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The Role of Sodium, Calcium, and Magnesium Transport in the Renal Distal Tubule

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―  257  ―

The Role of Sodium, Calcium, and Magnesium Transport in the Renal Distal Tubule

Toshiki Y AMADA , Satomi K ITA , Takuya I YODA , Shintaro Y AMAMOTO  and Takahiro I WAMOTO

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University

Abstract:The renal distal tubule, which includes the early distal tubule(i.e., the distal convo- luted  tubule)and  the  late  distal  tubule(i.e.,  the  connecting  segment  and  initial  collecting  tu- bule),  plays  an  important  role  in  regulating  ion  homeostasis,  body  fluid  volume,  and  blood  pressure. These tubular segments regionally express many kinds of ion channels and transport- ers  permeable  to  Na

,  Ca

2+

,  and  Mg

2+

,  which  are  exquisitely  tuned  by  several  regulatory  mechanisms.  Recent  molecular  biological  and  electrophysiological  studies  revealed  the  physio- logical  functions  and  regulatory  mechanisms  of  Na

,  Ca

2+

,  and  Mg

2+

  transports  in  the  distal  tubule. This  short  review  presents  the  recent  advance  in  the  understanding  of  the  roles  of  the  distal tubule in regulating cation metabolism.

Key words:Renal distal tubule, Ion channel, Ion transporter, Mg

2+

 transport

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