渡島半島における単為生殖型マルカククチゾウムシの染色体
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(2) Journal of Hokkaido University of Education (Section IIB) Vol. 29, No. 2 February 1979. C^CT^-NE^ (it 2 ^B ) ^ 29 ^ ^ 2 ^- Hgft 54 ^ 2 fl. A Chromosome Study on a Parthenogenetic Weevil Blosyrus japonicus. Sharp in Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido (Curculionidae : Coleoptera). Yasushi TAKENOUCHI Biological Laboratory, Sapporo College, Hokkaido University of Education Sapporo 064. ^ ^ ^ : rJ$^tiB^^(t^^^^M3u^^^^^^y'^^^^^fe?. WW^±^U1tW^W^ Blosyrus japonicus Sharp is one of the Japanese native curculionid weevil species belonging to the subfamily Brachyderinae. The species has four races: hexaploid (6x=66, 68), pentaploid (5x=55), tetraploid (4x=44) parthenogenetic ones as well as a diploid bisexual (2%=22, ^ n=10+ Xyp, ^-n=10+XX) one (Takenouchi, 1970, 1972, 1976a,b,c,d, 1978). Hexaploidy, the highest degree of polyploidy so far encountered, was found for the first time in the species (Takenouchi, 1970). I am interested in the interesting fauna of Oshima Peninsula, located at the southern part of Hokkaido and did collection in early June of 1978. Two Blosyrus japonicus females were obtained at Shiriuchi and Fukushima-cho, respectively. Each individual was reared in petri dish which was covered with a glass lid of the ordinary type. A piece of fresh leaf of Petasites japonicus Mig. was given as food as usual (Takenouchi, 1959). They laid eggs shortly after. Squash slides of the eggs (embryos) were made according to Smith's method (1943) at various hours after oviposition to obtain chromosomes in early cleavage nuclei. They were stained in basic fuchsinmethyl green as usual.. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the Shiriuchi specimen showed exactly 44 chromosomes and the Fukushima-cho specimen 55 chromosomes. The facts clearly show that the former is a tetraploid. parthenogenetic female and the latter a pentaploid parthenogenetic one. The distance between both localities is 4,300 m (Fig. 3). From the results it is revealed that in Oshima Peninsula both parthenogenetic races are isolated with each other though in a small sand bank of the Toyohira River, Sapporo, where three parthenogenetic races (6x, 5x, and 4x) coexist (Takenouchi, 1976d).. On the other hand, a diploid bisexual race is isolated in a small island, Oshima-kojima (Takenouchi, 1976a).. (D.
(3) Y.TAKENOUCHI. /\-^ Fig- 1. Map of southern Hokkaido and Oshima-kojima.. Figs. 2 and 3. Chromosomes of Blosyrus japonicns. 2. Metaphase plate of early cleavage in the tetraploid female from Shiriuchi, showing 44 chromosomes. 3. Early metaphase plate of early cleavage in the pentaploid female from Fukushima-cho, showing 55 chromosomes. Each bar shows 10 ju, respectively.. (2).
(4) Chromosomes of a Parthenogenetic Weevil. References. Smith, S. G. 1943 Techniques for the study of insect chromosomes. Can. Entomol. -75 : 21—24. Takenouchi, Y. 1959 Some oecological observations of three species of curculionid weevils with special reference to parthenogenetic reproduction. J. Hokkaido Gakugei Univ., Section B, 10 : 297—340. Takenouchi, Y. 1970 Three further studies of the chromosomes of Japanese weevils (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 12 : 273-277. Takenouchi, Y. 1976a Chromosome study of an isolated bisexual race of the reportedly parthenogenetic Japanese weevil Blosyrus japonicus Sharp (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). J. Hokkaido Univ. Educ. Sect. IIB. 26 : 51— 54. Takenouchi, Y. 1976b On the chromosomes of parthenogenetic curculionid weevils in Japan. Proc. Jap. Acad. 52 : 126-129. Takenouchi, Y. 1976c A hexaploid parthenogenetic weevil, Blosyrus japonicus Sharp with 68 chromosomes (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). Chr. Inf. Serv. 19 : 24—26.. Takenouchi, Y. 1976d A study of polyploidy in races of Japanese weevils (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). Genetica 46 : 327-334. Takenouchi, Y. 1978 A further chromosome study on the races of two reportedly Japanese polyploid parthenogenetic weevils. J. Hokkaido Univ. Educ. Sect. IIB. 19:1-3.. (3).
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