インゲンマメの葉における屈光運動と品種間差異
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(2) Cyftilt&t^'^^S (^ 2 g|SB ) ^ 30 ^ ^ 1 -f BSffi 54 ^ 9 ^. Journal of Hokkaido University of Education (Section II B) Vol. 30, No. 1 September, 1979. A >y>^^^m^^^^j^±ss]^^i. ^m^wL^^mifeam^ x »i6:^IIWtfflmW^. The Phototropic Movement and it's Varietal Difference in the Leaf of Common Bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Hajime SATO and Kanji GOTOH* Agricultural Laboratory, Sapporo College, Hokkaido University of Education, Sapporo 064 * Laboratory of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060. Abstract Differences between common bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) varieties in phototropic movement of the leaf were investigated.. Three varieties, Antioquia 1, Taisho-kintoki and Mexico 489, were grown in l/5,000a wagner-pot under out-door conditions. A few days before measurements, the terminal leaflet of the first leaf was set to the north. Azimuth, altitude (up-ward or down-ward inclination) and. torsion angle (side-way turning) of 3 leaflets in the first leaf were measured from early morning to sunset under fine weather. Normal to the leaf-surface of the common bean plant changed from east to west during the day, as it followed the sun's beam.. Those three varieties remarkably differed in the phototropic movements of the leaves, and were characterized as follows ; (1) variety responding mainly with the altitude angle (Antioquia 1), (2) variety responding mainly with the torsion angle (Taisho-kintoki), and (3) variety responding with the altitude angle, but also with the torsion angle, according to the direction of the sun's beam to the leaflet (Mexico. »cWg^, WJte^-LT^f"]'?^^-C{?t^, ^^^^ FN^StAJ (J:. ^-<J;')^ < <7)»(^^-C^b;fl-C^(DOLK 1931, YIN 1938, CT 1951, BONHOMME ^ 1974, SHELL. (45).
(3) ^a. feB. b 1974). ^^4'itfK^io^-^^aiSt)^, ^t^&^^^ffiS^^A^^?^); £^fc^J;^-C^>r& (BUNNING 1931). jl I Hi| (1969) iA, /tw^t±c7)3yi?^^^ n^^^ssdj ^<? ^s^^it&^^?s®tj^: ~^'S:^^^^t^^tmt, SHELL. LANG (1976) ^b-77'J ^fflv^-T, JI|Ui,|^ ^ -"R]^^^^: ^I^L-C^o L^L, -l<7)%a^^^-C(j;, ^B^CT)^^-^<, ^^?^'^^t^^^^T<7)^. ^^;h^t/J^v\. ^w -i>y>^^^m^^n^M±m^m^?-t^>^ ^^^,. ^a$.H^^{;:t^^, BU^7non^$-ffl^-C^y|^,^^ft^^. ^(7)^^:,. ls[^?'^SSh^^. t2 • 3WB@M^^;fZ^. ^^-T^L^^n^^S^ffl^-C, ^^^^GB^^,^- ^M^~,. ^^^-C^^frt^.. m^^. ^ ^', ^^^coMft^ ^5 ^ ^, @?-^^P^^ bb^^^^7 ^^^^ ^ i^ ^ ^ +^a; 2 ^?WM ^ ^ b *^4X ^^"^ <7)%$?t^^jlt<7)i: ^^t ^.. m4o j: ^^->£. ^t^m-m, /Hi<7)Wi-^sia^^jt^/fb^^-cN^L^. ^^^^^^^. ^"^-c, ^. %i??±T»t)^L^3R"p1;fi, Antioquia 1, ±JE^B^^ J; C/' Mexico 489, -^^to :ffl^. ^ papS8W^^ 1/5,000 a^^-- . t;^ Kz 1^6^ L, ^^'o $-^^^@5^ LT,. 1. %^^:/f@?^-'3^-C^l^^^Tg^^^-X-lt:^l^< J: ^^^-y h^^L^. J?^. 2-3^. i^^^^r, Bf^cDB ^mA. -C-/FBU 6 0^^^/FJs 60^^-C-2R^^^. MT-^. -M^JM;M'^<^MI<^^ ^), H]!?rp]c7)7j<^®^Mt^Jt (±T^X^4^ ; ff) ^J;^'^. tt^it^^^r"]^7j<IF®^Mt&^Jt(-h^^S^^ ; ^^j+^^Bji^f^^r"] ^a?L^.. ?toi;:^;flb<D3 N^llt^S^"^ , ^(7):^ J; I) ^®^^^^3^^ (a) Jo J; {/~7klm; •-nt^m^ ^ (/9) ^^^L^ (Jl|il',| 1969). x= —cos (/) • sin 0- cos ^+sin ^ • sin 0 ^=—sin (f)' sin Q • cos (p— cos ^ • sin 1/1 2= COS 6 • COS (f/. Fig. 1 Azimuth and altitude angle of sun's beam to the common bean leaf (June 27, 1978). Time; no. in the circle. Azimuth and altitude angle of sun's beam; upper and lower no. under each circle. Azimuth angle; + easteriy direction, —westerly direction, as the south being a cardinal point.. (46).
(4) ^ >V>-7/y)m: ^ It -S ®7fcS» <h. ^•L, x, y, z\±mW^^^W7T.-t. 0= tan" y/x. ft=sm-lz. ^, ^^smwt^wiw^^^^^tmw^^n.^y)^, mvm^^, ±m<^^. $-f^ 2.7 w^^^ ?^m7J<L^.. U±<D»U:, 6n^^^kr/B]^^^=r^^^\ i/m'W^^^^y)^, ^^-cu;, 6 n 27 B^IW^t^^-CM^. ^, .l^B^^^ij^^(t&^P^^^^£^J:^m^^:;. 1 ^^^W^ ^ % 1 El t^t.. ^. m^^r^^t. l®(D^b(J:, (^fc^T^S^) (7)^^^J;^7j<^®(.:Mt&^4^ (J^T, ^4. I^J:A-)^2-3^i^J;^T^;L^, ^f^m^l^H 2 [21^^-0^. |H][gl-C^, > ^B^iJ^^d &^te^, mi^^M^ ^ ^^^^A-^r"]^ J; ^ -C, ^ ^WI-^I^R^ J; -^ -C ^^/fZ-CV^.. Taisho-klntokl. Antloquia 1. 16 ^- N -14. Fig. 2 Diurnal changes in the azimuth and altitude angle of normal on the leaflet surfaces. Azimuth of normal; direction to each marker from an origin. Altitude angle; angle from horizontal plane. Normal on the leaflet surface; — left leaflet, — • — terminal leaflet, -— right leaflet.. Mexico 489. Time; no. near the respective markers.. (47).
(5) &m ai • ^m ^ ^-o°RS<7)^®&fim, ^|^/M{;:J;^f?$"S(t6^, ^^7fc<7)^ti)^ ^^^X^fo®^, ^ \w^^^^b^m^^^. ^^•^N^i^n^m:, ^-fi^'^i:^j;^m^i"]^^x^L, ^ y^^: rn| v^ ^ ^^ L ^. w]mr'm^^ j; ^ (^, ^s^^^^fejo j; ^x^^ ^rw^fbf^, B°RS^ j; -^-C^L < s^& ^ bW^^ia.^. b < ^±IE^R^^ Antioquia 1 {j;M?-C, ±JE^B^{J:^J^^^A^[t^ ^^rn]^I^L^<7)^ML, Antioquia 1 ^m^^ -"APft^^'fo]^X^L ^. ^^, ^JE^R^^X^^ H, Antioquial ^Jt^, ^ • ^N^J^T'^i> < , TX^^T^J^^^^. L^L, Mexico 489 ^'j:M%. ^± 1. ^-fW ^ ^ L, ^^^ 1^ L -C ^ ?^ 2 p?,® z ^ < ^ ^ & m ym^ fo -?z ^. <MI<D±T • fe L- tL^i^^^ J: Ui'^^(7)^^^^b ^/j^(7)^®^^7Et-^^l^-C"^, ±-f^4^c7)f}^^^^b$-^3El^^;L^. 3 ^m^ ^^ilTb^lt^Wlol^AJltt&fit^J^i -"^^^X^^^L-CV^. ^/-^ 16 i? ^±T-fW^W%teN^t ^ ^ ^ ^fa^ ^ -fz, ^ (7)B^%i-C-{j;, 16 R^^Ji?M)(7)Tli%t<^ ^^^^L-C^ (W 1951). ^-^-T, 18Btc7)^^:^, ^m^w^mm^\m^^. w^/o, m^^m^f^^, ^2m^^mL^^^^.. ^^^^r^Wm^i^^^, Shmm^W, IX^T"^) r>, Antioquia 1 b Mexico 489 (j;,. ^:IE^R^ ^ &^^ L < ^ ^ v ^? ^ ^ L ^. .4EH^, ^b^W^W^Wb^L, ^4^Jt^<l:()^^®^r"]<^^i[3]4I^J5L ^. ^m^^m^^^^J)^, ±M:<7)M:^b^^^-c, nd^(A®^r"]^^4L-r^^. ±f^ &^^-c7)/J^(j:^^^-)?[o]^^4L, ^lE^f^^Ml^i^-C, %^^tS^(7)^|o]^. ±w^t ^ t ^ ^, m^ww^ ^ -?z^.. /b t ^X^4 ^ ^ ^±rm^ ^ w, RR^S^ j; & ^s^^^ '0 ^ Tt'^ ^ ^. -t- ^ b ^, n/j^^ ^ v ^. TW<(7)^/fk;^L^Antioquia 1 ^IE^?, ^ • ^-N^J^T-^lE^B^^'Antioquia 1 J; t) ^. Fig. 3 Diurnal changes in the altitude angle of 3 leaflets in the first leaf. .• ; Taisho-kintoki, 0 ; Antioquia 1, X ; Mexico 489.. (48).
(6) -\ > Y> -7 y <7)^(.:Jo!t^@7tSft ^ RO®^. Right leaflet. Fig. 4 Diurnal changes in the torsion angle of 3 leaflets in the first leaf. Symbols; see in Fig. 3.. Right leaflet. Fig. 5 Diurnal changes in the azimuth angle of 3 leaflets in the first leaf. Symbols; see in Fig. 3 .. ^^WB^L, ^3[U(^^^J;^±TWI-^Xr"R(A, ^<7)^^^^L^. L^L, Mexico 489 (j;, H/HlT-X^ ^®^^:i- < ^{kL, ^ ^&^J^^Antioquia 1 ^&^ L < ±^ ^ y, ^-/j^jj;^ .-' [^^^^^ L ^. L ^^ -C, Mexico 489 (A, Antioquia 1 ^ J; f/~^IE^B^^J:b -<, ^ TT.-f ^ b ym^ ^ ^ ^.. ^{£^ (DR^6W? ^5gl^^$^T^-i). ^1£^(J:, ^t<7)^B^)f"]< ^Tol^^L, ffi^ 0°, X^J;{/~@^^^^^^'^7°77^-7^-^^T-^L-C^&. ^^', ^^^M:^E?^. JEL^. ?(3J;^, ^^^A^-C^^^^b^-tS^bn^). L^L, R"^£^J;^^^^a^'o^ T-^-^. (49).
(7) ^B m. •feB. ^ ^ >r>-^(7)^{CJo(t^@71C;M!j^, R"oS^ J:-7-C^ L < S^-^^Z^^b^^^-^^. t^. b-^, ±m±^W^L'C, (l)^A^¥ft^^r"]^^4, -t-^b^ r±T^4J ^s-f^^L-CR ^t-S)^S(Antioquial), (2)^%^iS^ ^^^(^^4, t^-b-^ F^t b^X^J ^sft^: LTRC' t ^ mm ( ^IE^ ), ^ J; ^'(3) ^ lo ^ (j ^ ^ T, r±T^x^4j ^ s ^ t^ ^, ^J^ ^ i:P^^: t y) <am^-C-, r^L^I^J ^J;-^-C^^^ <K^t^RanS (Mexico 489), M^b^.. -^w^mmm^ ^^'smm^^, ^-w-^-^^m^^-^mmm. ^'Jt >) ^^ (%+t 1951). ^ W>-7/ ^, ^,1^ W ^^t£ J; -7 (^ 1"]'? -^ ^ -^ ^ ^IJ «tA-C'-^. 3oc7)/J^^^-c^^, (3)W Mexico 489 ft, ?^p^S^i-b-<itL < K?14^L, t < ^H^^O^v^-CtJ;, ^IJ^^^|R]{Z^L-C, ^b^-CM^^K^L^. ^<T)^<I:. ^^, @7^3. it&^a^j;-^!^, mwm±^. m ^ w/s-ffi ^ ^> ^ wm±.^. ^, ^^^^<^T:U^<, ^<^^^^B^X^6^^M^-t^>r ^^+^^-^^^&. L^L,. WJ; 7 ^S^-^L-C^&^^TO-C-^.. 5EI^J;^^, ^{il^l^L-C^, R"R@^^^S^'IS^b-?z^^^^. ^ >r>^^^^tt^(j;,. ^'@^±^T^mXl^1t?tAq?L (BOSE 1929, WEIDLICH 1930, de GROOT 1938), b[±, m^b^^^f^. P.&^^ftTW^b. ^-<7)saa^ J; -^ -c ^^t^7j<JF^m]-\@E. ^^l,to?L-c^-;c&a:, -TCT)^ mm (A, ±~rm^^ ^ ^'/b L -fz^x^^ j; ^ -c ^ ^1), ~b ^(D^bu;, ^ n. ^ (^^w^ ^ L -a :btL^^'}^!S.b^^.. ^itte^^-C, ]X^^;£-^N^ l^£^|n]v^%a^|S<^b^. ^, Jl|m,| (1969) ^Wte^-L-r, -e-fz^WAteJ^. ^s-c~w<^)%a^gg^-c^. ^fm, ^i^t^c7)3^-. J-&1 &^-C-fj; ^ ^ -^L, <pT^^1^6^iaA^^3gg{)( (^m^^^rm^^^t^^ b{±, Bi^^^-3^.. ^t^^^^JS.btL^. L^L, ^. J^±^J;^^, ^^^^PX^^^f^^^^^TT-lT-h-fz^^^T-^^^, ^>-^(t&»?;:Mt^J??^a^, ^mm^^^i^^^^^^. ^b^^<7)3. ^w^m^^^^r^^wh^^-t^'^w^'b^^^fs.btL^.. <7)^Z.. 1^. ti^W. ^ ^ > yv-7 ^ ^^m»() b S^m^ J; ^> L ^. 3 mm (Antioqui^ 1, ^dE^jo J; {/'Mexico 489) ^-fflv., TX/J^^-X-lfc ^ r"] < J;^^^~y h $-@1^ L^^ 1 W^ 3 /J^^^i.T,. ±-RW^ (^'i?ip]c7)7j<TO{;:m-^jt), foi:n^4^ (^iii^a^^^^^7k^®^Mt^ jW Jb'J;^'^£^^B»XB^^J!^fo^^^-r-20trHljo^^^J^L^. I^^^U;, ^^^.fc r> -C"^) &.. i. 3^^a?-fit^-)"<^®^Hij;, i^n^m^b ^^-c, x^^s^r"]^^-^^^^. ^.. 2. ^ ^-&m±, s^m^ cfc ^ -C'/^CT) j; -7 W^jr. L ^. ^P^7t<7)^J?t^^ L -C, (D r±T^4J. (50).
(8) -f > r>- -? ^ (7)^(; ^ it & jg^istA ^ ^. ^±\-^b L-C?t^,%m(Antioquia 1), (2)F;ta b^X^J ^±^b L-CK^t^R^a (^IE^),. ^j;^~(3) [±~rm^] ^±^t^y, ^b±^wm\^ [^t^m] ^j;^-c^±^<js. J-Kt^R^i (Mexico 489).. ^Iffl:™ BONHOMME, R., C.V. GRANCHER and P. ARTIS. 1974. Use of solar radiation by a crop of Vigna sinensis. II . Net assimilation and increase of dry matter ; influence of phototropism on photosynthesis of cotyledonar leaves. Ann. Agron. 25 : 49-60.. BOSE, J.C. 1929. Growth and tropic movement of plants. London. : ^t^ 1951. tj£f»^S'^ (T^). Xs(. P. 244 J; i^lffl. BUNNING, E. 1931. Uber die autonomen tagesperiodisfhen Bewegungen der Primarblatter von Phaseolus multiflorus. Jb. Bot. 75 : 439. DOLK, H.E. 1931. The movements of the leaves of the compass plant Lactuca scariola. Amer. J. Bot. 18 : 195-204. GROOT, G.J. de. 1938. On the mechanism of periodic movements of variation. Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 35 : 758-833.. Jl|u,ia- 1969. ±X<7)^)l%ygS^IN]t.&m. ^2^R. N^3£S<)0^^3y^^of?®<fe^±o;t». Bf^e 38 : 730-742. ^m 1951. m^w (T^). x^. SHELL, G.S.G., A.R.G. LANG and P.J.M. SALE. 1974. Quantitative measures of leaf orientation and heliotropic response in sunflower, bean, pepper and cucumber. Agr. Meteorol. 13 : 25-37. SHELL, G.S.G., and A.R.G. LANG. 1976. Movements of sunflower leaves over a 24-h period. Agr. Meteorol.. 16 : 161-170. WEIDLICH, H. van. 1930. Die Bewegungsmechanik der Variationsgelenke. Bot. Arch. 28: 219-254. YIN, H.C. 1938. Diaphototropic movement of the leaves of Malva neglecta. Amer. J. Bot. 25: 1-6.. (51).
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