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Effects of Temperature on Dry Matter Yield, Nitrogen Accumulation and Amino Acid Content of Alfalfa

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Effects of Temperature on Dry Matter Yield, Nitrogen Accumulation and Amino Acid Content of Alfalfa

その他(別言語等)

のタイトル

温度がアルファルファの乾物収量,窒素生産及びア ミノ酸含量に及ぼす影響

著者(英) Oohara Yoichi journal or

publication title

Research bulletin of Obihiro Zootechnical University. Series I

volume 11

number 3

page range 431‑445

year 1979‑11‑20

URL http://id.nii.ac.jp/1588/00002231/

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R e s .  B u l l .  O b i l z i r o   U n i v . ,  11 ( 1 9 7 9 ) :  4 3 1 . . . . . . . . 4 4 5  

E f f e c t s  o f   T e m p e r a t u r e  on Dry M a t t e r  Y i e l d ,  N i t r o g e n   A c c u m u l a t i o n  and Amino A c i d  C o n t e n t  o f   A l f a l f a  

Yoichi OOHARA 

( L a b o r a t o r y  0 1  G r a s s l a n d  U t i l i z a t i o n ,  O b i l z i r o   U n i v e r s i t y  0 1  A g r i c u l t u r e   and V e t e r i n a r y  M e d i c i n e ,  O b i h i r o ,  H o k k a i d o ,  J a p a n . )  

R e c e i v e d  May 3 1 ,  1 9 7 9  

温度がアルフアルファの乾物収量,窒素生産及び アミノ酸含量に及ぼす影響

大 原 洋 一 *

Introduction 

4 3 1  

A l f a l f a   ( L u c e r n e ,  Medicago s a t i v a  L . )   i s   s a i d  t o   have o r i g i n a t e d   i n   t h e   s o u t h w e s t e r n   A s i a ,  s p r e a d i n g  from t h e r e  through P e r s i a  and Turkey n o r t h  t o   S i b e r i a   and  Alaska  and  s o u t h  t o  Argent ユ naand C h i l e

1

入 Thust h e  a v e r a g e  monthly a i r   t e m p e r a t u r e  i n  many p a r t s   o f   t h e  world where i t   i s   grown v a r i e s  w i d e l y  from t h e  a r e a   i n   w i n t e r   r a n g i n g   between 

+  1 0

0

C and  ‑10o C and i n   summer between

2 7

0

C and  +  1 6

0

C .   I t   h a s   such  an  o l d   h i s t o r y  o f  c u l t i v a t i o n  a s   might be  t r a c e d   back  t o   700 B .  C .   Two main  o b j e c t s   o f   i t s   c u l t i v a t i o n  a r e  

( 1 )   p r o v i s

no f   an i m p o r t a n t  f e e d

animals;ωmaintenanceo f   s o i l   f e r t i l i t y .   As  f o r   t h e  l a t t e r ,  a l f a l f a  h e l p s  improve p h y s i c a l  and c h e m i c a l  p r o p e r t i e s  o f  s o i l  t h a n k s  t o  r a p i d   growth o f  stems and l e a v e s  under p r o p e r  e n v i r o n m e n t a l  c o n d i t i o n s  with r o o t s   p e n e t r a t i n g   i n t o   t h e  s o i l   d e e p l y  and widely ,  t o g e t h e r  with more a c t i v e  n i t r o g e n 品 x a t i o nby r h i z o b i a  i n   i t s   r o o t s  t h a n  i n   r o o t s  o f  o t h e r  legume s p e c i e s .   The most f a v o r e d  f o r a g e  r i c h  i n  n u t r i e n t s   n e c e s s a r y  f o r   a l l   k i n d s  o f   l i v e s t o c k ,  p a r t i c u l a r l y  ruminants ,  a l f a l f a   h a s  been l o o k e d   on  a s   t h e  queen o f  f e e d s t u f f s   s i n c e  t h e  o l d  t i m e s .   So ,  i t   i s   t h e   leguminous c r o p   c u l t i v a t e d   i n   a r e a s  where d a i r y  and b e e f  c a t t l e  a r e  f e d   i n   l a r g e  numbers ,  i n   p a r t i c u l a r  i n   t h e  U. S .  A. , 

European c o u n t r i e s ,  t h e   U.  S .   S .   R . ,  e t c .

2

The a i r   t e m p e r a t u r e  i n  a l f a l f a ‑ g r o w i n g  a r e a s  i n   t h e  U. S .   A. r a n g e s  from t h e   l o w e s t   o f   ‑27

0

C (‑80

0

F )  t o   t h e  h i g h e s t  o f  54

0

C ( 1 3 0

0

F )   i n   Death  V a l l e y ,  whereas  t h e   most  s u i t a b l e  a i r   t e m p e r a t u r e  f o r  f a v o r a b l e  growth may r a n g e  between 1 5

0

C‑30o C .   Meanwhile ,  a s   f o r  t h e  e l e v a t i o n  i n   m e t e r s  above s e a  l e v e l  where i t   i s   grown ,  t h e   l o w e s t   i s   z e r o   i n   t h e  I m p e r i a l  V a l l e y  and t h e  h i g h e s t  i s   2400 ( 8 , 000 f e e t )   i n   t h e   Rocky  Mountains  i n   t h e  

恭帯広畜産大学草地利用学研究室

‑ 5 1  

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