浅間火山2004年噴火に関連した噴煙の時間変動

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(3) ,**/ . ,1 ,**0 + 1 . Time Variation of Volcanic Plume Related with the Eruptions of Asama Volcano in ,**. Tsuneomi KAGIYAMA῍ and Etsuro KOYAMA῍῍ Asama Volcano had a series of eruptions from September + to November +., ,**.. We have carried out infrared observation at the eastern foot of the volcano since August ,**,, and have succeeded in capturing successive plume imageries. We examined long term and short term variation in volcanic plumes related with the ,**. Eruptions. We examined long term variation of the plume height from January to November ,**., and found two di#erent kinds of correlation between the plume height and other volcanic activities ; the increase in plume height followed by the eruption with a long time delay, and that followed by the eruption promptly. The plume height turned to increase gradually in March and May with the increase of the A-type earthquakes and gradual inflation suggesting supply of magma in the deeper part, and the height increased anomalously from July ,/ with rapid inflation suggesting magma migration to the shallower part. These anomalies were followed by the first eruption on September + about .* days after. Erupted products included some juvenile materials, but the major part of the products were lithic materials. The plume height became lower just after the eruption, but turned to increase from September +, following the increase of A-type earthquakes. The second eruptive stage started from September +., , days after the increase of the plume height. Three small eruptions occurred on September +., and many small eruptions occurred successively from September +0 to +1. The erupted products were mostly well vesiculated juvenile materials. This evidence suggests that the eruptions in the second stage occurred with much volcanic gas, while the first eruption occurred after degassing from magma. We examined short term variation of the volcanic plume during the developing stage of the successive minor eruptions ; from ** : /1 a.m. to *2 : ** a.m. on September +0. We got time series data of the average temperature on the certain vertical line segment, which is crossed by moving volcanic plume, and examined spectrums. As a result of analysis, some power peaks were confirmed at the multiples of *.**,/ Hz until . a.m. And this peak was found to move to higher frequency according to the eruptive activity ; *.**-, Hz at 1 a.m. One possible reason is that Asama Volcano has some resonance beneath the crater (conduit), and the characteristic length of the conduit changed to be shorter during the successive minor eruptions. Japan Meteorological Agency reported the number of eruptions increased from . a.m., and Geographical Survey Institute found a lava cake within the crater about ++ a.m. These evidences suggest that magma ascended within the conduit around . or 1 a.m., and may be consistent with our analytical results. Key words : Asama Volcano, eruption, volcanic plume +ῌ ῐ ῎ ῑ ῏. ) &*+,*-. /01& 23. !"!" #$%$%&'(. 456789*:+;$%$%&<'(!=*. >203ῌ+.*. ?@ABCDEBCFGH /,2* IJKLKLMLNOPQRSLNOTUN OVWXY Aso Volcanological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Minami-Aso, Aso, Kumamoto 203ῌ+.*., Japan. >-23ῌ*+++ Z[A\]^D_àbZc dIKLQeNOfghijf. Asama Volcano Observatory, Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Nagakura-Yama, Karuizawa, Nagano -23ῌ*+++, Japan. Corresponding author : Tsuneomi Kagiyama e-mail : [email protected].

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