滋賀大学学術情報リポジトリ

日本選マツタ ケ目菌類

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The Agaricales of Japan

1一（1）

Tsuguo Hongo

Introduction

  In 1860 M． J． Berkeley and M． A． Curtis first reported 64 species of agarics collected in the present territory of Japan， the Bonin， and the Ryu− kyu lslands． Thereafter P． Hennings， A． Yasuda， S． Kawamura， and others successively reported，

though fragmentarily， on some members of the

Agaricales． 工n 1938， the more extensive and the most valuable report was published by S． lmai under the title of “Studies on the Agaricaceae of Hokkaido”， in which 348 species and 7 forms are described． During the last several years we have scen a few reports， such as that on the boletes of Japan by R． lmazeki， and on the lnocybes of Japan by Y． Kobayasi， and eight volumes of “lco− nes of Japanese Fungi” by S． Kawamura （after his death）． ln the last work， the agarics are il− lustrated and described in the vols． 3−5， and the boletes in the vol． 2．  In spite of these numerous contributions of our

mycologists， however， the Agaricales−flora of

Japan， especially of the western and the southern parts， is as yet very poorly known．   The writer has been engaged in the taxonomic studies on the Agaricales of Japan during these

ten years， and has published numerous new or

unusual fungi under the titles of “Larger fungi of the provinces of Omi and Yamashiro”ユー5（1950 −1953）， “Notes on Japanese larger fungi” 1−15一 （1950−1959一）， etc．  In the present paper， the writer classifies the agarics and the boletes of Japan so far published， in a system whieh he believes appropriate， and also adds the ecological and the geographical obser− vations in the following chapter．   The writer would like to express his cordial thanks to Prof． Dr． S． Kitamura， Kyoto University， Kyoto． for his kind advice and encouragement． He also wants to offer his sincere thanks to the courtesies of undermentioned gentlemen in offering him the facilities of consulting works on the sub− ject in libralies， or in allowing him to examine the plants in herbaria， or in sending specimens to him； namely， Prof． Em． Dr． S． lto， Hokkaido University， Sapporo； Prof． Dr． Y． Otani， Hokkaido University of Liberal Arts and Education， Sappo− ro；Mr． R．1皿azeki， Government Forest Experi− ment Station， Tokyo； Dr． Y． Kobayasi， National Science Museum， Tokyo； Prof． Dr． S． lmai， Yoko− hama National University， Yokoha皿a；Prof． Dr． S． Akai， Kyoto University， Kyoto； Dr． M． Hama− da， Kyoto University， Kyoto； Prof． Dr． Y． Hori− kawa， Hiroshima University， Hiroshima； Mr， 1． Matsuda， Niigata Upper Secondary School， Niigata．   Thanks are also due to the grant from the

Science Research Fund， Ministry of Education，

out of which the expense for this study was

partly defrayed．

Classification of the Agaricales ef Japan

  Species dealt with： The fungi enumerated

in the foliowing classification are limited to pre− sent territory of Japan， namely， Hokkaido， Hon− shu， S，hikoku， Kyushu and their adjacent islands excepting trie Kuril， the Bonin， and the Okinawa Islands．   Classification： ln its main lines the taxonomic

48

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第 8

arrangement follows the Singer’s（1951）system．

But some parts of it have b6en found hecessary for the writer to amend（e g。， the concept of the tribes in Tricholo〃2ataeeae and／1 garicaceae， and that of the genera such as・Uツgrophorus，’乙ツoph二yl− 1襯，Lepiota， Conocpabe， StrOPha吻， Nae〃mtolOma， etc．．．），   L量tera加re：The literature cited for each spe− cies is， as a rule， the earlier， reliable， or detailed one in Japan． For the species new to the Japanese flora， the orig三nal one in which the name was first published is cited．   1｝escrip髄on：Full descriptiolls are usually pre− sented of new or little known taxa． For the spe− cies new to the Japanese flora． only＄hort notes      サ are glven．

  Habitat and I）istribution：The habitat and

the distribution are given f6r almost all the spe− cies． And the distribution in Japan is inserted in  brackets．

  ］Material studied：The material studied is

墨isted， as a rule， oniy about the endemic species or those new to the flora of Japan，（＊denotes

that the plant has not been examined by the

writer．）    Key亡。 the Species：Keys are given only to

the comparatively well studied genera ill this

country， For some other genera only the pub1圭一

cations which contaill good keys to them are

cited．

   Taxommic Characteristi￠s：The taxonomic

 characteristics of the Agaricales are explained in

details by some modern authors（Singer，1951；

Josserand，1952；Heim．1957）from the macroscop−

ical， microscopica1， chemical， ecological and other various standpoints． The writer， therefore， gives here only a few comments on the iodine reaction of the spore wa11s and on the ecological charac・     コ       リ  terlstユCS。    i） Iod圭ne Reaction：The iodine reaction must

 be observed by examining the spores under a

 microscope量n daylight． The preparation is first

 treated with ammonia for a few seconds or

  minutes， then the ammonia皿ust be completely   removed with filter paper， and a large excess of   Melzer’s reagent（KI 1．5gr；iodine O，5gr；distilled 号 1 9 5 9 water 20．Ogr； chloral hydrate 22．Ogr．） must be

added in order to compensate for any alkaline

reaction still prevalent immediately around the

fragment examined． lf the spore walls turn pallid gray to dark violet or nearly blackish， they are amyloid． （Slightly amyloid spores must be kept in the medium for about 15 minutes．） Nonamyloid spores stay hyaline or becorne yellowish， and so− called pseudoamyloid spores become intensely red− dish brown．

  Amyloid reaction is known in the following

genera：   CantharellMla， Leucopaxillus， Lentinellus， Mela− noleuca， Dictyopanus， Panellus， Fayodia， Hydropus，

My・隅B…sp・ra， Xer・吻一一Fi励・1・tUS・

Catathelasma， Amanita， Cystoaerma， Russula，

Laetarius， etc．   According to Singer and Smith （1943）， there are two groups of species in Leucopaxillus that differ in the degree of the amyloid reaction of the spore as well as in the degree of roughness．

The smooth spores are very slightly amyloid，

and the warty spores strongly amyloid． On ac− count of this character， the genus， therefore， is divided by them into two sections： （1） Aspropa− xilli and （2） Eu−Leucopaxilli．    Smith and Singer （1945）， supporting the views of the French mycologists， particularly of KUhner and Maire（1934）， also divide the genus C二ystoder〃za

into two groups： one with nonamyloid spores

 containing C． cinnabarinum， C． granulosum， etc． （Granulosa）， and one with amyloid spores con− taining C． amianthinum， C． carcharias， etc． （Ami−  anthina）．    As pointed out by many authors， in the genus Amanita a correlation exists between the chemical reaction of the spore walls and the character of the pileus margin． and so the writer divides the

genus into two subgenera as already done by

Konrad and Maublanc （1948）： 〈1） Pseudoamanita （Euamanita in K． ＆ M．）一spores nonamyloid， pi］eus margin sulcate； （2） Amanita （Amidella in K． ＆ M．）一spores amyloid， pileus margin smooth  or almost so．    Amyloid reaction is also known in hyphae of the stipe and the trama of most species of MNcena．  In some sections of Marasmins the tramal hyphae

are amyloid．   Pseudoamyloid reaction is known in the white− spored Lepioteae ex． cepting Cystoderma．   ii） Ecological characteristics： Most of the boletes， especially Boletini， Suilli， Leccina， etc．

are well−known as mycorrhizal fungi． Suillus

luteus is usually found in assoeiations dominated by Pinus densiflora in Japan， at least in Honshu， and this fact indicates that the fungus has皿ycor・ rhizal relationship with this 2−need正e pine． S． gmnulatus and S． bovinus are also very likely to be fungal components of mycorrhizae on 2−needle pines in Japan． S． aervtginascens is regarded as forming mycorrhizae on Larix leptolepis （lmazeki， 1952）．   Tricholoma matsutalee is one of the most note− worthy rnycorrhizal fungi in this country， which is usually associated with Pinzas densiflora， but

sometimes with other conifers such as Pieea，

Tsuga， rarely as Abies． There is， however， so− called “Baka−matsutake” （a dialect in Aomori− Pref．〉 or “Nitari” （a dialect in Kyoto−Pref．） which is hardly distinguishable from T． matsutake at a glance， but definitely differs in the occurrence in frondose woods． especially of Quercus． This

fungus very likely is a mycorrhizae−former on

oaks though further ecological study is needed

（cf． Kuraishi and Narita． 1953）．   The investigation of the mycorrhizal relation− ships is not only jmportant for forestry， but also very useful in determining the specific or infra− specific （geographic races） positions of the mycor− rhizal fungi．   Many of the Galerinas associate with bryo−

phytes； particularly Galerina sphagnorum， G．

tibiicystis， G． paludosa， etc． with Sphagnum， and these Sphagnum−Galerinas appear to form a defi− nite group． ln the cases of A sterophora growing

on Russbllaceae and Teronitomyces on termite

nests， their peculiar habitats are respectively of the most striking character of the two genera． Besides， in the fungi growing on charcoal heaps or burnt ground． boggy places， fruits or seeds of flowering plants． stems or roots of grasses， and other particular substrata， their 一habStats are usu− ally the chief specific or even supraspecific cha一 racteristics of the fungi．

  Abbreviations：

  For the literature cited the following abbrevia− tions are used：   B． M． ＝一 Botanicai Magazine， Tokyo．   J・ 」・ B． 一 Journal of Japanese Botany．   A． P． G． 一 Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica．   B． F． E． S． 一 Bulletin of the Government Fo− rest Experiment Station．   M． S． U． ＝一 Memoires of the Faculty of Liberal Arts and Education， Shiga University．   Kawam． lll． 一＝ Kawamura， lllustrations of Japa− nese Fungi 1： pls． 1−4 1912； 2： pls． 5−8 1913； 3： pls． 9−12 1914； 4： pls． 13−16 1915； 5： pis． 17−20 1925．   Kawam． J． F．＝Kawaniura， Japanese Fungi 1929．   Kawa皿， lcon．一K：awamura， lcones of Japa− nese Fungi 1−81954−1955（2−5ユ954）．   Imai， A． H． ＝一 lmai， Studies on the Agaricaceae of Hokkaido 1−2 1938．   Imaz． ＆ Hongo， Col． lli． 一＝ lmazeki ＆ Hongo， Coloured lllustrations of Fungi of Japan 1957．   In the paragraphs listing the material studied the following abbreviations are used：   K ＝ Mycological Herbarium of the Kyoto Uni− versity， Kyoto．   M 一一 Mycological Herbarium of the National Science Museum， Tokyo．   F ；＝ Mycological Herbarium of the Government Forest Experiment Station， Tokyo．   H ＝＝ Mycological Herbarium of the Hokkaido University， Sapporo．   （no indicaeed 一 the writer’s own herbarium）   Others： O ＝ Edible； × ＝ Poisonous； ＊ ＝＝ See page 2．

AGARICALES Clements

         HYGROPHORACEAE Roze

  In the present paper， the writer prefers to pre− serve the Japanese species of this family in one genus， Hygrophorzas．        Hygrophorus Fr．        Subgen． Hygrophorus   The species of this subgenus are common in the northern to the central mountainous regions

of Japan， but become gradually less abundant

southward．

50

_滋大紀要

第 In the Kinki district， the writer・has so far found only three species， whi正e Imai（1938，「1939）repor− ted eleven from Hok．kaidb．        Sect． Hygrophorus   1）H．chrysodon（Fr．）Fr．；Kawam． J． F， no． 45．   Ih both． coniferous and frondose woods．一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North ．America，

Africa．0

  2）皿．ebume．囎（Fr．）Fr．；Imai， A． H．100．   On the ground in woods， espec三ally in frondose

woods．一Japan（Hokkaido， Honshu）， Siberia，

Asia Minor， Europe， North America， Africa．0   2，）var． cossus （Fr。） Qu61．一H． Co∬us Fr．； Imai， A， H．101．     On the ground in woods， 一Japan（Hokkaido）， Europe， Africa．○＊    Sect． Pudo血i（Bat．）Konr．＆Maubl．   3）H．russu置a（Fr．）Qu61．一：「rieholoma russula （Fr．）Gi11．；Kawam，111． pl．6， figs．9・11．   In frondose woods（sometimes mixed with Pinus or other conifers in the Kinki district）．一Japan （正［onshu）， Europe， North America， Africa．0   4）H．erubescens（Fr．）Fr，；Imai， A． H．102．   In conifer woods．一Japan（Hokkaido， Honshu）， Siberia， Europe， North America， Africa．○＊   5）H．capreolarius （Kalchbr．） Sacc． （noll Imai）；Hongo， J． J． B．29：92．1954一」U．餌7− pureobadius hnai， B． M，55：447．1941．   On the ground in woods， especially under coni− fers （e． g． Abiesノ’irmの．一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America． O   H．capireolarius sensu Imai， A． H．102．   Imai describes the pileus surface of his plant

as“

р窒凵C”and the spores as“minutely rough”．

  6）H．purpu．rascens（Fr．）Fr．；Imaz．＆Ya−

manouchi， Trans． Myc． Soc． Jap． no．7：10。1958，

  In woods of∠4 bies firma．一Japan 〔Honshu

（Tokyo）〕，恥rope． North America．○＊   7）H．pudorinus（Fr．）Fr，；Imai， A． H。103，   On the ground in woods． especially coniferous woods（．4 bies） 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）、

Europe， North America．0

  8）H．arbustivus Fr．；Imai， A． H．104．       

  On the ground ih woods．一Japan（Hokkaido，

Honshu）， E．urope， Africa， O    Sect． Discoidei（Bat．）Konr．＆Maubl． 8 号 1 9 5 9   9） H． lucorum Kalchbr．； lmai， A． H． 104 （ut “lucorus”）．   On the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）， Europe， North America． 0   10）皿．．・hypothejus（Fr，）Fr，；Ilnaz．＆Hongo， Col． lll． 12， pl． 1， fig． 4．   On mossy ground in pine woods． Late in the

season． 一 Japan CHokkaido （Oshima）， Honshu

（Fukushima））， Europe， North America． 0   10’） forma pinetorum （Hongo） Hongo． J． J． B， 33： 97． 1958 一 H． pinetorum Hongo， A． P． G． 15： 103． 1954．   In woods of Pinus densiflora． 一一 Japan CHonshu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Seta−cho， Shiga， 3−XII− 1950， 5−1−1952， 6−1−1955； Otsu， Shiga， 27−XII−1952， 7−1−1954（K）一type， 17−XII−1954， 10−XII−1957， 17−XII− 1957．   11） H． discoideus （Fr．） Fr．； lmai， B． M． 55： 446． 1941．   On the ground in coniferous woods． 一 Japan ［Honshu （Yamanashi））， Europe， North America．

0

  12） H． leucophaeus （Fr．） Fr． 一 H． mesotephrus Berk． ＆ Br．； lmai， A． H． 105．   In frondose woods （Fagus， etc．）．一 Japan （Hok− kaido）， Europe． O ＊        Sect． Colorati Bat．   ユ3）H．olivaceoalbus（Fr，）Fr．；Imai， B． M． 53： 395． 1939 一 Armillaria nigrescens Kawam． Icon． 4： 462， fig． 444 （nom． seminud．）．   In coniferous woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Hon− shu （Nagano））， Europe， North America． 0   14） H． agathosmus （Fr．） Fr．； lmai， A． H． 105．   In coniferous woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）， Euro− pe， North America， Africa． O ＊’   15） H． catnarophyllus （Fr．） Dum6e， Grandj． ＆ R． Maire 一 U． caprin”s （Fr．） Fr．； Yasuda， B’． M． 36： （97） 1921．   In coniferous woods． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Sibe− ria， Europe， North America． 0   16） H． calophyllus Karst．； Kawam． lcor． 3： 316， fig． 313．．  Singly under conifers． 一Japan （Honshu （Naga− no））， Europe， N6rth America． O ＊   （Note） All the known Japanese species of the

subgen． Hygrophorus can be determined by using the keys published by Smith ＆ Hesler （1939）， Lange （1940）， Ktihner ＆ Romagnesi （1953）， etc．          Subgen． Camarophyllus Fr．   17） H． virgineus （Fr．） Fr． 一 H． ericeus Schroet．； Yasuda， B． M． 25： （441） 1911．   On the ground in woods， in pastures， on lawns， etc． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North and South America， Africa， Australia． 0   18） H． niveus Fr．； lmani， A． H． 107．   In woods or in pastures． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）， Europe， North America， Africa， Australia． 0   19） H． pratensis （Fr．） Fr．； lmaz． Nat． Sci． Mus． 9： 12． 1938； lmai， B． M． 53； 395． 1939．   In pastures， in grassy piaces in woods， some− times in bamboo forests． 一 Japan （Hokkaido，

Honshu）， Europe， North America 0

  20） H． lacmus Fr，； Hongo， M． S． U． 7： 41． 1957．   On皿ossy ground in frondose copses or in coni−

fer woods（Pinus． Chamαecyparis， etの．一Japan

（Honshu （Shiga））， Europe． 0   21） H． subniveus lmai， A． H． 108．   On rotting coniferous wood （Abies sachalinensis var． mayriana） in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）． ＊   This species seems not to be a true ffygrophorus because of its lignicolorus habitat and the asperulate spores． Further study is needed to determine its true generic position．

  Key to the species of subgen． Camaro−

phyllus in Japan．

1． Pileus white or whitish． A． Pileus rather fleshy， medium−sized （1．5−5：m）， white to whitish ・一・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・…17． ll． virgineus． B． Pileus very thin， smaller （O．5−3cm）， pure   white．   1． Growing on ground …一一・・・・・・・…18． H． niveus．  2． Growing on dead coniferous wood・・’・・’’’’’’””    ’一’’’””’’’’’””’”・一・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・…21． H． subniveus． II． Pileus colored． A． Pileus gilvous ・・・・・・・・・・・・…一・・…19． ff． pratensis． B． Pileus brownish gray with a faint flush of  lilac・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・…一・一・一・・・・…＋一…20． ff． lacmzas．       Subgen． Hygrocybe Fr．  This subgenus is very rich in species through− out this country， and can be considered as com− paratively well known at least in Hokkaido and

HonshU．

      Sect． Tristes Bat．   22） H． ovinus （Fr．） Fr．； lmai， B． M． 55： 446． 1941．   On grassy commons and at roadsides with short grasses． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North Ame− rica． 0   23） H． fuscovillosulus lmai， B． M． 53： 396． 1939 （ut subgen． Camaroph．）．   On the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）．   Material studied： lmai， Nopporo， Hokkaido， 30− X−1938 （H）一type．   24） H． carnescens lmai， A． ｝1． 108 Cut subgen． Camaroph．）．   On the ground jn woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）．   Material studied： lmai， Nopporo， Hokkajde， 28− IX−1930（H）， 19−X−1938（H）， 30−X−！938（H）．   25）H．chrysoconos Imai， B． M。53二396．1939 （ut subgen． Camaroph．）．   On the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）．   Material studied： lmai， Nopporo， 1（okkaido， 19− X−1936（H）一type．       Sect． Hygrocybe        Subsect． Hygrocybe   26）H．min董atus（Fr．）Fr．；Kawam． Il工． p工．〕， figs． 27−29．   Among grass （or bamboo grass） in open woods． 一 Japan（Hokkaido， Honshu）， lndia， Europe， North

America， Australia． O ，

  27） H． cantharellus （Schw．） Fr．； Matsuda ＆ Hongo， J． J． B． 30： 150． 1955．   In open spaces in coniferous woods （Pinzas） and frondose copses． 一 Japan （Honshu）． Europe，

North America．

  27ノ）forma sphagnicola Hongo， J．」． B．33：99． 1958．  Amongst Sphagnum in outskirts of pine woods． 一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 29−VI −1955， 26−X−1955， 26−IX−1956−type．  28） H． turundus （Fr．） Fr．； lrnai， B． M． 55： 448， 1941．

 a） forma turundus

 Amongst moss or grass， on sandy ground at

road−borders， meadowland， etc． 一 Japan （Hon− shu）， Europe， North America．

52

_灘大紀要

第 8

  b） forma sphagnophilus （Peck） Smith ＆

Hesler 一 ff． miniatus forma sphagnophilus （Peck） Hongo， 」． J． B． 27： 160． 1952．   In Sphagnune−bogs under trees （conifers and deciduous trees）． 一 Japan （Honshu）， North Ameri− ca， Europe．   c） forma maerosperus （Hongo） Hongo， M． S． U． 6： 31． 1957 一 ff． turzandzas var． macrosporus Hongo， J． 」． B． 31： 144． 1956．   1n Sphagnum−bogs under conifers （Pin”s， etc．）． 一一@Japan （Hbnguhu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 11−VI− 1955， 4−VII−1955−type，， 14−VII−1955， 24−VIII−1955．   d） forma minor Hongo， J． 」 B． 32： 145． 1957 （ut “minus”） 一 H． parvicoccineus auct． non S． Ito ＆ lmai： Hongo， M． S． U． 2： 48． 1953．   On sandy ground in grassy plain or in pine woods． 一 Japan （Honshu）．   Material studied： llongo， Seta−cho， Shiga， 19−X− 1952， 24−X−1952； Otsu， Shiga， 16−IX−1953， 24−X−1955， 31−X−1955−type， 25−VII−1956； Kusatsu， Shiga， 24− IX−1955．   This is a transitiona］ form， somewhat approach− ing U． cantharerlus．   29） H． pseudo￠occineus Hongo， J． J． B． 30： 73． 1955．   On the ground in mixed woods． 一 Japan （Hon− shu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 5−VI−1954− type， 25−IX−1958．   30） H． dichrous Hongo， J． J． B． 33： 101． 1958．   In pine woods（皿ixed with Chamaecyparis）．一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 8−VII− 1954−type， 23−VI−1955． 13−VII−1957．   31） H． subcinnabarinus Hongo， J． J， B． in press．   On humus in mixed woods （frondose trees and Pinus densiflora）． 一一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．   Materia］ studied： Hongo， Seta−cho， Shiga， 5−X− 1958−type．   32）H．s曲v且telli皿us Imai， B。 M．55：448． 1941．   On the ground in coniferous woods． 一 Japan （Honshu CYamanashi）｝．   Material studied： lmai， Oshino−mura， Yamana− shi． 6−X−1940（H）一type．

号

1959

 33） H． stagninus Hongo， J． J． B． 32： 208． 1957．  In Sphagnum−bogs under Pinus−trees． 一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．  Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 5−XI−1955， 16−X−1956−type．  34）皿．aurantius Murri11；Hongo， J． J． B．27＝ 190． 1952．   On the ground in conifer woods （Crptptomeria， ChamaecyParis， etc．）， also in bamboo forests or Sasa−bushes． 一 Japan Cffonshu （Shiga））． North America （Jamaica）．   35） H． coccineus （Fr．） Fr．； Imai， A H． 110．   Among grass， moss， or Sasa， rnostly in out− skirts of woods， sometimes in bamboo forests． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North Ameri− ca， Australia． 0   36） H． imazekii Hongo， J． J． B． 30： 215． 1955 （ut “lrnazekii”）．   On the ground in forests． 一 Japan （Honshu （Tokyo）， Kyushu （Miyazaki−Kagoshima））．   Material studied： Hongo， Hachioji， Tokyo， 13− X−1954−type； Otani， Mt． Kirishima， 7−X−1956一（H）．   37） H． cruentus Hongo， J． J． B． 33： 134． 1958．   In bamboo forests or in pine woods． 一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 14−V− 1952， 15−V−1957−type， 28−V−1958； Mt． Tanakami， Shiga， 28−IX 1958．   38） H． pantoleucus Hongo， J． J． B． 33： 135． 1958．   In bamboo forests， or in both frondose and coniferous woods． 一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 12−XI− 1951， 17−XI−1952， 31−X−1957−type， 9−XI−1957．   39） H． Elavescens （Kauffm．） Smith ＆ Hesler； Hongo， M． S． U． 1： 94． 1952．   In frondose and coniferous woods， in grassy spaces， sometimes in bamboo forests． 一 Japan （Honshu）， North America． 0   40） H． puniceus （Fr．） Fr．； Kawam． lll． pl． 9， figs． 14−16．   In mossy or grassy spaces， especially in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North A− merica． 0   41） H． marchii Bres．； Hongo． J． J． B． 26： 141． 1951 （ut “Marchii”）．

  On the gr・ ournd in mixed woods． 一 Japan CHon一 ”hu （Shiga）］． Europe． North America．        Subsect． Conici Bat．   42） H． eonicus （Fr．） Fr．； Kawam． lll． pl． 4， figs．ユ8一ユ9．   On the groAnd among grass （at road−borders， outskirts of woods． etc．）． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshuy， Asl，a Minor， Europe， North America， Australia． ’t”）   42’） forma earbonarius Hongo， J． J． B． in press．   On charcoal heaps （covered by Funaria hygre− maetrica） in Sasa−bushes． 一 Japan ［Honshu （Shi− ga））．   Materiag studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 30−VI− 1958． 10−IX−1958． 1’1−X−1958−type． 29−X−1958．   43） H． aeutoeonicus （Clem． in Woods） A． H． Smith forma japonicus Hongo， 」． J， B． 31： 145． 1956 C；Imaz． ＆ Hongo． Col． IIL 16， pl． 3， fig． 19），   On the ground in forests． 一 Japan （Honshu （Tokyo．）．   iMaterial stu．died： Hongo， Hachioji， Tokyo， 18− IX−1955−type．   44） H． airtoenus fLasch） Quel．； Hongo， M． S． U． 1： 93． 1952． 一 fl． ealyptraeformis Berk．； Kawam， ll，：’． pl． 5． figs． 19−21．   In grassy p］aces， in woods， also in bamboo forests． ’ Japan 〈Honshu）， Europe． North Ameri− ca． r．］   45） H． obrusseus （Fr．） Fr． Epicr． 331． 1836．   Gregarious in ．r．trassy spaces in woods． 一 Europe， India． New to Japan． Lf） Material studied：

Hongo、 Kitayamamura， Wakaya皿a，23−X−1951．

  Ill．： Cooke， ll］． Brit． Fungi， pl． 906； Massee， Brit． Fungi， pl． 15， fig． 7； Konr． ＆ MaubL lc． Sel． Fung． pl． 386； Lange， Fl． Agar， Dan． pl． 166， C； Wakef．＆ Denn． Comm． Brit． Fungi， pl． 35， f三9．2．   Rare， only met once． The colors of the pilei were ‘’モ≠р高奄浮香@yellow”， “light cadmium”， C‘lemon chrome”， or “empire yellow”． The spores measure 7．5−9．5＞．4−5xb； the basidia 40−51×7−7．5p， four−ster− jgmate， Distinguished from況ノ’lavescens by the stouter habit’， and the dry pileus．   45！）forma pusillus Imai， B． M．55：446．ユ94ユ．   On the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Honshu （To− kyo））． ±        Subsect． Psittacini Bat，   46） H． psittacinus （Fr．） Fr．； Kobayasi in Asahina， lnkwashokubutu Dukan 501． 1939； lmai， B． M． 55： 447． 1941．   In coniferous woods or in pastures． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America．   47） H． ceraceus （Fr．） Fr．； lmai， A． H． 109．   In woods or in pastures． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe． North America， Australia． 0・   48） H． minutulus Peck； Hongo， A． P． G． 14： 72． 1951．   On hu皿us or amongst moss in woods，一Japan （Honshu （Shiga））， North America．   49） H， sciophanus （Fr．） Fr． forma minor Hongo， J． J． B． 33： 138． 1958．   Amongst rnoss in mixed woods． 一 Japan （Hon− shu （Shiga））．   Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga． 3−XII− 1951−type， 6−XII−1951， 22−XI−1952．   50） H． reai R， Maire， Bull． Soc． Myc． Fr． 26： 164． 1910； Trans． Brit． Myc． Soc． 3： 170． 1910（ut “Reai”）・   Gregarious or subcespitose on mossy ground in

mixed frondose woods， or sometimes amongst

bamboo grass． 一 Europe， North America． New

to Japan， Material studied： Hongo， Otsu， Shiga， 17−XI−1958； Ako， Takao． Kyoto， 27−XI−1958．   Ill．： Maire， Bull． Soc． Myc． Fr， 26： pl． 6， figs． 1−5 and Trans． Brit． Myc． Soc． 3： pl． 11； Konr． ＆ Maubl． lc． Sel． Fung． pl． 384， II； Lange， Fl． Agar． Dan． pl． 168， A； Josserand， Bull． Soc． Myc． Fr． 49： 369， fig． 11； Wakef． ＆ Denn． Comm． Brit． Fungi， pl． 36， fig． 3．   Probably not uncommon． Easily recognized by the bitter−tasting flesh． ln the writer’s specimen from Otsu， spores measure 7．5−10 × 4−6fo ； the basidia 37−43 ×7．5−10Fb， four−sterigmate・   51）II，且ae加s（Fr．）Fr。；Hongo， J． J． B．26： 23 and 146． 1951．

  In grassy places， Sphagmtm−bogs． woods，

or bamboo forests． 一 Japan（Honshu）． Europe，

North America．0 ・

  ff． chlorophanus （Fr．） Fr．； Kawam． lll． pl． 17， figs． 3−5．

  Reported from Honshu by many our mycolo−

gists， but possibly confused with II． flavescens． ＊

  Key to the species of subgen． Hygrocybe

in Japan．

54

滋大紀要

第 1． Pileus dull colored （fuscous， olivaceous， avella−   neous， etc．）， dry ・…一・・・・・・・・・・・・・…一・・ Sect． Tristes． A． Pileus fuscous．   1． Flesh turning reddish when bruised・・・・・・…”’     ・・・…一・・一・一・・・…一・・・・・・…一・・・・・・・…一・・一・・ 22． H． ovinus．   2。Flesh unchangeable…23． H．アzaseovi〃oszalus． B． Pileus not fuscous．   1． Pileus “buffy−citrine” or “Saccardo’s olive”；    flesh unchangeable ・・・・・… 一 25． ll． chrysoconos．   2． Pileus avellaneous； flesh turning reddish     when bruised …一・・…一・・・・・… 24． H． earnescens． II． Pileus bright colored， or white， or dark red   brown・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・…Sect． Hygrocybe． A． Pileus conic （at least in youth and never de−   pressed at any stages） or with a prominent   conic umbo・・・・・・・・・…一…一・・…一一・・・…Subsect． Coniei．   1． Pileus scarlet， orange， or yellow．   a． Fruiting body blackening． 一・・’’”一’””’”・’・’’’”     ・・… 一・・・… 42． H． conz’cus （and ￡ carbonarius）．    b． Fruiting body not blackening．    i． Spores 11−13．5×7−9．5 （10．5） p； basidia two−     spored ・・・… 43． H． acutoconicus f． iaponicus．    ii． Spores 7．5−9．5×4−5 lb； basidia four−spored．      ・・・・・・・・・・・・… 45． H． obrusseas （and f． pusillus）．   2． Plieus rosy or pinkish・・・・・・… 44． H． amoenus． B． Pileus depressed， plane， convex， obtuse， or  obtusely conic （never acutely conic）， if umbo−  nate the umbo obtuse．   1． Stipe viscid or glutinous…Subsect． Psittacini．   a． Pileus parrot−green， soon yellow or orange，

   stipe usually remaining greenish near the

   apex・・… 一・・・・・・・… 一・一・… 一・・…＋…46． H． Psittacinug．   b． Colors not as above．    i． Colors mixed and variable， fulvous， pinkish，     yellowish， olivaceous， or grayish violaceous．     Edge of lamellae sterile・・…一… 51． H． laetus．    ii． Colors not as above． Edge of lamellae     fertile．     a． Taste very bitter． Stipe viscid， but soon      dry ’”一・・・・・・・・・… 一・一・・・… 一・・・・… 一一一・・ 50． H． reai．     B． Taste mild．      ＊ Stipe viscid， but soon dry． Pileus wax−       yellow ・・・・…一・＋・・・・・・・・・…t・… 47． H． ceraceus．     ＊4 i」 Stipe persistently glutinous．      A Pileus bright red to bright orange ・・・…         ・・・・・・・… 一・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・… 48． El． minutulus． 8 号 1 9 5 9   ZtsA Pileus dull red to du！1 red orange ・・・…        ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・…  49． H． seiophanus f． minor． 2． Stipe moist or dry， but not viscid nor gluti−   nous． ・＋・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・… ＋・・・… Subsect． Hygrocybe． a． Pileus viscid （at least when rnoist）．   i． Pileus white ・・・・…一・・…一・ 38． H． pantoleuczas．  ii． Pileus yellow ・一・・・・・・・・・・… 39． H． flaveseens．  iii． Pileus red．   a． Stipe coarsely fibrilloso−striate・… J一・・・・・・…     ’’’’”幽・’… 一・一・・… 一一・… 一・… 一・40．正孟  Pzaniceus．   B． Stipe not striate・・・・・・… i… 一一41． ll． marchii b． Pileus moist or dry， but not viscid，

 i． Pileus squamulose or becoming so when

  faded or in age．   a． Sphagnico！ous．    ＊ Pileus scarlet or orange vermilion．    ZN Lamellae orange yellow， deeply decur−      rent． Spores 9−ll×6−7 sb’”一一“’‘’’’’’’’’’’’’’’”      ・・・・・・… 27ノ ．乙乙 can〃2arellus f．∫≠）1乞αg’nicola。   ZNA Lamellae whitish or yellowish． adnate，      then decurrent． Spores 10−14×6−8．5 ica …       ・・・… 28b． H． turundus f． sphagnophilus．   ＊＊ Pileus orange to yellow． Spores 10−15×     6−7．5 ，Lb or 12−16．5×6−7．5 Ke・・・・… n・一J一・・・… J・・一・・     ・… 一・・・・…  28c． H． turundus f． macrosporus．   B． Not sphagnicolous．    ＊ Pileus red to orange．    A Stipe thick （3−6mm）． Spores 11−19×7．5−      10 lb ・“’・・・・・・・・… 一…  29． H． pseudococcineus．  AA Stipe slender （1−2．5mm）． Sp）res 8−11．5×      4．5−7 pa （rarely 14．5×7．5 pa）．     o     to cremeous… 28d．    ＊＊ Pileus    naceous tinge・ ii． Pileus remaining glabrous when faded． a． Sphagnicolous． Pileus yellow orange to   orange yellow一・・・・・…一・・… 33． ll． stagninus．

  丁Pileus set with fuscous squamules…

4…＋・・t・一・・@28a． H． turundtts （f． t”rundus）． 十＋ Squamules scarce！y fucescent．     × Lamellae adnate with a decurrent      denticle．・… 一・… 一・一… 一・・26． ff． miniatzas．   × × Lamellae distinctly decurrent．

   O Pileus 10−25mm broad． Lamellae

    yellow to orange yellow・・・…一…一・・・・…     … 27． H． cantharellus （f． eantharellus）．    OPjleus 5−10mm broad，Lamellae whitish        H． tztrztndus f． minor．        dark red brown with a vi−          inRe・一… 一・一・・・… 一…  30． H． dichrozas．

B． Not sphagnicolous．   ” Spores nearly globose， （3．5）4−6（7）×（3．5）   4−5 ite． Pileus orange・・・… 34． H． aurantius． ＊h’： Spores subovate． subg］obose or broadly   e］lipseid， 10−12．5×8“10 tLb． Pileus yellow …    ・・・・・・・・・・… 一・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・… 32．五乙 ∼zabvi彦ellinMs． ＊＊”’ Spores oval， ellipsoid， or cylindric．   △Pileus yellow………・・く45．」U． obrza∬eus．） AA Pileus red， orange， or dull cinnabar．   ＋ Pileus dull cinnabar． Spores 7−10×5．5−7    fb・・i・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・… p−31． H． szabcinnabarinzas． 一’ C i一， P：ileus red to orange．   ）〈 Spores narrower than 3．5 pa （6−7．5×2．5−    3．Em Fb）． Pjleus deep blood red・・・・・・・・・・・・・…J・    ．．・． ・．，一‘・一一… “・・一」・・t・・一・・・・・・… 3L H． cruentzas． × × Spores broader than 3．5ito （7−10．5×3．5−5pa）．   ／’v’ Pileus bright red or orange． Lamellae    near1y triangular ・・・・・… 一 36． H． imazeleii． Cly Piiems Qieep blood red． Lamellae ventri−    ccse， not triangular … 35． H． eoccineus．

嬰R盟C謎OLOMATACEAE Roze

         Trib． LENTINEAE Fayod   The writer proposes to unite Singer’s four tri− bes， ResuPiiiateae， Panelleae， Sehizophylleae， and Lentineae，into one group under the above name．       Resupinatus S． F． Gray   1）R． rhacedium （Berk．＆Curt．） Sing，； Hongo， JT． 」． B． 30： 75． 1955．   On dead trultks of Fraxinzas 一Japan （Honshu （Kyoto））F． Europe， North America．   2） R， si1vanHs （Sacc．） Sing． 一 “1’leurotus apPlicatus sensu Kawam． lcon． 4： 411， fig． 406．

  On dead branches and twigs． 一 Japan

（Honshu）， Europe． ＊     Hohenbanelaelia Schulzer in Schulzer．        Lanitz ＆ Knapp   Only three species are at present Japan， 1       knOW且 in       but more may be found in the future．        Subgen． Serotinia （Pilat） Sing．   1） H． serotina （Fr．） Sing． 一 Pleurotus sere− tinus （Fr．j） Gill．； Kawam． J． J． B． 5： （96） 1928．   On trunks of deciduous trees （Fa．crus， etc）． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu， Shikoku）， Siberia， Eu− rope， N6rth America． O       Subgen． Hohenbuehelia   2）H．grisea（Peck）Sing．一1）lezarotzts grisebls Peck；Yasuda， B． M．31＝（198）1917．   On trunks of Cツcas revolnta，一Japan（Shikoku），

North America．＊

  3）H．reniformis（Fr．）Sing．一．4eanthocystis

reniノ∂r〃zis（Fr．）K廿hn，； Ilnaz．＆Toki， B． F． E． S．87：50．1956．   On trunks of frondose trees （Populus， etc．）．一

Japan〔Honshu（Tokyo）〕， Europe．

       1）ictyopanus Pat．   1） 1）．pusillus （L6v．） Sing． 一一・Polyカorz彦s 1∼hi一 ヵ’漉z切￠Berk． var． pusillus（Pers．）Lloyd；Polyporus pusillus Pers．；Yasuda， B． M 34：（194）1920．   On dead logs or branches of various trees， or

on dead culms of bambusa． Lumillous．一Japan

（Honshu， Shikoku）， Bonin Islands、 Borneo， Su−

matra， North and South America，（Widely dis一

      へ tributed in the troPics．♪   2）］D．foliico且us Kobay． Hattori Bot． Lab．5：3． 1951．   On leaves of frondose trees （Mach〃us thun− bergii， Ficus erecta， etc．）． Luminous，一Japan 〔Kyushu（Miyazaki）〕．＊   3）D．gloeocystidiatus Corner， Trans． Brit． Myc． Soc．37＝258．1954．   On wood． Luminous．一Japan（ls1． Hachijo）．＊       】Panel亘us Karst．

  1）P．stip纐cus（Fr．）Karst．一Panus stiPtiCus

（Fr．）Fr．；Yasuda， B， M．26：（419）1912．   On old stumps of various trees．一Japan（Hok− kaido。 Honshu）， Siberia， Asia Minor， Europe， North America， Australia．       SchizophyU既m Fr．   1）S．commune Fr．一Kawam． Ill， pl，15， figs． 4−7．   On dead wood of various kinds of trees and

stems of herbs．一Cosmopolitan in the temperate

reglons・

  phyHOtopsis（Gilb．＆Donk in Pilat）Sing．

  1）P．nidulans（Fr．） Sing．一Pleurotus nidza− lans（Fr．）Gill．；Yasuda， B． M．29；（263）1915．   On dead wood of various trees．一Japan（Hok− kaido， Honshu）． Europe， North America． O        Pleurotus（Fr．）Qu61．   1）P．dryinus（Fr．）Qu6L 一・47〃li〃aria corti・

56

_{滋 大紀要}

第 cata （Fr．） Karst．； lmai， A． H． 50．   On trunks of various frondose trees． 一 ．iapan （Hokkaido）， Saghalien， Siberia， Europe， North America， Australia， Africa． 0   2） P． ostreatus （Fr．） Qu61．； Kawam． lll． pl． 8， figs． 1−2．   On dead trunks of deciduous trees， or rarely of coniferous trees． 一 Japan （Hokkaido−Kyushu）， Si−

beria， Asia Minor， Europe， North America，

Australia． 0   3） P． spodoleucus （Fr．） Qu61．； lmaz． ＆ Toki， B． F． E． S． 53： 75． 1952．   On dead trunks of deciduous trees （FagMs cre− nata， Acer pictum， etc．）． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe． 0   4） P． cornucopiae （Pers．） Rolland； lmai， A． H． 93．   On trunks of deciduous trees， especially Ulmus．

一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North

America， China， Siberia， Asia Minor． 0   5） P． pulche！lus lmai， B． M． 53： 395． 1939．   On dead trunks． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）．   Material studied： fmai， Sapporo， Hokkaido， 2−IX−1937（H）一type．   The type material is in unsatisfactory condi− tion， and the writer can add no further informa− tion about the taxonomic position of this species．   P． perPzasillus （Fr．） Gill．； Yasuda， B． M． 27： （117） 1913．   Reported from Sendai， but no clear species−con“ cept exists for the fungus in Europe． （Yasuda did not give its microscopic details．） ＊   P． limPidus （Fr．） Gill．； Yasuda， B． M． 36： （228） 1922．   Reported from Hita （Oita−Pref．） and Sendai． Yasuda described the spores as 6−8×3−4 p． ＊        Pa皿us Fr．          Sect． Criniti （Sacc．） Sing．   1） P． tigrinus （Fr．） Sing．一Lentinus tigrinus （Fr．） Fr．； Kawam． lll． pl． 10， figs． 16−18．  On dead trunks of various frondose trees． 一

Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America，

Australia．       Sect Panus   2） P． rudis Fr．； Yasuda， B． M． 27： （305） 1913．   On old logs and stu皿ps of both coniferous and 8 _号

ユ959

frondose trees． 一 Japan （Hokkaido． Honshu），

China， Siberia， Asia Minor， Europe， North

America， Africa． 0   3） P． conchatus （Fr．） Fr．一一P． carneotomentoszts Sacc．； P． torulosus Fr．； Yasuda， B． M． 36： （83） 1922．   On old stumps of various frondose trees． 一

Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America，

Australia．   P． juPonicus Yasuda， B． M． 35： （239） 1921．   On decayed wood in forests．一一Japan （Honshu）．＊

  Reported from the Prefectures of Gunma，

Miyagi and Hyogo． The writer was unable to

locate the type and can add no further informa− tion about the species．        Lentinus Fr．

  1）L1叩ideus（Fr．）Fr．；Kawam． B． M 23：

（356） ユ909．   On living or rotting trunks， also on structural timbers and railway sleepers， always on cDnife− rous wood． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， SRgha− lien， Siberia， Asia Minor， Europe， North America， Australia． 0   2） L． edodes （Berk． non P． Henn．） Sing． 一 Cortinellus Shiitake （Schroet．） P． Henn．； Kawam． Ill． pl． 10， figs． 1−4−Cortinellus Berkeleyanus S． Ito ＆ lmai， B． M． 39： 326． 1925 一Cortinellz・cs edodes （Berk． non P． Henn．） S． lto ＆ lmai， Journ． Soc． Agr． Fo郵est． Sapporo，17：161．1925； 1皿ai， A． H． ors．   On trunks of various kinds of frondose or ra一’ rely coniferous trees． 一 Japan （Hokkaido一 Kyu− shu）， Korea， Formosa， China． 0   3） I」． adhaerens （Fr．） Fr． formi pulveru− lentus （Fr．） Pilat 一 L． pulverulentus Fr．； lmai， A． H． 144．   On structural timbers or dead wood of conifers． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）， Europe， （？） North America．   五．revelatus Berk．； Yasuda， B． M．23：（150） 1914．

  Reported from the Prefectures of Gunma and

Aichi， but the microscopic details were not given．Mi   L． subnudus Berk．； Yasuda， B． M． 2B： （91） 1914．  Reported from Kagoshima． ＊        Pleurocybella Sing．   Singer placed this genus in trib． Clitocybeae．  1） P． porrigeng （Fr．） Sing． 一Pleurotus Por一

  の_{ノ2gens（Fr．）Gi11．；Helnmi， B． M．46：ユ62．1932．}   On decayed wood of conifers（e． g．， Cryptomeria juPonica）．一Japan（Hokkaido， Honshu）， Saghalien，

Europe， North America．0

  2）P．lignatilis（Fr．）Sing．一Tricholomα〃9・

natile（Fr．）R． Maire；Imai， B． M．53；394．1939．   On trunks of frondose trees．一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North America．＊

       Trib． TRICHOLOMATEAE Fayod

  Singer’s五yoPhy〃eae， C〃tocyろθαθ， LeueoPaxil− leae， and Biannularieae are included in this group．        Lyophyllum Karst。   As for the interpretation of this genus， the writer follows mainly Ktihner＆Romagnesi（1953）．        Subgen． LyophyHum

  1）L．aggrega加m（Secr．）Ktihn．

  a）var． aggregatum−Tricholoma S伽Z6ガ

Kawam． Ill． pl．13， figs．8・10−Tricholoma cong− lobatum sensu Kawam．」， F． no 148−Tricholoma

aggregainm（Secr．）Costantin＆Dufour；Imaz．

B．F． E， S．57＝エ48．1952．   Cespitose or gregarious on the ground in woods， especia11y under frondose trees．一Japan（Hokkaido， Honshu）， Siberia， Europe， North America． O

  b）var．10ricatum（Fr．）K面hn．一一Tricholo〃za

cartiiagineum（Fr．）Qu61．；Imai， A． H．70．   Cespitose， on the ground or around  rotting

wood or stumps in wood．一Japan（Hokkaido，

Honshu）， Europe， O

  c）var． fumosum（Fr．）KUhn．一Tricholoma

conglobatum（Vitt．）Sacc．（non Kawam．）； Ilnaz． B．EE， S，57：149．1952−Clitocptろe agglo〃zerata Kawam． Icon，4：440， fig．427（nom． seminud．）一 Lyophy〃um cinerascens（K：onr．）Konr．＆Mauble．； Imaz．＆Hongo． Col． IU．18． pl．4， fig．24．   Densely cespitose on the ground in woods， especially under frondose trees． The stipes are not only clustered， but even fused with one ano− ther at the base．一 Japan（？H：okkaido， Honshu），

Europe， North America．0

  2）L．u藍mariu．m（Fr．）KUhn． 一Tricholoma

ulmarium（Fr．）Karst，；Imai， A． H．78．   Cespitose or solitary， on decaying or Iiving wood of deciduous trees （Ul〃z％s， Fag・％s， etc，）．一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North America．0   3）L．semitale（Fr．）KUhn．一 Tricholo〃za se・ mitale （Fr．） Ricken； lmaz． ＆ Toki， B． F． E． S．67：  49． 1954．    On the ground in pine woods． 一一Japan （Honshu （Tokyo））， Europe． 0   4） L． transforme （Britz．） Sing． 一 Tricholoma

trigonosporum（Bres．）Ricken；1皿ai． B． M．55：

 444． 1941．    On the ground in coniferous or mixed woods． 一Japan （Honshu （Yamanashi））， Europe． 0   5） Trieholorna huinosum （Fr．） lmai （sensu Imai）， A． H． 73．   Cespitose or gregarious on h umus ground in woods or under trees or rarely by roadsides． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）， （？） Europe． O

  This fungus seems to be a merriber of the

group of L． aggregatzam．   Clitocybe decastes （Fr．） Quel． sensu Kawam． Icon． 4： 426， fig． 422．   Reported from Kashiwa． Chi．ba−Pref． lt is very likely to be a variety of L． aggregtxlztm． ＊       Subgen． Tephrophama （Fr，’） Earle   6）L．palustre（Peck）Sin9’。一一 Col／二ybia／euco− myosotis Cooke ＆ Sinith； Kobayasi・， Sei． Res． Ozegahara Moor 558． 1954．   In Sphagnum−bogs． 一JapaiQ （Honshu （Gunma））， Europe， North America． ’i

  7） L． sphaerosporum Kinhn． ＆ Romagn．；

Hongo， M． S． U． 7： 41． 1957．   On charcoal heaps ancl burnfJ soil， 一 Japan ［Honshu （Shiga， Kyoto））， Europe， North America．

  Subgen． Calocybe（K曲n．）Kifhn．＆Ro皿agn．

  8） L． gambosum （Fr．） Sing． 一 Tricholoma gambosum （Fr．） Gill．； Kawarn． 」． F． no． 237．   Amongst grass in pastures， usually on chalk or limestone soil， often forming large rings． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， China， Europe． 0   9） L． fallax （Peck） KUhn． ＆ Romagn．； Hongo， 工J，B．33：41．1958．   On the ground under conifers （Pinus， Crypto− meria， ChamaecyParis， etc．）． 一一 Japan （Honshu （Shiga））， Europe， North America．       Asterophora S． F． Gray  1） A． lycoperdoides S． F． Gray 一 IVyctalis asteroPhora Fr．； Kawam． lll． pl． 9， figs， 7−10．

 On decaying specimens of various species of

Russula （R． nigricans， R． densifolia， R． adusta，

58

滋大紀要

第 8 _号 1 9 5 9 etc．）， or rarely of Lactarius． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North Arnerica．

  2）A．paras互髄臓（Fr．）Sing．；Kawam， Icon．

3： 318．   On decaying specimens of various species of Rblssula （e． g． R． delica） or Lactarizas． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe． ＊        fla￠caria Berk． ＆ Br．   1） L． laecata （Fr．） Berk． ＆ Br．   a） var． laccata−Clitocybe laccata （Fr．） Quel．； Kawam． J． F． no． 222．   On sandy soil under trees in woods or gardens． 一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， China， Asia Minor， Europe， North America， Africa， Australia． O   b）Var． minUta（lmai）且OngO S亡a亡． nOv． 一 Laccaria laccata （Fr．） Berk． ＆ Br． forma minMta Imai， A． H． 90．   On the ground in woods．一Japan （Hokkaido）．   Material studied： lmai， Nopporo， Hokkaido， 17− VII−1932（H）； Sapporo， 23−VIII−1937（H）．   c） var． proxirna （Boud．） ．R． Maire； lmaz． ＆ Hongo， Col． lll． 19． 1957．

 On the ground or amongst Sphagnum in pine

woods． 一 japan （Honshu）， Europe． O

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．卜・4vレ γくム＼

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A

Do b

     go

 Fig． 1． Laccaria nigra Hongo： A， carpophores； Triclaoloma muscarium Kawam． ex Hongo； C， carpophores； D， spores． （A， C ×3！4； B． D ×1100）   2） L． tortilis （Fr．） Pat．； Hongo， M． S． U． 7： 42． 1957．   On sandy soil （amongst moss or grass） in woods or gardens． 一 Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America．   3） L． amethystina （Fr．） Berk． ＆ Br．一Clitocybe laccata （Fr．） Quel． var． amethystina （Fr．） Ricken； Kawam． J． E no． 28．   On the ground （under trees） in woods or gar− dens． 一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Asia Minor， Europe， North America． 0   4） L． murina lmai， A． H． 9i．   Gregarious on the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido）． “   5） L． nigra Hongo sp． nov． （fig． 1． A−B）   Pileo 8−22mm lato， obtuse conico vel convexo，

deinde expanso． obtuse mammoso vel gibboso，

glabro， hygrophano， e cinereo subfusco， et etiam medio obscuriore （fere nigro）， pellucide striato ir

humidis；carne tenui， me皿branacea， concolori、

odore ±alcalino； lamellis adnexis vel adnatis， distantibus（L一 18 一 10 ； 1 ＝一 1 一3）， ventricosis， 1−3mm latis， crassiusculis， cinereis； stipite 18−35mm longo， 1．5−3rnm crasso， aequali， pileo concolori， fistuloso，       ±fibri！loso． Sporis sphaeroideis，       echinatis， 8−9．5 pa （10−12．5 lb       verrucls inclusis）， 1−guttulatis，       nonal皿yloideis；basidiis bisporis，       35−45×9．5一工4p；cystidiis cheilo−       cystidiisque nullis； hyphis in       carpophori omnibus fibulatis．       Scattered on humus under       Pinus and frondose trees． 一       Endemic （Honshu （Shiga））．       Material studied： Hongo，       Omi−Jingu， Otsu， Shiga 10−VI−       1958−type．       Probably uncommon． Easily       recognizable by its somewhat       mycenoid habit， the dark color       of all parts， and the two−spor−       ed basidia． lts gill−trama is       regular and consisting of 3−9．5       ib thick hyphae； pellicle not B， spores．       well differentiated．       This species is near to L． mu一

rina ln the dark colors， but is easily distingui− shable by the Mycena−like appearance． According to Dr． lmai’s personal elucidation and his water− color drawings， the latter is in appearance simi− lar to L． laccata or L． amethystina rather than to the present fungus．        Key to the species in Japan． 1． Fructification， especially lamellae， salmon or   flesh color． A． Large to medium （pileus 2−5cm）．   1． Spores globose， 7．5−10 pa （excl． spines）；    spines 〈1 fb・・・・・・… la． L． laccata var． laccata．   2． Spores broadly ellipsoid or subglobose， 6．5−    8、5×55−7μ；spines 〈1μ．………・・… …     ……一・……・…・・…・・ 1C．ムlaccata var． proxima． B． Small to very small （pileus 5−10mm）．   1． Pileus not or hardly striate． Basidia 4−spored．    Spores as in the typical L． laccata一・・・・・・・・・・・…     iJ・… i… 一・一・一・… e・… 一・・lb． L． laccata var． minuta．   2． Pileus striate． Basidia 2−spored． Spores glo−    bose， 10−12．5ice； spines ＞1 ite・”… 2． L． tortilis． II． Fructification， especially lamellae， deep violet   or amethyst ”’・一・一・’’”・・… ’・・‘…3． L． amethystina． III． Fructification gi’ay， fuscous or blackish． A． Shape of p“eus like that of L． laccata， only   shortly striate at the margin・一・… 4． L． murina． B． Pileus 1；ttZ’_{凾モ?獅＝￨like， striate almost to the disc}   when moist…一・・・・・・…一・・・・・・・・・・・…一一… 5． L． nigra．        Lampteromyces Sing．   1） L． japonicus （Kawam．） Sing，一 Pleurotus juponicus Kawam． journ． Coll． Sci． lmp． Univ． Tokyo， 35 （3）： 2， pls． 1−2． 1915−Armilgaria 1’apo− niea （Kawam．） lmai， A． H． 52．   On dead trunks of beech （Fagets crenata． F． juponica） or maple （Acer mono） in woods． Lumi− nous．一Japan （Hokkaido−Kyushu）． ×   Material studied： lgarashi， Hakodate， Hokkaido， 3−X−1955（H）； flo’ngo， near Yachi hot−springs， Aomori， 2一一X一一1953； E｛ongo， Mt． Garyu． ffiroshima， 13−X−1956．       （）litocybe （Fr．） Quel．   Thirteen species are known at present in Japan， butエnore wlll very likely be discovered in the future． The southwestern part of Japan． where forests of evergreen broad−ieaved trees develop， seems to be rather poor in species of this genus．        Subgen． Citoeybe         Sect． Disciformes （Fr．） Quel．   1） C． nebularis （Fr．） Quel．； lmai， A． H． 80．  On the ground in woods， among fallen leaves． 一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Asia Minor， Europe，

North America． 0

  1’） forma alba （Lange） lmai， A． H． 81．   On the ground in woods， among fallen leaves．一 Japan （Hokkaido）， Europe． 0 ＊  2） C． elavipes （Fr．） Quel．； lmai， A． H． 81．  On the ground in woods， especially of Fagus．

一Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North

America． 0

 3） C． odora （F＝） Qu61．； lmai， B． M． 53： 394． 1939．  In deciduous woods．一Japan （Honshu）， Europe，

North America． O

       Sect． CHtocybe  4） C． infundibulifermis （Fr．） Quel．； lmai， A H・ 84e

 On the ground in woods．一Japan （Hokkaido，

Honshu）， Siberia， Asia Minor， Europe， North America， Australia． 0   5） C． maxima （Fr．） Quel．； Kawam． lcon． 4： 425， figs． 420−421．   In woods， or in pastures．一Japan （Honshu）， Europe． North America． O ＊  6） C． geotrepa （Fr．） Quel； Kobayasi in Asa− hina， lnkwashokubutu Dukan 531． 1939．   In open spaces in woods， or in pastures．一Japan （Honshu）， Europe， North America， Africa． 0  7） C． acromelalga Ichimura， Bot． Gaz． 65： 110． 1918．   In bamboo forests， often growing in rings．一 Japan （Honshu）． ×   Material studied： ．E［ongo， Takashima−cho， Shiga， 9−XI−1949．        Sect． Candicantes Quel．   8） C． fragrans （Fr．） Qu61．； Hongo， J． J． B． 30： 215． 1955．   In frondose woods， sometimes in bamboo forests． 一Japan CHonshu （Shiga））， Siberia， Europe， Africa， （？） North America． 0   9） C． catinus （Fr，） Quel．； lmai， A． H． 85．   On the ground in woods． 一 Japan （Hokkaido， Honshu）， Europe， North America． O