.19 0.001 -0.46 1.5 < 0.001 -0.32 4.1 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 4.0 5.0 5.0 4.2 < 0.001 -0.57 0.007 -0.23 25% ࢱ್ࣝ ୰ኸ್ 75㸣 ࢱ್ࣝ ᖹᆒ್ ᶆ‽೫ᕪ 1.3 4.5 1.0 0.339 -0.08 4.0 5.0 ᮅࡣ㣗ḧࡀ࡞࠸ ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 5.0 5.0 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 5.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 1 ᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬ 0.20* 0.27** 0.20* 0.01 -0.22* -0.22** -0.10 -0.08 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.05 2 እ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ 0.13 0.03 0.12 0.22** -0.12 -0.10 -0.12 0.10 0.17 0.21* 0.14 0.10 3 ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ᚓⅬ 0.15 0.13 -0.10 -0.11 -0.12 -0.10 -0.15 -0.03 0.06 0.19* -0.04 -0.01 4 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬ 0.18* 0.20* 0.20* 0.23** -0.09 -0.01 0.00 -0.11 0.09 0.09 0.08 -0.06 5 㛫㣗㸦༗๓࣭༗ᚋ࣭ኪ㸧ᚓⅬ -0.06 0.29*** 0.12 0.11 -0.08 -0.07 0.20* 0.26** 0.25** 0.14 0.24** 0.11 6 Ἔᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.03 0.05 -0.05 0.09 0.05 0.52*** 0.31*** 0.23** 0.11 -0.11 0.15 -0.05 7 ⫗ᩱ⌮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.20* 0.01 -0.06 -0.03 0.02 0.46*** 0.15 0.20* 0.03 -0.06 0.01 -0.03 8 ࢫࢼࢵࢡ㢮ࡢႴዲᚓⅬ 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.16 0.25** 0.26** 0.17* 0.31*** 0.08 -0.14 0.07 -0.11 9 ⏑࠸࠾ⳫᏊࡢႴዲᚓⅬ -0.06 0.11 0.12 0.08 0.18* 0.34*** 0.31*** 0.35*** 0.08 0.08 0.04 0.00 10 ㄪ⌮ᢏ⾡ᚓⅬ -0.02 0.15 0.10 -0.02 0.22** 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.25** 0.16 0.16 11 ㄪ⌮ჾලࡢᡤ᭷ᚓⅬ 0.17* 0.09 0.04 0.15 -0.04 0.10 -0.06 -0.09 0.00 0.22* 0.02 0.15 12 㣗⾜ືኚᐜࢫࢸ࣮ࢪᚓⅬ 0.07 0.17 0.16 0.13 0.26** 0.10 -0.02 0.11 0.07 0.17* -0.04 0.21* 13 ᑑཬࡰࡍ㣗⩦័ࡢᙳ㡪ࡢព㆑ᚓⅬ 0.11 0.17 -0.26** 0.00 0.05 0.03 -0.11 -0.02 -0.08 0.19* 0.12 0.12 ྑ㸸➨2ᅇㄪᰝ 㸦2017ᖺ㸧 1 = 135 ᕥ㸸➨1ᅇㄪᰝ 㸦2016ᖺ㸧 1 = 135 * S < 0.05 ** S < 0.01 *** S < 0.001 Spearman’s correlation coefficient (by ranks)
࠸ࡎࢀࡶࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧ᦤྲྀ᭷ ព࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ྛࠎ㸪UV = 0.19, UV = 0.24㸧ࠋࡑ ࡢࠊ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ㸦UV = 0.21㸧ࠊ ➨2 ᅇㄪᰝ࠾࠸࡚࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ᭷ព࡞ṇࡢ┦ 㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦UV = 0.20㸧ࠋ 㸰 ඹศᩓᵓ㐀ศᯒࡼࡿᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍ ࡿせᅉࡢᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝࡢ᳨ド ᅗ2 ࡣࠊ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊࠕᒃఫᙧែࠖࠊࠕ㣗 ⾜ືࠖࠊࠕᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀࠖࡢせᅉ㛫ࡢᅉᯝࣔࢹࣝࢆ᳨ウ ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣔࢹࣝࡢ㐺ྜᗘᣦᶆࡣࠊGFI ࡀ 0.97ࠊ AGFI ࡀ 0.91ࠊCFI ࡀ 0.89ࠊRMSEA ࡀ 0.09 ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ GFIࠊAGFI ࡣ 1.00 ㏆࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋCFI ཬࡧ RMSEA ࡣ┠Ᏻࡍࡿᇶ‽್ࢆ‶ࡓࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊᇶ‽್ ㏆࠸್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࣔࢹࣝࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㐺ྜᗘࡣయ ࡋ࡚ᴫࡡጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋࠕᒃఫᙧែࠖࡽࠕ㣗 ⾜ືࠖࡢࣃࢫಀᩘࡣࠊȕ = 0.42 ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦S< 0.001㸧ࠋ ⾲7ࠉ6ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌እ㣗ᦤྲྀ㸪ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㸪ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࡢ┦㛵 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ (2016ᖺ) 0.06 0.05 0.24 ** 0.10 0.09 0.05 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ (2017ᖺ) 0.08 0.13 0.17 * 0.18 * 0.22 ** 0.10 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ (2016ᖺ) 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.08 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ (2017ᖺ) 0.26 ** 0.19 * 0.18 * 0.17 * 0.20 * 0.21 * ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ (2016ᖺ) 0.12 0.21 * 0.19 * 0.12 0.10 0.08 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ (2017ᖺ) 0.04 0.13 0.24 ** 0.15 0.20 * 0.06 1 = 135 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ
Spearman’s correlation coefficient (by ranks) * S 㸺 0.05 ** S 㸺 0.01
ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧 ᦤྲྀ ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ እ㣗ᦤྲྀ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ 㣗ရᦤྲྀ ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧 ᦤྲྀ እ㣗ᦤྲྀ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀ
GFI = 0.97, AGFI = 0.91, CFI = 0.89, RMSEA = 0.09 ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ ᒃఫᙧែ 㣗⾜ື 0.21 0.38 0.28 0.42 0.85 e1 e2 e3 e4 e5 ᅗ 2ࠉඹศᩓᵓ㐀ศᯒࡼࡿᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡍࡿせᅉࡢᅉᯝᵓ㐀ࣔࢹࣝࡢ᳨ド⤖ᯝ 㸦Ꮫ➼2Ꮫᖺ┠㸧 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2016ᖺ䠅 0.06 0.05 0.24 ** 0.10 0.09 0.05 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2017ᖺ䠅 0.08 0.13 0.17 * 0.18 * 0.22 ** 0.10 ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2016ᖺ䠅 0.07 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.08 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2017ᖺ䠅 0.26 ** 0.19 * 0.18 * 0.17 * 0.20 * 0.21 * ➨1ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2016ᖺ䠅 0.12 0.21 * 0.19 * 0.12 0.10 0.08 ➨2ᅇㄪᰝ䠄2017ᖺ䠅 0.04 0.13 0.24 ** 0.15 0.20 * 0.06 ࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ 㣗ရᦤྲྀ ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦⥳㯤Ⰽ㔝⳯㸧 ᦤྲྀ ࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ 㸦ᯝ≀࣭ῐⰍ㔝⳯㸧 ᦤྲྀ ࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ᦤྲྀ Ἔ⬡㢮ᦤྲྀ እ㣗ᦤྲྀ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 1 = 135 ⅣỈ≀ᦤྲྀ ⺮ⓑ㉁ᦤྲྀ
₯ᅾኚᩘ࡛࠶ࡿࠕ㣗⾜ືࠖࡽࠕእ㣗ᦤྲྀࠖࠊࠕᮅ㣗Ḟ 㣗ࠖࠊࠕࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࠖࡢࣃࢫಀᩘࡣࠊྛࠎࠊ ȕ = 0.21ࠊȕ = 0.38ࠊȕ = 0.28 ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸦S = 0.066㸪S= 0.009㸪 S = 0.025㸧ࠋࠕ㣗⾜ືࠖࡽࠕᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀࠖࡢࣃࢫ ಀᩘࡣࠊȕ = 0.85 ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࠕᒃఫᙧែࠖࡽࠕᰤ㣴⣲ ➼ᦤྲྀࠖࡢᶆ‽㛫᥋ຠᯝࡣࠊ0.36 ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ϫ ⪃ᐹ 㸯㸬㣗⾜ືࡀᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪 㸯 ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ᮅ㣗ࢆḞ㣗ࡍࡿᅜẸࢆῶࡽࡍࡇࡣࠊᗣ᪥ᮏ21㸦 ᗣ᪥ᮏ21 ⏬᳨ウ㸪ᗣ᪥ᮏ 21 ィ⏬⟇ᐃ᳨ウ㸪 2000㸧ཬࡧ➨ 3 ḟ㣗⫱᥎㐍ᇶᮏィ⏬㸦㎰ᯘỈ⏘┬㸪2016㸧 ࡢ┠ᶆ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ15㹼19 ṓ㸦13.1㸣㸧ࡽ 20 ṓ௦㸦27.3㸣㸧ࡅ࡚ୖ᪼ࡍࡿᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㸦ཌ⏕ປാ ┬㸪2018㸧ࡣࠊ౫↛ࡋ࡚ᨵၿࡢࡋࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ㣗⾜ື㸦እ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ 㣗ࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࠊ㛫㣗ᦤྲྀ㸧ࡢ୰࡛ࠊ➨ 1 ᅇㄪᰝ➨ 2 ᅇㄪᰝࡢᚓⅬ᭷ពᕪࢆㄆࡵࡓ㡯┠ ࡣᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᏛ➼ධᏛࡋࡓ1 ᖺᚋࠊ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㢖ᗘࡢቑຍഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࠊᖹᆒ18.3 ṓࡽ 19.5 ṓࡢഹ࡞ᮇ㛫࠾࠸࡚ࡶᮅ㣗ᦤྲྀ≧ἣኚࡀ⏕ࡌ ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᏛ➼1 Ꮫᖺ┠ 㠀୍ேᬽࡽࡋࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࠊ2 Ꮫᖺ┠ᒃఫᙧែࢆ୍ேᬽ ࡽࡋኚ࠼࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࠊᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㢖ᗘࡢቑຍࡀ㢧ⴭ࡞ ࡿࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ┦㛵ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࡣࠊ➨2 ᅇㄪ ᰝ࠾࠸࡚ࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗᭷ព࡞┦ 㛵ࡀぢࡽࢀࠊᏛ➼ධᏛᚋ2 Ꮫᖺ┠࠾࠸࡚ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀࡢ㛵㐃ࡀᙉࡲࡿഴྥ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ❚࠼ࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡽࠊᏛ➼1 Ꮫᖺࡽ 2 Ꮫᖺࡢ㐍⣭ క࠺ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗㢖ᗘࡢቑຍࡀࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣᙳ㡪ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗ࡀᰤ㣴⣲➼ࡢᦤྲྀ㔞ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡣࠊࢃࡀᅜࡢᏛ⏕㸦ཎ⏣ࡽ㸪2010; ከ⏣ࡽ, 2011; ➟ᕳࡽ㸪 2018㸧ཬࡧ⡿ᅜࢆ୰ᚰḢ⡿ࡢ㟷ᑡᖺࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ◊✲ 㸦Rampersaud et al., 2005㸧࠾࠸࡚ࡶᣦࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ࣞࣅ࣮ࣗㄽᩥ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᮅ㣗ᦤྲྀࡀࠊከ㔞ᰤ㣴⣲ཬࡧ ᚤ㔞ᰤ㣴⣲ࡢ୧᪉ࡢほⅬࡽࠊ㐺ษ࡞㣗ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ࣐ ࣮࣮࢝࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡇࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Ruxton and Kirk, 1997㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝຍ࠼࡚ࠊᮏ◊✲ ࡛᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡇࡣࠊ㣗⾜ືࡢ୰࡛ࡶ≉ᮅ㣗Ḟ㣗 ࡢᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ຊࡀࡁࡃࠊᏛ➼ධᏛ ᚋࠊ⤒ᖺⓗࡑࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡀ㢧ⴭ࡞ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ 㸰㸧እ㣗ᦤྲྀࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀࠊ㛫㣗 ࠕࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရࡢከ࠸ᦤྲྀ㔞ࡣࣜࣥࡢከ࠸ᦤྲྀ 㔞⧅ࡀࡿࡓࡵࠊᦤྲྀ㔞ὀពࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㣗 ရࠖ㸦బஂ㛫ࡽ, 2017㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗 ရࠊሷₕಖᏑ㣗ရࡸእ㣗ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔞ࡢሷศࢆྵࡴࡇ ࡽࠊࡑࡢᦤྲྀࢆไ㝈ࡍࡿࠖ㸦ྜྷᮧࡽ㸪1991㸧ࡇࡀ㔜 せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋClemens et al.㸦1999㸧ࡣࠊᡂேዪᛶࢆᑐ㇟ ࡋࡓ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊእ㣗ࡢ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࠊ⬡⫫ࡸࢼࢺࣜ ࣒࢘ࡢᦤྲྀ㔞ࡶ㧗ࡲࡿᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ ࡣࠊᏛ➼1 Ꮫᖺ┠࠾࠸࡚ࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓ ⅬࠊᏛ➼2 Ꮫᖺ┠࠾࠸࡚ࠊእ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬཬࡧࣥࢫ ࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᰤ㣴ᦤྲྀ⥲ྜᚓⅬࡑࢀࡒࢀ᭷ព࡞ ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆㄆࡵࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀእ㣗ᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘ ࡀప࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡣࠊᰤ㣴⣲➼ࡢᦤྲྀ㔞ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿഴྥࡀ♧ࡉࢀ ࡓࠋᖹᡂ29 ᖺᅜẸᗣ࣭ᰤ㣴ㄪᰝሗ࿌㸦ཌ⏕ປാ┬㸪 2018㸧ࡽࠊ㔝⳯㢮ࡢᦤྲྀ㔞㸦1 ᪥ᙜࡓࡾࡢᖹᆒ್㸧ࢆ ᖺ㱋㝵⣭ูぢࡿࠊ15㹼19 ṓ 252.0 gࠊ20㹼29 ṓ 242.8 g ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ10 ṓ௦ᚋ༙ࡽ 20 ṓ௦ࡅ࡚≉ప࠸್ࢆ ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋእ㣗ࡸࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရࢆ㢖⦾⏝ࡍࡿ ഴྥ࠶ࡿᏛ⏕ࡣࠊ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌ࡢ୰࡛ᦤྲྀ㔞ࡀప ࠸ഴྥ࠶ࡿࣅࢱ࣑࣭࣑ࣥࢿࣛࣝ➼ࡢ㣗ရᦤྲྀࡢ㓄៖ ࡀᚲせ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㛫㣗ࢆ࠾ⳫᏊࢫࢼࢵࢡ㢮㝈ᐃࡋᰤ㣴 ⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣࡢ㛵㐃ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ㛫㣗ࡢᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘ ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ᭷ព࡞㛵㐃ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㛫㣗㸦༗๓࣭༗ᚋ࣭ኪ㸧ᚓⅬࡣࠊᏛ➼1 Ꮫᖺ┠࠾࠸࡚ࠊእ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬࠊᏛ➼2 Ꮫᖺ┠࠾࠸ ࡚ࠊࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရᦤྲྀᚓⅬཬࡧእ㣗ᦤྲྀᚓⅬ᭷ព ࡞ṇࡢ┦㛵ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ㛫㣗ࢆ㢖⦾⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿᏛ⏕ࡣࠊእ㣗ࡸࣥࢫࢱࣥࢺ㣗ရࡢᦤྲྀࡢ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ ഴྥ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㛫㣗ࡢ㢖ᗘࡀ㛫᥋ⓗ ᰤ㣴⣲➼ࡢᦤྲྀᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ ዪᏊᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ㣗⏕ά≧ἣ ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ㛫㣗ࡣዪᏊᏛ⏕ࡗ࡚㣗≀ᦤྲྀ≧ἣࡢ೫ࡾࡢ せᅉ࡞ࡾࡸࡍ࠸ࠖࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ྂᶫࡽ㸪 2006㸧ࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊⱥᅜࡢዪᏊᏛ⏕ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓ◊✲ ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢫࢼࢵࢡࡢᦤྲྀ㢖ᗘࡀ㧗࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡣ୍⯡ⓗከ ࡃࢆ㣗ࡿഴྥ࠶ࡾࠊࡼࡾᖜᗈ࠸✀㢮ࡢ㣗ရࢆ㑅ࡪࡇ ࡛ᰤ㣴⣲ࡢᦤྲྀࣂࣛࣥࢫࡀྲྀࢀࡓ≧ἣ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Whybrow and Kirk, 1997㸧ࠋHampl et al. 㸦2003㸧ࡣࠊ㛫㣗ࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᰤ㣴⣲➼ࡢ ᦤྲྀᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡿࡇࢆᣦࡋࠊ≉⏑㣧ᩱỈࡢᦤ ྲྀὀពࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㛫㣗࡛ᦤྲྀࡍࡿ 㣗ရࡸ㛫㣗ࡢࢱ࣑ࣥࢢࡼࡗ࡚ᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ≧ἣ ࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ◊✲ࢆ୍ᴫẚ㍑ࡍ ࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ௬㛫㣗ࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡣࠊᮅ㣗ࠊ 㣗ࠊኤ㣗࠾ࡅࡿᰤ㣴⣲➼ᦤྲྀ㔞ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࠊᦤྲྀࡍࡿ㣗 ရࡢ✀㢮ࡸ㔞㓄៖ࡍࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ6 ࡘࡢᇶ♏㣗ရ⩌ࡢ୰࡛ࠊࣅࢱ࣑
