• 検索結果がありません。

液状化と津波によるコンクリート建築物の倒壊メカニズムに関する遠心模型実験Centrifuge study on collapse mechanism of concrete buildings due to liquefaction and tsunami

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

シェア "液状化と津波によるコンクリート建築物の倒壊メカニズムに関する遠心模型実験Centrifuge study on collapse mechanism of concrete buildings due to liquefaction and tsunami"

Copied!
1
0
0

読み込み中.... (全文を見る)

全文

(1)

A10

液状化と津波によるコンクリート建築物の倒壊メカニズムに関する遠心模型実験

Centrifuge study on collapse mechanism of concrete buildings due to liquefaction and tsunami

〇飛田哲男・井合進・大内俊介 〇Tetsuo TOBITA, Susumu IAI, Syunsuke OUCHI

To study the failure mechanism of RC and steel frame buildings collapsed in Onagawa-cho after the 2011 off-the Pacific Coast of Tohoku earthquake, centrifuge model tests are conducted with a scaled model of 1/200. So far, among specialists, a major cause of the collapse has been imagined as a combined action of liquefaction and tsunami. In the test, dynamic excitation was imposed on a model structure placed on a liquefiable sandy ground. Then, by opening a gate of a water tank attached to a side of the model container, a simulated tsunami wave is generated. In a series of the test, timing of the tsunami arrival, which is either during or after liquefaction (in terms of an excess pore water pressure ratio), is considered as a parameter. Obtained results support the speculation of specialists, i.e., combined action of liquefaction and tsunami caused the catastrophic failure of those structures.

1.はじめに 東北地方太平洋沖地震時に発生した津波により, 宮城県女川町では,複数の杭基礎構造物の転倒事 例が報告されている.本研究では,この転倒現象 のメカニズムとして,液状化と津波の複合的な作 用を考え,遠心模型実験により検討する. 2.遠心模型実験 実験は,拡張型相似則を用いて遠心場の縮尺を 1/20,1g 場の縮尺を 1/10 にして 1/200 の模型で行 った.また,基礎の杭長と過剰間隙水圧の有無を パラメータとして加振+津波実験を実施した.模 型は,図 1 に示すように,杭を剛結した構造物模 型を,地中のアルミブロック上に設置し,同ブロ ックと同じ高さに密な地盤を敷き,その上に杭長 と 同 じ 層 厚 で ゆ る 詰 め 飽 和 地 盤 を 相 対 密 度 が 50%になるように作成した.実験では,地盤が液 状化中,すなわち過剰間隙水圧が高い状態の時に 津波を与えた場合と(Case 1-1),液状化が終了し, 過剰間隙水圧が消散した後に津波を与えた場合 (Case 1-2)など,計 6 ケース行った.

図 2(a)と(b)は,それぞれ Case 1-1 と Case 1-2 の 津波後の模型構造物の状態である.Case 1-1 では, 水位低下後も回転が進行し,最終的に 45°程度傾 いて止まっている.一方 Case 1-2 では,水位が上 昇しても大きく傾くことはなく,水位が低下し始 めるとほぼ元の位置へ戻っている. 3.まとめ 杭基礎構造物は,地盤の液状化により杭の横抵 抗および周面摩擦力が減少している状態で津波の 波力を受けると転倒することが確認できた. 8.4m 12m 74m 平面図 →海側 内陸側← 図 1 実験模型の概要 (a) 液状化中(Case 1-1) (b) 液状化後(Case 1-2) 図 2 津波のタイミングと構造物の変形

参照

関連したドキュメント

Chiang Mai was established as a free state of Lanna Kingdom in 1296 and was annexed to Siam in 1884. The urban area is located between Suthep.. Mountain on the west and

Two grid diagrams of the same link can be obtained from each other by a finite sequence of the following elementary moves.. • stabilization

[9] H Behr, Arithmetic groups over function elds; A complete characterization of nitely generated and nitely presented arithmetic subgroups of reductive alge- braic groups,

Standard domino tableaux have already been considered by many authors [33], [6], [34], [8], [1], but, to the best of our knowledge, the expression of the

In this, the first ever in-depth study of the econometric practice of nonaca- demic economists, I analyse the way economists in business and government currently approach

Therefore, with the weak form of the positive mass theorem, the strict inequality of Theorem 2 is satisfied by locally conformally flat manifolds and by manifolds of dimensions 3, 4

Keywords: continuous time random walk, Brownian motion, collision time, skew Young tableaux, tandem queue.. AMS 2000 Subject Classification: Primary:

This paper presents an investigation into the mechanics of this specific problem and develops an analytical approach that accounts for the effects of geometrical and material data on