Field Tests of a Power Storage System with a Li-ion Battery for a DC Railway Feeding System

THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING REVIEW OF DOSHISHA UNIVERSITY, VOL. 52, NO.3October2011

Field Tests of a Power Storage System with a Li-ion Battery for a DC Railway Feeding System

Shigeki U

MEDA^㧖,

Takayoshi N

OBUHARA^㧖,

Naoto N

AGAOKA^㧖㧖,

Akihiro A

METANI^㧖㧖 (Received April 15, 2011)

A storage system of regenerated electric power for a railway system has been developed. It stores electric power by generative brake to an industrial large-sized lithium-ion battery, and releases the energy during powering trains. This system is installed on the ground. The feeding line voltage is stabilized, and thus the efficiency of the train system is improved. The battery current is determined according to the line voltage at the installed position of the storage system. When the state of charge (SOC) of the battery is at its maximum power point or less, the battery is charged by the maximum current of the battery (10C). The maximum discharge current is at around 5C because the average charging period is a half of the discharging period. The practical discharging current is controlled according to the SOC to keep the operational point of the battery. The optimum capacity is determined by a numerical simulation taking into account the control characteristic. The internal resistance of the battery affects on the maximum operational point. The thermal and time-varying characteristics of the resistance are measured. The characteristic of the voltage stabilization is confirmed from a measurement on a practical train system.

-G[YQTFU㧦Li-ion Battery, power compensation, voltage regulation, dc railway, EMTP

ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼㧦࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ2ᰴ㔚ᳰ㧘㔚ജ⵬ఘ㧘㔚࿶቟ቯ㧘⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏㧘EMTP

࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ 2 ᰴ㔚ᳰࠍ↪޿ߚ⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏↪㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ⹜㛎

᪢↰ ❥᮸㧘ᑧේ 㓉⦟㧘㐳ጟ ⋥ੱ㧘㔎⼱ ᤘᒄ

1.ߪߓ߼ߦ

ᚒ߇࿖ߩ⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘

1971

ᐕ㗃߆ࠄ

ᷫㅦᤨߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ౣ↢߇น⢻ߥ࿁↢ࡉ࡟࡯ࠠࠪ

ࠬ࠹ࡓ߇↪޿ࠄࠇ㧘1987ᐕ߆ࠄ

1997

ᐕߩ

10

ᐕ㑆 ߢ㧘࿁↢ゞߩഀว߇

20

㧑߆ࠄ

69

㧑ߣᄢ߈ߊિ߮⁽¹⁾

੹ᓟ߶߷ోߡ߇࿁↢ゞߣߥࠆ߽ߩߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ⶄᢙߩ㔚ゞ߇㔚᳇࿁〝ࠍ౒᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ㋕㆏ߢߪ

࿁↢㔚ജߩ⊒↢ߣᶖ⾌ߩหᤨᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼㧘ⶄ✢

ߦ߅޿ߡߪ਄ਅ✢ߩ㔚ゞ✢〝ࠍធ⛯ߔࠆ╬㧘࿁↢㔚 ജߩ೑↪ല₸ࠍะ਄ߐߖߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ജⴕゞਔ߇ㄭற ߦߥ޿႐วߦߪ㧘᨞✢ᛶ᛫ߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ㔚࿶਄᣹߇⊒

↢ߔࠆ㧚᨞✢㔚࿶਄᣹ᤨߦߪ࿁↢⛉ㄟࠍⴕࠊߑࠆࠍ ᓧߕ㧘ㆡಾߥࡉ࡟࡯ࠠജࠍᓧࠆߚ߼ߦᯏ᪾ࡉ࡟࡯ࠠ

ࠍ૬↪ߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ଻቞૞ᬺߩჇᄢࠍ߹ߨߊߣ౒ߦ

࿁↢ゞߩߺߦࠃࠆ⋭ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ൻߦߪ㒢⇇߇޽ࠆ ߎߣࠍ␜ߔ㧚

৻ᣇ㧘࿾਄⸳஻ߦ߅ߌࠆ᨞✢㔚࿶ߩᄌേኻ╷ߪ㧘 ⶄᢙߩᄌ㔚ᚲ߆ࠄ㔚ജࠍಽᢔߒߡଏ⛎ߔࠆਗ೉߈ 㔚ᣇᑼߩណ↪એ᧪㧘ᄢ߈ߥㅴᱠߪߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘

1998

ᐕ㗃ߦ㔚ゞߩടㅦᤨߦ߅ߌࠆ᨞✢㔚࿶ૐਅࠍ 㔚ゞߩ⸵ኈߢ߈ࠆ▸࿐ౝߦ቟ቯൻߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ㅢ Ᏹࠃࠅૐ޿಴ജ㔚࿶ߢ߈㔚ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᓥ᧪ߩ ᄌ㔚ᚲߣਗ೉߈㔚࿁〝ࠍ᭴ᚑߒߡ߽಴ജߩಽᜂ߇ ዋߥߊ㧘․೎㜞࿶ฃ㔚߇ਇⷐߢ޽ࠆዊኈ㊂ߩᄌ㔚ᚲ 㧔ᄌ㔚ᚲ⵬ቢⵝ⟎⁽²⁾⁽³⁾㧕߇㐿⊒ߐࠇታ↪ߦଏߐࠇߡ޿

ࠆ㧚ߎߩᄌ㔚ᚲ⵬ቢⵝ⟎ߪၮᧄ⊛ߦᓥ᧪ߩᄌ㔚ᚲߣ 㘃ૃߒߚ᭴ㅧߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘࿁↢ᤨߩ㔚࿶਄᣹ࠍᛥ೙

ߔࠆᯏ⢻ߪᜬߞߡ޿ߥ޿㧚࿁↢ᤨߩ㔚࿶਄᣹ኻ╷⁽⁴⁾

㧖

West Japan Railway Co, Osaka 530-8341, Japan

Telephone:+81-6-6375-8733, Fax:+81-6-63766154, Email:[email protected]

㧖㧖

Department of Electrical Eng., Doshisha University, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan

Telephone:+81-774-65-6324, Fax:+81-774-65-6801, Email:[email protected]

164

ߣߒߡ㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲㅍ಴㔚࿶ࠍૐᷫ㧘߈㔚✢ߩჇ⸳ߦࠃ ࠆ߈㔚࿁〝ߩૐᛶ᛫ൻ㧘ᛶ᛫ߦࠃࠅ࿁↢㔚ജࠍᾲᄌ

឵ߒߡᶖ⾌ߔࠆ࿁↢㔚ജๆ෼ⵝ⟎ߩ⸳⟎╬߇ⴕߥ ࠊࠇ㧘࿁↢ࡉ࡟࡯ࠠߩ቟ቯߥേ૞ࠍ࿑ߞߡ߈ߚ㧚ㄭ ᐕߢߪ㧘ജⴕߣ࿁↢ߩหᤨᕈ߇ήߊߣ߽㔚࿶ᄌേߦ ኻᔕߒᓧࠆᯏ᪾⊛ߥࡈ࡜ࠗࡎࠗ࡯࡞ᑼߩ࿁↢㔚ജ ๆ෼ⵝ⟎⁽⁴⁾߿㧘ᣂߒ޿ᄢኈ㊂ߩ㔚ജ⾂⬿ᇦ૕㧔㔚᳇

ੑ㊀ጀࠠࡖࡄࠪ࠲⁽⁵⁾㧘࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰ㧘࠾

࠶ࠤ࡞᳓⚛

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰ⁽⁶⁾╬㧕ࠍ૶↪ߒߚ㋕㆏↪㔚ജ⾂

⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ㐿⊒߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚

ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘↥ᬺ↪ᄢဳ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰ ࠍ૶↪ߒߚ⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏↪㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ࠍ㐿⊒ߒ

(7) (8)㧘ల᡼㔚․ᕈߣ᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേᛥ೙ߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁

ߚ߼ߩ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚ᧄⵝ⟎ߪ㔚ജ⾂⬿ᇦ૕㧘᨞

✢ߣ⾂⬿ᇦ૕ࠍធ⛯ߔࠆ෺ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲⁽⁹⁾ߢ᭴

ᚑߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ㄭᐕ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ↥ᬺ↪ᄢဳ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ

ࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰ⁽¹⁰⁾ߪ㧘ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ኒᐲ߇㜞ߊ㧘ᄢ㔚 ᵹల᡼㔚߇น⢻ߥߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㔚᳇㋕㆏↪ߣߒߡචಽ ߥ․ᕈࠍ᦭ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚

⾌↪ኻലᨐࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩᕈ⢻ࠍᦨᄢ㒢ߦᒁ಴ߔ೙ᓮᛛⴚ߇ਇนᰳ

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘╩⠪ࠄ߇㐿⊒ߒߚ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗ

ࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߦࠃࠆ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩᢙ୯ࡕ࠺࡞

(11)(12)ࠍ↪޿㧘ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅ೙ᓮⵝ⟎ߩ․

ᕈะ਄ߣ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߦᔅⷐߥኈ㊂ࠍ᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌ

േߩ⸵ኈ୯߆ࠄቯ߼ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦታ㛎⚿ᨐߦࠃࠅ᨞✢

㔚࿶ߩ቟ቯൻߪ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ⸳⟎ߦࠃࠅ㆐ᚑߐ ࠇࠆߎߣࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ㧚

2.⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏ߩၮᧄ․ᕈ

ᧄ⺰ᢥߦ߅޿ߡኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏ߩᮡḰ

㔚࿶ߪ

1500V

㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲߩή⽶⩄಴ജ㔚࿶ߪᄌ㔚ᚲౝ

ㇱᛶ᛫ߦࠃࠆ㔚࿶㒠ਅࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ⚂

1600V

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚

᨞✢ᛶ᛫ߩ㔚࿶㒠ਅߦࠃࠅቯ߹ࠆ㔚ゞଏ⛎ᦨૐ㔚

࿶ߪ㧘ᧄ⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߚਥⷐ✢඙ߦ߅޿ߡ

1100V

㧘 ߘߩઁߩ✢඙ߦ߅޿ߡ

900V

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘࿁↢㔚 ജߦࠃࠆ᨞✢㔚࿶ߩ਄᣹㒢ᐲߪ߈㔚࿁〝ߩ⛘✼╬

ࠍ⠨ᘦߒ

1800V

ߣቯ߼㧘㔚ゞߩ㚟േࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ߅

޿ߡ࿁↢⛉ㄟߺቢੌ㔚࿶ࠍߎߩ㔚࿶ߦ⸳ቯߒߡ޿

ࠆ㧚

Fig. 1

ߦ

4

ਔ✬ᚑ㧔

2

㔚േゞ㧕ߩゞ਄᷹ቯߦࠃࠆ

৻⥸⊛ߥ㔚ゞ㔚ᵹࠍ␜ߔ㧚㔚ゞ㔚ᵹߪടㅦ⁁ᘒߣ㜞 ㅦㆇォᤨߩജⴕ㔚ᵹ㧘ᷫㅦᤨߩ࿁↢㔚ᵹߦಽߌࠄࠇ ࠆ㧚࿁↢㔚ᵹߪ᨞✢㔚࿶਄᣹ߦࠃࠅ

800A

⒟ᐲߦ⛉

ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚

㪄㪈㪌㪇㪇 㪄㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪄㪌㪇㪇 㪇 㪌㪇㪇 㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪈㪌㪇㪇 㪉㪇㪇㪇

㪊㪏㪑㪊㪇 㪊㪐㪑㪇㪇 㪊㪐㪑㪊㪇 㪋㪇㪑㪇㪇 㪋㪇㪑㪊㪇

㪫㫀㫄㪼䋨㫄㫄䋺㫊㫊䋩

㪭㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼䋨㪭㪀㪚㫌㫉㫉㪼㫅㫋䋨㪘䋩

㪇 㪉㪇 㪋㪇 㪍㪇 㪏㪇 㪈㪇㪇 㪈㪉㪇 㪈㪋㪇 㪣㫀㫅㪼㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼

㪪㫇㪼㪼㪻

㪫㫉㪸㫀㫅㩷㪺㫌㫉㫉㪼㫅㫋

㫇㫆㫎㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾 㪹㫉㪼㪸㫂㫀㫅㪾

Fig. 1. Current and voltage of DC train

ᦨᄢജⴕ࡮࿁↢㔚ᵹߪㇺᏒㇱߢ߽ߞߣ߽ᐢߊ↪޿

ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ

7

ਔ✬ᚑߩ႐ว㧘⚂

2000A

㧔㔚േゞ޽ߚ ࠅ

500A㧕ߢ޽ࠆ㧚 Fig. 2

ߦ࿁↢㔚ᵹߣ

A㧘B

ᄌ㔚ᚲ ߩ㑆ߩ᨞✢㔚࿶ಽᏓߩ৻଀ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ᄌ㔚ᚲ㑆ߦജⴕ 㔚ゞ߇ߥߊ࿁↢ਛߩ㔚ゞ߇ᄌ㔚ᚲ㑆ਛᄩߦሽ࿷ߔ ࠆ႐ว᨞✢㔚࿶ߪᦨᄢߣߥࠆ㧚ᄌ㔚ᚲߪ࿁↢㔚ജࠍ ๆ෼ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲ㔚ᵹߪ㔖㧘㔚

࿶ߪή⽶⩄㔚࿶

1600V

ߣߥࠅ㧘࿁↢㔚ജߪਔᄌ㔚 ᚲߩᄖᣇ߳ㅍ㔚ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘࿁↢㔚ゞߩ㔚

࿶ߪᄌ㔚ᚲ㐿᡼㔚࿶ߣ㧘᨞✢ᛶ᛫㧘࿁↢㔚ᵹߦࠃࠅ

᳞߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚࿑ߩ଀ߢߪ㧘᨞✢♽ߣ࡟࡯࡞

ࠍ޽ࠊߖߚ߈㔚࿁〝ߩวᚑᛶ᛫(0.04:/km)㧘᨞✢㐳

(5km)

㧘 ᨞ ✢ 㔚 ᵹ

(1000A)

߆ ࠄ ᨞ ✢ 㔚 ࿶ ਄ ᣹

200V(=0.04

˜

5

˜

1000)

߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ㧚

#UWDUVCVKQP $UWDUVCVKQP

8QNVCIG

2000A 1000A 1000A

1800V

0km 5km 10km

1600V

0.04㱅/km

(7Cars)

#UWDUVCVKQP

#UWDUVCVKQP $UWDUVCVKQP$UWDUVCVKQP

8QNVCIG

2000A 1000A 1000A

1800V

0km 5km 10km

1600V

0.04㱅/km

(7Cars)

Fig. 2. Image of feeding line voltage

ߎߩ㔚࿶਄᣹ࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆߦߪ࿁↢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ ๆ෼ߔࠆ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚ゞ਄ߦ㔚ജ⾂

⬿ⵝ⟎ࠍ៞タߒߚ႐วߦߪ㧘ゞਔ㊀㊂߇Ⴧടߔࠆߎ ߣ㧘ᣂㅧゞਔዉ౉߹ߢᤨ㑆ࠍⷐߔࠆߥߤߩ໧㗴߇޽

ࠆ߇㧘࿾਄⸳⟎ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ⋥ߋߦኻᔕߔࠆߎߣ ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേ߇ᄢ߈ߊ࿁↢⛉ࠅㄟ ߺ߇ᄙ⊒ߔࠆ▎ᚲߦ⸳⟎ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘⾌↪ኻല ᨐࠍ㜞߼㧘วℂ⊛ߥኻ╷߇ታᣉߢ߈ࠆ㧚

梅 田 繁 樹 ・ 延 原 隆 良 ・ 長 岡 直 人 ・ 雨 谷 昭 弘

165

3.㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎

3.1 ࿁〝᭴ᚑ 㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ᨞✢㔚࿶਄

᣹ᛥ೙߅ࠃ߮࿁↢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩ᦭ല೑↪ࠍ⋡⊛ߣ ߔࠆߚ߼㧘࿁↢㔚ᵹ࡮㔚࿶ߩ․ᕈࠍ╙৻᧦ઙߦ⸳⸘

ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘㔚ജ⾂⬿ᇦ૕ߦߪ㧘 㔚ゞߩㆇേࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯߆ࠄቯ߹ࠆࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ኒᐲ

(Wh/kg)

ߣ㧘㔚ゞߩ࿁↢㔚ജߩᕆፋᕈߦㆡᔕߢ߈ࠆ

ࡄࡢ࡯ኒᐲ(kW/kg) ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚ࡈ࡜ࠗࡎࠗ࡯࡞

╬ߩᯏ᪾⊛ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯⾂⬿ⵝ⟎߽ታ↪ൻߐࠇߡ޿

ࠆ⁽⁴⁾߇㧘ㄭᐕߩ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰ㜞ᕈ⢻ൻߦ ࠃࠅ㧘ߎߩណ↪߽ᛛⴚ⊛ߦน⢻ߣߥߞߚ㧚㔚ᳰߦࠃ ࠇ߫᨞✢ߦ⋥⚿ߔࠆᣇᴺ߽น⢻ߢߔߢߦᬌ⸛ߐࠇ ߡ޿ࠆ⁽⁶⁾߇㧘᨞✢ߩᄌേߦㅊᓥߒߡᏱߦల᡼㔚߇ߥ ߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘㔚ᳰߩഠൻ߇ ᔨߐࠇࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘

࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ㔚ᳰࠍណ↪ߔࠆ႐ว⃻⁁ߢߪ㔚ᳰ 㔚࿶㧘㔚ᵹߩ೙ᓮ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߒ㧘ࡄ ࡢ࡯ࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬᛛⴚࠍ૶↪ߒߡ᨞✢㔚࿶ࠍ

೙ᓮߔࠆᣇᑼࠍណ↪ߒߚ㧚ߎߩ⋥ᵹ㔚ജᄌ឵ⵝ⟎ߦ ߪ 㔚 ゞ ߩ ೙ ᓮ ߦ ታ ❣ ߩ ޽ ࠆ ⺃ ዉ 㔚 േ ᯏ 㚟 േ ↪

VVVF

ࠗࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߩ

1

ࠕ࡯ࡓࠍ૶↪ߒߡ㧘࡝ࠕࠢ࠻

࡞㧘ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ࠦࡦ࠺ࡦࠨ╬ࠍㅊടߒߚ

Fig. 3

ߦ␜ߔ

෺ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲⁽⁹⁾ࠍណ↪ߒߡ᨞✢ߣធ⛯ߔࠆ㧚෺

ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߪ㧘IGBT₁ߣ࡝ࠕࠢ࠻࡞

SL

߆ࠄߥ ࠆ㒠࿶ࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲࿁〝ߦߡ࿁↢㔚ജߦࠃࠅ਄᣹ߒ ߚ᨞✢㔚࿶ࠍ㒠࿶ߒߡ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߦ

࿁↢㔚ജࠍల㔚ߒ㧘

IGBT

2ߩࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣേ૞ߦࠃ ࠅ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ㔚࿶VBࠍ

SL

ߦࠃࠅ᣹

࿶ߒߡ㔚ᳰߦ⫾㔚ߐࠇߚ࿁↢㔚ജࠍജⴕ㔚ゞߦଏ

⛎ߔࠆ㧚

FL

FC

SL

SFC IGBT₁

IGBT₂ DC voltage

source

Lithium-ion battery FL,8mH

FC

SL,6mH

SFC IGBT₁

IGBT₂ DC voltage

source

Lithium-ion battery 19,600㱘F

3,500㱘F FL

FC

SL

SFC IGBT₁

IGBT₂ DC voltage

source

Lithium-ion battery FL,8mH

FC

SL,6mH

SFC IGBT₁

IGBT₂ DC voltage

source

Lithium-ion battery 19,600㱘F

3,500㱘F

Fig. 3. Bidirectional converter circuit

3.2 㔚ᳰ࡙࠾࠶࠻ ᧄ⺰ᢥߢណ↪ߒߚ࡝࠴

࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ઀᭽ࠍ

Table 1

ߦ␜ߔ㧚ߎߩ 㔚ᳰߪ

7

୘ߩᦨዊන૏ߩන㔚ᳰ㧔એਅ㧘࠮࡞ߣ޿߁㧕 ߆ࠄߢ߈ߡ߅ࠅ㧘

7

࠮࡞ߩ㔚࿶ࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆ㔚ᳰ⋙ⷞ ⵝ⟎ࠍ฽߻㔚ᳰࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ߆ࠄߥࠆ㧚૶↪࠮࡞㔚࿶ߪ

቟ో₸ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ㔚ᳰⷙᩰࠃࠅ⧯ᐓ⁜޿

3.1

㨪

4.1V

ߣቯ߼ߚ㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘೑↪น⢻ߥ㔚ᳰኈ㊂ߪ⚂

20%

ૐ

ਅߔࠆ㧚ᦨᄢల᡼㔚㔚ᵹIMAXߪ

600A

ߢ㧘ኈ㊂

60Ah

߆ࠄቯ߹ࠆ᡼㔚࡟࡯࠻

1C=60A⴫⃻

㧔ઃ㍳

A㨯1ෳᾖ㧕

ߔࠆߣ㧘IMAX

=10C

ߢ㧘ᓥ᧪ߩ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ㔚ᳰ ߣᲧߒߡ߽ᄢ㔚ᵹల᡼㔚߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ㧚

Table 1. Specification of an industrialized Lithium-Ion battery

Model LIM60H-7D1-S1R (block) LIM60H 㧔Cell㧕 Nominal voltage 25.2 V 3.6 V Maximum voltage 21.7 V 3.1 V Minimum voltage 28.7 V 4.1 V Maximum current 600 A (10 C) 600 A (10 C) Nominal capacity 60 Ah 60 Ah

Mass 30 kg 4 kg

Specific energy 50 Wh kg-1 54 Wh kg-1 Energy density 69 / Wh L-1 108 / Wh L-1 Dimension W180˜D761˜H160 mm W170˜D92˜H133 mm

㔚ᳰ㔚࿶ VB㧘߈㔚㔚࿶ E0㧘᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേࠍr'V ߣߒߚᤨߩ෺ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߩ㔚࿶ᄌ឵₸ rVߪ㧘

ᰴᑼߢਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚

2 1

0

1 1 1

d d

V V r E

B

V

'

r (1)

㔚࿶ᄌ឵₸rVߪ

Fig. 3

ߦ␜ߔߘࠇߙࠇߩࠬࠗ࠶࠴

ࡦࠣ࠺ࡃࠗࠬ࠺ࡘ࡯࠹ࠖ࡯d1

,

d2

=(1-d

1

)

ߦࠃࠅ೙ᓮ ߐࠇࠆߚ߼㧘㔚࿶ᄌ឵₸ rVࠍㆊᄢߦߔࠆߣ೙ᓮᕈ ߇ૐਅߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡrVࠍ

2

㨪

3

⒟ᐲߣߔࠆ ႐ว㧘ή⽶⩄ᤨ߈㔚㔚࿶ E0

=1600V

㧘㔚࿶ᄌേࠍ 'V=r200V એౝߦ೙ᓮߔࠆߚ߼ߦᔅⷐߥ㔚ᳰ㔚࿶

VBߪ

600

㨪

900V

ߣߥࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘

Table 1

ߦ␜

ߔ㔚ᳰࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ઀᭽߆ࠄ㧘㔚ᳰࡉࡠ࠶ࠢࠍ

26㧔182

࠮࡞㧕⋥೉ߣߒߡ㧘ቯᩰ㔚࿶VB

=655.2V

ߩ㔚ᳰ࡙࠾

࠶࠻ߣߒߚ㧚៊ᄬࠍήⷞߔࠇ߫㔚ജ଻ሽೣࠃࠅ㧘㔚 ᳰల㔚㧔᡼㔚㧕㔚ᵹߪࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲಴ജ㧔ᵈ౉㧕㔚ᵹ ߣ㔚࿶ᄌ឵₸ rVߩⓍߢ᭎▚ߢ߈ࠆ㧚㔚ゞ࿁↢㔚ᵹ

It

=2,000A

ࠍߔߴߡๆ෼ߔࠆ႐วߩ㔚ᳰߩᦨᄢల㔚

㔚ᵹߪ㧘

5.5kA(=I

t˜rVCѳ

2.0

˜

2.75)

ߣߥࠆ㧚

⃻⁁ߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚ᵹߪ

600A

⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆ ߩߢ㧘ߎߩ᧦ઙߦࠃࠇ߫㔚ᳰߪ

10

ਗ೉ߒߡ↪޿ࠆ ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘㔚ᳰ․ᕈߪౝㇱᛶ᛫ࠍ

฽߼⵾ㅧᤨ߆ࠄ୘૕Ꮕ߇޽ࠅ㧘ߐࠄߦల᡼㔚ᤨߩ⊒

ᾲߣ㈩⟎ߦࠃࠆ᡼ᾲ᧦ઙߩᏅߦࠃߞߡ↢ߓࠆ㔚ᳰ

᷷ᐲᏅߦࠃࠅ․ᕈߩᏅ⇣ߪߐࠄߦᐢ߇ࠆ௑ะߦ޽

ࠆߚ߼㧘㔚ᳰࠍ⋥ធਗ೉ធ⛯ߔࠆߣ㔚ᵹ߇ਇߙࠈ޿

ߣߥࠆ㧚㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚ᵹ઀᭽ࠍḩߚߔߦߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ ߩ㔚ᳰ㔚ᵹߩᦨᄢ୯ࠍ⋙ⷞߒߡో㔚ᵹࠍૐਅߐߖ ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ㧘㔚ᳰ೑↪ല₸߇ਅ߇ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ਗ೉

ធ⛯ߒߚ㔚ᳰߩ㔚ᵹࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆߦߪ㧘ਗ೉ᢙߦᲧ଀

ߒߡࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ࠺ࡃࠗࠬ㔚ᵹ⠴㊂߇ⷐ᳞ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘⋥೉ធ⛯ߒߚ㔚ᳰᲤߦࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ࠍ⸳

リチウムイオン２次電池を用いた直流電気鉄道用電力貯蔵装置の試験

166

⟎ߒߡ೙ᓮࠍⴕ޿㧘ߎࠇࠍ

1

࡙࠾࠶࠻ߣߒߡਗ೉ߔ ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᔅⷐߥⵝ⟎ኈ㊂ࠍᓧߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘㔚ᳰ㔚 ᵹߪฦࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߦࠃࠅ೙ᓮน⢻ߢ㧘ࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ

࠺ࡃࠗࠬ㔚ᵹኈ㊂ߪ㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚ᵹߢቯ߹ࠆߚ߼㧘᳢

↪࠺ࡃࠗࠬߩណ↪߇น⢻ߣߥߞߚ㧚

3.3 㔚ᳰߩㆇォ㗔ၞ ల㔚₸㧔SOC:state of

charge

㧕ߣౝㇱ㔚࿶ߩ⹜㛎ᤨߩ┵ሶ㔚࿶෸߮ࡈࠖ࡯

࡞࠼⹜㛎ᤨߩ┵ሶ㔚࿶․ᕈࠍ

Fig. 4

ߦ␜ߔ㧚ߎߩᤨ

ߩల㔚ᦨᄢ㔚ᵹߪ

600A㧘᡼㔚ᦨᄢ㔚ᵹߪ 300A

ߢ

޽ࠆ㧚࿑ਛฦల㔚₸ߦ߅ߌࠆ㐿᡼㔚࿶ V0ߣߩ㔚૏

Ꮕߪౝㇱᛶ᛫ RBߦࠃࠆ㔚૏㒠ਅߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ

┵ሶ㔚࿶ VBߪౝㇱ㔚࿶V0ߣౝㇱᛶ᛫ RBߦࠃࠆ㔚

࿶㒠ਅߩ๺

B B

B

V R I

V

₀

(2) ߢ⴫ߐࠇࠆ㧚

Open voltage

Field test voltage Load test voltage

㪇 㪉㪇 㪋㪇 㪍㪇 㪏㪇 㪈㪇㪇

㪉㪅㪍 㪉㪅㪏 㪊 㪊㪅㪉 㪊㪅㪋 㪊㪅㪍 㪊㪅㪏 㪋 㪋㪅㪉

㪚㪼㫃㫃㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼䋨㪭䋩

䌓䌏䌃䋨䋦䋩㪔㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㪚㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼

Minimum voltage Maximum voltage

Open voltage

Field test voltage Load test voltage

㪇 㪉㪇 㪋㪇 㪍㪇 㪏㪇 㪈㪇㪇

㪉㪅㪍 㪉㪅㪏 㪊 㪊㪅㪉 㪊㪅㪋 㪊㪅㪍 㪊㪅㪏 㪋 㪋㪅㪉

㪚㪼㫃㫃㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼䋨㪭䋩

䌓䌏䌃䋨䋦䋩㪔㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㪚㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼

Minimum voltage Maximum voltage

Fig. 4. SOC vs. internal voltage(LIM60H)

࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ┵ሶ㔚࿶ߪ㔚ᳰߩ቟ో

ߥㆇ↪㧘ഠൻᛥ೙ߩߚ߼㧘ᜰቯ㔚࿶એౝߦᱜ⏕ߦ⛽

ᜬߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧚ౝㇱ㔚࿶ߪల㔚₸ߩჇടߦ

઻޿㜞ߊߥࠆߚ߼㧘㜞ల㔚₸㗔ၞߢߪᦨᄢల㔚㔚ᵹ IMAXએਅߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧘㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚࿶VBMAXࠍ⿥߃ᦨ ᄢ㔚ᵹߦࠃࠆల㔚߇ਇน⢻ߣߥࠆ႐ว߇޽ࠆ㧚ห᭽

ߦ㧘ૐల㔚₸㗔ၞߢߪ㔚ᳰᦨૐ㔚࿶ߦࠃࠅ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ ߇೙㒢ߐࠇࠆ㧚

Table 1

ߦ␜ߔኈ㊂

60Ah

ߩ࡝࠴࠙ࡓ

ࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩల㔚₸ߦኻߔࠆᦨᄢల᡼㔚㔚ᵹ

ߩ․ᕈࠍ

Fig. 5

ߦ␜ߔ㧚ᧄ㔚ᳰߦ߅ߌࠆᦨᄢ㔚ᵹ

IMAX

=600A(10C)

ߢల㔚น⢻ߥల㔚₸ߪ

36%

એਅߢ

޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩ୯ߪᄢ㔚ᵹల㔚߇น⢻ߥ㔚ᳰ߶ߤૐਅߔ ࠆ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘ల㔚₸߇

36%

ࠍ⿧߃ߚ႐ว ߦߪల㔚ߦࠃࠆ㔚ᳰߩ┵ሶ㔚࿶ࠍᬌ⍮ߒߡల㔚㔚 ᵹࠍ೙㒢ߔࠆ㧚ࠃߞߡ㧘࿁↢㔚ജࠍචಽߦๆ෼ߔࠆ ߦߪ㧘ల㔚₸߇

36%

એਅߩ㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡ㔚ᳰࠍ૶↪

ߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㅒߦ㧘ᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹߪల㔚₸ߩૐ޿

㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆਅ㒢㔚࿶ߩ೙㒢ࠍฃߌࠆ㧚᡼㔚㔚ᵹߩ

ᦨᄢ୯ߪ㧘ల㔚₸߇Ⴧടߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᰴ╙ߦჇട

ߒల㔚₸

27㧑ߢ 600A(10C)᡼㔚߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ㧚ᄢ㔚

ᵹㆇォ㗔ၞߢߩ೙㒢ߪᧄ㔚ᳰߦ㒢ࠄߕ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗ

ࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ౒ㅢߩ․ᕈߢ޽ࠆ㧚࿁↢㔚ജࠍ᦭ല ߦๆ෼ߔࠆߦߪ㔚ᳰߩ㒢ࠄࠇߚㆇォ㗔ၞࠍലᨐ⊛

ߦ૶↪ߔࠆㆇォᴺߣ೙ᓮ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚

ᧄ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ࿁↢ߦࠃࠆ᨞✢㔚࿶਄᣹ᛥ೙

ࠍਥ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼㧘ਥേ૞㗔ၞࠍૐల㔚₸஥

ߣߒߡ࿑ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦᦨᄢ㔚ᵹ IMAX

(600A)ߢల㔚

ࠍⴕ޿㧘IMAX

/2(=300A)

ߢ᡼㔚ߔࠆߎߣࠍ೙ᓮၮᧄࡄ

࠲࡯ࡦߣߒߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘┵ሶ㔚࿶߇ቯᩰ㔚࿶ࠍ⿥߃ࠃ ߁ߣߔࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘ቯ㔚ᵹ೙ᓮ߆ࠄల㔚ᤨߦߪ㔚ᳰ ᦨᄢ㔚࿶㧘᡼㔚ᤨߦߪ㔚ᳰᦨૐ㔚࿶ࠍ⋡ᮡ୯ߣߒߚ ቯ㔚࿶೙ᓮߦ⒖ⴕߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇߦࠃࠅల᡼㔚㔚ᵹߪ⛉

ࠅㄟ߹ࠇࠆ㧚

S.O.C(%)=StateofCharge

ChargeCurrent(A)

600 500 400 300 200 100

0 20 40 60 80 100

Charge

Charge Discharge

Discharge

Fig. 5. Charge and discharge cycle

3.4 㔚ᳰౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩ᷷ᐲ․ᕈ ᐕ㑆ߩ᷷ᐲ ᄌേ߇ỗߒ޿ᚒ߇࿖ߩደᄖ⸳஻ߣߒߡ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ

⟎ࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ႐ว㧘࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩౝㇱ ᛶ᛫ߩ᷷ᐲ․ᕈߪήⷞߢ߈ߥ޿㧚ᄖ᳇ߩ⥄ὼᓴⅣߦ ࠃࠅ಄ළࠍⴕ߃߫଻቞߇ኈᤃߣߥࠆ߇㧘ᄖ᳇᷷ᐲߩ ᄌൻ߇㔚ᳰߩᕈ⢻ߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔ㧚࡝࠴࠙ࡓ

ࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ⊒ᾲߣᄖ᳇ߩ⥄ὼᓴⅣߦࠃࠆ಄

ළലᨐࠍ⸳⸘ߔࠆߚ߼ߩၮ␆࠺࡯࠲ߣߒߡ㧘㔚ᳰ᷷

ᐲߣౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩ᷹ቯࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐࠍ

Fig. 6

ߦ␜ߔ㧚

࿑ਛߩታ✢ߪ㔚ᳰߩ㐿⊒⋡ᮡ୯ߢ㧘ࡑ࡯ࠞ࡯ߪ⸳⟎

ᓟ⚂

1.5

ᐕᓟ⚻ㆊߒߚᓟߩታ᷹࠺࡯࠲ߢ޽ࠆ㧚᷹ቯ ୯ߩ᷷ᐲᄌൻߪ⋡ᮡ୯ߩᄌൻߣ߶߷╬ߒߊ㧘࿑ࠃࠅ Ᏹ᷷

25

͠ߦ߅ߌࠆౝㇱᛶ᛫୯ߦኻߒߡ㔖ᐲઃㄭߢ ߪ⚂

2

୚㧘ᦨ㜞૶↪᷷ᐲ

65͠ߦ߅޿ߡߪ⚂ 1/2

ߣߥ ࠆ㧚ૐ᷷ᤨߩ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩჇ ടߪ㧘㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩᕈ⢻ߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆ㧚 ߔߥࠊߜ㧘ౝㇱᛶ᛫㔚࿶㒠ਅߩჇടߦࠃࠅ㔚ᳰ㔚࿶

߇਄᣹ߒ㧘ల㔚㔚ᵹࠍ⛉ࠅㄟ߻ቯ㔚࿶೙ᓮߦ⒖ⴕߒ㧘

࿁↢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ߩๆ෼₸߇ૐਅߔࠆᕟࠇ߇޽ࠆ㧚ߘ ߎߢ㧘ૐ᷷ᤨߦߪࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߣ⋥೉㔚ᳰ߆ࠄߥࠆ࡙

梅 田 繁 樹 ・ 延 原 隆 良 ・ 長 岡 直 人 ・ 雨 谷 昭 弘

167

࠾࠶࠻㑆ߢల᡼㔚ߒߡ㔚ജߩ᝼ฃࠍⴕ޿㧘ౝㇱᛶ᛫

ߦࠃࠆ⥄Ꮖ⊒ᾲߦࠃࠅ㔚ᳰ᷷ᐲࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆ೙ᓮᯏ

⢻ࠍታ↪ᯏߦ៞タߒߚ㧚ઃ㍳

A

㨯

2

ߦ⸥タߒߚ㔚ᳰ

ౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩേ૞ᤨ᷹ቯⵝ⟎ߦࠃࠅ㧘౻ቄߦ߅޿ߡ߽

㔚ᳰౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩ⇣Ᏹߥ㜞୯߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎ ߣࠃࠅ㧘ߎߩ᷷ᐲ೙ᓮᯏ⢻ߪ᦭ലߦേ૞ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽

ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚

㪇㪅㪇㩷 㪇㪅㪌㩷 㪈㪅㪇㩷 㪈㪅㪌㩷 㪉㪅㪇㩷

㪇 㪈㪇 㪉㪇 㪊㪇 㪋㪇 㪌㪇

㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪸㫃㩷㫉㪼㫊㫀㫊㫋㪸㫅㪺㪼㩷㩿㫄㱅㪀

㪚㪼㫃㫃㩷㫋㪼㫄㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫌㫉㪼 㩿㷄㪀 㪠㫅㫀㫋㫀㪸㫃㩷㫍㪸㫃㫌㪼

䂦14/May/2006 15:17 䂔17/May/2006 06:06 㬍22/May/2006 14:18

Fig. 6. Internal resistance vs. Temp.

3.5 㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩၮᧄ㔚ᵹࡄ࠲࡯ࡦ ၮ ᧄ⸳⸘ߦ↪޿ࠆേ૞㔚ᵹࡄ࠲࡯ࡦߪ੩㒋␹ㇺᔃㇱ ߦ߅ߌࠆᐔဋ⊛ߥ㔚ゞ࠳ࠗࡗ߆ࠄ㧘

Fig. 7

ߩࠃ߁ߦ ల㔚ᤨ㑆TBߪ

30

⑽㧘᡼㔚ᤨ㑆TPߪ

60

⑽ߣቯ߼ߚ㧚

ਔᤨ㑆ߪ

Fig. 1

ߦ␜ߔ㔚ゞ㔚ᵹߩㅢᵹᤨ㑆ࠃࠅ౒ߦ

ዊߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪ㧘3.6 ▵ߢㅀߴࠆࠃ߁ߦ㧘᨞✢

㔚࿶ᄌേ߇ዊߔߥࠊߜ㔚ゞ㔚ᵹ߇ዊߥࠆ㗔ၞߢߪ ᧄ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪભᱛߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠆ㧚

Fig. 7

ߦ␜

ߔㅢᵹᤨ㑆ߪᄢ㔚ᵹ㗔ၞߩᐔဋ⊛ߥᤨ㑆ߦኻᔕߔ ࠆ㧚㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ࿁↢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ᦭ലߦ೑↪ߔ ࠆߣ౒ߦ㧘᨞✢㔚࿶਄᣹ࠍૐᷫߔࠆߚ߼ߦ↪޿ࠆߩ ߢ㧘ల㔚․ᕈࠍ߹ߕቯ߼㧘᡼㔚․ᕈߪల᡼㔚㔚ജ߇ ဋⴧߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ⸳⸘ߔࠆ㧚ల㔚ᤨ㑆ߪ᡼㔚ᤨ㑆ߩ⚂

1/2

ߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ㧘࿁↢㔚ᵹࠍ㔚ᳰ࡙࠾࠶࠻ߩᦨᄢ㔚 ᵹ

(I

MAX

=600A)

ߢ ల 㔚 ߔ ࠆ ߣ 㧘 ᡼ 㔚 㔚 ᵹ ࠍ IMAX

×T

B

/T

P

=300A

ߣߔࠇ߫㧘ల㔚㊂߇ᐔⴧߔࠆ㧚

600A

-300A

30S 30S 60S

300S 180S

Current Time

discharge Charge

600A

-300A

30S 30S 60S

300S 180S

Current Time

discharge Charge

Fig. 7. Current model of Battery

ల㔚㔚ᵹࠃࠅ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ߇ዊߐ޿ߚ߼㧘ᾲ⽿ോߪల 㔚ࡕ࡯࠼ߢቯ߹ࠅ㧘⊒ᾲߩਥ࿃ߪ

IGBT

ߩࠬࠗ࠶࠴

ࡦࠣ៊ᄬߢ޽ࠆ㧚ࠬࠗ࠶࠴ࡦࠣ๟ᵄᢙߪߎߩ៊ᄬ ߣ㧘ାภ♽߳ߩ⺃ዉ㧘ⵝ⟎ኈⓍࠍ⠨ᘦߒゞਔߩ

VVVF

ࠗࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߢណ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆㄭறߩ๟ᵄᢙ

700Hz

ߣቯ߼ߚ㧚ߎߩ๟ᵄᢙࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘

࡝ࠕࠢ࠻࡞╬ߩዊဳൻ߽น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ߪ࿾

਄ߦ⸳⟎ߔࠆߚ߼㧘቟ోߦ㑐ߔࠆᦨ㊀ⷐ੐㗄ߢ޽ࠆ

ାภ࿁〝߳ߩᓇ㗀ߥࠄ߮ߦૐ៊ᄬൻࠍఝవߒߚ㧚 3.6 㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ೙ᓮ ೨┨ߢㅀߴߚࠃ ߁ߦ㧘᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേߪ᨞✢㔚᳇ᛶ᛫ߩ㔚࿶㒠ਅߦࠃ ࠅቯ߹ࠆߚ߼㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲਛ㑆ߢᦨ߽ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆ㧚ᓥߞ ߡ㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲਛ㑆ઃㄭߦ߅ߌࠆ㔚ജߩᶖ⾌߿⊒↢ࠍ⷗

߆ߌ਄ዊߐߊߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘᨞✢㔚ᵹࠍᛥ೙ߒߡ ᄌേࠍዊߐߊߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㔚ゞߩㆇォ⁁ᴫࠍ⋥

ធ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿࿾਄⸳஻ߩ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ㧘 ߎߩ㔚࿶ᄌേࠍᬌ⍮ߒߡ㔚ᵹߩๆ෼߅ࠃ߮ଏ⛎೙

ᓮࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߦࠃࠅ㔚࿶቟ቯൻࠍታ⃻ߔࠆ㧚࿁↢㔚 ᵹ┙ߜ਄߇ࠅᤨ㑆ߣᲧߒߡࠃࠅ෺ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲

ߩᔕ╵․ᕈࠍ㜞ㅦߣߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ᨞✢㔚࿶ߩᄌ

േࠍᛥ೙ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘

3.3

▵ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘 ᄢ㔚ᵹల㔚ࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦߪ㔚ᳰ߇ૐల㔚₸㧘ߔߥࠊ ߜ㧘㔚ᳰ㔚࿶߇ૐ޿⁁ᘒߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ߎࠇߦࠃࠅ㧘㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚࿶ߣߩᏅࠍචಽ⏕଻ߒ㧘ౝ

ㇱᛶ᛫ߦࠃߞߡ㔚ᳰ┵ሶ㔚࿶߇਄᣹ߒߡ߽ᭂജቯ 㔚ᵹ೙ᓮ߆ࠄቯ㔚࿶೙ᓮߦ⒖ⴕߒߡ㔚ᵹ߇⛉ㄟ߹

ࠇߥ޿⁁ᘒߣߔࠆ㧚

Fig. 4

ߪ㔚ᳰߩల㔚₸߇ᦨㆡߥ

⁁ᘒߦ߅ߌࠆࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼⹜㛎ᤨߩ㔚ᳰ┵ሶ㔚࿶ߩ ᄌേ․ᕈࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ᓥߞߡ㧘ల㔚₸ࠍㆡᒰߦ೙

ᓮߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ࠍታ߈㔚♽⛔ߦㆇ↪ߒߡ

߽㧘Ꮏ႐⹜㛎⚿ᨐߣห᭽ߩ․ᕈ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇᣿

ࠄ߆ߢ޽ࠆ㧚

Fig. 8

ߦ᨞✢㔚࿶ߦࠃࠆ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ೙ᓮ․ᕈ

ࠍ␜ߔ㧚㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ㧘࿁↢⛉ㄟߺࠍ⊒↢ߐߖߥ

޿ࠃ߁ߦゞਔߩ࿁↢⛉ㄟߺ㐿ᆎ㔚࿶㧔1700V⒟ᐲ㧕 એਅߩ V3ߢ࿁↢㔚ജࠍ⫾㔚㐿ᆎߒ㧘V2ࠃࠅ㔚࿶߇ 㒠ਅߒߚᤨߦ᡼㔚ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㔚࿶ᄌേࠍ✭๺

ߔࠆ㧚᨞✢㔚࿶߇V3

-V

4㑆ߩల㔚㔚ᵹߪ㧘Icc߹ߢ⋥

✢⊛ߦჇടߔࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘㔚ᳰ┵ሶ㔚࿶߇೙㒢㔚࿶

ߦ㆐ߒߚᤨߦߪ㧘෺ᣇะࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ࠍቯ㔚࿶೙ᓮࡕ

࡯࠼ㆇォߒ㧘ల㔚㔚ᵹࠍ⛉ࠅ㔚ᳰᦨᄢ㔚࿶એਅߩേ

૞ߣߔࠆ㧚㔚ゞജⴕߦࠃࠅ᨞✢㔚࿶߇ V2ࠃࠅૐߊ ߥࠆߣ㧘ࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߪ᣹࿶ࡕ࡯࠼ߢേ૞ߒ㧘᨞✢㔚

࿶߇V1

-V

2ߩ▸࿐ߦ߅޿ߡߪ᡼㔚㔚ᵹߪ᨞✢㔚࿶ߩ

৻ᰴ㑐ᢙߣߒߡIcd߹ߢჇടߔࠆ㧚᨞✢㔚࿶߇V1ࠃ ࠅૐ޿႐วߪ㧘ᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹIcdߣߒߡ᡼㔚ࠍⴕ߁㧚

3.5

▵ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘᡼㔚ᤨ㑆߇ల㔚ᤨ㑆ߩ⚂

2

୚ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘ల᡼㔚㔚⩄㊂ࠍ╬ߒߊߔࠆߚ߼

ల㔚ᦨᄢ㔚ᵹIccࠍ㔚ᳰߩᦨᄢల㔚㔚ᵹIMAX

(600 A)

㧘

᡼㔚ᦨᄢ㔚ᵹIcdࠍIMAX

/2(300 A)

ߣߔࠆ߇㧘㔚ゞߩ ㆇⴕࡄ࠲࡯ࡦߦࠃࠅల᡼㔚㔚⩄㊂߇ࡃ࡜ࡦࠬߖߕ㧘 㔚ᳰల㔚₸ࠍ

3.3

▵ߢㅀߴߚᦨㆡ୯ㄭறߦ⛽ᜬߔࠆ リチウムイオン２次電池を用いた直流電気鉄道用電力貯蔵装置の試験

168

ߎߣ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘

Fig. 8 (a)

ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ 㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩᓙᯏ⁁ᘒ(V₂

-V

3

)ߦ߅޿ߡᦨㆡߥల

㔚₸ߣߥࠆࠃ߁㔚ᵹ Icrߦߡ⺞ᢛల᡼㔚ࠍⴕ߁ᯏ⢻

ࠍㅊടߒߡ

Fig. 4

ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼⹜㛎⚿ᨐߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ ߦ㧘ℂᗐ⊛ߥల᡼㔚ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࠍታ⃻ߒߚ㧚ᧄᣇᑼߪ

೙ᓮ߇ኈᤃߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᓙᯏᤨߦⵝ⟎ࠍㆇォߔࠆߚ

߼㧘㔚ജ៊ᄬ㧘㔚ᳰኼ๮ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄᦝߥࠆᡷ⦟߇ᔅ ⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘

Fig. 8 (b)

ߦ␜ߔᡷༀࠍട߃ࠆ㧚 ᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ IcdࠍჇᷫߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ల㔚₸ߩ ᦨㆡ೙ᓮ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߔߥࠊߜ㧘ల㔚₸߇ᦨᄢల㔚㔚 ᵹ㒢⇇୯ (36%)ߦㄭߠߊߣᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ IcdࠍჇട ߐߖ㧘ᰴ࿁ߩ᡼㔚㊂ࠍჇടߐߖࠆߎߣߢల㔚₸ࠍૐ

ᷫ ߒ 㧘 ߘ ߩ ᓟ ߩ ల 㔚 ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ᦨ ᄢ ల 㔚 㔚 ᵹ

IMAX

(600A)

ࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ల㔚₸߇ૐਅߒߚ႐

วߦߪ㧘Icdࠍዊߦߒߡᰴ࿁ߩ᡼㔚ࠍᛥ߃㧘ల㔚₸ߩ ᄌേ᏷ࠍᦨㆡ㗔ၞߣߔࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ߪ᨞✢㔚࿶

਄᣹ࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆߎߣࠍ╙৻⋡⊛ߣߔࠆߚ߼㧘ᦨᄢ᡼

㔚㔚ᵹIccߪIMAX৻ቯߣߔࠆ㧚ߎߩᣂ೙ᓮᴺߪᢙ୯

ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅߘߩലᨐࠍ⏕⹺ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘

ᰴᦼታ↪ᯏߦ៞タ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ㧚

(a) Conventional control function (b) Improved control function

Fig. 8. Control characteristic

3.7 㔚ᳰኈ㊂ ᧄ⺰ᢥߩ⹜㛎ߦ૶↪ߒߚ⋥

ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏↪㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߪ㧘⃻࿷೑↪น⢻ߥᄢኈ

㊂࡝࠴࠙ࡓ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߦࠃࠅࠦࡦࡃ࡯࠲ߩኈ㊂ࠍᦨ ㆡൻߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠍ

1

࡙࠾࠶࠻ߣߒߡⶄᢙਗ೉ㆇ

↪ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅᚲⷐߩኈ㊂ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ࠦࠬ࠻

ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ߽วℂ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᦨㆡߥਗ೉࡙࠾࠶࠻ᢙ ߪ㧘㔚ゞ㔚ᵹ㧘ᄌ㔚ᚲ㑆㓒㧘ߘߩ㑆ߩ㚞ߣ㔚ജᦨ⾂

⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ૏⟎ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ⹦⚦ߥᬌ⸛ߦࠃࠅ᳿ቯߔ ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩᬌ⸛ߪ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ⸘▚ߣߥࠆߩߢ㧘

Fig. 9

ߦ␜ߔታ߈㔚࿁〝ࠍᮨᡆߒߚ㔚᳇࿁〝㧘Fig.

10

ߦ␜ߔ೙ᓮ࿁〝ࠍ↪޿ߡ⁽⁸⁾㧘᳢↪࿁〝⸃ᨆࡊࡠࠣ

࡜ࡓ

EMTP (Electromagnetic Transients Program)ࠍ↪

޿ߡࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅᬌ⸛ߒߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘

EMTP

ߪ೙ᓮ࿁〝ࠍ⴫⃻ߔࠆ

TACS (Transient Analysis of Control Systems)

ࠍ᦭ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ㔚ᳰ ߩ㔚࿶ల㔚₸․ᕈ㧘㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ೙ᓮ․ᕈ⴫⃻

ࠍኈᤃߦታ⃻ߢ߈ࠆ․ᓽࠍ᦭ߔࠆ㧚

Fig. 9

ߦ␜ߔ࿁〝ߦ߅޿ߡRP㧘RQߪᄌ㔚ᚲౝㇱᛶ

᛫ࠍ⴫ࠊߒ

0.028:0.020:ߣߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘᨞✢ᛶ᛫

Rfk㧘 ࡟ ࡯ ࡞ ᛶ ᛫ Rrk ߪ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ

0.023:/km

㧘

0.017:/km

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚㔚ᵹḮIS㧘Itߪߘࠇߙࠇ㧘㔚ജ

⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߣ㔚ゞ㔚ᵹࠍ⴫ࠊߔ㧚

Fig. 10

ߦ␜ߔ೙ᓮ࿁〝ߢߪ㧘ల㔚₸ࠍ㔚ᳰ㔚ᵹIB

ߩⓍಽߦࠃࠅ᳞߼㧘⋡ᮡల㔚₸㧔

27%

㧕ߣߩᏅ⇣ߦ ࠃࠅᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ Icdࠍቯ߼ࠆ㧚㔚᳇࿁〝⸘▚⚿ᨐ ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇࠆ᨞✢㔚࿶ߦࠃࠅ㔚ᳰ㔚ᵹࠍቯ߼㧘ߎࠇ ࠍ(1)ᑼߦ␜ߔᄌ឵₸ࠍਸ਼ߓߡᧄⵝ⟎ߩ಴ജ㔚ᵹ IS

ߣߔࠆ㧚

EMTP

ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠃࠅᓧࠄࠇߚ㔚ᳰ࡙࠾

࠶࠻ᢙߣ㔚࿶቟ቯൻߩലᨐࠍ೙ᓮ㑐ᢙߣ౒ߦ

Fig.

11

ߦ␜ߔ㧚㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩਗ೉ᢙࠍჇടߔࠆߦ઻

޿㧘ᦨᄢ㔚࿶࡮ᦨૐ㔚࿶߇೙ᓮ㑐ᢙߩ V1㧘V4ߦ෼

᧤ߔࠆ߇㧘ߘߩലᨐߪ㘻๺ߔࠆ㧚

Fig. 11

ࠃࠅ㧘ᧄ⺰

ᢥߢኻ⽎ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ㋕㆏✢〝ߦ߅ߌࠆวℂ⊛ߥਗ

೉ᢙߪ㧘

4

࡙࠾࠶࠻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚㔚ജ⾂⬿

ⵝ⟎ࠍ࡙࠾࠶࠻ൻߒߡ↢↥ߔࠆߎߣߢනଔࠍૐਅ ߐߖ㧘ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅਗ೉บᢙࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆ ߎߣߢ㧘㜞޿ࠦࠬ࠻ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ㧚

Fig. 9. A model circuit for EMTP simulation

Fig. 10. A control circuit for EMTP simulation discharge

+ 㧙 K

charge V4

V3

V2

Icc

0V1

Icd

1 s

Icd

IB

SOC Target

SOC VB

VB

(t = 0)

Battery

Initial SOC SOC

Icdmax

Icdmin

Line voltage

A

It

R

f2

R

f3

R

P

P Q

Train

R

r2

R

r3

R

r1

R

f1

Compensator IS

4.3 km B 0.3 km

R

Q

Rail

E

P

4.0 km

E

Q IB

VL

Icd

charge

dischargeV1

V4

V3

V2

Icc

Icr

V1

V4

Icc

IB

VL

Icd

discharge V3

V2

charge

Feeder line

梅 田 繁 樹 ・ 延 原 隆 良 ・ 長 岡 直 人 ・ 雨 谷 昭 弘

169

㪄㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪄㪏㪇㪇 㪄㪍㪇㪇 㪄㪋㪇㪇 㪄㪉㪇㪇 㪇 㪉㪇㪇 㪋㪇㪇 㪍㪇㪇 㪏㪇㪇

㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪈㪉㪇㪇 㪈㪋㪇㪇 㪈㪍㪇㪇 㪈㪏㪇㪇 㪉㪇㪇㪇

㪣㫀㫅㪼㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼㩷㩿㪭㪀

㪙㪸㫋㫋㪼㫉㫐㩷㪺㫌㫉㫉㪼㫅㫋㩷㩿㪘㪀

㪇 㪌 㪈㪇 㪈㪌 㪉㪇 㪉㪌 㪊㪇 㪊㪌 㪋㪇 㪋㪌

㪫㪿㪼㩷㫅㫌㫄㪹㪼㫉㩷㫆㪽㩷㪹㪸㫋㫋㪼㫉㫐㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋㫊

4㸢 㸠4

VMAX

VMIN

0 0

number of unit Control characteristic

V₁=1500V V₂=1530V

V4=1700V

V3=1670V

㪄㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪄㪏㪇㪇 㪄㪍㪇㪇 㪄㪋㪇㪇 㪄㪉㪇㪇 㪇 㪉㪇㪇 㪋㪇㪇 㪍㪇㪇 㪏㪇㪇

㪈㪇㪇㪇 㪈㪉㪇㪇 㪈㪋㪇㪇 㪈㪍㪇㪇 㪈㪏㪇㪇 㪉㪇㪇㪇

㪣㫀㫅㪼㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼㩷㩿㪭㪀

㪙㪸㫋㫋㪼㫉㫐㩷㪺㫌㫉㫉㪼㫅㫋㩷㩿㪘㪀

㪇 㪌 㪈㪇 㪈㪌 㪉㪇 㪉㪌 㪊㪇 㪊㪌 㪋㪇 㪋㪌

㪫㪿㪼㩷㫅㫌㫄㪹㪼㫉㩷㫆㪽㩷㪹㪸㫋㫋㪼㫉㫐㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋㫊

4㸢 㸠4

VMAX

VMIN

0 0

number of unit Control characteristic

V₁=1500V V₂=1530V

V4=1700V

V3=1670V

Fig. 11. Number of Battery units vs. voltage fluctuation

4.ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼⹜㛎⚿ᨐ

4.1 㔚ᳰౝㇱᛶ᛫ 㔚ᳰ

1

࠮࡞ߩౝㇱᛶ᛫

ߩផ⒖ࠍ

Fig. 12

ߦ␜ߔ㧚ߎࠇߦߪㆇォਛߩ㔚ᳰౝ

ㇱᛶ᛫ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ߇㧘ᢥ₂

(13)

ߢႎ๔ߒ ߚ᷹ቯⵝ⟎㧔ઃ㍳

A

㨯

2

㧕ߦࠃࠅㅪ⛯᷹ⷰࠍน⢻ߦߒ ߚ㧚࠮࡞ߩ㈩⟎ߦࠃࠅ᡼ᾲ․ᕈ߇⇣ߥࠆߚ߼㧘ฦ㔚 ᳰࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߩ⇣ߥࠆ૏⟎ߩ࠮࡞ࠍㆬᛯߒߡౝㇱᛶ

᛫ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚

Fig. 12

ߪ᷹ቯߒߚ࠮࡞න૏ߩౝㇱᛶ

᛫ࠍ

Fig. 6

ߦ␜ߔ᷷ᐲ․ᕈߦࠃࠅ

25

͠឵▚ߒߚ୯

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚േ⊛ߥ᷹ቯߢ޽ࠆߩߢ⧯ᐓߩ߫ࠄߟ߈ߪ޽

ࠆ߇ౝㇱᛶ᛫୯ߪ㔚ᳰ૏⟎ߦࠃࠄߕ

0.8mȍ

ߢ቟ቯ ߒ㧘ഠൻߦ઻߁਄᣹௑ะߪᧂߛ᷹ⷰߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿㧚

੹ᓟ㧘⛮⛯ߒߡ⋙ⷞߒߡࠁߊ੍ቯߢ޽ࠆ㧚

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

2006/11/01 2007/05/01 2007/11/01 2008/05/01 2008/11/01 2009/05/01 2009/11/01

Internalresistanceat25͠䋨mɏ䋩

Fig. 12. Process of internal resistor at 25͠

4.2 ߈㔚㔚࿶ಽᏓ

Fig. 13

ߦ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎

⹜૞ᯏ

1

࡙࠾࠶࠻ߩߺߩㆇォᤨߣ஗ᱛᤨߘࠇߙࠇ ඦ೨

10

ᤨ߆ࠄඦᓟ

4

ᤨ

2

ᣣ㑆㧔ว⸘

4

ᣣ㑆㧕ߩ߈ 㔚㔚࿶ಽᏓ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ㧚ߘࠇߙࠇߩ㔚࿶ᄌേಽ Ꮣߦߪౣ⃻ᕈ߇޽ࠅ㧘㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩലᨐࠍචಽᬌ

⸽น⢻ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚࿑ਛ⎕✢౞ౝߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘 ᧄⵝ⟎ߩ஗ᱛᤨߦ᷹ⷰߐࠇߚ㜞㔚⊒↢⏕₸߇㧘ⵝ⟎

ㆇォߦࠃࠅૐਅߒ㧘ᦨᄢ㔚࿶ߪ

1800V

એਅߣߥߞ ߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘

Fig. 11

ߦ␜ߔ࡙࠾࠶࠻

1

บᤨߩ⚿

ᨐߣࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⚿ᨐߣ╬ߒ޿㧚߹ߚ㧘ߎࠇߦ ኻᔕߒߡ࿑ਛታ✢౞ౝߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ

1710V

ㄭறߩ ಽᏓ߇ⵝ⟎ߩㆇォߦࠃࠅჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩ㔚࿶ಽ

Ꮣߩᄌൻߪ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎߇࿁↢㔚ജࠍๆ෼ߒߚലᨐߢ޽

ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘1࡙࠾࠶࠻ㆇォߢߪ㜞㔚࿶߇ଐὼ⊒↢ߒ ߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇߪ

3.7

▵ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ߩ ㆇォ࡙࠾࠶࠻ᢙࠍ

4

บߣߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘࿁↢⛉ࠅ ㄟߺߩ⊒↢ࠍ߶߷ߥߊߔ㔚࿶߹ߢૐᷫน⢻ߣ⠨߃ ࠄࠇࠆ㧚

㪄㪈 㪇 㪈 㪉 㪊 㪋 㪌 㪍 㪎 㪏 㪐

㪈㪊㪇㪇 㪈㪋㪇㪇 㪈㪌㪇㪇 㪈㪍㪇㪇 㪈㪎㪇㪇 㪈㪏㪇㪇

㪣㫀㫅㪼㩷㫍㫆㫃㫋㪸㪾㪼㩷㩿䌖㪀

㪩㪸㫋㪼㩷㩿䋦㪀

㫎㫀㫋㪿㩷㪸㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪸㪾㪼㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋 㫎㫀㫋㪿㫆㫌㫋㩷㪸㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪸㪾㪼㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋 㫎㫀㫋㪿㩷㪸㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪸㪾㪼㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋 㫎㫀㫋㪿㫆㫌㫋㩷㪸㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪸㪾㪼㩷㫌㫅㫀㫋

Fig. 13. Distribution of voltage

5.߹ߣ߼

ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘⋥ᵹ㔚᳇㋕㆏ߩ߈㔚㔚࿶቟ቯൻߩߚ

߼㐿⊒ߒߚ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰࠍណ↪ߒߚ㔚 ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩ᭴ᚑ㧘೙ᓮᴺࠍ฽߻⸳⸘ߣ㧘ឭ᩺ⵝ⟎

ߩേ૞․ᕈ⹜㛎ߩ⚿ᨐߦߟ޿ߡㅀߴߚ㧚ߎࠇࠃࠅએ ਅߩ੐㗄߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ㧚

1.

࿁↢㔚ജࠍ᦭ലߦ૶↪ߒ㧘㔚࿶቟ቯൻࠍ࿑ࠆߦ ߪ㧘ᄢဳ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ

2

ᰴ㔚ᳰߩ㒢ࠄࠇߚㆇ ォ㗔ၞࠍ᦭ലߦ೑↪ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ᦨᄢ㔚ᵹߢల㔚 น⢻ߥ㔚ᳰల㔚₸ࠍᭂജ⛽ᜬߔࠆ೙ᓮᯏ⢻߇ ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘᨞✢㔚࿶ߦࠃࠅల᡼

㔚㔚ᵹࠍਥߦ᳿ቯߒ㧘㔚ᳰల㔚₸ߦࠃࠅᓙᯏᤨ

ߦ⺞ᢛల᡼㔚ࠍⴕ߁◲ᤃߥ೙ᓮᴺࠍឭ᩺ߒ㧘ߘ ߩ᦭ലᕈࠍታ᷹ߣࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅ⏕

⹺ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘⺞ᢛ᡼㔚ߦࠃࠄߕᦨᄢ᡼㔚㔚ᵹ ࠍ೙ᓮߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ᦨㆡల㔚₸ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆ ᚻᴺ߽ឭ᩺ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇߦࠃࠇ߫㧘៊ᄬૐᷫࠍ࿑

ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈㧘ㆇォല₸ࠍ㜞߼ࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣ ߥࠆ㧚

2. 㔚ᳰౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩ਄᣹ߪ㧘㔚ᳰᦨㆡㆇォ㗔ၞࠍ⁜

߼㧘ലᨐ⊛ߥ᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേᛥ೙߇࿎㔍ߣߥࠆ㧚

࿾਄⸳⟎㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߢ໧㗴ߣߥࠆૐ᷷ᤨߩ ᛶ᛫਄᣹ࠍ㒐ߋߚ߼㧘㔚ᳰ⥄Ꮖ⊒ᾲߦࠃࠅ᷷ᐲ ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆ೙ᓮᯏ⢻ࠍઃടߒ㧘౻ቄߦ߅޿ߡ߽

቟ቯߥㆇォࠍน⢻ߣߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ౝㇱᛶ᛫ߩផ

⒖ࠍ⚂

2

ᐕ㑆᷹ቯߒ㧘ᛶ᛫୯Ⴧട߇᷹ⷰߐࠇߥ

޿੐ࠃࠅ㧘⸵ኈ᨞✢㔚࿶᏷ࠍ⠨ᘦߒᓙᯏ㗔ၞࠍ

⸳ߌߚឭ᩺೙ᓮᴺߪ㧘ⵝ⟎ߩ㐳ኼ๮ൻߦ⽸₂ߒ ߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒߚ㧚

リチウムイオン２次電池を用いた直流電気鉄道用電力貯蔵装置の試験

170

3. ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ߩኈ㊂

㧔ਗ೉ធ⛯ᢙ㧕ߣ᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേ᏷ߩ⸘▚଀ࠍ␜

ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇࠃࠅ㧘วℂ⊛ߥኈ㊂ߪ㧘ᔅߕߒ߽࿁

↢㔚ജ㊂߆ࠄቯ߹ࠆℂ⺰ኈ㊂ߣߪߥࠄߕ㧘ࠪࡒ ࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃࠅ᨞✢㔚࿶ᄌേߩ⸵ኈ▸࿐㧘

ࠦࠬ࠻ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ᳿ቯߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥ ߢᬌ⸛ߒߚ♽⛔ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ℂ⺰ኈ㊂ߩ⚂

4

ഀ ߇ᦨㆡኈ㊂ߣߥߞߚ㧚

4. ᄌ㔚ᚲߩਛ㑆ઃㄭߦ㔚ജ⾂⬿ⵝ⟎ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߡ

⹜㛎ߒߚ⚿ᨐ㧘㔚࿶ᛥ೙ലᨐߪࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪ

ࡦ⚿ᨐߣ߶߷৻⥌ߒ㧘᦭ലߦ᨞✢㔚࿶ߩ቟ቯൻ ߇ታ⃻ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߣߥߞߚ㧚

ઃ ㍳

ޛA㨯1ޜ ᡼㔚࡟࡯࠻ ᡼㔚࡟࡯࠻

1C

ߣߪ㧘ḩ ల㔚ߒߚ࠮࡞ࠍቯ㔚ᵹ᡼㔚ߒߡ㧘

1

ᤨ㑆ߢ᡼㔚⚳ੌ

ߣߥࠆℂ⺰㔚ᵹ୯ߩߎߣߢ㧘

60Ah

ߩ౏⒓ኈ㊂୯ߩ

࠮࡞ߢߪ

1C=60A

㧘

10C=600A

ߢ޽ࠆ㧚㔚ᳰ․ᕈߪ 㔚ᵹߩ⛘ኻ୯ߢߪߥߊ㧘ኈ㊂୯ߦኻߔࠆ⋧ኻ⊛ߥᄢ ߈ߐߢቯ߹ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘㔚ᳰ․ᕈߪ᡼㔚࡟࡯࠻

㧔

C

୯㧕ࠍ↪޿ߚ⋧ኻ⴫␜߇ᐢߊ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ޛA㨯2ޜ േ⊛ౝㇱᛶ᛫᷹ቯ ⵝ⟎ㆇォਛߩ㔚ᳰ

ౝㇱᛶ᛫ߪ㧘࿑

A-1

ߦ␜ߔ࿁↢ᤨߦ⊒↢ߔࠆᕆỗ ߥ᨞✢㔚࿶਄᣹ߦࠃࠅ㓏Ბ⁁㔚ᳰ㔚ᵹ'I ߇ᵹࠇߚ ߣ߈ߦ↢ߕࠆ㔚ᳰߩ㔚࿶ߩᕆᄌ'V ߦࠃࠅ᳞߼ࠆ㧚 㔚ᳰ┵ሶ㔚࿶ߪల㔚ߩㅴⴕߦ઻޿ౝㇱ㔚࿶ߩ਄᣹

ߦࠃࠅ✭߿߆ߦ਄᣹ߔࠆ߇㧘㔚࿶ᕆᄌᚑಽߪౝㇱᛶ

᛫ߦࠃࠅቯ߹ࠆ㧚ᢥ₂

(13)

ߢߪߎߩ․ᕈࠍ೑↪ߒߡ 'V/'Iߦࠃࠅ㔚ᳰߩౝㇱᛶ᛫ࠍ▚಴ߔࠆࡑࠗࠦࡦࠍ

೑↪ߒߚౝㇱᛶ᛫᷹ቯེࠍ㐿⊒ߒߡㅪ⛯᷹ⷰࠍน

⢻ߦߒߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘㔚ᳰ᡼㔚ᤨߦ߅޿ߡ߽㔚࿶ૐਅߣ 㔚ᵹᄌൻߩᲧࠃࠅౝㇱᛶ᛫ࠍ᳞߼ᓧࠆ߇㧘৻⥸ߦ㔚 ゞടㅦᤨߩ㔚ᵹᄌൻߪ✭߿߆ߢⵝ⟎㔚ᳰ㔚ᵹ߇㓏 Ბ⁁ߣߥࠆߎߣߪዋߥ޿㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘㔚ᳰ┵ሶ㔚

࿶ߩૐਅ߇ౝㇱᛶ᛫㔚࿶㒠ਅߣల㔚₸ߢቯ߹ࠆౝ

ㇱ㔚࿶ૐਅߣߩ๺ߢਈ߃ࠄࠇ㧘♖ᐲ⦟޿᷹ቯ߇࿎㔍 ߣߥࠆ႐ว߇޽ࠆ㧚㐿⊒ߒߚേ⊛ౝㇱᛶ᛫᷹ቯⵝ⟎

ߪࡑࠗࠦࡦߦࠃࠅ㔚࿶㔚ᵹᵄᒻࠍ⹺⼂ߒ㧘⺋᷹ቯࠍ 㒐ᱛߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚

600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740

0 10 20 30 40

Time [s]

Voltage [V]

-200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Current [A]

Battery voltage Battery current

Open voltage

㼺V

㼺I

600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740

0 10 20 30 40

Time [s]

Voltage [V]

-200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Current [A]

Battery voltage Battery current

Open voltage

㼺V

㼺I

Fig. A-1. Voltage fluctuation at charging

ෳ ⠨ ᢥ ₂

(1) 㔚᳇ቇળ࡮࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ⺞ᩏ

ኾ㐷ᆔຬળ ޟ࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ ߩ⃻⁁ߣ੹ᓟߩ޽ࠅᣇޠ 㔚᳇ቇળᛛⴚႎ๔ ╙ 875ภ㧘ISSN 0919-9195㧘pp.4-5 (2002-6)

(2) 㔚᳇ቇળ࡮࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ⺞ᩏ ኾ㐷ᆔຬળ ޟ࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ ߩ⃻⁁ߣ੹ᓟߩ޽ࠅᣇޠ 㔚᳇ቇળᛛⴚႎ๔ ╙ 875ภ㧘ISSN 0919-9195㧘pp.39-41 (2002-6) (3) K. Kawahara, S. Hase, H. Morimoto, S. Umeda, N.

Takahashi ‘Compensation of Voltage Drop using Substation Support Equipment for DC Feeding System’ IEE Japan, Vol. 123-D, No. 1, pp.38-42 (2003-1)(in Japanese)

Ꮉේ ᢘᴦ࡮㐳⼱ િ৻࡮᫪ᧄ ᄢⷰ࡮᪢↰ ❥᮸࡮

㜞ᯅೣ㓶ޟ⋥ᵹ߈㔚࿁〝ߦ߅ߌࠆᄌ㔚ᚲ⵬ቢⵝ⟎

ߦࠃࠆ㔚࿶㒠ਅኻ╷ޠ㧘㔚᳇⺰D㧘123, 1, pp.38-42 (2003-1)

(4) 㔚᳇ቇળ࡮࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ⺞ᩏ ኾ㐷ᆔຬળ ޟ࿁↢ゞߣ߈㔚ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩද⺞ᛛⴚ ߩ⃻⁁ߣ੹ᓟߩ޽ࠅᣇޠ 㔚᳇ቇળᛛⴚႎ๔ ╙ 875ภ㧘ISSN 0919-9195㧘pp.32-35 (2002-6) (5) ᧄ↰ ⋥ᔒ, ᷡ᳓ ቁᶈ, ⬵Ꮉ ⑲, ⺪Ỉ ᥙ, ᐔ᧻

ᱜት, 㜞ᯅ ᘕ, ዊ⷏ ᱞผ, 㐳⼱ િ৻ޟ⋥ᵹ㔚᳇

㋕㆏ߩ㔚ജ࿁↢ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ๆ෼↪ࠠࡖࡄࡐࠬ࠻ߩ ㆡ↪ޠ㔚᳇ቇળో࿖ᄢળ 5-055 (2008)

(6) ᮮ↰ ᷡ৻ޟᄢဳ࠾࠶ࠤ࡞᳓⚛㔚ᳰߩ㐿⊒ߣ㋕㆏߳

ߩᔕ↪ޠ㔚᳇ቇળ㑐⷏ᡰㇱ ኾ㐷⻠⠌ળ (2008-11) (7) Umeda, S., Ishii, J., Nagaoka, N., Oue, H., Mori, N., and Ametani, A., ‘Energy Storage of Regenerated Power on DC Railway System using Lithium-Ion Battery’, Proc. International Power Electronics Conference, Niigata, Japan, pp. 455-460 (2005) (8) Nagaoka, N., Oue, H., Sadakiyo M., Mori, N., and

Ametani, A., Umeda, S., Ishii, J., ‘Power Compensator using Lithium-Ion Battery for DC Railway and its Simulation by EMTP’, Proc. IEEE 63^rd Vehicular Technology Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 0-7803-9392-9/06 (2006)

(9) 㔚᳇ቇળ࡮ඨዉ૕㔚ജᄌ឵ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ⺞ᩏኾ㐷ᆔຬ

ળ✬ޟࡄࡢ࡯ࠛ࡟ࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬ࿁〝ޠ㧘ࠝ࡯ࡓ␠㧘

᧲੩㧘pp.262-264 (2000)

(10) ᣣᧄ㔚ᳰᩣᑼળ␠ ޟᦨᣂ ታ↪ੑᰴ㔚ᳰ ߘߩ

ㆬ߮ᣇߣ૶޿ᣇޠ ᣣᧄ㔚ᳰᩣᑼળ␠✬ ᣣೀᎿ

ᬺᣂ⡞␠㧘pp.261-271 (2001)

(11) Nagaoka, N., Sadakiyo, M., Mori, N., Ametani, A., Umeda, S., and Ishii, J., ‘Effective control method of power compensator with Lithium-Ion battery for dc.

Railway system’ Proc. University Power Engineering Conference, Newcastle upon Tyne, Paper FAT-14c (2006-9)

(12) Sadakiyo, M., Nagaoka, N., Ametani, A., Umeda, S., and Nakamura, Y., ‘An Optimal Operating Point Control of Lithium-Ion Battery in a Power Compensator for DC Railway System’, Proc.

University Power Engineering Conference, Brighton, pp. 681-686 (2007-9).

(13) Umeda, S., Nakamura, Y., Ishii, J., Sadakiyo, M., Nagaoka, N., ‘Monitoring Equipment of Lithium-Ion Battery in Power Compensator for DC Railway’ IEEJ TER-06-69/LD-06-47(2006)(in Japanese) ᪢ ↰ ❥ ᮸㧘ਛ᧛ ᖝ┨㧘⍹੗ 㗅㧘⽵ᷡ 㓷ⴕ㧘㐳ጟ ⋥

ੱޟ㋕㆏↪㔚ജ⵬ቢⵝ⟎ߩ࡝࠴࠙ࡓࠗࠝࡦ㔚ᳰ⁁

ᘒ ⋙ ⷞ ⵝ ⟎ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ޠ 㔚 ᳇ ቇ ળ ⎇ ⓥ ળ ⾗ ᢱ TER-06-69/LD-06-47(2006)

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