Song divergence in the Japanese Willow Tits
その他(別言語等)
のタイトル
日本産コガラの囀りの分化 著者(英) Thonen Willi, Fujimaki Yuzo journal or
publication title
Research bulletin of Obihiro University.
Natural science
volume 19
number 3
page range 171‑177
year 1995‑10‑20
URL http://id.nii.ac.jp/1588/00001933/
•
R
田B u l l .O b i h i r o U n i v . , 19 ( 1995): 171~177
Song d i v e r g e n c e i n t h e J a p a n e s e Willow T i t s
Willi TH 凸 NEN1and Y uzo FUJIMAKI' ( R e c e i v e d : May 3 1 , 1 9 9 5 )
ABSTRACT
The Wi I l ow T i t s P a r u s
制o n t a n u s o f Hokkaido and Honshu d i v e r g e i n t h e i r t e r r i t o r i a l s o n g s . The l a t t e r ' s S Q n g i s s i m i l a r o r i d e n t i c a l t o t h a t o f t h e C h i n e s e s u b s p e c i e s . a が n , S t
S品 o e t z n e n and w e i g o l d i c u s . The Hokkaido b i r d s , i n c o n t r a s t , s i n g Q l l e o f t h e tWQ E u r o ‑ S i b e r i a n s o n g t y p e s : t h e i r s o n g i s i d e n t i c a l t o t h e s o n g s o f 出 e A l p i n e T i t " Pa
問 問 問 白 血n
回i nE u r o p e and o f a r e c e n t l y d i s c o v e r e d p o p u l a t i o n w i t h a l p i n e " s o n g i n t h e R u s s i a n A l t a i M t s . , bo 仕 1o f them c o n s i d e r e d t o b e r e l i c t s o f a n e a r l i e r , i n t e r g l a c i a l " g e n e r a t i o n " o f Willow T i t s . T h i s s u g g e s t s t h a t 吐 1 eHokkaido p o p u l a t i o n m i g h t be s u c h a r e l i c t t o o . i n c o n t r a s t t o 出 eb i r d s o f S a k h a l i n which a r e b i l i n g u a l " o r mixed s o n g s t e r s l i k e t h o s e o f t h e e n t i r e t a i g a b e l t from N orway and e a s t e r n P o l a n d t o N o r t h . E a s t A s i a . S i n c e s m a l l " b i l i n g u a l " p o p u l a t i o n s e x i s t a l s o i n
出 enarrow z o n e s o f s e c o n d a r y c o n t a c t b e t w e e n t h e two " m o n o l i n g u a l " p o p u l a t i o n s m e e t i n g i n C e n t r a l E u r o p e , i t i s s u p p o s e d t h a t t h e p o p u l a t i o n s o f t h e t a i g a b e l t and S a k h a l i n , w h i c h c a n o n l y b e p o s t g l a c i a l c o l o n i s t s , c o u l d b e o f h y b r i d o r i g i n a l s o . T h i s i m p l i e s t h a t 出 er e o c c u p a t i o n o f 出回 h u g ea r e a would have s t a r t e d from a h y b r i d p o p u l a t i o n w h i c h had s u
凹i v e do r e v o l v e d i n a f o r e s t r e f u g e i n s o u t h e r n S i b e r i a . 1 n view o f t h e i r v o c a l d i v e r g e n c e from 白 ep o p u l a t i o n s s o u t h o f 出 eTsugaru S t r a i t and o f t h e i r c 1 0 s e m o r p h o l o g i c a l r e s e m b l a n c e t o P . m. s a c h a l i n e n s i s . t h e Wi 1 1 0w T i t s o f Hokk
田d os h o u l d b e s t b e s e p a r a t e d from
四s t r i c t ;
陥a n di n c 1 u d e d i n P . m . s a c h a l i n e
出i s . Key w o r d s : Willow T i t , P a r u s montanus , Song , J a p a n , Hokkaido
1 7 1
The t e r r i t o r i a l s o n g o f t h e J a p a n e s e Willow T i t P a r u s
間0 1 1
担 冗 問 問s t r i c t u s HELLMA YR , a s i t i s u s u a l l y d e s c r i b e d ( W i l d B i r d S o c i e t y o f J apan 1 9 8 2 ) o r r e p r o d u c e d o n d i s c s ( e . g . J a p a n e s e B i r d S o n g s , V i c t o r LV 5 2 0 Vo l . 2 , 1 9 6 0 ) , c o n s i s t s o f a s e r i e s o f p u r e n o t e s a l t e r n a t i n g i n p i t c h ( F i g ・ 2 . 3 ) . To j u d g e from t h e s c a r c e i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e C h i n e s e s u b s p e c i e s a J . 百 ' n i s , s t o e t z n e r i and we 留 ' o { .
d i c
悶(WEIGOLD1 9 3 5 , ERNST 1 9 9 1 , THONEN i n p r e p . ) , t h e i r s o n g s s e e m s t o b e s i m i l a r o r i d e n t i c a l t o t h e s o n g o f Y I 自 制 c t u s , a l t h o u g h some d i f f e r . e n c e s may become e v i d e n t when more C h i n e s e m a t e r i a l w i l l be a v a i l a b l e f o r c o m p a r i s o n . 1 n any c a s e , t h e a l t e r n a t i n g p i t c h i s common t o bo 出
J a p a n e s e and C h i n e s e Willow T i t s and d i s t i n . g u i s h e s them from t h e o t h e r p o p u I a t i o n s o f t h i s 1 F a u g g e r 5 w e g 5 4 , CH 3 2 3 2 1 0 5 , S w i t z w e r l a n d
2