宗教用地における居住民の世帯戦略 ――カリスマ僧没後の変化を中心に―― [Household Strategies of Migrants on Religious Land: Some Changes Death after the a Charismatic Monk ]
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(2) ῍῍ ῍῍. . . !*. Household Strategies of Migrants on Religious Land: Some Changes after the Death of a Charismatic Monk TDH6 Keiko*. This paper focuses on changes that have occurred on the religious land "thathana mye# of Thamanya, which is named after the charismatic monk Thamanya "Taung# Hsayadaw and is inhabited by his followers. Thathana mye, which literally translates as “land used only for religious purposes,” is distinct from land generally inhabited by laypersons, such as villages and towns. However, Thamanya Hsayadaw permitted laypersons who followed his teachings to migrate to this land; eventually, the population grew to ῎ῑῌῌῌ and the land assumed the characteristics of a town. The land was rendered vulnerable due to its location near the area that served as the battleground of the civil war between the Karen National Union and the Burmese army. However, with his charismatic power and superior management skills, Thamanya Hsayadaw was able to protect the land from potential destruction. Further, he initiated and helmed many civic ventures, including somewhat secular projects like the construction of roads and bridges, and the promotion of education. This is reminiscent of the “development monk” concept observed in Thailand and Sri Lanka. As mentioned elsewhere, entrepreneurship in such areas has accelerated as a result of complementary relationships between three agencies: monks, pilgrims, and residents of the area. However, since Thamanya Hsayadaw’s demise in late ῎ῌῌ῏, this religious land has undergone changes. First, the number of pilgrims has been decreasing; this implies a decrease in the income of both monks and residents. Second, the area was officially registered as a “village” "kyeywa# by the Township Peace and Development Council "TPDC#. This means it was gradually integrated into the governmental system under the direction of the State Peace and Development Council "SPDC#. In this paper, I examine the changes that have taken place on this land, approaching the analysis from two perspectives: "῍# changes in its administrative features during the process of integration into the governmental system "῎# household strategies of each residents. Keywords: household strategy, religious land "thathana mye#, migration ῍ῌ῏ῌ῎῏$ $ %. ῌ. 428. &'()*+,()*,-. Faculty of Foreign Studies, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, ῏῎῍῍῎῍, Asahi-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo ῍ΐ῏῎ΐῑ῏ῐ, Japan e-mail: ktosa/tufs.ac.jp.
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(452) ^_ `abcZ ! ῌ ῏ ῎ ῍ Hkain Hkan, Maung. ῍῏. Thamanya Hsayadaw hnin Alantaya Hsayadaw tohtan Hkayitwa Hbaya Hmattan dCDEFOX efCgOX>hijkl. Yangon: Kyihlamaung. Hkun Nyan U KDammikaP. ῍ῐ. Thekka Taung Alantaya Hsayadaw Hbayagyi I Hteruppatti dmno GefCgOXOl. Yangon: Shweparabaik Sape. Houtman, Gustaaf. ῍. Mental Culture in Burmese Crisis Politics: Aung San Suu Kyi and the National League for Democracy. Tokyo: ISLCAA, Tokyo Unversity of Foreign Studies. Kyezudawshin. ῎ῌῌ῏. Kyezudawshin Thamanya Taung Hsayadaw Hbayakyi Ahbidaza Egga Maha Thaddamma Zawtika Hbaddanta Winaya Mahahtermyat I Antima Zapana Ahkanana Asiyin Hkanza dpq CDEFGOXrOesturvnwDxCntDrmyorzn ttr{y|gpOX}~l. K῎ῌῌ῏/῍῎/῍῎ kP Myanmasa Ahpwe. ῍ῌ. Myanma Ahbida Akyin Hkyok dFDl. Yangon: Sapebiman. Queen, Christopher S.; and King, Sallie B. ῍ῒ. Engaged Buddhism: Buddhist Liveration Movements in Asia. State University of New York. Sapebiman Ahpwe. ῍ῒ. Myanma Swesonkyan Hnit Hkyok ῍ῒ ds D ῍ῒ l. Yangon: Sapebiman. Tambiah, Stanley J. ῍ῐ. The Buddhist Saints of the Forest and the Cult of Amulets. New York: Cambridge University Press. Tawhmi Yahan. ῍῏. Emyathahkaung Thamanya Taung d CDEFGl. Yangon: Shwe Pinku Sape. ῌῌῌῌ. ῎ῌῌῌ. Thu.athet ko Hkyit pale K ῏ rd ed.P dS 3l. Yangon: Hkyotethan Sape. Taylor, J. L. ῍῏. Forest Monks and the Nation-State: An Anthropological and Historical Study in Northeastern Thailand. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. ῎ῌῌῌ s D{u !" ῌῌῌῌ ῎ῌῌ῎
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