清水寺地域における集中豪雨時の土石流氾濫解析

Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟 Vol. 7㸦2013ᖺ7᭶㸧 ࠙ㄽᩥࠚ

ΎỈᑎᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㞟୰㇦㞵᫬ࡢᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒ

Numenical analysis of debri flows in torrential rain at Kiyomizu temple area

㏿ぢᬛ

1

_{࣭኱ሯு௓}

2

_{࣭㔛῝ዲᩥ}

3

Satoshi Hayami, Ryousuke Otsuka and Yoshifumi Satofuka

1_{❧࿨㤋኱Ꮫ ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉⎔ቃ㒔ᕷᑓᨷ㸦ࠛ525-8577 ⁠㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧}

Graduate student, Gradeate school of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University

 2ᰴᘧ఍♫᪥Ỉࢥࣥ㸦ࠛ163-1122 ᮾி㒔᪂ᐟ༊す᪂ᐟ6-22-1(᪂ᐟࢫࢡ࢚࢔ࢱ࣮࣡)㸧

Nihon Suido Consultants Co. Ltd.

3

❧࿨㤋኱Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ⁠㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧 Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering

This paper describes the numerical simulation of debris flow caused by local downpour at Kiyomizu temple area. Kiyomizu temple is a historical heritage, including the national treasure and important cultural property. In the past, Kiyomizu temple was damaged by flood disaster and landslides several times. Mountain stream on the east side of Kiyomizu temple has been designated as area where disasters caused by debris flow may occur by Kyoto prefecture. Then, we apply numerical simulation model Kanako2D on the debris flow runoff process in this watershed. The calculated results show that the risk of debris flows disaster caused by torrential rain is low.

Keywords : debris flow, numerical simulation, torrential rain,Kiyomizu temple area,

㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

 ΎỈᑎࡣΎỈᒣࡢ୰⭡࡟13km2ࡢቃෆࢆᣢࡕࠊᅜᐆ࣭㔜せᩥ໬㈈ࢆྵࡴṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀⩌࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕΎỈࡢ ⯙ྎ࡛ࠖ᭷ྡ࡞ΎỈᑎᮏᇽࡣ400ᖺ㏆ࡃ๓(1633ᖺ)࡟෌ᘓࡉࢀࡓᘓ≀࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢṔྐⓗ౯್ࡣ㧗ࡃᅜᐆ࡟ᣦ ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊΎỈᑎࡣி㒔࡛ࡣ᭱ࡶほගᐈࡀ㞟ࡲࡿሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡾࠊṔྐⓗ࡞౯್ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⤒῭ ⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶ㔜せ࡞ᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ 㐣ཤ࡟ΎỈᑎࡢ࿘㎶࡛ࡣࠊᗘࠎࠊᩳ㠃ᔂቯ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿᅵ◁⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ1972ᖺ7᭶12᪥࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋ ࡓ㇦㞵࡛ࡣࠊΎỈᑎ⫼㠃ᩳ㠃ࡢᔂቯ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊቃෆ࡟࠶ࡿ㔘㏑ᇽࡸᆅⶶᇽࡀ඲ቯࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ⿕ᐖࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ㏆ᖺࠊΎỈᑎࡢ࿘㎶ࡣ㒔ᕷ໬࡟క࠺㒔ᕷᆺࡢ▷ᮇⓗ㞟୰㇦㞵ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊ࿘㎶㒊ࡀᛴᓧ࡞ᒣ ᆅᆅᙧ࡛࠶ࡿᮏᆅᇦࡣᅵ◁⅏ᐖࡢ༴㝤ᛶࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣΎỈᑎᮾഃ῱ὶ࡟࠾࠸࡚௒ᚋⓎ⏕ࡋ࠺ࡿᅵ▼ὶࡢண ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࠊὶᇦࡢ㝆㞵ὶฟ㔞 ࡢ᥎ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᩳ㠃ᔂቯ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚῱ὶ࡬኱㔞ࡢᅵ◁ࡀ౪⤥ࡉࢀࡓሙྜ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿᅵ▼ὶࡢỏ℃ゎᯒࢆ⾜ ࡗࡓࠋᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ỏ℃⌧㇟ࡢண ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊΎỈᑎᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᅵ▼ὶࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡢᅵ▼ὶ ࡢ฿㐩⠊ᅖࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ

㸰㸬◊✲ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ

◊✲ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡣᅗ1࡟♧ࡍΎỈᑎᮏᇽᮾഃ࠿ࡽὶධࡍࡿ῱ὶ࠾ࡼࡧࠊࡑࡢୗὶࡢᆅᇦ500m™500mࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛

࡚࠸ࡿࠋᑐ㇟ᆅࡢὶᇦ㠃✚ࡣ⣙0.03km3_{ࡢᑠ῱ὶ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᖹᆒἙᗋ໙㓄ࡣ1/6࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋἙ㐨ᖜࡣୖὶ࠿} ࡽ୰ὶ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚⣙2~3m࡯࡝ࡢ༊㛫ࡀ⥆ࡁࠊ୰ὶ࠿ࡽୗὶ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚Ἑ㐨ᖜࡀࡋࡔ࠸࡟኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ᭱ୗὶ㒊 ࡛ࡣ⣙15m࡟࡞ࡿࠋ෗┿1ࡣᑐ㇟῱ὶࡢ୰ὶ㒊ࢆ᧜ᙳࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ෗┿2ࡣᑐ㇟῱ὶࡢ ᓊᩳ㠃ࢆ᧜ᙳࡋ ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ↓㝆㞵᫬࡟ࡣ῱ὶ࡟ࡣ⾲㠃ὶࡣ⌧ࢀࡎࠊ㝆㞵᫬࡟⾲㠃ὶࡢὶฟࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ῱ὶࡣ῝࠸㇂ ᆅᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᩳ㠃ᔂቯ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ᓊ㒊ࡼࡾࠊ῱ὶ㒊࡬኱㔞ࡢᅵ◁ࡀὶධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡟⏝࠸ࡓᆅᙧࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔࠿ࡽබ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㟁Ꮚᅜᅵࢹ࣮ࢱࢆඖ࡟సᡂࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ  ᅗ 1 ◊✲ᑐ㇟ࡢ῱ὶཬࡧỏ℃ᇦ           

㸱㸬 ᅵ▼ὶࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃ

ᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒ࡛ࡣ㐣ཤࡢほ グ㘓ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㝆㞵ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜௬ᐃࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ㝆㞵࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿ ᅵ▼ὶࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅵ▼ὶࡢỏ℃ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ◊✲ᑐ㇟ὶᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚௒ᚋⓎ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ 㞟୰㇦㞵࡟ࡼࡿΎỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࢆồࡵࡓࠋΎỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡢண ࡟ࡣ࢔࣓ࢲࢫࡢᐇ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ⾲1ࡣ࢔࣓ࢲࢫࡢி㒔ࡢほ Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᭱኱1᫬㛫㞵㔞ࡢୖ఩5࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ ࢹ ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ᭱኱1᫬㛫㝆㞵㔞ࡣ1980ᖺ8᭶26᪥࡟ほ ࡉࢀࡓ88mm/hr࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ෗┿ 1 ᑐ㇟῱ὶ(ୗὶ࠿ࡽୖὶ㒊ࢆ᧜ᙳ) ෗┿ 2 ᑐ㇟῱ὶࡢ ᓊ㒊(῱ὶᕥᓊ) ᑐ㇟῱ὶ ỏ℃ᇦࡢィ⟬⠊ᅖ

⾲1 ࢔࣓ࢲࢫி㒔ほ Ⅼ࣭᭱኱1᫬㛫㝆㞵㔞 ୖ఩5࢖࣋ࣥࢺ ᪥᭱኱㻝᫬㛫㝆Ỉ㔞 㻤㻤 㻤㻟㻚㻠 㻤㻜㻚㻥 㻣㻤㻚㻡 㻣㻢㻚㻡 㻔㼙㼙㻕 㻔㻝㻥㻤㻜㻛㻌㻤㻛㻞㻢㻕 㻔㻝㻥㻝㻤㻛㻌㻤㻛㻝㻡㻕 㻔㻝㻥㻠㻝㻛㻌㻢㻛㻞㻤㻕 㻔㻝㻥㻤㻜㻛㻌㻤㻛㻞㻣㻕 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻜㻛㻌㻤㻛㻝㻞㻕 ὶᇦࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ㝆㞵ᙉᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡚3ࡘࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ィ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ1ࡘ┠ࡢࢣ ࣮ࢫࡣி㒔ࡢ࢔࣓ࢲࢫほ Ⅼ࡛ィ ࡉࢀࡓ᭱኱1᫬㛫㞵㔞ࢆୖᅇࡿ1᫬㛫㞵㔞100mm/hrࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋ2ࡘ┠ࡣ ᪥ᮏ࡛グ㘓ࡋࡓ᭱኱1᫬㛫㞵㔞ࡣ153mm/hr࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢ್ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋ᭱ᚋࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ1ࡘ┠࡜2ࡘ┠ࡢ ࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ୰㛫ࡢ್࡛࠶ࡿ125mm/hrࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋ ΎỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡣྜ⌮ᘧ2)3)࡟࡚ồࡵࡓࠋὶฟಀᩘࡣᒣᆅὶᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ0.7࡜タᐃࡋࠊࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࢆ⟬ ฟࡋࡓࠋ

frA

Q

p

6

.

3

1

                      (1) ࡇࡇ࡛㸸ΎỈࡢὶ㔞(m3_/s)ࠊ

f

㸸ὶฟಀᩘ(=0.7)ࠊ

_r

㸸㝆㞵ᙉᗘ(mm/hr)ࠊ

_A

㸸ὶᇦ㠃✚(km2_{)ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ} ᘧ(1)࡛♧ࡋࡓὶ㔞ࡣΎỈࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡣࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞್࡜࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑ ࡇ࡛ࠊᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡣୗグࡢᘧ4)_{࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ồࡵࡓࠋ} p d sp

Q

C

C

C

Q

˜



* * _{                    (2)} ࡇࡇ࡛

_Q

_sp㸸ᅵ▼ὶࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞(m3/s)ࠊ

_C

_*㸸῱ᗋሁ✚ᅵ◁ࡢᐜ✚ᅵ◁⃰ᗘ(=0.65)ࠊ

_C

_d㸸ᅵ▼ὶ⃰ᗘ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋᅵ▼ὶ⃰ᗘࡣୗグࡢᖹ⾮⃰ᗘᘧ5)࡛ồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡍࡿࠋ

)

tan

)(tan

(

tan

T

I

U

V



U

T



d

C

                   (3) ᮏ῱ὶ࡟ᖹ⾮⃰ᗘᘧࢆ㐺ᛂࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ

_C

_dࡀ 0.3 ࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᅵ▼ὶ⃰ᗘࡣ

_C

_d=0.3ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ỏ ℃ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ୖグࡢ᮲௳ࡢࡶ࡜࡛ࢆᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ 3 ࡘࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᅵ▼ὶࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࢆồࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ⾲ 2 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ⾲ 2 ࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞࠾ࡼࡧᅵ▼ὶࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞

Case1 Case2 Case3 㝆㞵ᙉᗘ(mm/hr) 100 125 153 䝢䞊䜽ὶ㔞(m3/s) 0.58 0.73 0.89 ᅵ▼ὶ䝢䞊䜽ὶ㔞(m3/s) 1.17 1.46 1.79

㸲㸬 ᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒ

ᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒࡢᴫせ ᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒࡣỗ⏝ᅵ▼ὶࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱ࡛࠶ࡿ Kanako2D6)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊΎỈᑎᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ࡢ ண ィ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋKanako2D ࡣᅵ▼ὶࡢὶୗ࣭Ⓨ㐩ᇦ࡛࠶ࡿᛴ໙㓄㡿ᇦࢆ㸯ḟඖィ⟬࡛ࠊỏ℃ሁ✚༊㛫࡛ ࠶ࡿ⦆໙㓄㡿ᇦࢆ 2 ḟඖィ⟬࡛⾜࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢィ⟬⤖ᯝࢆ⤖ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊୖὶ㒊࠿ࡽỏ℃ᇦ࡟࠿ࡅ ࡚ࠊᅵ▼ὶࡢὶୗࠊⓎ㐩ࠊỏ℃ࠊሁ✚ࡢ⌧㇟ࢆィ⟬ྍ⬟࡞ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ  ィ⟬᮲௳ ỏ℃ゎᯒ࡟⏝࠸ࡓྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡣ⾲ 3 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋỏ℃ゎᯒ࡛ࡣ๓❶࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓᅵ▼ὶࣆ࣮ࢡὶ

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅵ▼ὶὶ㔞ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ㐣ཤࡢ⅏ᐖ஦౛ࢆࡶ࡜࡟᫬้ࢆ 3 ࢣ࣮ࢫ࡜ࡶྠ᫬้࡟タᐃࡋ࡚ࠊ୕ゅᙧ≧ ࡢࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࢢࣛࣇࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧ᆅ㋃ᰝ࠿ࡽࠊ୍ḟඖ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ῱ὶࡢ⦪᩿ᙧ≧࠾ࡼࡧἙ㐨ᖜࡣᅗ 3 ࠾ ࡼࡧᅗ 4 ࡢᵝ࡟タᐃࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ୍ḟඖ㡿ᇦࡢ᭱ୗὶ㒊࡟ࡣὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࢆฟຊࡍࡿほ Ⅼࢆタࡅࡓࠋ ⾲ 3 ィ⟬࡟⏝࠸ࡓࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ 䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍 ᩘ್ ィ⟬᫬㛫㻔⛊㻕 㻝㻤㻜㻜 ィ⟬䛾᫬㛫㛫㝸 (⛊) 㻜㻚㻜㻝 ⢏ᚄ㻌㻔㼙㻕 㻜㻚㻝 ◁♟䛾ᐦᗘ㻌㻔㼗㼓㻛㼙㻟㻕 㻞㻢㻡㻜 ὶయ┦ᐦᗘ㻌㻔㼗㼓㻛㼙㻟㻕 㻝㻝㻤㻜 Ἑᗋ䛾ᐜ✚⃰ᗘ 㻜㻚㻢 㔜ຊຍ㏿ᗘ 㻥㻚㻤 ౵㣗㏿ᗘಀᩘ 㻜㻚㻜㻜㻜㻣 ሁ✚㏿ᗘಀᩘ 㻜㻚㻜㻡 䝬䝙䞁䜾䛾⢒ᗘಀᩘ 㻜㻚㻜㻟 䠍ḟඖ㡿ᇦィ⟬Ⅼಶᩘ䚷 㻟㻝 䠍ḟඖ䛾ィ⟬Ⅼ㛫㝸䚷㻔㼙㻕 㻝㻜 㻞ḟඖ䛾ィ⟬䜾䝸䝑䝗ᩘ 㻢㻜㽢㻢㻜 㻞ḟඖ䛾㼤᪉ྥィ⟬Ⅼ㛫㝸䚷㻔㼙㻕 㻝㻜 㻞ḟඖ䛾㼥᪉ྥィ⟬Ⅼ㛫㝸䚷㻔㼙㻕 _㻝㻜 ᅗ 3 ᑐ㇟῱ὶ⦪᩿ᙧ≧ ᅗ 4 ᑐ㇟῱ὶࡢἙ㐨ᖜ ᅗ 2 ධຊࡋࡓࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࢢࣛࣇ

ィ⟬⤖ᯝ࣭⪃ᐹ ᅗ 5~ᅗ 7 ࡣ୍ḟඖ㡿ᇦࡢ᭱ୗὶⅬ࡟タࡅࡓほ Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋὶ㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡣධຊࡋࡓࣁ࢖ࢻࣟࢢࣛࣇࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝ࠊ୍ḟඖ㡿ᇦࡢ᭱ୗὶⅬ࡛ࡢὶ㔞ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋὶ ◁㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝ࠊࣆ࣮ࢡࡢὶ◁㔞ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓ ࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ1 ᫬㛫㝆㞵㔞ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿ࡟కࡗ࡚ࠊ῱ὶࡢᅵ▼ὶὶ㔞ࡀቑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᅗ 8 ࡣᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ Case3 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 2 ḟඖィ⟬㡿ᇦࡢሁ◁㔞ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ ୰ࡢ㉥࠸෇ࡀΎỈᑎࡢᮏᇽࡀ࠶ࡿሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ 8 ࠿ࡽ 1 ᫬㛫㞵㔞ࡀ 150mm ࢆ㉺࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㝆㞵ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ ࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶᅵ▼ὶࡣΎỈᑎᮏᇽ࿘㎶࡟ࡣ฿㐩ࡏࡎࠊࡑࡢ┤ୖ࡟࡚ሁ✚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢሁ✚ཌࡶ᭱ࡶ኱ ࡁ࠸ሙᡤ࡛ 0.3m ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅵ▼ὶࡀ 2 ḟඖ㡿ᇦ࡟ᗈࡃỏ℃ࡋ࡞࠸ཎᅉࡣࠊୖὶࡢ῱ὶࡀ ⦆໙㓄࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᅵ◁ࡀ῱ὶࢆὶࢀୗࡽࡎ࡟ሁ✚ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊὶᇦ㠃✚ࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࣆ࣮ࢡὶ 㔞ࡀࡉ࡯࡝኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡽࡎࠊỏ℃ᇦ࡛ᅵ◁ࢆὶୗࡉࡏࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ィ⟬⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊΎỈᑎᮏᇽࡢᮾഃ῱ὶ࡛ࡣ㐣ཤࡢ㝆㞵グ㘓ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㝆㞵ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾᅵ▼ὶࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ ሙྜ࡟ࡶࠊΎỈᑎቃෆ࡟ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞⿕ᐖࢆཬࡰࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠸࡜ண ࡉࢀࡿࠋ 1 ᫬㛫㞵㔞ࡀ 150mm ࢆ㉺࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㝆㞵㔞ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊΎỈᑎࡢ⫼㠃ᩳ㠃ࡢᔂቯࡸὥỈỏ℃ࡀⓎ ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ㧗ࡲࡿࠋΎỈᑎᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ㐣ཤࡢ㝆㞵࡟࡚ᩳ㠃ᔂቯࡸὥỈỏ℃࡟ࡼࡿ⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᅵ▼ὶ࡟ࡼࡿ⅏ᐖࡼࡾࡶⓎ⏕ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸࡜ண ࡉࢀࡿࠋ௒ᚋࠊΎỈᑎᆅᇦ࡛⅏ᐖᑐ⟇ࢆ᪋ࡍ࡟ࡣࠊᩳ㠃 ᔂቯࡸὥỈỏ℃࡟ࡼࡿ⅏ᐖࢆ㜵Ṇ࣭㍍ῶࡍࡿᑐ⟇ࢆඃඛࡋ࡚⾜࠺࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ᅗ 5 Case1 ᅵ▼ὶ඲యࡢὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀ ᅗ 6 Case2 ᅵ▼ὶ඲యࡢὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀ ᅗ 7 Case3 ᅵ▼ὶ඲యࡢὶ㔞࡜ὶ◁㔞ࡢ㛵ಀ

㸳㸬 ⤖ㄽ

ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣி㒔ᗓி㒔ᕷ࡟࠶ࡿΎỈᑎ࡬ὶධࡍࡿᮾഃ῱ὶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㝆㞵ὶฟ㔞ࡢண ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊண ࡋࡓ ᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࢆࡶ࡜࡟Kanako2D࡟ࡼࡿᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᑐ㇟῱ὶࡣὶᇦ㠃✚ࡀẚ㍑ⓗ ᑠࡉ࡞ὶᇦ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㞵Ỉࡢὶฟ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᅵ▼ὶࡢࣆ࣮ࢡὶ㔞ࡣࡉ࡯࡝኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ⦆໙㓄ࡢ῱ὶ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ῱ὶୖ㒊࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᅵ▼ὶࡣ῱ὶୖ࡟ሁ✚ࡲࡓࡣΎỈᑎቃෆࡢ ┤ୖ࡟࡚ሁ✚ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊΎỈᑎࡢቃෆ࡟ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝฿㐩ࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅵ▼ὶࡢሁ✚ཌࡣ᭱ࡶ㝆㞵 㔞ࡢ኱ࡁ࠸153mmࡢࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡛0.3m⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊΎỈᑎቃෆ࡟⿕ᐖࢆ୚࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ ప࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 1) ி㒔ᗓᘓタ஺㏻㒊◁㜵ㄢ㸸ᅵ◁⅏ᐖ㆙ᡄ⟠ᡤⅬ᳨࣐ࢵࣉ㸪2004. 2) ᅜᅵ஺㏻┬ ᅜᅵᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸸◁㜵ᇶᮏィ⏬⟇ᐃᣦ㔪(ᅵ▼ὶ࣭ὶᮌᑐ⟇⦅)ゎㄝ㸪2007. 3) Ỉᒣ㧗ஂ࣭℩ᑿඞ⨾㸸ᒣᆅᑠὶᇦࡢὥỈ฿㐩᫬㛫࠾ࡼࡧ▷᫬㛫㝆㞵ᙉᗘ࡜⥅⥆᫬㛫ࡢ㛵ಀ㸪◁㜵Ꮫ఍ㄅ㸪Vol.37㸪 No.3㸪pp.20-22㸪1984. 4) ⰱ⏣࿴⏨࣭㧗ᶫಖ࣭⃝⏣㇏᫂㸸ᒣᆅὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿฟỈ࡜ᅵ◁ὶฟ-5-✑㧗◁㜵ほ ᡤࡢほ ⤖ᯝ㸪ி኱㜵⅏◊ᖺሗ㸪 19-B㸪pp.345-360㸪1976. 5) 㧗ᶫಖ㸸ᅵ▼ὶࡢⓎ⏕࡜ὶືࡢᶵᵓ㸪ᅵ࡜ᇶ♏㸪Vol26㸪No.6㸪pp.45-50㸪1978. 6) ◁㜵࣭ᆅࡍ࡭ࡾࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸Kanako2D Ver.2.01 ฼⏝࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ㸪2010. ᅗ 8 ᅵ▼ὶỏ℃ゎᯒ㡿ᇦࡢሁ✚≧ἣ (m) ΎỈᑎᮏᇽ ỏ℃ᇦࡢィ⟬⠊ᅖ