EDITOR
HAMASHITA Takeshi, Research Department Head, The Toyo Bunko; Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
KOMATSU Hisao, Professor, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (Central Asia) MIURA Toru, Professor, Ochanomizu University (West Asia)
MORI Kazuko, Professor Emeritus, Waseda University (Modern China) SEO Tatsuhiko, Professor, Chuo University (Premodern China)
SHIMAO Minoru, Professsor, Keio University (South and Southeastern Asia) UMEMURA Hiroshi, Professor Emeritus, Chuo University (Central Asia)
ASIAN RESEARCH TRENDS NEW SERIES (ISSN 1880-7313) is published annually by The Toyo Bunko. All inquiries should be addressed to:
The Toyo Bunko, Honkomagome 2-28-21, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0021, Japan.
http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/
All of the articles in this journal have been commissioned directly by the editor and/or members of the editorial committee. The content of the articles and features contained herein do not necessarily represent the views of the editorial committee of The Toyo Bunko. Their authors are solely responsible for the opinions expressed.
Japanese personal names appear with the family name first, followed by the given name.
This issue was published with funding from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology for the year of 2018.
©The Toyo Bunko 2018
Printed in Japan by Fuji Repro Co., Ltd.
CONTRIBUTORS
Yoshida Yutaka, Professor, Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University; Linguistic Studies of Middle Iranian languages
Yao Takao, Professor, Graduate School of Letters, Hiroshima University; History of Premodern Southeast Asia
Kai Yiu Chan, Assosiate Professor, National Cheng Kung University; Socio-Economic and Business History of Taiwan
Book design by Margaret Ng