߳ Γ͕͍ͭͭ͘͜͠·Ͱ΋ ߳ྉ࢈ ۀͷ ੒ཱ ʹ ࢸ Δɻ ౰࣌ ͷۙ ୅ Խ ෦ ԰ʹφοπϝά΍ϒϥοΫϖύʔͳͲεύΠεͷڧ͍ ࣍ୈ ʹ ߳ྉ ͱͯ͠ͷ ར༻ ͕֦͕ͬͯɺ͍ͭʹ͸ ඞࢮ ʹ ᄿ ͍Ͱ֮͑ͨͷ͕ջ͔͘͠ɺڱ͍ ਫ਼༉ ʹ ൺ ΂҆Ձʹ ख ʹ ೖ ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ ͷݚ म Ͱ ೏ ͍ ࢴ ʹ ෇ ͚ͯ ࣾ һ ྈ ·Ͱ ࣋ ͔ͪ͑Γ త ʹ ߹੒ ͞Εɺ ೃછ Έ͕ͳ͔ͬͨ͜ΕΒͷ ਫ਼༉ Λɺ ೖࣾޙ ൽ ΞϧσώυɺϕϯζΞϧσώυɺΞωτʔϧ͕Խֶ औ ΕΔ ਫ਼༉ Ͱ͋Γɺ׷٦ͱҧ

ҩֶͱ ੜ෺ֶ ïĔĬīİ Īİ ĵĬ Ĩĵī ĉİ Ķij ĶĮŀð

ɹ ϋʔϒͱ εύΠ ε͸Ͳͪ Β ΋ Ϥ ʔϩ ο ύ Ͱ͸ݹ͘ ͔Β ೔ ৗੜ׆ͷதͰར༻͞ Εͯ ͍ Δ ਓؒʹ ର͠ ͯ ಠಛͷޮ༻ͱ ػೳੑΛ ΋ ͭ

༗༻ͳ২෺Ͱ͋Γ ɺ ϋʔϒ͸߳૲ɺ εύΠ ε͸߳ਏྉͱ ݴΘΕΔ Α ͏ ʹ େࡶ೺ʹ ෼͚

Δ ͱ ২෺ͷ༿΍ܪɺ ՖΛ ར༻͢Δ ͷ͕ϋʔ ϒͰɺ ࠜ΍छࢠɺ Ռ࣮Λ ס૩͠ ͯ ࢖͏ ͷ͕

εύΠ εͰ͋Δ ɻ ͍ͣΕ΋ จࣈ௨Γ ڧ͍߳

Γ ނʹ ϋʔϒ΍εύΠ ε͔Β ਫৠؾৠཹʹ Α Γ औΓ ग़͞ ΕΔ ๕߳ਫ਼༉ʢΤο η ϯγϟ ϧΦΠ ϧʣ ͕ݹ͘ ͔Β ߳ྉݪྉͱ ͠ ͯ ࢖༻

͞ Εͯ ͖ ͨɻ ߳ྉձࣾʹ ೖͬ ͯ ઌ֮ͣ͑Δ ͷ͸ఱવ߳ྉͷதͰ΋ ׷٦ͷਫ਼༉ͱ ฒΜͰ

࠷΋ ॏཁͳ߳ྉݪྉɺ ϋʔϒͱ εύΠ ε͔

Β औΕΔ ਫ਼༉Ͱ͋Γ ɺ ׷٦ͱ ҧͬ ͯ ͋· Γ

ೃછΈ͕ͳ͔ͬ ͨ͜ ΕΒ ͷਫ਼༉Λ ɺ ೖࣾޙ ͷݚमͰ೏͍ࢴʹ ෇͚ͯ ࣾһྈ· Ͱ࣋ͪ ͔

͑Γ ඞࢮʹ ᄿ͍Ͱ֮͑ͨͷ͕ջ͔͠ ͘ ɺ ڱ

͍෦԰ʹ φο π ϝ ά΍ϒϥ ο Ϋ ϖύʔͳͲ εύΠ εͷڧ͍߳Γ ͕͠ ͭ͜ ͘ ͍ͭ· Ͱ΋

࢒ͬ ͯ ͍ͨͷ͕ࢥ͍ग़͞ ΕΔ ɻ

ɹ ̎ ̌ ̍ ̌ ೥ͷϊ ʔϕϧԽֶ৆ʹ ೋਓͷ೔

ຊਓʢࠜ؛ӳҰɺ ླ໦ষʣ ͕ड৆͠ ͨͷ͸

هԱʹ ৽͠ ͘ Խֶ΁ͷؔ৺͕ߴ· Δ ͷΛ େ

͍ʹ ظ଴͢Δ ͷͰ͋Δ ͕ɺ ϋʔϒ΍εύΠ ε͕ۙ୅Խֶͷ஀ੜʹ ਂ͘ ؔΘͬ ͯ ͍Δ ͷ Λ ஌Δ ਓ͕গͳ͍ͷ͸େม࢒೦ʹ ࢥͬ ͯ ͍ Δ ɻ ϋʔϒ΍εύΠ εΛ ݚڀର৅ͱ ͠ ͯ ༗

ޮͳ߳Γ ੒෼Λ ໌Β ͔ʹ ͠ Խֶతʹ ͭ͘ Γ ग़͢͜ ͱ ͔Β ۙ୅Խֶ͸ελ ʔτ ͠ ͯ ͍ Δ ɻ ḪΔ ͜ ͱ ̎ ̌ ̌ ೥લͷ̍ ̕ ੈلʹ υ Π π ͷԽֶऀΛ த৺ʹ ͠ ͯ ɺ ۩ମతʹ ͸ஸ

ࣈɺ ܡൽɺ ҍਔɺ ᣋ߳ʢӳޠ໊͸Ϋ ϩ ʔ ϒɺ γϯφϞ ϯɺ ΞʔϞ ϯυ ɺ ϑ Σ ϯω ϧʣ ͳͲͷεύΠ εਫ਼༉ͷ߳Γ ੒෼Ͱ͋Δ ΦΠ ήϊ ʔϧɺ ܡൽΞϧσώ υ ɺ ϕϯζΞ ϧσώ υ ɺ Ξω τ ʔϧ͕Խֶతʹ ߹੒͞

Εɺ ਫ਼༉ʹ ൺ΂҆Ձʹ खʹ ೖΔ Α ͏ ʹ ͳΓ

࣍ୈʹ ߳ྉͱ ͠ ͯ ͷར༻͕֦͕ͬ ͯ ɺ ͍ͭ

ʹ ͸߳ྉ࢈ۀͷ੒ཱʹ ࢸΔ ɻ ౰ ࣌ͷۙ୅Խ Ģ ૯આ Ĥ

ϋʔϒͱ εύΠ ε

ງߐɹ ഹ

όΠ ΦςΫ ϊ ϩ δʔඪ४Խࢧԉڠձɺ

ʢݩʣ Ԙ໺߳ྉ

ɹ ϋʔϒʢ߳૲ʣ ͱ εύΠ εʢ߳ਏྉʣ ͸ओʹϤ ʔϩ ο ύͰར༻͞ Εͯ ͖ ͨ߳ ཁࢫ Γ ͷڧ͍২෺༝དྷͷ৯඼ఴՃ෺Ͱɺ øĀੈلʹ࢝· ͬ ͨ߳Γ ੒෼ͷݚڀ͕ۙ୅Խ

ֶͷ஀ੜʹਂ͘ ؔΘͬ ͯ ͍Δ ɻ ౦ೆΞδΞݪ࢈ͷεύΠ εྨ͕ओʹྉཧʹ࢖Θ ΕΔ ͷʹର͠ ͯ ςΟ ʔͱ ͠ ͯ ൃల͠ ͯ ͖ ͨϋʔϒ͸ΪϦ γΞϩ ʔϚ ͳͲ஍தւ Ԋ؛ʹ࢝· Γ ๺্͠ ͨྺ࢙͕͋Δ ɻ ϓϧʔετ ͷখઆͰ฾ఏथՖͷϋʔϒ ςΟ ʔͷ߳Γ Ͱಥવओਓެ͕ੲͷهԱΛ औΓ ໭͢༗໊ͳ৔໘͕͋Γ ɺ ͜ ΕΛ ϓ ϧʔετ ݱ৅ͱ ݺͿɻ ۙ೥͸Ξϩ Ϛ ςϥ ϐʔͱ ͠ ͯ ਫ਼༉ͳͲ߳૲੒෼͕࢖ΘΕ Δ ͠ ɺ ϋʔϒༀ౬ʢςΟ ʔʣ Λ ੢༸׽ํͷḦ͡ ༀͱ ͍͏ ͜ ͱ ΋ ͋Δ ɻ

Ωʔϫ ʔυɿ ϋʔϒɺ εύΠ εɺ ߳૲ɺ ߳ਏྉɺ ߳ྉɺ ߳ਫɺ ਫ਼༉ɺ ༀ౬ɺ Ξ ϩ Ϛςϥ ϐʔɺ ϓϧʔετ ݱ৅ɺ ϓϧʔετ ޮՌ

7PM J @SK

࿈བྷઌɿ

&NBJM IPSJFLI!UFBPEOOFKQ

˟ ౦ژ౎൘ڮ۠஥॓

೥ ݄ ೔ ड෇

೥ ݄ ೔ डཧ

ҩֶͱ ੜ෺ֶ ïĔĬīİ Īİ ĵĬ Ĩĵī ĉİ Ķij ĶĮŀð

ֶͷ੒ՌΛ ͋Β Θ͢৅௃తͳग़དྷࣄͱ ͠

ͯ ɺ ੨৭৭ૉͷΠ ϯσ Řΰͷ߹੒͕ҹ౓ͷ ཟͷੜ࢈ʹ յ໓తͳଧܸΛ ༩͑υ Π π ͱ Π ΪϦ εͷਂࠁͳରཱΛ ੜΜͩ͜ ͱ ͕஌Β Ε

ͯ ͍Δ ͕ɺ ߳ྉͷ৔߹͸ݩͷΫ ϩ ʔϒɺ γ ϯφϞ ϯɺ Ξχε౳ͷਫ਼༉͕ࠓͰ΋ ॏཁͳ ఱવ߳ྉͱ ͠ ͯ ߹੒߳ྉͷΦΠ ήϊ ʔϧɺ ܡൽΞϧσώ υ ɺ Ξω τ ʔϧͱ ฒߦ͠ ͯ ࢖ ΘΕͯ ͍Δ ͷ͕ͱ ͯ ΋ ڵຯਂ͘ ɺ ৭߳ͱ Ұ ݴͰׅΕΔ ΄Ͳ୯७Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ ͱ ͜ Ζ Ͱ ϋʔϒ΍εύΠ εͷ߳Γ ੒෼ͷ΄ͱ ΜͲ͕

ُͷߕ ͱ ͍ΘΕΔ ࿡֯ ܗͷϕϯθϯ؀ʢ๕

߳؀ͱ ΋ ͍ΘΕΔ ʣ Λ ΋ ͬ ͯ ͍Δ ͜ ͱ ͕ɺ Խ߹෺ͷάϧʔϓ໊ɺ ๕߳଒Խ߹෺ͷ༝དྷ ʹ ͳͬ ͨ͜ ͱ ͸Α ͘ ஌Β Εͯ ͍Δ ɻ ۙ୅Խ

ֶ͕߳ྉͷݚڀ͔Β ελ ʔτ ͠ ͨྺ࢙తܦ Ң͕͜ ͷ͜ ͱ ͔Β ΋ Θ͔Δ ͷ͕خ͠ ͍ɻ ɹ ߳Γ Ҏ֎ʹ ৭΍ਏຯͳͲಛ༗ͳ੒෼Λ ซ

ͤ΋ ͭεύΠ ε͕ྉཧʹ Α ͘ ࢖ΘΕΔ ͷʹ ର͠ ͯ ɺ ϋʔϒ͸߳Γ ͷޮೳ͕ओͨΔ ཁૉ

Ͱ͋Δ ͜ ͱ ͕ ੈلʹ ೖͬ ͯ ਫ਼༉Λ ࢖͏

Ξϩ Ϛςϥ ϐʔ΁ͷಓΛ ։͘ ͜ ͱ ʹ ͳΔ ɻ

࠷ۙͷΞϩ Ϛςϥ ϐʔͷීٴʹ ͸໨ Λ ݟு

Β ͤΔ ΋ ͷ͕͋Γ ɺ ϥ ϕϯμʔɺ Χ Ϟ ϛ ϧɺ λ Π Ϝ ɺ η ʔδɺ ϩ ʔζϚϦ ʔɺ όδ ϧɺ ϢʔΧ Ϧ ͳͲఱવ߳ྉૉࡐͱ ͠ ͯ ॏཁ ͳਫ਼༉͕Ξϩ Ϛςϥ ϐʔʹ ͸Α ͘ ࢖ΘΕͯ

͍Δ Α ͏ Ͱɺ ਫ਼༉Λ ௚઀࢖͏ ͜ ͱ ͸ग़དྷͳ

͍ͷͰී௨͸২෺༉ͰബΊͨ΋ ͷΛ ମʹ ృ

ͬ ͯ ޮՌΛ ظ଴͢Δ ͜ ͱ ʹ ͳΔ ɻ ߳ྉݪྉ ͱ ͠ ͯ ࢖͍׳Εͯ ͍ͨਫ਼༉ʹ ԿΒ ͔ͷ࣏ྍ

ޮՌ͕͋Δ ͱ ͍͏ ͜ ͱ Λ ॳΊͯ ฉ͍ͨ࣌ʹ

͸ڻ͍͕ͨɺ αΠ Τϯεతʹ ͸· ͩෆ໌ͳ

఺͕ଟ͍ͷͰࠓޙͷݚڀΛ ଴ͭ͜ ͱ ʹ ͠ ͨ

͍ͱ ࢥͬ ͯ ͍Δ ɻ · ͨԽֶ͕ͭ͘ Γ ग़͢߹

੒߳ྉΛ ૊ΈࠐΜͩۙ୅߳ਫͷ஀ੜ͕ɺ ϋʔϒͷதͰ΋ ಛʹ Ֆͷ߳Γ ͷޮ༻Λ େ͖

͘ ޿͛Δ ͜ ͱ ʹ ͳͬ ͨͷ͕ͩɺ ຊ୊͔Β ͸

֎ΕΔ ͷͰ· ͨͷػձʹ ৡΓ ͍ͨɻ

ɹ εύΠ ε͕ҹ౓ͷމᑦɺ εϦ ϥ ϯΧ ͷγ ϯφϞ ϯɺ Π ϯυ ω γΞͷΫ ϩ ʔϒ౳Ξδ Ξʹ ༝དྷ͢Δ ͷʹ ର͠ ͯ ɺ ϋʔϒ͸ΪϦ γϟ ɺ ϩ ʔϚͷੲ͔Β Ϥ ʔϩ ο ύɺ ಛʹ ஍ தւԊ؛ͷ২෺Λ ىݯͱ ͠ ͯ ࣍ୈʹ ๺΁֦

͕Γ ఆண͠ ͯ ͍ͬ ͨྺ࢙తܦҢ͕͋Γ ɺ ׽

ํͷༀ૲Λ ౦༸ϋʔϒͱ ݴ͏ ͷʹ ฿ͬ ͯ ɺ

ϋʔϒྍ๏Λ ੢༸׽ํͱ ݴ͏ ਓ΋ ͍Δ Α ͏ Ͱ͋Δ ɻ ׽ํༀ͕ී௨Ḧ͡ ͯ ҿ· ΕΔ Α ͏ ʹ ఻౷తͳϋʔϒͷར༻͸ϋʔϒς Řʔʹ ਚ͖ Δ Α ͏ Ͱɺ ͓஡΍ί ʔώ ʔ͕঺հ͞ Ε Δ · ͰϏʔϧ΍ϫ Π ϯͳͲΞϧί ʔϧҿྉ Λ আ͘ ͱ Ϥ ʔϩ ο ύͷ఻౷తͳҿ෺͸ɺ ϋʔϒς Řʔ͚ͩͰ͋ͬ ͨɻ ߳ྉͷ࢓ࣄΛ

࢝Ίͨ൒ੈلલʹ ͸ϋʔϒ΋ ஌Β ͣɺ ϋʔ ϒς Řʔ΋ ҿΜͩ͜ ͱ ͕ͳ͔ͬ ͨ͜ ͱ Λ ৼ Γ ฦΔ ͱ ɺ ݱࡏՈఉͰ΋ ֎Ͱ΋ ϋʔϒς Ř ʔ͕ಛผͳҿ෺Ͱ͸ͳ͘ ͳͬ ͯ ͍Δ ͜ ͱ ʹ ִੈͷײΛ ๊͘ ͷͰ͋Δ ɻ

ɹ ೏͍΍߳Γ Λ ᄿ͍ͰಥવաڈͷهԱ͕ࢥ

͍ग़͞ ΕΔ ঢ়ଶΛ ࢦ͠ ͯ ϓϧʔετ ݱ৅ͱ ݺͿͷͰ͋Δ ͕ɺ ໊લͷ༝དྷ͸ϑ ϥ ϯεͷ

࡞Ոɺ Ϛϧη ϧɾ ϓϧʔετ ͷখઆʮࣦΘ Εͨ࣌Λ ٻΊͯ ʯ ͷҰઅ͔Β དྷͯ ͍ͯ ɺ ओ ਓެ͕ߚ஡ʹ ਁ͠ ͨϚυ Ϩʔψ ՛ࢠͷҰย Λ ޱ ʹ ೖΕͨॠؒɺ ༮͍࣌ͷهԱ͕઱΍͔

ʹ 伻Δ ༗໊ͳճ૝γʔϯʹ ֘౰ ͢Δ ɻ ͔֬

ʹ ओਓެ͸ߚ஡ʹ ਁ͠ ͨϚυ Ϩʔψ ͔Β ճ

૝ͷ͖ ͬ ͔͚Λ ͔ͭΉͷ͕ͩɺ ༮͍࣌ʹ ओ ਓެͷ॑฼ͷ෦԰Ͱޱ ʹ ೖΕͨϚυ Ϩʔψ

͸฾ఏथͷՖͷༀ౬ʢϑ ϥ ϯεޠͰς Ř Ϣʔϧʣ ʹ ਁ͠ ͨ΋ ͷͩͬ ͨͱ ݪ࡞ʹ ͸ॻ

͔Εͯ ͍Δ ɻ ϓϧʔετ ͷখઆΛ ঺հ͢Δ

࣌ʹ ϋʔϒς Řʔ͕ൈ͚མͪ ɺ ೔ ຊਓʹ ೃ છΈͷ͋Δ ߚ஡ͷํ͕ਓޱ ʹ ᢅᖰ͠ ͨ΋ ͷ ͱ ࢥΘΕΔ ɻ ੈلͷ൒͹ࠒ· Ͱ͸ϑ ϥ ϯεͰ΋ · ͩϋʔϒς Řʔʢༀ౬ʣ ͷํ͕

ී௨ͷՈఉͰ͸Α ͘ ҿ· Εͯ ͍ͯ ߚ஡͸৽

͠ ͍ҿ෺ͩͬ ͨͷ͕ɺ ੈلʹ ೖΔ ͱ ΋

͏ ಛผͷҿ෺Ͱ͸ͳ͘ ͳͬ ͯ ͍ͨ͜ ͱ ͕͜

ͷΤϐι ʔυ ͔Β Θ͔Γ ɺ ̍ ̌ ̌ ೥ͷࡀ݄

Λ ִͯ ϑ ϥ ϯεͱ ೔ ຊͰϋʔϒς Řʔͱ ߚ

஡ͷؔ܎͕ٯʹ ͳͬ ͯ ͍Δ ͷ͕໘ന ͍ɻ ɹ ϓϧʔετ ݱ৅ʹ ͍ͭͯ ͸ɺ ࣮͸ೋे೥

΄Ͳલʹ ॻ͍ͨΤο η Π ͷςʔϚ͕ʮϚυ Ϩʔψ ͷ߳Γ ʯ Ͱ͋Γ ɺ ౰ ࣌͸฾ఏथͷՖ ͷϋʔϒς Řʔͱ ͷ݁ͼ෇͖ ͸શ͘ ஌Β ͣ ߚ஡Λ લఏʹ ͠ ͯ ࿩Λ ਐΊ͔ͨΒ ɺ ͦͷޙ ϋʔϒς Řʔͷهड़Λ ஌ͬ ͯ Ҏདྷͪ ΐ ͬ ͱ

಄ͷย۱ʹ Ҿ ͬ ֻ͔ͬ ͯ ͍ͨͷͰ͋Δ ɻ ߚ

஡ͷํ͕͸Δ ͔ʹ ՚΍͔Ͱෳࡶͳ߳Γ Λ ͠

ͯ ͍Δ ͷͰϋʔϒς Řʔʹ ਁ͠ ͨϚυ Ϩʔ

ψ ͩͬ ͨΒ ΋ ͏ গ͠ ҧ͏ ॻ͖ ํʹ ͳͬ ͔ͨ

ҩֶͱ ੜ෺ֶ ïĔĬīİ Īİ ĵĬ Ĩĵī ĉİ Ķij ĶĮŀð

΋ ஌Εͳ͍ɻ ͦΕʹ ͠ ͯ ΋ ౰࣌ظ଴͠ ͨ߳

Γ ͱ هԱͷؔ܎ʹ ͍ͭͯ ͸࢒೦ͳ͕Β ະͩ

ղ໌͞ Εͯ ͍ͳ͍ͷ͕࣮৘Ͱɺ ߳Γ ʹ Α Δ هԱྗͷڧԽ΋ Ϙέ๷ࢭ΋ · ࣮ͩ༻Խʹ ͸ ఔԕ͘ ɺ ೴ՊֶͷߋͳΔ ਐలΛ ଴ͭ΄͔ͳ

͍Α ͏ Ͱ͋Δ ɻ

ҩֶͱ ੜ෺ֶ ïĔĬīİ Īİ ĵĬ Ĩĵī ĉİ Ķij ĶĮŀð

Herb and Spice

Hajime Horie

1

Supporting Association for Biotechnology Standardization (SABS)

2

Shiono Koryou Kaisha, Ltd (former affiliation)

Summary

Herbs, originally developed in ancient south European countries, have widely been used as additives to give aroma in food, and later, many kinds of spices were imported from south Asia. Those are all made from plants. Aromatic substances, extracted and purified, contributed tremendously to organic chemistry in early 19th century along with dyestuff like indigo. In a famous scene in a novel, À la recherche du temps perdu, by a French novelist Marcel Proust, the main character was all of sudden brought back to an old memory when he sipped an aromatic herb tea. In this old memory, his aunt served him tea with the same aroma. This remarkable effect of aroma is now known as Proust effect. Aroma therapy has become popular which uses essential oils for medical use.

Key Words: herb, spice, aroma, essential oils, herb tea, aromatherapy, Proust effect Corresponding Author:

E­mail: [email protected]