Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟 Vol. 5㸦2011ᖺ7᭶㸧 ࠙ㄽᩥࠚ
ᩥ㑇⏘㜵⅏ࡢࡓࡵࡢṔྐ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ
⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
A Study of Traffic Management for Disaster Mitigation of Heritages in Historical City
Ᏻ 㝯ᾈ
1࣭ሯཱྀ༤ྖ
2࣭ஂୗ⣪⥴㔛
3࣭ᑠᕝᆂ୍
4Yoongho Ahn, Hiroshi Tsukaguchi, Saori Kuge and Keiichi Ogawa
1❧㤋Ꮫ G-COE ࣏ࢫࢻࢡ◊✲ဨ㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
G-COE PD Research Fellow, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
2❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
3❧㤋ᏛᏛ㝔 ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㐀⌮ᕤᏛᑓᨷ㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Master Student, Ritsumeikan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering
4❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧
Associate Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
There are many historical heritages in Kyoto and over 50 million tourists a year have been visited in this sightseeing city. But, there are many active faults for example Hanaore fault. So many researchers expect a big earthquake will be happened in the near future. Therefore heritage mitigation in this city is needed. We estimated traffic situation during disasters by person trip survey data and questionnaire data about traffic behaviors on disasters. And we studied traffic management in a network near Kennin temple. We found traffic congestion was improved by restricting inflow traffic into Kyoto.
Keywords : traffic management, disaster mitigation, heritages, historical city
㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᩘከࡃࡢᩥ㈈ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿṔྐ㒔ᕷࠊி㒔ᕷࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡍࡿ ᳨ウࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࠋࡇࢀࡣ㜵⅏ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ഃ㠃ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿᩥ㑇⏘㜵⅏╔┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊி 㒔ᕷࡣᖺ㛫5000ேࡢほගᐈࡀゼࢀࡿほග㒔ᕷ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊி㒔ᕷࡣᮾⰼᢡ᩿ᒙࠊ༡ᮾ᱈ᒣ ᩿ᒙࠊ༡すᶔཎ᩿ᒙ࡞ࡢά᩿ᒙࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊᑗ᮶ⓗつᶍ࡞ᆅ㟈ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊྂࡃ ࡽఏ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿఏ⤫ᐙᒇࡀከࡃࠊࡑࡢࢇࡀᮌ㐀ᘓ≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᖜဨࡀ⊃࠸㐨㊰ࡶከࡃṧࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࢀࡤከ࡞⿕ᐖࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊᅜᐆࡸ㔜せᩥ㈈ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩥ㑇⏘ࡀ ኻࢃࢀࡿᜍࢀࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ⅏ᐖᩥ㑇⏘ࡢ⿕ᐖࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡋ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࡇ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ᪉ἲࡋ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ≧ែࢆ᥎ᐃࡋ࡚⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻≧ἣࢆᢕ ᥱࡋࠊࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ⟠ᡤࡢ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ 㸰㸬ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦᑐ㇟㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ
⾲㸯 ி㒔ᕷෆࡢᩥ㈈ᩘ㸦ᅜᐆࠊ㔜せᩥ㈈ࡢࡳ㸧 ⾜ᨻ༊ ༊ ୖி༊ ᕥி༊ ୰ி༊ ᮾᒣ༊ ᒣ⛉༊ ୗி༊ ༡༊ ྑி༊ すி༊ అぢ༊ ᅜᐆ 5 2 4 1 8 - 5 5 3 - 7 㔜せ ᩥ㈈ 23 8 19 3 45 2 9 9 21 3 16 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᅗ1♧ࡍୖி༊ࠊ୰ி༊ࠊୗி༊ࠊᮾᒣ༊ࡢ㸲༊ࢆࡼࡾ⢭⦓࡞㏻≧ἣᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵ㑅ᢥ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊୖி༊ࠊ୰ி༊ࠊୗி༊ࡣி㒔ᕷࡢ୰ᚰ㒊⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤒῭άືࡀάⓎ⾜ࢃࢀ ࡿᕷෆ୰ᚰᆅࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ3༊ࡣி㒔ᕷࡢ㒔ᕷάືࡢ୰ᚰᆅ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢜ࣇࢫࠊၟᗑ⾤ࠊ㣧 㣗ᗑ࡞ࡀ㞟୰ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୍᪉࡛ほගᐈ࡛㈰ࢃ࠺ሙᡤ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ⾲㸯1)♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺ࠊᮾᒣ༊ࡣ ᅜᐆࠊ㔜せᩥ㈈➼࠸ࡗࡓᩥ㑇⏘ࡀᩘከࡃ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞㸲༊ࡢ⅏ᐖ ㏻≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊேࡀ㞟ࡲࡿࡇࢁᩥ㑇⏘ࡀᐦ㞟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁࡢ㜵⅏ࢆྠ⪃៖ࡍ ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡢᢳฟ ி㒔ᕷᏑᅾࡍࡿࡍ࡚ࡢ㐨㊰࠾ࡅࡿ㏻≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᑠᕝ࣭ ሯཱྀࡽ ࡼࡿி㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿᩥ㑇⏘㜵⅏ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞㐨㊰༊㛫ࡢᢳฟ᪉ἲࢆ⏝ࡋࠊி㒔ᕷෆࡢᩥ 㑇⏘㜵⅏ୖࡢ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࢆᢳฟࡋࡓࠋ ⅏ᐖ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ ሯཱྀ࣭ᑠᕝࡽ ࡣࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡽࡳࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢಽቯࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡢ⟬ᐃ᪉ἲ㛵 ࡋ࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᏳ࣭ሯཱྀࡽ ࡣࠊୖグࡢ᮲௳ࡢୖࠊἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢᘏ↝≧ἣࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟ ⋡ࢆ⟬ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⅏ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠊ㛢ሰࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㐨㊰༊㛫ࢆࡇࢀࡽ᪤ ◊✲ࡢ୰ࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡢࡳ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ2㸬(2)࡛㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡋ࡚ᢳฟࡉࢀ ࡓ㐨㊰࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡀP௨ୗࡢ⊃࠸㐨㊰ࡣẚ㍑ⓗᑡ࡞ࡃࠊሯཱྀ࣭ᑠᕝ ࡽࡢ◊✲ࡼࢀࡤࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨ ࡀP௨ୖࡢ㐨㊰࡛ࡣࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡢࡳ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ ࡁ࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᑐ㇟ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ᑐ㇟ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡋ࡚ࡣࠊୖグࡢ༊ࡢ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦእࡢⓎ⏕㞟୰ ㏻㔞ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ༊ࡢቃ⏺⥺ࡼࡾእഃࡢᆅᇦ࠶ࡿࣜࣥࢡ୍ࡘศࡢ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࢆྵࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍ ᅗ ி㒔ᕷ༊ ᅗ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ
⯡ⓗࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦእ⨨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰ࣜࣥࢡࡣࢲ࣑࣮ࣜࣥࢡࡋ࡚ᢅ࠺ࡀࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦእࡢ㏻㟂せࡀࢿࢵ ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ┤᥋ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠊᝏᙳ㡪ࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡵࡿࡓࡵࠊ㏻㓄ศࢆ⾜࠺㝿ࠊࡇࢀࡽࣜࣥࢡࢆᐇࣜ ࣥࢡࡋ࡚ᢅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦௨ୗࠊࡇࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᇦࡪ㸧ࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᇦෆࢰ࣮ࣥࡣᖹᡂᖺᗘࡢᑠᏛᰯ༊ࡋࠊྜィࢰ࣮ࣥࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺࣟࢻࡣᑠᏛᰯ ⨨ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ༊௨እࡣಶࡢࢲ࣑࣮ࢰ࣮ࣥศࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗࡣᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ♧ࡍࠋᖹᖖ ࡣࡇࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡍ࡚ࡢ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡀ⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊ⅏ᐖࡣ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㛢ሰࡉࢀࡿ 㐨㊰ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡶࠊ⥭ᛴ㌴୧⏝ࡢ㐨㊰ࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⥭ᛴ㍺㏦㐨㊰ࡢᐜ㔞ࢆㄪ⠇ࡋࡓ㸦ヲ⣽ࡣᚋ㏙ ࡍࡿ㸧ࠋ 㸱㸬ᖹᖖ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃ ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃ᪉ἲ ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᖹᖖࡢ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃ᪉ἲࡋ࡚ᗈ⠊ᅖ୍࡛⯡ⓗ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ4ẁ㝵㏻㟂せ᥎ ᐃ᪉ἲࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊᖹᖖࡢ㏻㟂せࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㝿ᚲせ࡞ᇶᮏࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ➨4ᅇி㜰⚄㒔ᕷᅪࣃ࣮ࢯ ࣥࢺࣜࢵࣉㄪᰝ㸦௨ୗPTㄪᰝ㸧ࢹ࣮ࢱ5)ࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏻㟂せࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ㛫ᖏࡣ㏻࣭㏻Ꮫࡀከ࠸ 㛫ࢆᐃࡋ࡚8ྎタᐃࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊศᯒࡢ⢭⦓ࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ⏝ࡋࡓศᕸ㏻㔞㓄ศ㏻㔞㛵ࡍ ࡿ᥎ィ᪉ἲ㛵ࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࢆ㏣ຍࡍࡿࠋ D ศᕸ㏻㔞 ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦෆ࠾ࡅࡿศᕸ㏻㔞ࡣࠊᅇᖐศᯒࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᘧ1♧ࡋࡓ㔜ຊࣔࢹࣝࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ㸦kࠊࠊࠊ 㸧ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓᚋࠊࡑࡢᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚ồࡵࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊࢺࣜࢵࣉ࢚ࣥࢻ᮲௳ࡀྜࢃ࡞࠸ሙྜࢆ⪃៖ࡋࠊࣇ࣮ࣞ ࢱἲ6) ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ಟṇࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࣇ࣮ࣞࢱἲࡣᑐ㇟ᆅᇦᇦ࡛⾜࠺ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ⾜ᨻ༊༢࡛⾜࠺ࡇ ࡼࡾࠊ⢭ᗘࡢྥୖࢆᅗࡗࡓࠋ ᘧ1 E 㓄ศ㏻㔞 ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㓄ศ㏻㔞ࡣ⏝⪅ᆒ⾮㓄ศ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺Frank-Wolfeἲ7) 㸦௨ୗFWἲ㸧ࢆ࠺ࠋFWἲ ࡣ⏝ࡉࢀࡿ⤒㊰ࡣⓙᡤせ㛫ࡀྠࡌ࡞ࡾࠊ㐜࠸⤒㊰ࡣ⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺㓄ศࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ ࠊ᮰ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡣ⏝⪅ᆒ⾮≧ែࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊẚ㍑ⓗ⢭ᗘࡀⰋ࠸࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᮰᮲௳ࡣ ࡚ࡢࣜࣥࢡ࠾ࡅࡿ⥲㏻㔞ᑐࡍࡿ๓ᅇࡢ㏻㔞ᅇࡢ㏻㔞ࡢ⤯ᑐ್ㄗᕪ㸦౽ᐅୖࡢᖹ᪉᰿ࢆ ⏝㸧ࡢྜィ್ࡢẚ⋡ࡀ0.002%௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋᘧ2᮰᮲௳ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪉ྥูࣜࣥࢡࢆ༊ู ࡋ࡚㓄ศࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡍࡿࠋ ᘧ2 ᖹᖖ㓄ศ㏻㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝ 㓄ศ㏻㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࡀᐇ㝿ࡢ㏻≧ἣࢆࡼࡃ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ ್࡛࠶ࡿᖹᡂ 17ᖺᗘ㐨㊰㏻ࢭࣥࢧࢫࡢ༊㛫㏻㔞8)ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㐨㊰㏻ࢭࣥࢧࢫࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡣࠊࢱࢡࢩ࣮ࠊࢺ ࣛࢵࢡ➼ࡢႠᴗ㌴୧ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢᑐࡋࠊPTㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱࡣႠᴗ㌴୧ࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ୧ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ┤᥋ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᐇ ್ࡢᩚྜᛶࢆྲྀࡿࡓࡵࠊ㐨㊰㏻ࢭࣥࢧࢫࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࣆ࣮ࢡࡢ⏝㌴୧㈌≀㌴୧ࡢྎᩘࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊႠᴗ㌴୧ࡢΰྜ⋡ࢆ᳨ウࡓ⤖ᯝࠊ㓄 ศ㛫ᖏ࡛࠶ࡿ8ྎ࠾ࡅࡿ㈌≀㌴ࡢΰྜ⋡ࡣ20㸣⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ㏻㔞ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ20㸣ࡀ ㈌≀㌴୧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ8ྎࡢOD㏻㔞ࢆ1.25ಸࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆࠊႠᴗ㌴୧ࢆྵࡵࡓ8ྎ᥎ᐃ್ᐃࡋࠊ ᐇ ್ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ3♧ࡍࠋ ᅗ3ࢆぢࢀࡤࢃࡿࡼ࠺ࠊయⓗᐇ ್㏆࠸⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗࡓࠋႠᴗ㌴୧ࡢΰྜ⋡ࡀ20㸣⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ┦㛵ಀᩘࡣ0.744࡞ࡾࠊ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࠊᐇ㝿ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ㏻≧ἣࢆ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ
ᅗ3 ᐇ ್᥎ᐃ್ࡢẚ㍑ ᅗ4 ᖹᖖ8ྎ࠾ࡅࡿ᪑⾜㏿ᗘ ᅗ4ࡣࠊ᥎ᐃࡋࡓᖹᖖ㓄ศ㏻㔞ᑐࡍࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ༊㛫㏿ᗘࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㆙ᐹᗇ࠾ࡼࡧᅜᅵ ㏻┬ࡼࡿࠕ㐨㊰㏻ሗࡢᥦ౪ࡢᅾࡾ᪉㛵ࡍࡿᇶᮏⓗ⪃࠼᪉ࠖ9) ࡼࡾ᪑⾜㏿ᗘࡀ10km/h௨ୗࡢࣜࣥࢡ ࢆࠊ20km/h௨ୗࢆΰ㞧ᐃ⩏ࡋࠊ4༊ࡢ㏻≧ἣࢆⰍ࡛⾲⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋⰍࡀ㉥ࡃ࡞ࡿ㏿ᗘࡣపࡃࠊ ୍᪉ࠊ㟷ࡃ࡞ࡿ㏿ᗘࡣ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚ࠊ4༊ࡢࣜࣥࢡࡣ9ᡤࠊΰ㞧ࣜࣥࢡࡣ33ᡤ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 㸲㸬⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃ ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃࡢὶࢀ ⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻㟂せࡢ᥎ᐃࡣࠊᴫࡡᖹᖖྠᵝPTㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ⏝ࡍࡿ ࡀࠊ⅏ᐖࡢ㏻㟂せࡣᖹᖖ␗࡞ࡿࡇࡀᐜ᫆ീࡉࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡶἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢಽቯ➼ ࡼࡾ࠶ࡿ༊㛫ࡀ᩿⤯ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㛢㙐ࡉࢀࡿ㐨㊰༊㛫ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ ᐃࡋࠊ㓄ศ㏻㔞ࢆồࡵ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せ᥎ᐃࡢὶࢀࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊ㟈⅏Ⓨ⏕ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻㟂せࢆண ࡋࠊ⅏ᐖ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ ㏻㔞ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࠋḟࠊタᐃࡋࡓ⅏ᐖࡢ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࠾࠸࡚㓄ศィ⟬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡛ࠊ⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅ ࡿ⮬ື㌴㏻㔞ཬࡧ⟠ᡤ➼ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࠋ D ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せ ⅏ᐖࡢ㏻㟂せࢆண ࡍࡿࡣ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕ࡽࡢ㛫⤒㐣ࡶேࠎࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࡀኚࡋࠊࡇࢀకࡗ࡚ ㏻⾜ືࡀኚࡍࡿࡇࢆ༑ศ␃ពࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ㟈⅏┤ᚋ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㟈⅏๓ࡢᆅᇦ ࡢ⛬ᗘࡢேᩘࡀ␃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡋᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ⮬ື㌴㏻㟂せࡀࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡞ࡿ 㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣண ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ㟈⅏Ⓨ⏕ࡽ㏆࠸ᮇ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡘ⮬ື㌴㏻㟂 せࡀண ࡛ࡁࡿ㟈⅏Ⓨ⏕ࡽ2᪥ᚋ⛬ᗘ㛵ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋ⅏ᐖࡢ㏻⾜ື㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ㜰 ⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏ࡢᐇែㄪᰝ10)ி㒔ᕷẸࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࡢ⤖ᯝࢆཧ⪃11)ࡋࡓࠋ⅏ᐖࡢ⮬ື㌴㏻⾜ື ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊ㑊㞴࣭Ᏻྰ☜ㄆ࣭≧ἣᢕᥱ➼ࡢ㏻㔞ࡀቑຍࡍࡿࡇࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊほග࣭㈙ ࠸≀➼ࡢ㏻㔞ࡣῶᑡࡍࡿࡇࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋ E ⅏ᐖ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ⅏ᐖ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᘓ≀ࡸ㐨㊰ᵓ㐀≀ࡢಽቯࠊ㐨㊰⮬యࡢᦆቯ➼ࡼࡾ⮳ࡿᡤ࡛⿕⅏ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡞ࡾࠊ⏝࡛ ࡁࡿ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀ㝈ࡽࢀࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ2㸬(3)࡛๓㏙ࡋࡓ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㐨㊰㛢ሰ⟠ᡤࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ⅏ᐖࡢ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆタᐃࡍࡿࠋ ⅏ᐖ⮬ື㌴㏻㔞ࡢ⟬ฟ 㜰⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏ࡢᐇែㄪᰝࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࡽࠊᖹᖖ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⾜ື┠ⓗࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⅏ᐖ
࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ⥅⥆ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢࡣฟ┠ⓗࡰ㝈ࡽࢀࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊPT ㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ฟ┠ⓗࡢ㏻ᡭẁ㏻㔞ࢆồࡵࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ㜰⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏ࡢᐇែㄪᰝ)ཬࡧி㒔ᕷẸࣥ ࢣ࣮ࢺࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚㟈⅏ 2 ᪥┠࠾ࡅࡿ้ᖏู⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࢆồࡵࡿࠋ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㟈⅏ 2 ᪥┠࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࡣᖹᖖ࠾ࡅࡿ┠ⓗ㏻ᡭẁ㏻㔞ࡢ 5.8%㹼 22.6%ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡞ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊ㟈⅏ 2 ᪥┠ࡢ 8 ྎ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࡣࠊᖹᖖ ࠾ࡅࡿ┠ⓗ㏻ᡭẁ㏻㔞ࡢ 0.53%㹼2.06%ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡞ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ி㒔ᕷẸࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࠾࠸࡚㏻⾜ពᛮࢆㄪࡿࠊ⮬Ꮿ࿘㎶࡛ࡢ⿕ᐖࡀࡁ࠸㏻ࢺࣜࢵࣉࡣῶᑡࡋࠊ ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ┠ⓗ㏻ᡭẁ㏻㔞ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋྠᵝࠊ⿕ᐖࡀᑠࡉ࠸㏻ࢺࣜࢵࣉࡣቑ ࡋࠊ┠ⓗ㏻㔞ࡣቑࡍࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ⅏ᐖⓎ⏕࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ⿕ᐖࡀ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘᏑ ᅾࡍࡿᛮ࠼ࡿࡀࠊࡢ⮬Ꮿ࿘㎶ࡢ≧ἣࡀၥ㢟┤㠃ࡍࡿࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ3 ⠇࡛グ㏙ࡍࡿ㐨㊰㛢ሰᇶ‽ ࡛࠶ࡿ☜⋡ 0.5 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⮬Ꮿ࿘㎶ࡢ≧ἣၥ㢟ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤฟࡍࡿពᛮࡢ࠶ࡿேࡢ⣙༙ศࡀฟࡋࡓ௬ ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㟈⅏ 2 ᪥┠ࡢ 8 ྎ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࡢྜࡣ 1.30%࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ್ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ⅏ᐖ 8 ྎࡢ⮬ື㌴㏻㔞ࢆồࡵࡓࡇࢁࠊᖹᖖࡢ⮬ື㌴㏻㔞ࡢ⣙ 73%࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖ 8 ྎ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࡣᖹᖖ 8 ྎ⮬ື㌴ศᕸ㏻㔞ࡢ 73%࡛࠶ࡿタᐃࡋࠊ㓄ศ㏻㔞ࢆồࡵࡿࡇ ࡍࡿࠋ ⅏ᐖ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ⅏ᐖࡢி㒔ᕷෆ࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ⿕ᐖ≧ἣࡢタᐃࡣ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ࠺ࠋᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚⏝ ࠸ࡿ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡣࠊⰼᢡ᩿ᒙᆅ㟈ࡀி㒔ᕷᾘ㜵ᒁࡢタᐃࡋࡓ㟈ᗘ 7 ࡞ࡿሙྜࢆᐃࡋ࡚ồࡵࡽࢀࡓ㏻⾜ྍ ⬟⋡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆி㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿྛࣜࣥࢡࡢ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡼࡗ࡚ࡾᙜ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖ㛢ሰࡍࡿࣜࣥࢡࢆ㑅ᐃ ࡍࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㐨㊰ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࡀẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࠸⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠊ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡀ 0.5 ௨ୖࡢࣜࣥ ࢡࡢࡳ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛⅏ᐖ㏻㓄ศࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡁࠊ㛢ሰࣜࣥࢡᩘࡣᇦ࡛ 127ࣜࣥࢡࠊ4 ༊࡛ 68 ࣜࣥࢡ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࠕி㒔ᕷࡢ࡞♫ᇶ┙ࠖ1)ࡼࢀࡤࠊ⅏ᐖࡣ⥭ᛴ㌴୧ ࡀඃඛⓗ㉮⾜࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ி㒔ᕷࡀ⥭ᛴ㍺㏦㐨㊰ࢆ☜ಖࡋࠊ୍⯡㏻つไࢆࡅࡿࠋࡇࡢ≧ែࢆ⌧ࡍ ࡿࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ➨ 1 ḟ⥭ᛴ㍺㏦㐨㊰࠾ࡼࡧ➨ 2 ḟ⥭ᛴ㍺㏦㐨㊰つไࡀࡗࡓࡋࠊࡇࡢ⥭ᛴ㍺㏦㐨 ㊰࠶ࡓࡿ㐨㊰ࡣ 1 ㌴⥺ศࡢ㏻ᐜ㔞ࢆ๐㝖ࡋࡓࠋ 㓄ศ㏻㔞ࡢ᥎ᐃ⤖ᯝ 㓄ศ᪉ἲࡣᖹᖖྠᵝࠊFW ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚᥎ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 5 ♧ࡍࠋ㛢ሰࣜࣥࢡࡣⅬ⥺࡛ ⾲♧ࡋࠊᖹᖖྠᵝⰍ࡛᪑⾜㏿ᗘࢆ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ4 ༊࠾ࡅࡿࣜࣥࢡᩘࡣᖹᖖẚ 5 ಶቑ࠼ࠊ14 ಶ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓΰ㞧ࣜࣥࢡᩘࡣᖹᖖẚ 115 ಶቑ࠼ࠊ148 ಶ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᅗ 5 ࡼࢀࡤࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ እ࿘㒊࠾࠸࡚ࡀከࡃⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᅜᐆ࣭㔜せᩥ㈈࡞ࡀከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿᮾᒣ༊ ࠾࠸࡚ࣜࣥࢡࡀከᩘ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋ 㸳㸬⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ ⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡢ⪃࠼᪉ ᮏ◊✲࠾࠸࡚ࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡢᇦᑐࡋ࡚㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡢࡣ⌧ᐇⓗᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣓ࢹࢆ ㏻ࡌ࡚㏻㟂せࡢᢚไࢆಁࡍࡇࡣྍ⬟࡛ࡣ࠶ࢁ࠺ࡀࠊி㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿᖐᏯᅔ㞴⪅ࡸᏳྰ☜ㄆ㏻ࢆࡍ࡚ ⤫ไࡍࡿࡇࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛㏙ࡓࡼ࠺ࠊᩥ㑇⏘ࢆᏲࡿ࠸࠺ほⅬࡽ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ ࣥࢺࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲࡛㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ⾜࠺ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡣ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿࡢᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡼࡾ⊃ࡵ ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㏻㟂せࢆㄪ⠇ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡀࠊ ࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࡣయࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡཬࡪணࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡑࡢࡶࡢࢆ⊃ࡵࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡼࡾ ࡣ㔜Ⅼⓗほᐹࡍࡿሙᡤࢆ⊃ࡵࡓ࠸࠼ࡿࠋ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ
ᅗ5 ⅏ᐖ8ྎ࠾ࡅࡿ᪑⾜㏿ᗘ ᅗ6 ᑐ㇟ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ D ᴫせ ᑐ㇟ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡣᘓோᑎ࿘㎶ࡢ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ᘓோᑎࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⾤㊰ࡼࡾᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ 6ࡑࡢ⨨㛵ಀࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅄ᮲㏻ᮾ㊰㏻ࠊඵᆏ㏻ࠊᯇཎ㏻ࠊ㊰㏻ࡣ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫 ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ6␒ࠊ7␒ࠊ8␒ࠊ9␒19␒ࠊ20␒ࡣ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ᒓࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࣜࣥࢡࡣ㐨㊰ᖜ ဨࡀ⊃ࡃࠊἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢ≧ἣࡼࡾ㏻⾜ࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡿሙྜࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ2㸬(3)࡛グ㏙ࡋࡓ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡢ ࡳ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢ≧ἣࡶ⪃៖ࡋࡓ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ4 ༊ෆࡍ࡚ࡢἢ㐨ᘓ≀ࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡣᅔ㞴࡞ࡓࡵࠊୖி༊ࢆᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡋࡓሯཱྀ࣭ᑠᕝ3) ࡢ◊✲ࢆ ཧ⪃ࡋ࡚ࠊ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࣜࣥࢡࡣ㏻㓄ศィ⟬ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ㏻ ⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆపࡃࡍࡿ࠸࠺௬ᐃୗࠊ㛢ሰࣜࣥࢡࡉࡏ࡚㏻㓄ศィ⟬ࡣᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡞࠸ࡼ࠺タᐃࡋࡓࠋ E 㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡣࠊ➨2❶࡛ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡢ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ⏝ࡍࡿࠋࡋ ࡋࠊୖグࡋࡓࡼ࠺ࠊ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࣜࣥࢡ㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊሯཱྀ࣭ᑠᕝ3)ࡢ◊✲ࢆཧ⪃ࡋ࡚㏻⾜ྍ⬟ ⋡ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㐨㊰ᖜဨࡀ4m௨ୗ㐨㊰ࡢ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡣ0.2௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᩘ್ࢆཧ ⪃ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡼࡾప࠸ᩘ್タᐃࡋࡓࠋ⾲2㐨㊰ࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ F 㛢ሰࣜࣥࢡ ⅏ᐖ㛢ሰࡉࢀࡿࣜࣥࢡࡣ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡀ0.6௨ୗタᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᅄ᮲㏻ࠊᮾ㊰㏻ࢆ㝖࠸ࡓ ࡚ࡢࣜࣥࢡࡀ㛢ሰࡍࡿ⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᘓோᑎ┤᥋⾜ࡅࡿ⤒㊰ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ㏻㟂せ ࢆㄪ⠇ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾ㛢ሰࡉࢀࡓ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡢᪧࡀ᭱ࡢㄢ㢟࡞ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡶࡋࠊ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࡀ ⾲2 㐨㊰ࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ ࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ ࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ 2 0.51 15 0.98 3 0.51 16 1.00 6 0.10 17 1.00 7 0.10 19 0.10 8 0.10 20 0.10 9 0.10 22 0.15 11 0.95 23 0.15 12 1.00 26 0.59 13 0.98 27 0.56 14 0.97 - -
0.5௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࣜࣥࢡࡀ㛢ሰࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺タᐃࡍࢀࡤࠊ㊰㏻ᯇཎ㏻ࡀṧࡿࡀࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡏࡼࠊᘓோ ᑎࡣ⾜ࡅ࡞࠸ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡋ᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡼࡾཝࡋ࠸⅏ᐖ≧ἣࢆ⾲ ࡍ㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡0.6௨ୗࡀ㛢ሰࡍࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ⏝࠸࡚㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡋ᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࠋ G ㏻㔞㓄ศࡢ⤖ᯝ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㏻㔞㓄ศ᪉ἲࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⅏ᐖ㏻≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ➨ 4❶࡛ồࡵࡓ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せࢆୖグࡢ㛢ሰࣜࣥࢡࢆ㝖࠸ࡓࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ㓄ศࡋ࡚ࠊ⅏ᐖ㏻≧ἣࢆ⌧ ࡍࡿࠋᅗ7a㓄ศ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ᅗ7aࢆぢࢀࡤࢃࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᘓோᑎ࿘㎶ࡢࣜࣥࢡࡣࡍ࡚ࡀ㏵⤯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ┤᥋࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᅄ᮲㏻ࠊ ᮾ㊰㏻ࡣ↓࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡶΰ㞧ࡶ࡞࠸≧ែ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊ᮲㏻ΎỈᑎධࡿධཱྀ㏆ࡢ༡ ഃࡣΰ㞧ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⅏ᐖࡼࡾࠊ㏻㟂せࡀ3⛬ᗘῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡶࢃࡽࡎࠊᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃 ྥ࠺㏻ࡀ㞟୰ࡍࡿ᮲㏻㸦ᅜ㐨1ྕ㸧࡛ࡣࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮾᒣᾘ㜵⨫ࡀΰ㞧ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ ࡿ15␒ࣜࣥࢡ༊㛫࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡇࡢᑐࡋ࡚㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᚲせ࡞ࡿࠋ ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ D ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡢ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࠾ࡅࡿ⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡋ࡚ၥ㢟Ⅼ࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠊᘓோᑎ࿘㎶࠾ࡅࡿᆅ㟈ࡼࡿ㐃⤖ ㊰ࡢ㏵⤯࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡕࢁࢇࠊᩥ㑇⏘ࢆᏲࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊᘓோᑎࢆゼࡡࡓほගᐈࡸ㏆ഐఫࡴఫẸࢆ᭱ඃඛⓗ Ᏺࡽ࡞࠸࠸ࡅ࡞࠸ࡀࠊᮏ◊✲࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲┠ᶆࡣ࡛ࡁࢀࡤྠ୧᪉ࡀᏲࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ୰࡛ࠊ㛢ሰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰ࢆᪧࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㛢ሰࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㐨 ㊰ࡀ㏻⾜ྍ⬟࡞ࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊほගᐈࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࠊఫẸࡣᗈᇦ㑊㞴ᡤ㏥㑊ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᘓோᑎࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢ⿕ᐖࡶࠊ࠼ࡤࠊⅆ⅏ࡼࡿᘓ≀ࡢᘏ↝ࡸᆅ㟈ࡢᦂࢀࡼࡿᘓ≀ࡢಽቯ࡞ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ ࡀࠊ᪩࠸ẁ㝵࡛ಟࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡋࡋࠊ㛢ሰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰ࢆᪧࡍࡿࡶࠊᘓோᑎ୰ࡢⅆ⅏ࡸಽቯࢆಟࡍࡿࡶࠊࡑࡇࡲ࡛฿㐩ࡍࡿᚲ せࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᅗDࢆぢࢀࡤࢃࡿࡼ࠺ࠊᮾᒣᾘ㜵⨫ࡣࣜࣥࢡ␒ྕ␒ࡼࡾ༡⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᾘ㜵⨫ࡽ 㛢ሰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰ࡢධࡾཱྀ㏆ࡲ࡛⥭ᛴ㌴୧ࡀ⾜ࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶΰ㞧ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀ ࡗ࡚ࠊ␒ࣜࣥࢡࡢΰ㞧ࢆῶࡽࡍ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨❶࡛᥎ᐃࡋࡓ⅏ᐖ㏻㟂せࡢࡲࡲ ࡛ࡣࠊΰ㞧ࡣῶࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ␒ࣜࣥࢡࡢ㏻㔞ࢆῶࡽࡍ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࠊࡘࡢࢣ࣮ ࢫࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋ ࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦഃࡢ୕᮲㏻༡ഃࡢ᮲㏻ࡀΰࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡇࡽி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃 ࡢ㛫࡛ὶฟධࡍࡿ㏻㏻つไࢆࡅࡓ2'ศᕸ㏻㔞ࢆᐃࡋ࡚㏻㓄ศࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊほගᐈ ࠾ࡼࡧᒣ⛉༊௨ᮾࡢఫẸ࡞ࠊᖐᏯᅔ㞴⪅ࡽࡣ⮬Ꮿᖐࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࠊி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ࡽᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃ὶฟࡍࡿ ㏻ࡣチྍࡋࠊᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃ࡽி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ὶධࡍࡿ㏻ࡣつไࡍࡿ2'ศᕸ㏻㔞ࢆᐃࡋ࡚㏻㓄ศࢆ ⾜࠺ࠋࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ᮲㏻ࡼࡾ༡ഃࡶΰ㞧ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡇࡼࡾࠊࢣ࣮ࢫ㜰᪉㠃ࡽி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ὶ ධࡍࡿ㏻ࡶつไࡋࡓ2'ศᕸ㏻㔞ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㏻㓄ศࢆ⾜࠺ࠋᅗࡢᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡢࢲ࣑࣮ࢰ࣮ࣥ␒ྕ࡛⾲ࡍࠊ ࢣ࣮ࢫࡣ␒␒ࡢὶฟධ㏻㔞ࢆ୧᪉つไࡋࠊࢣ࣮ࢫࡣὶධ㏻㔞ࡢࡳつไࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢣ࣮ࢫࡣࢣ ࣮ࢫຍ࠼ࠊ␒ࡢὶධ㏻㔞ࡶつไࡍࡿࡇࡍࡿࠋ E ྛࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ㓄ศ⤖ᯝ ᅗE㹼Gྛࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ㓄ศ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃ࢆ⤖ࡪ᮲㏻ࡢᮾす༊ 㛫ࡢ㏻㔞ࡀⓗῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ࡽᒣ⛉༊᪉㠃⾜ࡃᖐᏯᅔ㞴 ⪅ࡢ⤒㊰ࡶ㏻つไࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡇࡲ࡛㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ␒ࣜࣥࢡ ࡢΰ㞧ࡣゎỴ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡶྠࡌ⤖ᯝ࡞ࡾࠊ᮲㏻ࡢᮾす༊㛫ࡢὶධ༊㛫ࡣ㏻≧ἣࡀᨵၿ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮾ㊰㏻ࡢ␒ࣜࣥࢡࡣΰ㞧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ୍᪉ࠊࢣ࣮ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊ᮲㏻ࡢᮾす༊㛫ᮾ㊰㏻ࡢ␒ࣜࣥࢡࡢ୧᪉ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᇦእࡽி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ὶධࡍࡿ㏻㔞ࢆᢚไࡍࡿ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊᘓ ோᑎ࿘㎶ࡢ㏻≧ἣࡣⰋࡃ࡞ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮾᒣᾘ㜵⨫ࡀ࠶ࡿ␒ࣜࣥࢡࡢ㏻≧ែࢆᨵၿࡍࡿ
ᅗ7 a. ⅏ᐖ㏻≧ἣࠊb. ࢣ࣮ࢫ1ࡢ㓄ศ⤖ᯝࠊc. ࢣ࣮ࢫ2ࡢ㓄ศ⤖ᯝࠊd. ࢣ࣮ࢫ3ࡢ㓄ศ⤖ᯝ ࡓࡵࡣࠊ㜰᪉㠃ࡽࡢὶධ㏻㔞ࢆᢚไࡍࡿ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ 㸴㸬ࡲࡵ ᮏ◊✲ࡣPTㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱ㐨㊰㏻⾜ྍ⬟⋡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㏻㔞㓄ศࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⅏ᐖࡢ㏻≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ᘓோᑎࢆᑐ㇟ᩥ㑇⏘ࡋ࡚タᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢ࿘㎶࠾ࡅࡿ㏻≧ἣࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊ㏻つไࡼࡿ㏻࣐ ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᨵၿຠᯝࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡋ࡚ࠊி㒔ᕷ୰ᚰ㒊ὶධࡍࡿ㏻㔞ࢆᢚไࡍࡿ ࡇࡼࡾࠊᮾᒣᾘ㜵⨫ࡽᘓோᑎࡲ࡛ࡢ༊㛫࠾ࡅࡿ㏻≧ἣࡀከᑡᨵၿࡍࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᅇࡢ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡣ㏻㟂せࢆᢚไࡍࡿ㏻つไࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㜰᪉㠃ᒣ ⛉༊᪉㠃ࡽὶධࡍࡿ㏻㔞ࢆつไࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊᘓோᑎ࿘㎶ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ௨እࡶࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࡀཬࡰࡋࡓ⪃ ࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᑐ㇟ᆅᇦ࿘㎶ࡢࡳࢆつไࡍࡿ࡞ࠊࡼࡾ⊃࠸⠊ᅖ࡛⾜࠼ࡿ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ㛵ࡍ ࡿ᳨ウࢆᚲせࡍࡿࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 1㸧ி㒔ᕷᾘ㜵ᒁ㸸ி㒔ᕷࡢ࡞♫ᇶ┙ࠊ2003㸦ཧ⪃㸸http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/shobo/page/0000015600.html㸧 㸧ᑠᕝᆂ୍࣭ሯཱྀ༤ྖ࣭୰ᮧ┿ᖾ࣭ᮏ㒓ఙ㸸Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿᩥ㑇⏘㜵⅏ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㔜せ㐨㊰༊㛫ࡢᢳฟ㛵ࡍࡿ◊ ✲ࠊᅵᮌィ⏬Ꮫ◊✲࣭ㄽᩥ㞟, No.23, 2006 㸧ሯཱྀ༤ྖ࣭ᑠᕝᆂ୍࣭⏣୰⪔ኴ࣭ᮏ㒓ఙ㸸Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰ᶵ⬟㞀ᐖࡢ᥎ᐃࠊṔྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟Vol.3, 2009
4㸧Yoongho Ahn, Hiroshi Tsukaguchi, Keiichi Ogawa : Study on road network management and disaster risk assessment of cultural heritages in historical city, Journal of Disaster Research, vol.6, no.1, 2011
5㸧ி㜰⚄㒔ᕷᅬ㏻ィ⏬༠㆟㸸➨ 4 ᅇி㜰⚄ᅪࣃ࣮ࢯࣥࢺࣜࢵࣉㄪᰝࠊ2000 㸦ཧ⪃㸸http://www.keihanshin-pt.com/index.html㸧 6㸧᪂㇂ὒ⦅ⴭ࣭ᢏሗᇽฟ∧㸸㒔ᕷ㏻ィ⏬㸦➨2∧㸧ࠊ2003 7㸧బబᮌ⥘┘ಟ࣭㣤⏣ᜤᩗ⦅ⴭ࣭ᅜẸ⛉Ꮫ♫㸸㏻ᕤᏛࠊ1992 8㸧ி㒔ᕷ㒔ᕷィ⏬ᒁ㏻ᨻ⟇ᐊ㸸ᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘᅜ㐨㊰㏻ໃㄪᰝ㸦㐨㊰㏻ࢭࣥࢧࢫ㸧ࠊ2005 㸦ཧ⪃㸸http://www.city.kyoto.jp/tokei/trafficpolicy/census/index.html㸧 9㸧㆙ᐹᗇ㸸㐨㊰㏻ሗࡢᥦ౪ࡢᅾࡾ᪉㛵ࡍࡿᇶᮏⓗ⪃࠼᪉ࠊ2002 㸦ཧ⪃㸸http://www.npa.go.jp/koutsuu/jouhou/kihonntekikanngaekata.pdf㸧 10㸧ᯇᮏ ㄔ࣭ᑠ㇂㏻Ὀ࣭ᓈᑿဴဢ࣭⚽ᖾ㸸⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅࡿ࣐࣮࢝ࡢ⏝㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹࠊᅵᮌᏛ➨2ᅇ㜰⚄࣭ῐ ㊰ᡴデ⣽㛵ࡍࡿᏛ⾡ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟ࠊ1997 11㸧ඵᮌ᠇࣭㥖᪂ே࣭ሯཱྀ༤ྖ࣭ᑠᕝᆂ୍㸸⅏ᐖ࠾ࡅࡿ㏻㟂せࡢண ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㏻⾜ືࡢศᯒࠊᅵᮌᏛ➨ 62ᅇᖺḟᏛ⾡ㅮ₇ㅮ₇ᴫせ㞟㸪CD-ROM㸪➨ϫ㒊㛛㸪ϫ-155㸪2007.9 12㸧ሯཱྀ༤ྖ࣭ᑠᕝᆂ୍࣭ඵᮌ᠇࣭㥖᪂ே㸸Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ࠾ࡅࡿ⅏ᐖ㏻࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡢᯟ⤌ࡳᵓ⠏㏻ศᯒࠊ Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟ࠊvol.1ࠊ 2007
