ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߦ ߷ ߔ ᓇ 㗀
Ⓑ ⇌ 㓁 ሶ 1 ) ේ ↰ ⚛ ⟤ ␞ 1 ) Ⴚ ᴰ ᵗ 2 )
Influence of interpersonal cognition on social skills
Yoko INAHATA 1 ) Sumire HARADA 1 ) Motohiro SAKAI 2 )
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of interpersonal cognition on the social skills. Results revealed that the participants of this study held higher social skills for their friend who they had a favorable impression than for those with a bad impression. It was also found that the participants who held low social skills for a friend with a favorable impression also held low social skills towards a friend with a bad impression. From these results, it is considered that social skills are dependent on impressions of the other person. The data analysis also found the impression of the other person causes a social skills deficit. In addition, results suggest a social skills deficit may occur in people with high social skills.
Key Words㧦 social skills㧘 interpersonal cognition㧘 social skills deficit
1 ) ᓼ ፉ ᄢ ቇ ᄢ ቇ 㒮 ✚ ว ⑼ ቇ ᢎ ⢒ ㇱ
Graduate school of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima
2 ) ᓼ ፉ ᄢ ቇ ᄢ ቇ 㒮 ࠰ ࠪ ࠝ ࠕ ࠷ ࠕ ࡦ ࠼ ࠨ ࠗ ࠛ ࡦ ࠬ ⎇ ⓥ ㇱ
Σ 㗴 ߣ ⋡ ⊛ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㧔 social skill㧕 ߣ ߪ 㧘 ኻ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ࠍ Ṗ ߦ ߪ ߎ ߱ ߚ ߦ ᓎ ┙ ߟ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㧔 ᛛ ⢻ 㧕 ߩ ߎ ߣ ߢ ࠆ 㧔 ⩵ ᳰ 㧘 1988㧕㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ਇ ⿷ ߪ 㧘ᛥ ߁ ߟ ߿ ቅ ⁛ ᗵ 㧘 ኻ ੱ ਇ ߣ 㑐 ㅪ ߇ ࠆ㧔 ⋧ Ꮉ 㧘2007㧕㧚ߘ ߩ ߚ 㧘 ߎ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ਇ ㆡ ᔕ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ᴦ ≮ ⊛ ߹ ߚ ߪ ੍ 㒐 ⊛ ข ࠅ ⚵ ߺ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ⋥ ធ ⊛ ߦ ᜰ ዉ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⸠ ✵㧔 social skills training㧦એ ਅ 㧘SST㧕߇ ⴕ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ 㧚ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘SST ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ߿ ㆡ ᔕ ߩ ᡷ ༀ ߇ ႎ ๔ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ৻ ᣇ ߢ 㧔 ᳯ ࠄ 㧘 2003㧧 ⍹ Ꮉ ࠄ 㧘 2010 ߥ ߤ 㧕㧘ߘ ߩ ല ᨐ ߩ ᜬ ⛯ ᕈ ߿ ᣣ Ᏹ ႐ 㕙 ߳ ߩ ⥸ ൻ ߇ ␜ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ߥ ⎇ ⓥ ߽ ዋ ߥ ߊ ߥ 㧔 ⋧ Ꮉ 㧘 1999㧧 ㊄ ጊ ࠄ 㧘 2004 ߥ ߤ 㧕㧚 ㆡ ಾ ߥ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ り ߦ ߟ ߌ ߡ ࠆ ߆ ุ ߆ ߣ 㧘 ઁ ⠪ ߣ Ⓧ ᭂ ⊛ ߦ 㑐 ࠊ ࠈ ߁ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ߆ ุ ߆ ߪ ߩ ⷰ ὐ ߢ ࠆ㧔 ጟ ↰ 㧘2008㧕㧚␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߩ 㧝 ߟ ߦ 㧘 ᔅ ⷐ ߥ ႐ 㕙 ߢ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ታ ⴕ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ߣ ߒ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߇ ࠆ 㧔 Gresham㧘 1988㧕㧚 ⏷ ㇱ ࠄ 㧔 2004㧕 ߪ ߎ ߩ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ⌕ ⋡ ߒ 㧘 ⷫ േ ᯏ ߩ ૐ ߐ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ࠍ ᅹ ߍ ߡ ࠆ น ⢻ ᕈ ࠍ ␜ ໂ ߒ ߡ ࠆ 㧚߹ ߚ 㧘 ⍹ 㧔 2007㧕ߪ ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ᕈ ߦ ⌕ ⋡ ߒ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߩ ⷫ ኒ ᕈ ߩ ㆑ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ⴕ 㗫 ᐲ ߇ ⇣ ߥ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ࠍ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߒ ߡ ࠆ 㧚ߎ ߩ ߎ ߣ ߆ ࠄ 㧘␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߪ 㧘 Ᏹ ߦ ৻ ቯ ߩ ࡌ ࡞ ߢ ታ ⴕ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߊ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ಽ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ኻ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ᒻ ᚑ ߦ ߅ ߡ 㧘ޟ ⹏ ଔ ⠪ ߇ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ ࠍ ߤ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߺ ߥ ߒ ߡ ࠆ ߆ ޠ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߪ ㊀ ⷐ ߥ ᗧ ࠍ ᜬ ߟ ߣ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ 㧔 ⋧ ࠄ 㧘1996㧕㧚ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘⋧ ᚻ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ශ ⽎ ߇ ⹏ ଔ ⠪ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߦ ߷ ߔ ᓇ 㗀 ߦ ߟ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ߚ ⎇ ⓥ ߪ ߺ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ 㧚 ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ᕈ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ಽ ߌ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߪ ㆡ ᔕ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ߇ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ࠍ ᜬ ߟ ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ታ ⴕ ߒ ߥ ႐ ว ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ߇ ᖡ ൻ ߒ 㧘 ਇ ㆡ ᔕ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߎ ߢ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ࡄ ࠰ ࠽ ࠹ ࠖ ࠍ ߤ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ᝒ ߃ ߡ ࠆ ߆ ߣ ߁ 㧘 ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߩ ㆑ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠆ ߩ ߆ ߦ ߟ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ኻ ⽎ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ࠍ ਈ ߃ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ᨞ ⓨ ߩ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ↪ ࠆ 㧚 ᨞ ⓨ ߩ ੱ ‛ ߣ ⥄ Ꮖ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ᕈ ࠍ ⛔ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߦ 㧘 ᨞ ⓨ ߩ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ޟ ห ᕈ ߢ ห ቇ ᐕ ߩ ੱ ޠ ߦ ⛔ ৻ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 㕍 ᐕ ߩ ㊀ ⷐ ߥ ኻ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߦ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ߇ ࠆ ߇ 㧘 ⇣ ᕈ ߩ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ߣ ᕜ ᗲ 㑐 ଥ ߣ ߩ Ꮕ ⇣ ࠍ ߛ ߔ ߩ ߇ ࿎ 㔍 ߢ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߆ ࠄ㧔 ↰ 㧘1993㧕㧘᨞ ⓨ ߩ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ห ᕈ ߩ ੱ ߦ ⸳ ቯ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 ห ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߪ ห ᕈ ߦ ᕈ ⊛ ᰼ ᳞ ࠍ ᛴ ߊ ߚ 㧘 ห ᕈ ߩ ੱ ߣ ቯ ߒ ߚ 㑐 ଥ ࠍ ▽ ߊ ߩ ߇ 㔍 ߒ ߣ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ㧔 㚍 ࠄ 㧘2010㧕㧚ߘ ߎ ߢ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ ᕜ ᗲ ኻ ⽎ ߇ ⥄ ಽ ߣ ห ᕈ ߩ ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ห ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ਔ ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ࠍ ಽ ᨆ ߩ ኻ ⽎ ߆ ࠄ ᄖ ߔ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ߹ ߕ ੍ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ 㧘 ᄢ ቇ ↢ ߇ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߹ ߚ ߪ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ࠍ ᛴ ߊ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ᨞ ⓨ ੱ ‛ ߩ ೝ ỗ ᢥ ࠍ ᚑ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ߢ 㧘 ᧄ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ฦ ੱ ‛ ߳ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ᷹ ቯ Ყ セ ߔ ࠆ 㧚
Τ ੍ ⺞ ᩏ 㧝 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ A ᄢ ቇ ߩ ቇ ↢ 117 ฬ ࠍ ኻ ⽎ ߦ 㧘 ⾰ ⚕ ⺞ ᩏ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ᰳ ៊ ୯ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ዤ ᐲ ߩ 10%ᧂ ḩ ߩ ߽ ߩ ߪ ᦨ 㗫 ୯ ࠍ ઍ ߒ 㧘 10% એ ߩ ߽ ߩ ߪ ⸃ ᨆ ߆ ࠄ 㒰 ᄖ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⋡ ⊛ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ห ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߹ ߚ ߪ ਔ ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߦ ᒰ ߔ ࠆ ᣇ ߪ ಽ ᨆ ߩ ኻ ⽎ ߦ ߪ ߹ ࠇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ಽ ᨆ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ ߪ 㧘112 ฬ㧔 ↵ ᕈ 59 ฬ 㧘ᅚ ᕈ 53 ฬ 㧕㧚ᐔ ဋ ᐕ 㦂 ߪ 18.70 ᱦ ߢ 㧘SD=0.69 ߢ ߞ ߚ 㧚 㧞 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ᚻ ⛯ ߈ ⻠ ⟵ ᤨ 㑆 ਛ ߦ ⾰ ⚕ ࠍ ㈩ Ꮣ࿁ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ᤨ ᦼ ߪ 2011 ᐕ 10 ਛ ᣨ 㧚 ⾰ ⚕ ߪ ੱ ߩ ․ ቯ ߇ ߢ ߈ ߥ ࠃ ߁ ή ⸥ ฬ છ ᗧ ߢ ⴕ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߥ ߤ 㧘 ⺞ ᩏ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⺑ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 㧟 㧚 ⾰ ⚕ ߩ ᭴ ᚑ Ԙ ࡈ ࠚ ࠗ ࠬ ࠪ ࠻ ቇ ㇱ 㧘 ቇ ⑼ 㧘 ቇ ᐕ 㧘 ᐕ 㦂 ߦ ߟ ߡ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ԙ ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ ᨋ 㧔 1978㧕 ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᚑ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ో 20 㗄 ⋡ ߆ ࠄ ߥ ࠆ ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ ࠍ ↪ ߚ 㧚 ޟ ߥ ߚ ߇ 㧘 ห ᕈ ߩ ਛ ߢ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߣ ᕁ ߁ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ᧪ ࠆ ߛ ߌ ౕ ⊛ ߦ ᕁ ᶋ ߆ ߴ ߡ ਅ ߐ 㧚ޠޟ ߥ ߚ ߇ 㧘 ห ᕈ ߩ ਛ ߢ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ߣ ᕁ ߁ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ᧪ ࠆ ߛ ߌ ౕ ⊛ ߦ ᕁ ᶋ ߆ ߴ ߡ ਅ ߐ 㧚ޠߣ ᢎ ␜ ߒ ߚ ߢ 㧘ޟ ᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠃ Ɇᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠊ ࠆ ޠ ╬ ߩ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ኻ ࠍ ឭ ␜ ߒ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ߩ ੱ ‛ ߇ ฦ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ኻ ߦ ߤ ߩ ߊ ࠄ ᒰ ߡ ߪ ߹ ࠆ ߆ ࠍ SD ᴺ 7 Ბ 㓏 ⹏ ቯ ߢ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 Ԛ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߩ ․ ᓽ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߩ ․ ᓽ㧔 ᕈ ᩰ ߿ ⴕ േ 㧕ߦ ߟ ߡ 㧘 㪤 㪪㪛 㪤 㪪㪛 㫋୯ 㩷㪈䋮ᶖᭂ⊛㵪Ⓧᭂ⊛ 㪉㪅㪌㪈 㪈㪅㪎㪉 㪌㪅㪇㪌 㪈㪅㪇㪇 㪈㪈㪅㪐㪐 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪉䋮ੱ䈱䉒䉎䈇㵪ੱ䈱䉋䈇 㪈㪅㪍㪊 㪇㪅㪏㪋 㪌㪅㪎㪉 㪈㪅㪇㪏 㪉㪏㪅㪈㪊 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪊䋮䈭䉁䈇䈐䈭㵪䈭䉁䈇䈐䈪䈭䈇 㪉㪅㪈㪊 㪈㪅㪌㪇 㪋㪅㪏㪇 㪈㪅㪊㪉 㪈㪊㪅㪊㪉 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪋䋮ㄭ䈨䈐䈏䈢䈇㵪䈵䈫䈭䈧䈦䈖䈇 㪉㪅㪋㪊 㪈㪅㪋㪈 㪋㪅㪐㪋 㪈㪅㪉㪊 㪈㪉㪅㪊㪋 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪌䋮䈮䈒䉌䈚䈇㵪䈎䉒䈇䉌䈚䈇 㪈㪅㪐㪍 㪈㪅㪉㪈 㪌㪅㪉㪈 㪈㪅㪈㪇 㪈㪐㪅㪈㪋 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪍䋮ᔃ䈱䈞䉁䈇㵪ᔃ䈱䈵䉐䈇 㪈㪅㪏㪍 㪈㪅㪇㪊 㪌㪅㪎㪍 㪈㪅㪉㪌 㪉㪋㪅㪌㪌 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪎䋮㕖␠⊛䈭㵪␠⊛䈭 㪉㪅㪋㪋 㪈㪅㪌㪍 㪌㪅㪋㪋 㪈㪅㪈㪍 㪈㪋㪅㪉㪈 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪏䋮⽿છᗵ䈱䈭䈇㵪⽿છᗵ䈱䈅䉎 㪈㪅㪐㪍 㪈㪅㪉㪋 㪌㪅㪈㪊 㪈㪅㪋㪎 㪈㪌㪅㪎㪌 㪁㪁㪁 㩷㪐䋮シ₸䈭㵪ᘕ㊀䈭 㪉㪅㪉㪐 㪈㪅㪊㪉 㪋㪅㪍㪎 㪈㪅㪇㪏 㪈㪊㪅㪇㪋 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪇䋮ᕯ䈛䈚䉌䈝䈱㵪ᕯ䈝䈎䈚䈏䉍䈱 㪊㪅㪊㪏 㪈㪅㪏㪐 㪊㪅㪎㪍 㪇㪅㪐㪌 㪈㪅㪍㪋 㵴 㪈㪈䋮シ⭯䈭㵪㊀ෘ䈭 㪉㪅㪍㪉 㪈㪅㪋㪉 㪋㪅㪏㪌 㪈㪅㪇㪏 㪈㪈㪅㪇㪐 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪉䋮ᴉ䉖䈣㵪䈉䈐䈉䈐䈚䈢 㪉㪅㪌㪇 㪈㪅㪌㪍 㪌㪅㪇㪎 㪈㪅㪇㪉 㪈㪉㪅㪌㪊 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪊䋮ඬዮ䈭㵪ၴ䇱䈫䈚䈢 㪉㪅㪉㪎 㪈㪅㪋㪏 㪌㪅㪈㪈 㪇㪅㪐㪐 㪈㪋㪅㪏㪎 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪋䋮ᗵ䈛䈱䉒䉎䈇㵪ᗵ䈛䈱䉋䈇 㪈㪅㪎㪏 㪈㪅㪇㪌 㪌㪅㪐㪋 㪇㪅㪐㪍 㪉㪌㪅㪐㪎 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪌䋮ήಽ䈭㵪ಽ䈱䈅䉎 㪉㪅㪇㪎 㪈㪅㪊㪈 㪌㪅㪍㪏 㪈㪅㪉㪊 㪈㪎㪅㪊㪍 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪍䋮ⷫ䈚䉂䈮䈒䈇㵪ⷫ䈚䉂䉇䈜䈇 㪉㪅㪉㪌 㪈㪅㪊㪊 㪌㪅㪏㪉 㪈㪅㪇㪎 㪈㪏㪅㪏㪎 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪎䋮ή᳇ജ䈭㵪ᗧ᰼⊛䈭 㪉㪅㪋㪍 㪈㪅㪌㪈 㪌㪅㪉㪉 㪈㪅㪇㪌 㪈㪊㪅㪍㪋 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪏䋮⥄ା䈱䈭䈇㵪⥄ା䈱䈅䉎 㪉㪅㪎㪐 㪈㪅㪋㪌 㪋㪅㪏㪏 㪇㪅㪐㪈 㪈㪈㪅㪍㪏 㪁㪁㪁 㪈㪐䋮⍴᳇䈭㵪᳇㐳䈭 㪉㪅㪇㪋 㪈㪅㪈㪊 㪌㪅㪋㪎 㪈㪅㪇㪏 㪈㪏㪅㪏㪇 㪁㪁㪁 㪉㪇䋮ਇⷫಾ䈭㵪ⷫಾ䈭 㪈㪅㪏㪎 㪈㪅㪇㪉 㪌㪅㪏㪏 㪇㪅㪏㪈 㪉㪎㪅㪋㪎 㪁㪁㪁 㵴㪑㫇㩷㪓㪅㪈㪇 㪁㪁㪁㪑㫇㩷㪓㪅㪇㪇㪈 ᖡශ⽎䈱ੱ 㩿㫅㪔㪈㪈㪎㪀 ᅢශ⽎䈱ੱ 㩿㫅㪔㪈㪈㪎㪀 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪈䇭ੱ䈮䈚䈢䈒䈭䈇ੱ‛䈫ੱ䈮䈚䈢䈇ੱ‛䈱ᐔဋ୯䈱Ყセ
ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ ߢ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ԛ ࿁ ╵ ⠪ ߩ ᕈ 㧘 ᕜ ᗲ ኻ ⽎ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ᕈ 㧠 㧚 ශ ⽎ ⹏ ቯ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ੱ ‛ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ੱ ‛ ߩ ශ ⽎ ࠍ Ყ セ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߦ tᬌ ቯ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘㗄 ⋡ 10 ࠍ 㒰 ߊ ో ߡ ߩ 㗄 ⋡ ߢ ᗧ Ꮕ ߇ ⏕ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧔 ో ߡ p <.001㧕㧚߹ ߚ 㧘㗄 ⋡ 10 ߢ ߪ ᗧ ߥ ะ ߇ ⏕ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧔p<.10㧕㧚 ߎ ߩ ߎ ߣ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ੍ ⺞ ᩏ ߦ ߅ ߡ ࿁ ╵ ⠪ ߇ ᗐ ቯ ߒ ߚ ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ੱ ‛ ߪ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ੱ ‛ ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߢ ߞ ߚ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߣ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧔 Table1㧕㧚 㧡 㧚 ೝ ỗ ᢥ ߩ ᚑ ᚻ ⛯ ߈ ಽ ᨆ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ 112 ฬ ߩ ౝ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ߪ 86 ฬ 㧔 ↵ ᕈ 40 ฬ 㧘 ᅚ ᕈ 46 ฬ 㧕߇ ࿁ ╵ ߒ 㧘⸘ 174 㧔 ৻ ੱ ᒰ ߚ ࠅ 2.02 㧕 ߩ ⸥ ㅀ ߇ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ߪ 87 ฬ 㧔 ↵ ᕈ 41 ฬ 㧘 ᅚ ᕈ 46 ฬ 㧕 ߇ ࿁ ╵ ߒ 㧘 ⸘ 170 㧔 ৻ ੱ ᒰ ߚ ࠅ 1.95 㧕 ߩ ⸥ ㅀ ߇ ᓧ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧚KJ ᴺ ࠍ ↪ ߡ ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ ߩ ࠺ ࠲ ࠍ ಽ 㘃 ߒ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߩ ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ ߪ 13 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߩ ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ ߪ 14 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ߦ ಽ 㘃 ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ೝ ỗ ᢥ ߩ ᚑ ߦ ߪ KJ ᴺ ߢ ಽ 㘃 ߐ ࠇ ߚ ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ฬ ࠍ ↪ ߚ ߇ 㧘 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ᢙ ߇ ᄙ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ 㧘 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ߦ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ ⸥ ㅀ ᢙ ߇ ᄙ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߽ ߩ㧔ޟ ߘ ߩ ઁ ޠࠍ 㒰 ߊ 㧕 ߆ ࠄ 㗅 ߦ 6 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ߕ ߟ ࠍ ↪ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 6 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ߦ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ ⸥ ㅀ ᢙ ߪ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߢ ߪ ✚ ⸥ ㅀ ᢙ ߩ 70㧑 ࠍ 㧘 ੱ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߊ ߥ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߢ ߪ ✚ ⸥ ㅀ ᢙ ߩ 72㧑 ࠍ භ ߡ ࠆ 㧚ߎ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ࠍ ߽ ߣ ߦ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߩ ೝ ỗ ᢥ ࠍ ᚑ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ೝ ỗ ᢥ ࠍ ᚑ ߔ ࠆ ߢ 㧘 ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ฬ ࠍ ߘ ߩ ߹ ߹ ↪ ࠆ ߣ ᢥ ┨ ߇ ਇ ⥄ ὼ ߦ ߥ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ 㧘 ߘ ߩ ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ߩ ਅ ࠞ ࠹ ࠧ ฬ ࠍ ↪ ߡ ࠍ ୃ ᱜ ߒ ߚ 㧚 㧢 㧚 ᚑ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ೝ ỗ ᢥ Ԙ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߩ ೝ ỗ ᢥ A ߐ ࠎ ߪ ߥ ߚ ߣ ห ᕈ ߢ ห ቇ ᐕ ߩ ੱ ߢ ߔ 㧚 A ߐ ࠎ ߪ ␠ ⊛ ߢ ࠆ ߊ 㧘 ࠅ ߩ ੱ ߦ ߽ ߥ ߚ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ߽ ఝ ߒ ੱ ߢ ߔ 㧚 ߥ ߚ ߣ A ߐ ࠎ ߪ ߣ ߡ ߽ ᳇ ߇ ว ߁ ߩ ߢ 㧘 ߥ ߚ ߪ A ߐ ࠎ ߣ ৻ ✜ ߦ ࠆ ߣ ᭉ ߒ ᤨ 㑆 ࠍ ㆊ ߏ ߔ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ߹ ߔ 㧚 ߦ ߽ Ⓧ ᭂ ⊛ ߦ ข ࠅ ⚵ A ߐ ࠎ ࠍ 㧘 ࠅ ߩ ੱ ߪ ዅ ᢘ ߒ ߡ ߹ ߔ 㧚 ԙ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߩ ೝ ỗ ᢥ B ߐ ࠎ ߪ 㧘 ߥ ߚ ߣ ห ᕈ ߢ ห ቇ ᐕ ߩ ੱ ߢ ߔ 㧚 B ߐ ࠎ ߪ ⥄ Ꮖ ਛ ᔃ ⊛ ߢ ࠅ ߩ ⓨ ᳇ ߇ ⺒ ߥ 㧘 㕖 Ᏹ ⼂ ߥ ੱ ߢ ߔ 㧚 ੱ ߩ ᳇ ᜬ ߜ ࠍ ⠨ ߃ ߥ ߣ ߎ ࠈ ߇ ࠅ 㧘 ߥ ߚ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ህ ߿ ᖡ ญ ࠍ ⸒ ߞ ߡ ߈ ߹ ߔ 㧚 ߘ ߩ 㕙 㧘 B ߐ ࠎ ߪ ᶖ ᭂ ⊛ ߥ ߩ ߢ 㧘 ৻ ✜ ߦ ࠆ ߣ ࠬ ࠻ ࠬ ࠍ ᗵ ߓ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠅ ߹ ߔ 㧚 Υ ᣇ ᴺ 㧝 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ A ᄢ ቇ ߩ ቇ ↢ 323 ฬ ࠍ ኻ ⽎ ߦ ⾰ ⚕ ⺞ ᩏ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ᰳ ៊ ୯ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ዤ ᐲ ߩ 10%ᧂ ḩ ߩ ߽ ߩ ߪ ᦨ 㗫 ୯ ࠍ ઍ ߒ 㧘 10% એ ߩ ߽ ߩ ߪ 㒰 ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⋡ ⊛ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ห ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߹ ߚ ߪ ਔ ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߦ ᒰ ߔ ࠆ ᣇ ߪ ಽ ᨆ ߩ ኻ ⽎ ߆ ࠄ ᄖ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ಽ ᨆ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ ߪ 㧘 281 ฬ 㧔 ↵
ᕈ 142 ฬ 㧘 ᅚ ᕈ 139 ฬ 㧕㧚 ಽ ᨆ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ ߩ ᐔ ဋ ᐕ 㦂 ߪ 19.27 ᱦ ߢ 㧘SD=1.06 ߢ ߞ ߚ 㧚 㧞 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ᚻ ⛯ ߈ ⺞ ᩏ ᤨ ᦼ ߪ 2011 ᐕ 11 ਛ ᣨ 㨪 12 ᣨ ߢ 㧘 ੍ ⺞ ᩏ ߣ ห ᭽ ߩ ᚻ ⛯ ߈ ߢ ⺞ ᩏ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 㧟 㧚 ↪ ዤ ᐲ Ԙ ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ 㧔 ᨋ 㧘 1978㧕 ᨋ 㧔 1978 㧕 ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᚑ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ో 20 㗄 ⋡ ߆ ࠄ ߥ ࠆ ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ ࠍ ↪ ߚ 㧚 ޟ ᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠃ ̆ ᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠊ ࠆ ޠ ╬ ߩ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ኻ ࠍ ឭ ␜ ߒ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߇ ฦ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ኻ ߦ ߤ ߩ ߊ ࠄ ᒰ ߡ ߪ ߹ ࠆ ߆ ࠍ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ SD ᴺ 7 Ბ 㓏 ⹏ ቯ ߢ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ԙ ᚑ ੱ ↪ ࠰ ࠪ ࡖ ࡞ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⥄ Ꮖ ⹏ ቯ ዤ ᐲ 㧔 ⋧ Ꮉ ⮮ ↰ 㧘 2005㧕 ⋧ Ꮉ ⮮ ↰ 㧔 2005㧕 ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᚑ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ዤ ᐲ ࠍ ↪ ߚ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ዤ ᐲ ߪ 6 ਅ ዤ ᐲ 35 㗄 ⋡ ߢ ᭴ ᚑ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ ߇ 㧘 ޟ ߛ ߜ ޠޟ ੱ ޠޟ ⋧ ᚻ ޠ ߥ ߤ 㧘 㗄 ⋡ 㑆 ߢ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ኻ ⽎ ߦ ⇣ ߥ ߞ ߚ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ߚ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ࠄ ࠍ ޟ ⋧ ᚻ ޠ ߦ ⛔ ৻ ߔ ࠆ ߥ ߤ 㧘 ࠍ ৻ ㇱ ୃ ᱜ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ೋ ኻ 㕙 ߩ ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ߁ 㗄 ⋡ ߿ ⋧ ᚻ ࠍ ․ ቯ ߒ ߥ ߨ ᣇ ࠍ ߒ ߡ ࠆ 㗄 ⋡ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⋡ ⊛ ߦ ᴪ ࠊ ߥ 㗄 ⋡ ࠍ 㒰 ߚ 5 ਅ ዤ ᐲ 23 㗄 ⋡ ࠍ ↪ 㧘ޟ ߶ ߣ ࠎ ߤ ߡ ߪ ߹ ࠄ ߥ 㧦1ޠ߆ ࠄޟ ߆ ߥ ࠅ ߡ ߪ ߹ ࠆ㧦4ޠߩ 4 ઙ ᴺ ߢ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ᓧ ὐ ߩ ▚ ߦ ᒰ ߚ ߞ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ᮘ ญ ࠄ 㧔 2007㧕 ࠍ ෳ ⠨ ߦ 㧘 ᢙ ୯ ߇ 㜞 ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߶ ߤ ⢐ ቯ ⊛ ౝ ኈ ߩ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ߣ ߥ ࠅ ශ ⽎ ߇ ⦟ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ㆡ ቱ ㅒ ォ 㗄 ⋡ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 㗄 ⋡ 10ޟ ᕯ ߓ ߒ ࠄ ߕ ߩɆᕯ ߕ ߆ ߒ ߇ ࠅ ߩ ޠ ߥ ߤ ߪ 㧘 ᔅ ߕ ߒ ߽ ߤ ߜ ࠄ ߆ ৻ ᣇ ߩ ᭂ ߇ ࠃ ࠅ ᅢ ߹ ߒ ߣ ߪ ⸒ ߃ ߥ 㧚 ߘ ߎ ߢ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ᨋ 㧔 1976㧕 ߇ ᢙ ㊂ ൻ ╙ ਃ 㘃 ߩ ಽ ᨆ ⚿ ᨐ ߥ ߤ ߦ ၮ ߠ ߡ ቯ ߚ ޟ ଔ ୯ ⊛ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ᦸ ߹ ߒ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ᣇ ะ ޠ ࠍ ⢐ ቯ ⊛ ౝ ኈ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 㧠 㧚 ႐ 㕙 ⸳ ቯ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᷹ ቯ ߦ ߚ ࠅ 㧘 ․ ߦ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ߪ 㑐 ଥ ߩ ࿁ ㆱ ߇ ߊ น ⢻ ᕈ ߇ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚ߘ ߎ ߢ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ធ ߔ ࠆ 㗫 ᐲ ߩ Ꮕ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠄ ߥ ࠃ ߁ ߦ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ႐ 㕙 ࠍ ⸳ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ⺞ ᩏ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ ߢ ࠆ ᄢ ቇ ↢ ߦ ߣ ߞ ߡ ⥄ ὼ ߥ ႐ 㕙 ߢ ࠆ ߎ ߣ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ᔅ ⷐ ᕈ ߇ ↢ ߓ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ႐ 㕙 ߢ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ╬ ࠍ ⠨ ᘦ ߒ 㧘 એ ਅ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ႐ 㕙 ࠍ ⸳ ቯ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ޟ ߥ ߚ ߪ 㧘 ᄢ ቇ ߩ ᬺ ߢ A ߐ ࠎ 㧔 B ߐ ࠎ 㧕 ߣ ࡍ ࠕ ࠍ ⚵ ࠎ ߢ ⊒ ࠍ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߥ ࠅ ߹ ߒ ߚ 㧚 1 ߆ ᓟ ߩ ⊒ ߦ ะ ߌ ߚ Ḱ ࠍ A ߐ ࠎ 㧔 B ߐ ࠎ 㧕 ߣ ද ജ ߒ ߡ ⴕ ࠊ ߥ ߌ ࠇ ߫ ߥ ࠅ ߹ ߖ ࠎ 㧚 ⊒ ౝ ኈ ߪ ᢎ ຬ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ណ ὐ ߐ ࠇ 㧘 ߘ ߩ ᓧ ὐ ߦ ᔕ ߓ ߡ ⑼ ⋡ ߩ ᚑ ❣ ߇ ቯ ߒ ߹ ߔ 㧚ޠ 㧡 㧚 ⾰ ⚕ ߩ ᭴ ᚑ Ԙ ࡈ ࠚ ࠗ ࠬ ࠪ ࠻ ቇ ㇱ 㧘 ቇ ⑼ 㧘 ቇ ᐕ 㧘 ᐕ 㦂 ߟ ߡ ࿁ ╵ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ԙ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ 㧔 A ߐ ࠎ 㧕 ߦ ߟ ߡ ೝ ỗ ᢥ ߩ ឭ ␜ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ⹏ ቯ 㧘 A ߐ ࠎ ߩ ශ ⽎㧔 ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ 㧕㧘A ߐ ࠎ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᷹ ቯ
Ԛ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ 㧔 B ߐ ࠎ 㧕 ߦ ߟ ߡ ೝ ỗ ᢥ ߩ ឭ ␜ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ⹏ ቯ 㧘 B ߐ ࠎ ߩ ශ ⽎㧔 ⥄ ↱ ⸥ ㅀ 㧕㧘B ߐ ࠎ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᷹ ቯ ԛ ࿁ ╵ ⠪ ߩ ᕈ 㧘 ᕜ ᗲ ኻ ⽎ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ᕈ ೝ ỗ ᢥ ឭ ␜ ߩ 㗅 ⇟ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ല ᨐ ߇ ߥ ࠃ ߁ ߦ 㧘 ԙ ߣ Ԛ ࠍ ࠇ ᦧ ߃ ߡ ࠞ ࠙ ࡦ ࠲ ࡃ ࡦ ࠬ ࠍ ߣ ߞ ߚ 㧚 Φ ⚿ ᨐ 㧝 㧚 ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ ߩ ࿃ ሶ ಽ ᨆ ․ ᕈ ᒻ ኈ ⹖ ዤ ᐲ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ৻ ㅪ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘ޟ ੱ ⊛ ⷫ ߒ ߺ ߿ ߔ ߐ ޠޟ ␠ ળ ⊛ ᦸ ߹ ߒ ߐ ޠޟ ᵴ േ ᕈ ޠߦ ᒰ ߔ ࠆ ฦ ࿃ ሶ ߇ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 ฦ ࿃ ሶ ߦ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ 㗄 ⋡ ߪ ⺞ ᩏ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ⧯ ᐓ ߩ Ꮕ ⇣ ߇ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ߚ 㧘 ⏕ ⊛ ࿃ ሶ ಽ ᨆ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ⹏ ቯ ⚿ ᨐ ࠍ ว ࠊ ߖ ߡ 㧘 ᦨ ዕ ᴺ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ࿃ ሶ ಽ ᨆ ߒ ߚ 㧔 ࠨ ࡦ ࡊ ࡞ ᢙ ߪ 㧘 ಽ ᨆ ኻ ⽎ ⠪ 281ೝ ỗ ੱ ‛ 2㧩 562 ࠨ ࡦ ࡊ ࡞ 㧕㧚 ࿃ ሶ ߩ ߦ ߪ ᦨ ዕ ᴺ ࠍ ↪ ߚ 㧚 ࿃ ሶ ᢙ ߪ ⸃ ㉼ น ⢻ ᕈ ࠍ ⠨ ᘦ ߒ 㧘 3 ࿃ ሶ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ฦ 㗄 ⋡ ߩ ౝ 㧘㗄 ⋡ 10ޟ ᕯ ߓ ߒ ࠄ ߕ ߩ ̆ ᕯ ߕ ߆ ߒ ߇ ࠅ ߩ ޠ ߪ 㧘 ࿃ ሶ ᓟ ߩ ㅢ ᕈ ߇ 0.25 ߣ 㧘 ઁ ߩ 㗄 ⋡ ߣ Ყ セ ߒ ߡ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ૐ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ 㒰 ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚ߘ ߩ ᓟ 㧘ᦨ ዕ ᴺ ࡊ ࡠ ࡑ ࠶ ࠢ ࠬ ࿁ ォ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ࿃ ሶ ಽ ᨆ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 19 㗄 ⋡ 3 ࿃ ሶ ߇ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 3 ࿃ ሶ ߩ ⚥ Ⓧ ነ ਈ ₸ ߪ 71.89㧑 ߢ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ฦ ࿃ ሶ ߦ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ 㗄 ⋡ ࠍ ⏕ ߒ ߚ ߣ ߎ ࠈ 㧘 ᨋ 㧔 1978㧕 ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߣ ૃ ߚ ࿃ ሶ ᭴ ㅧ ࠍ ߒ ߡ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ಽ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ 㧘 ࿃ ሶ ฬ ߪ ห ߓ ߽ ߩ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ╙ Σ ࿃ ሶ ߪ ޟ ᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠊ ࠆ ̆ ᗵ ߓ ߩ ࠃ ޠ㧘ޟ ੱ ߩ ࠊ ࠆ ̆ ੱ ߩ ࠃ ޠ ߥ ߤ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ⽶ ⩄ ㊂ ߇ 㜞 ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ 㧘ޟ ੱ ⊛ ⷫ ߒ ߺ ߿ ߔ ߐ ޠߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ࿃ ሶ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚╙ Τ ࿃ ሶ ߪޟ シ ₸ ߥ ̆ ᘕ ㊀ ߥ ޠ㧘ޟ シ ⭯ ߥ ̆ ㊀ ෘ ߥ ޠ ߥ ߤ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ⽶ ⩄ ㊂ ߇ 㜞 ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ ޟ ␠ ળ ⊛ 㪤 㪪㪛 㪤 㪪㪛 䌴୯ ✚ᓧὐ 㪌㪐㪅㪇㪈 㪐㪅㪇㪇 㪍㪋㪅㪉㪊 㪏㪅㪉㪈 㪐㪅㪉㪍 㪁㪁㪁 ⸃⺒ 㪈㪍㪅㪈㪇 㪊㪅㪍㪈 㪈㪍㪅㪇㪇 㪊㪅㪈㪎 㪄㪇㪅㪋㪉 ਥᒛᕈ 㪈㪌㪅㪉㪇 㪊㪅㪌㪍 㪈㪌㪅㪐㪍 㪊㪅㪋㪊 㪊㪅㪍㪌 㪁㪁㪁 ᗵᖱ⛔ 㪐㪅㪌㪐 㪉㪅㪋㪈 㪈㪇㪅㪊㪈 㪉㪅㪈㪉 㪌㪅㪈㪎 㪁㪁㪁 㑐ଥ⛽ᜬ 㪏㪅㪈㪋 㪈㪅㪐㪈 㪐㪅㪌㪊 㪈㪅㪍㪐 㪈㪈㪅㪋㪍 㪁㪁㪁 ⸥ภൻ 㪈㪇㪅㪇㪇 㪉㪅㪌㪈 㪈㪉㪅㪋㪋 㪉㪅㪉㪎 㪈㪊㪅㪋㪐 㪁㪁㪁 㪁㪁㪁㪑㫇㩷㪓㪅㪇㪇㪈 ᖡශ⽎䈱ੱ ᅢශ⽎䈱ੱ 㩿㫅㪔㪉㪏㪈㪀 㩿㫅㪔㪉㪏㪈㪀 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪊䇭⋧ᚻ䈮䉋䉎␠ળ⊛䉴䉨䊦䈇ಽ䈔 㪤 㪪㪛 㪤 㪪㪛 䌴 ୯ ✚ᓧὐ 㪌㪋㪅㪏㪌 㪎㪅㪍㪈 㪍㪊㪅㪍㪈 㪈㪈㪅㪍㪇 㪄㪌㪅㪌㪇 㪁㪁㪁 ⸃⺒ 㪈㪋㪅㪏㪌 㪊㪅㪉㪎 㪈㪎㪅㪉㪊 㪋㪅㪋㪎 㪄㪊㪅㪎㪌 㪁㪁㪁 ਥᒛᕈ 㪈㪊㪅㪎㪌 㪊㪅㪋㪍 㪈㪍㪅㪉㪉 㪋㪅㪋㪇 㪄㪊㪅㪏㪌 㪁㪁㪁 ᗵᖱ⛔ 㪐㪅㪈㪌 㪉㪅㪇㪇 㪈㪇㪅㪋㪌 㪉㪅㪐㪉 㪄㪊㪅㪉㪇 㪁㪁㪁 㑐ଥ⛽ᜬ 㪎㪅㪌㪊 㪈㪅㪎㪉 㪐㪅㪈㪈 㪉㪅㪈㪐 㪄㪋㪅㪐㪌 㪁㪁㪁 ⸥ภൻ 㪐㪅㪌㪎 㪉㪅㪈㪏 㪈㪇㪅㪍㪈 㪊㪅㪉㪍 㪄㪉㪅㪊㪈 㪁 㪁㪑㫇㩷㪓㪅㪇㪌 㪁㪁㪁㪑㫇㩷㪓㪅㪇㪇㪈 ૐ⟲ 㜞⟲ 㩿㫅 㪔㪏㪈㪀 㩿㫅 㪔㪎㪋㪀 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪋䇭␠ળ⊛䉴䉨䊦㜞⟲䈫ૐ⟲䈱Ყセ 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪉䇭․ᕈᒻኈ⹖ዤᐲ䈱࿃ሶಽᨆ 㗄⋡ 㸇 㸈 㸉 ╙㸇࿃ሶ䋺ੱ⊛ⷫ䈚䉂䉇䈜䈘䇭㩿㱍㪔㪅㪐㪎㪀 㪈㪋䋮ᗵ䈛䈱䉒䉎䈇㵪ᗵ䈛䈱䉋䈇 㪅㪐㪋 㪅㪇㪉 㪅㪇㪈 㩷㪉䋮ੱ䈱䉒䉎䈇㵪ੱ䈱䉋䈇 㪅㪏㪋 㪅㪇㪊 㪅㪇㪊 㪉㪇䋮ਇⷫಾ䈭㵪ⷫಾ䈭 㪅㪏㪉 㪅㪇㪍 㪅㪇㪍 㩷㪌䋮䈮䈒䉌䈚䈇㵪䈎䉒䈇䉌䈚䈇 㪅㪎㪊 㪅㪈㪈 㪅㪇㪊 㩷㪎䋮㕖␠⊛䈭㵪␠⊛䈭 㪅㪎㪉 㪄㪅㪇㪋 㪅㪉㪍 㪈㪍䋮ⷫ䈚䉂䈮䈒䈇㵪ⷫ䈚䉂䉇䈜䈇 㪅㪎㪈 㪅㪈㪈 㪅㪈㪋 㩷㪈䋮ᶖᭂ⊛䈭㵪Ⓧᭂ⊛䈭 㪅㪌㪐 㪅㪇㪉 㪅㪊㪊 㩷㪋䋮ㄭ䈨䈐䈏䈢䈇㵪䈵䈫䈭䈧䈦䈖䈇 㪅㪌㪏 㪅㪈㪇 㪅㪈㪌 㩷㪊䋮䈭䉁䈇䈐䈭㵪䈭䉁䈇䈐䈪䈭䈇 㪅㪌㪋 㪅㪉㪎 㪅㪇㪏 㩷㪍䋮ᔃ䈱䈞䉁䈇㵪ᔃ䈱䈵䉐䈇 㪅㪌㪊 㪅㪊㪇 㪅㪇㪏 㪈㪐䋮⍴᳇䈭㵪᳇㐳䈭 㪅㪋㪈 㪅㪊㪌 㪅㪇㪐 ╙㸈࿃ሶ䋺␠ળ⊛ᦸ䉁䈚䈘䇭㩿㱍㪔㪅㪏㪋㪀 㩷㪐䋮シ₸䈭㵪ᘕ㊀䈭 㪄㪅㪇㪎 㪅㪏㪌 㪅㪇㪇 㪈㪈䋮シ⭯䈭㵪㊀ෘ䈭 㪅㪇㪎 㪅㪎㪍 㪄㪅㪈㪇 㩷㪏䋮⽿છᗵ䈱䈭䈇㵪⽿છᗵ䈱䈅䉎 㪅㪇㪌 㪅㪌㪐 㪅㪈㪏 㪈㪌䋮ήಽ䈭㵪ಽ䈱䈅䉎 㪅㪉㪐 㪅㪌㪈 㪅㪇㪋 ╙㸉࿃ሶ䋺ᵴേᕈ䇭㩿㱍㪔㪅㪐㪇㪀 㪈㪏䋮⥄ା䈱䈭䈇㵪⥄ା䈱䈅䉎 㪄㪅㪈㪈 㪄㪅㪇㪉 㪅㪐㪌 㪈㪉䋮ᴉ䉖䈣㵪䈉䈐䈉䈐䈚䈢 㪅㪊㪋 㪄㪅㪇㪎 㪅㪌㪐 㪈㪊䋮ඬዮ䈭㵪ၴ䇱䈫䈚䈢 㪅㪈㪍 㪅㪈㪉 㪅㪌㪐 㪈㪎䋮ή᳇ജ䈭㵪ᗧ᰼⊛䈭 㪅㪊㪌 㪅㪇㪎 㪅㪌㪇 ࿃ሶ㑆⋧㑐 㸇 㸈 㸉 㸇 㵪 㸈 㪅㪏㪇 㵪 㸉 㪅㪏㪉 㪅㪍㪋 㵪
ᦸ ߹ ߒ ߐ ޠ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ࿃ ሶ ߣ ߒ 㧘 ╙ Υ ࿃ ሶ ߪ ޟ ⥄ ା ߩ ߥ ̆ ⥄ ା ߩ ࠆ ޠ㧘ޟ ඬ ዮ ߥ ̆ ၴ ޘ ߣ ߒ ߚ ޠ ߥ ߤ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ⽶ ⩄ ㊂ ߇ 㜞 ߆ ߞ ߚ ߚ ޟ ᵴ േ ᕈ ޠ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ࿃ ሶ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ฦ ࿃ ሶ ߩ ౝ ⊛ ᢛ ว ᕈ ࠍ ⏕ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߦ 㧘 ฦ ࿃ ሶ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߩ ࠢ ࡠ ࡦ ࡃ ࠶ ࠢ ߩ ǂ ଥ ᢙ ࠍ ▚ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ╙ Σ ࿃ ሶ ( ੱ ⊛ ⷫ ߒ ߺ ߿ ߔ ߐ )㧦ǂ㧩 .97㧘╙ Τ ࿃ ሶ (␠ ળ ⊛ ᦸ ߹ ߒ ߐ )㧦ǂ㧩 .84㧘╙ Υ ࿃ ሶ (ᵴ േ ᕈ )㧦ǂ㧩 .90 ߢ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߕ ࠇ ߩ ࿃ ሶ ߦ ߅ ߡ ߽ 㜞 ౝ ⊛ ᢛ ว ᕈ ߇ ⏕ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ߚ 㧘 એ ᓟ ߩ ಽ ᨆ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ߎ ߩ 3 ࿃ ሶ 19 㗄 ⋡ ࠍ ↪ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧔 Table2㧕㧚 㧞 㧚 ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ㆑ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ታ ⴕ ߔ ࠆ ⋧ ᚻ ࠍ ⁛ ┙ ᄌ ᢙ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ࠍ ᓥ ዻ ᄌ ᢙ ߣ ߔ ࠆ㨠ᬌ ቯ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߪ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߇ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᗧ ߦ 㜞 ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧔t(280) 㧩 9.26 㧘 p<.001㧕㧚߹ ߚ 㧘ฦ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ห ᭽ ߦ t ᬌ ቯ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ ߣ ߎ ࠈ 㧘ޟ ⸃ ⺒ ޠࠍ 㒰 ߚ ో ߡ ߩ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߢ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߇ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᗧ ߦ 㜞 ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧔 Table3㧕㧚 㧟 㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ ߩ Ყ セ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߦ ߟ ߡ 㧘 ᐔ ဋ 㧗 0.5SDࠍ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㜞 ⟲ 㧘 ᐔ ဋ 㧙 0.5SDࠍ ૐ ⟲ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ 㜞 ૐ ⟲ ࠍ ⁛ ┙ ᄌ ᢙ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߳ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ࠍ ᓥ ዻ ᄌ ᢙ ߣ ߒ ߚ㨠ᬌ ቯ ࠍ ⴕ ߞ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ૐ ⟲ ߪ 㜞 ⟲ ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߳ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ᗧ ߦ ૐ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ㧔t(124)㧩 -5.50㧘p<.001㧕㧚߹ ߚ 㧘ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߽ ห ᭽ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߇ ᓧ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧔 Table4㧕㧚 㧠 㧚 ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ශ ⽎ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ ߇ ᄢ ߈ ߶ ߤ ශ ⽎ ߩ ᅢ ̆ ᖡ ߩ ್ ᢿ ߦ 㐿 ߈ ߇ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ࠍ ␜ ߒ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ ߇ ࠆ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߪ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ߎ ߞ ߡ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ࠍ ␜ ߔ 㧚 ߒ ߚ ߇ ߞ ߡ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ 㧔 ᅢ ශ ⽎ 㧙 ᖡ ශ ⽎ 㧕 ߣ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ 㧔 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ᓧ ὐ 㧙 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ᓧ ὐ 㧕 ߩ ⋧ 㑐 ଥ ᢙ ࠍ ᳞ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ 㧘 ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ࠍ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ߚ 㧚 㩷䇸␠ળ⊛䉴䉨䊦✚ᓧὐ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪉㪋 㪁㪁 㩷䇸⸃⺒䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪇㪇 㩷䇸ਥᒛᕈ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪇㪊 㩷䇸ᗵᖱ⛔䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪈㪐 㪁㪁 㩷䇸㑐ଥ⛽ᜬ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪊㪍 㪁㪁 㩷䇸⸥ภൻ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪊㪋 㪁㪁 㩷㩷㪁㪁㪑㫇㪓㪅㪇㪈 㩷㩷㩷ශ⽎✚ᓧὐ䈱Ꮕ 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪌䇭ኻੱ⍮䈫ታⴕᰳᅤ䈱㑐ㅪ 㩷䇸␠ળ⊛䉴䉨䊦✚ᓧὐ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪈㪍 㪇㪅㪊㪏 㪁㪁 㩷䇸⸃⺒䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪇㪊 㪇㪅㪇㪏 㩷䇸ਥᒛᕈ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪇㪇 㪇㪅㪇㪋 㩷䇸ᗵᖱ⛔䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪇㪍 㪇㪅㪋㪇 㪁㪁 㩷䇸㑐ଥ⛽ᜬ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪉㪍 㪁 㪇㪅㪋㪌 㪁㪁 㩷䇸⸥ภൻ䇹䈱Ꮕ 㪇㪅㪉㪊 㪁 㪇㪅㪋㪎 㪁㪁 ૐ⟲ 㜞⟲ 䇭㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㪍䇭ኻੱ⍮䈫ታⴕᰳᅤ䈱㑐ㅪ䋨䉴䉨䊦ૐ⟲䊶㜞⟲䈱Ყセ䋩 㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㩷㪁㪑㫇 㩷㪓㪅㪇㪌㩷㩷㪁㪁㪑㫇 㩷㪓㪅㪇㪈 ශ⽎✚ᓧὐ䈱Ꮕ ᅢශ⽎䈱ੱ䈮ኻ䈜䉎␠ળ⊛䉴䉨䊦
ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ᒙ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐 ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧔r㧩 . 24㧘 p<.01㧕㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ห ᭽ ߦ ⋧ 㑐 ଥ ᢙ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ ߣ ߎ ࠈ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ ߪ 㧘 ޟ 㑐 ଥ ⛽ ᜬ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ ߣ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐㧔r㧩 .36㧘p<.01㧕߇ 㧘ޟ ⸥ ภ ൻ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ ߣ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ߪ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐 㧔r㧩 .34㧘 p<.01㧕߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 ߘ ߩ ઁ ߩ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ 㑐 ߪ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧔 Table5㧕 㧚 㧡 㧚 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ᧂ ₪ ᓧ ߣ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ࠍ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ ߦ ಽ ߌ ߡ Ყ セ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߦ ߟ ߡ 㧘 ᐔ ဋ 㧗 0.5SD ࠍ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㜞 ⟲ 㧘 ᐔ ဋ 㧙 0.5SD ࠍ ૐ ⟲ ߣ ߒ ߚ 㧚ශ ⽎ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ㧔 ᅢ ශ ⽎ 㧙 ᖡ ශ ⽎ 㧕 ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ 㧔 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ᓧ ὐ 㧙 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߩ ᓧ ὐ 㧕 ߩ ⋧ 㑐 ଥ ᢙ ࠍ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ߦ ߟ ߡ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 㜞 ⟲ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ᒙ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐 ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧔r㧩 .38㧘 p<.01㧕㧚 ৻ ᣇ 㧘 ૐ ⟲ ߢ ߪ ශ ⽎ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ⋧ 㑐 ߪ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ㧔r 㧩 .16㧘n.s.㧕㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ห ᭽ ߦ ⋧ 㑐 ଥ ᢙ ࠍ ᳞ ߚ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 㜞 ⟲ ߦ ߅ ߡ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ ߪ ޟ ᗵ ᖱ ⛔ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ㧔r㧩 .40㧘p<.01㧕㧘ޟ 㑐 ଥ ⛽ ᜬ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ 㧔r㧩 .45㧘p<.01㧕㧘ޟ ⸥ ภ ൻ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ㧔r㧩 .47㧘 p<.01㧕ߣ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐 ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ૐ ⟲ ߦ ߅ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ߩ Ꮕ ߪޟ 㑐 ଥ ⛽ ᜬ ߩ Ꮕ ޠ㧔r㧩 .26㧘p<.05㧕㧘ޟ ⸥ ภ ൻ ߩ Ꮕ ޠߣ ߩ 㑆 ߦ ᒙ ᱜ ߩ ⋧ 㑐㧔r㧩 .23㧘 p<.05㧕 ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧔 Table6㧕 㧚 Χ ⠨ ኤ 㧝 㧚 ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ㆑ ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ✚ ᓧ ὐ ࠍ Ყ セ ߒ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘ޟ ⸃ ⺒ ޠ ࠍ 㒰 ߚ ో ߡ ߩ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߢ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ߎ ߣ ߇ ಽ ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ⋧ Ꮉ ࠄ 㧔 1993㧕 ߪ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ↢ ㆊ ⒟ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞ ࠍ ឭ ໒ ߒ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ߹ ߢ ߦ ߪ 㧘 Ԙ ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᔕ ࠍ ⺒ ߺ ข ࠆ Ბ 㓏 㧘 ԙ ኻ ੱ ⋡ ᮡ ࠍ ቯ ߔ ࠆ Ბ 㓏 㧘 Ԛ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ⛔ ߔ ࠆ Ბ 㓏 㧘 ԛ ኻ ੱ ᔕ 㧔 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㧕 ࠍ ቯ ߔ ࠆ Ბ 㓏 ߇ ࠅ 㧘 ߎ ߩ ৻ ㅪ ߩ ᵹ ࠇ ో ࠍ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߢ ࠆ ߣ ߒ ߡ ࠆ 㧚ޟ ⸃ ⺒ ޠ ߦ ߪ 㧘ޟ 㗻 ߟ ߈ ߆ ࠄ ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ⺒ ߺ ߣ ࠇ ࠆ ޠ㧘ޟ ࠍ ߒ ߡ ࠆ ߣ ߈ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᖱ ߩ ࠊ ߕ ߆ ߥ ᄌ ൻ ߽ ᗵ ߓ ߣ ࠇ ࠆ ޠ ߣ ߞ ߚ 㗄 ⋡ ߇ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ ߚ 㧘 Ԙ ߩ ޟ ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᔕ ࠍ ⺒ ߺ ข ࠆ Ბ 㓏 ޠ ߦ ᒰ ߡ ߪ ߹ ࠆ 㧚 ߎ ߩ Ბ 㓏 ߢ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ⸒ ⺆ ⊛ 㕖 ⸒ ⺆ ⊛ ᔕ ࠍ ᖱ ႎ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㓸 ߒ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ࠍ ⸃ ㉼ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ኻ ੱ ᗵ ᖱ ߇ ↢ ߔ ࠆ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ᗵ ᖱ ߇ േ ᯏ ߠ ߌ ߩ ᯏ ⢻ ࠍ ᨐ ߚ ߒ 㧘 ߘ ߩ ᓟ ߩ ㆊ ⒟ ࠍ Ꮐ ฝ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߥ ࠆ 㧚 ߒ ߆
ߒ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ↪ ߒ ߚ ዤ ᐲ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᔕ ࠍ ⸃ ㉼ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ ↢ ߔ ࠆ ᗵ ᖱ ߹ ߢ ߪ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ߡ ߥ 㧚ޟ ⸃ ⺒ ޠ ߦ Ꮕ ߇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߎ ߣ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᔕ ࠍ ⺒ ߺ ข ࠆ ⢻ ജ ߪ ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ශ ⽎ ߦ 㑐 ࠊ ࠄ ߕ ৻ ቯ ߢ ߞ ߚ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ࠍ ␜ ߒ ߡ ࠆ 㧚 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ԙ એ 㒠 ߩ ㆊ ⒟ ߢ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߦ Ꮕ ߇ ↢ ߓ ߚ ߚ 㧘 ⚿ ᨐ ߣ ߒ ߡ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ో 㧔 ✚ ᓧ ὐ 㧕 ߦ ߽ Ꮕ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ߩ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ࠍ ᜬ ߟ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ޟ ኻ ੱ ⋡ ᮡ ࠍ ቯ ߔ ࠆ Ბ 㓏 ޠ ߦ ߅ ߡ ਇ ㆡ ಾ ߥ ኻ ੱ ⋡ ᮡ ߇ ㆬ ᛯ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ 㧘߹ ߚ ߪޟ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ⛔ ߔ ࠆ Ბ 㓏 ޠ ߢ ਇ ߿ ✕ ᒛ 㧘 ᔶ ࠅ ߥ ߤ ߩ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ᛥ ߢ ߈ ߥ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ߊ ߥ ߞ ߡ ࠆ ߩ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 㧞 㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ ߩ Ყ セ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߳ ߩ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ ߢ Ყ セ ߒ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ૐ ⟲ ߪ 㜞 ⟲ ߦ Ყ ߴ ߡ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ੱ ߪ 㜞 ੱ ߦ Ყ ߴ ߡ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ߎ ߣ ߇ ಽ ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ශ ⽎ ߩ ᅢ ̆ ᖡ ߦ 㑐 ࠊ ࠄ ߕ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ੱ ߪ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ₪ ᓧ ᧪ ߡ ߥ ߚ ߦ ታ ⴕ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᧪ ߡ ߥ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ႐ ว ߪ 㧘 SST ࠍ ⴕ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߢ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ₪ ᓧ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ࠆ 㧚 㧟 㧚 ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᓧ ὐ ߦ Ꮕ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߪ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ₪ ᓧ ߒ ߡ ߪ ࠆ ߇ ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ↪ ߒ ߥ ߣ ߁ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ߎ ߞ ߡ ߚ ߽ ߩ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ߎ ߣ ߿ ߘ ߩ ႐ ߩ ⁁ ᴫ ࠍ ⠨ ߃ ߡ ⴕ േ ߔ ࠆޟ 㑐 ଥ ⛽ ᜬ ޠ㧘⋧ ᚻ ߦ ⥄ ಽ ߩ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ⚛ ⋥ ߦ ߔ ࠆ ޟ ⸥ ภ ൻ ޠ ߦ ߅ ߡ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ශ ⽎ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ߦ Ꮕ ߇ ࠆ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߇ 㧘 ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ␜ ໂ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 ⋧ 㑐 ߩ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ ਅ ዤ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ ⷐ ࿃ ߇ ઁ ߦ ߞ ߚ ߣ ߁ น ⢻ ᕈ ߇ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ߎ ߞ ߡ ࠆ ႐ ว 㧘 SST ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ₪ ᓧ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ߡ ߽ 㧘 ᣣ Ᏹ ႐ 㕙 ߢ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߪ ታ ⴕ ߐ ࠇ ߥ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ߚ 㧘 ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ ⷐ ࿃ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߳ ߩ ߇ ᔅ ⷐ ߦ ߥ ࠆ 㧚 㧠 㧚 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ᧂ ₪ ᓧ ߣ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ᧂ ₪ ᓧ ߣ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ᧂ ₪ ᓧ ߩ ႐ ว ߪ ශ ⽎ ߩ ᅢ ̆ ᖡ ߦ 㑐 ࠊ ࠄ ߕ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߪ ૐ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ␜ ໂ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ߚ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ߎ ࠅ ߿ ߔ ߊ ߥ ࠆ ߩ ߪ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ੱ ߩ ႐ ว ߢ ߪ ߥ ߆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߎ ߢ 㧘 ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߣ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ࠍ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ 㜞 ⟲ ߣ ૐ ⟲ ߦ ಽ ߌ ߡ Ყ セ ߒ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ⟲ ߦ ߅ ߡ ߪ 㧘 ශ ⽎ ߩ Ꮕ ߣ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߇ 㑐 ㅪ ߔ ࠆ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߟ ߹ ࠅ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ⟲ ߪ ૐ ⟲ ߦ Ყ ߴ ߡ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ᄙ ߊ ᜬ ߞ ߡ ࠆ ߚ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ශ ⽎ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ಽ ߌ ߡ ࠆ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߥ ࠆ 㧚
ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 SST ࠍ ታ ᣉ ߔ ࠆ 㓙 ߦ ߪ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ₪ ᓧ ߢ ߈ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߔ ࠆ ߛ ߌ ߢ ߥ ߊ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ੱ ߦ ߽ ᵈ ⋡ ߒ 㧘 ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ߎ ࠄ ߥ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߔ ࠆ Ꮏ ᄦ ߇ ᔅ ⷐ ߦ ߥ ࠆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 Ψ ✚ ว ⊛ ⠨ ኤ ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⋡ ⊛ ߪ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ࡄ ࠰ ࠽ ࠹ ࠖ ࠍ ߤ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ᝒ ߃ ߡ ࠆ ߆ ߣ ߁ ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߩ ㆑ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ Ꮕ ߦ ߟ ߥ ߇ ࠆ ߩ ߆ ߦ ߟ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߣ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ Ყ セ ߒ ߚ ⚿ ᨐ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ߪ 㧘 ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ႐ ว ࠃ ࠅ ߽ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߐ ࠄ ߦ 㧘 ᅢ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߳ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ ૐ ੱ ߪ ᖡ ශ ⽎ ߩ ੱ ߳ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߽ ૐ ߎ ߣ ߇ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 㧚 ߎ ߩ ⚿ ᨐ ߆ ࠄ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߪ ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ශ ⽎ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ಽ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ࠆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߹ ߚ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ߎ ߣ ߿ ߘ ߩ ႐ ߩ ⁁ ᴫ ࠍ ⠨ ߃ ߡ ⴕ േ ߔ ࠆ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ⥄ ಽ ߩ ᗵ ᖱ ࠍ ⚛ ⋥ ߦ ߔ ࠆ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߦ ߅ ߡ 㧘 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ශ ⽎ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߇ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ߐ ࠄ ߦ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߪ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߇ 㜞 ႐ ว ߦ ߎ ࠆ ߣ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߇ ␜ ໂ ߐ ࠇ ߚ 㧚 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ᣇ ᴺ ࠍ ↪ ߡ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ 㧘 ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ዤ ᐲ ߢ ߪ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߩ ᧪ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ࠍ ⊒ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᧪ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߥ ࠆ ߣ ᦼ ᓙ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 Ω ᓟ ߩ ⺖ 㗴 ᧄ ⺞ ᩏ ߩ 㗴 ὐ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㧘 ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ⋧ ᚻ ߦ ᨞ ⓨ ੱ ‛ ࠍ ↪ ߚ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚ޟ ᅢ ߈ ߥ ੱህ ߥ ੱ ࠍ ᕁ ᶋ ߆ ߴ ߡ ߊ ߛ ߐ ޠ ߣ ᢎ ␜ ߒ ߚ ႐ ว 㧘 ੱ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᕁ ᶋ ߆ ߴ ࠆ ⋧ ᚻ ኻ ⽎ ߪ ᭽ ޘ ߢ ࠆ 㧚 ⋧ ᚻ ߩ ᕈ ߿ ⋧ ᚻ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ᕈ ߥ ߤ ߪ 㧘 ߘ ࠇ ⥄ ߇ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߦ ᓇ 㗀 ࠍ ߷ ߔ น ⢻ ᕈ ߩ ࠆ ⷐ ࿃ ߢ ࠆ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߎ ߢ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ 㧘 ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ↪ ࠆ ኻ ⽎ ߩ ᧦ ઙ ࠍ ⛔ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߦ 㧘 ೝ ỗ ᢥ ࠍ ↪ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߒ ߚ 㧚 ߒ ߆ ߒ 㧘 ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ᬌ ⸛ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ߩ ߪ ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ߩ ߺ ߢ ࠅ 㧘 ઁ ߩ ኻ ⽎ ߦ ߪ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ࠍ ታ ⴕ ߔ ࠆ น ⢻ ᕈ ߇ ᱷ ࠆ 㧚 ߘ ߩ ߚ 㧘 ᓟ ߪ ታ ⴕ ᰳ ᅤ ࠍ ࠃ ࠅ ᱜ ⏕ ߦ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߩ ᧪ ࠆ ᣇ ᴺ ࠍ ᬌ ⸛ ߔ ࠆ ᔅ ⷐ ߇ ࠆ 㧚 ෳ ⠨ ᒁ ↪ ᢥ ₂ ⋧ Ꮉ ల ⮮ ᱜ ੑ ⮮ ኈ ሶ 㜞 ጊ Ꭿ (1993). ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߣ ߁ ᔨ ߦ ߟ ߡɆ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߩ ↢ ㆊ ⒟ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞ ߩ ឭ ໒ ች ፒ ᄢ ቇ ᢎ ⢒ ቇ ㇱ ♿ ⷐ ␠ ળ ⑼ ቇ 㧘 74㧘 1-16. ⋧ Ꮉ ల (1999). ቅ ⁛ ᗵ ߩ ૐ ᷫ ߦ ߷ ߔ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⸠ ✵ ߩ ല ᨐ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ታ 㛎 ⊛ ᬌ ⸛ ␠ ળ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 14(2) 㧘 95㧙 105. ⋧ Ꮉ ల ⮮ ↰ ᱜ ⟤ (2005). ᚑ ੱ ↪ ࠰ ࠪ ࡖ ࡞ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⥄ Ꮖ ⹏ ቯ ዤ ᐲ ߩ ᭴ ᚑ ᧲ ੩ ቇ ⧓ ᄢ ቇ ♿ ⷐ ╙ 1 ㇱ 㐷 ᢎ ⢒ ⑼ ቇ 㧘 56㧘 87㧙 93. ⋧ Ꮉ ల⮮ ↰ ᱜ ⟤↰ ਛ ஜ ๋ (2007). ࠰ ࠪ ࡖ ࡞ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ਇ ⿷ ߣ ᛥ ߁ ߟ ቅ ⁛ ᗵ ኻ ੱ ਇ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ 㧦 ⣀ ᒙ ᕈ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞
ߩ ౣ ᬌ ⸛ ␠ ળ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 23(1) 㧘 95-103. 㚍 ዂ ᄥ ↰ ⋥ ሶ (2010). ห ᕈ ᗲ ⠪ ߩ ࠢ ࠪ ࡘ ࠕ ࠹ ࠖɆ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⷞ ὐ ߣ ዷ ᦸɆ ਭ ⇐ ☨ ᄢ ቇ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 9 㧘 89㧙 97. ᳯ ℂ ᄹ ጟ ቁ ᒄ (2003). ਛ ቇ ᩞ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ 㓸 ࿅ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ᢎ ⢒ ߩ ታ 〣 ⊛ ⎇ ⓥ ᢎ ⢒ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 51 㧘 339 㧙 350. Gresham,F,M. (1988). Social skills㧦 Conceptual and applied aspects of assessment,training,and social validation,In
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ᨋ ᢥ ବ (1976). ኻ ੱ ⍮ ᭴ ㅧ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ੱ Ꮕ ߩ ᷹ ቯ (1)㧦 ⍮ ⊛ ⶄ 㔀 ᕈ ߩ ᷹ ᐲ ߦ ߟ ߡ ߩ ੍ ⊛ ᬌ ⸛ ฬ ฎ ደ ᄢ ቇ ᢎ ⢒ ቇ ㇱ ♿ ⷐ 㧘ᢎ ⢒ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⑼ 㧘23㧘 27-38. ᨋ ᢥ ବ (1978). ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߩ ၮ ᧄ ᰴ ర ߦ ߟ ߡ ߩ ৻ ⠨ ኤ ฬ ฎ ደ ᄢ ቇ ᢎ ⢒ ቇ ㇱ ♿ ⷐ 㧘ᢎ ⢒ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⑼ 㧘25㧘233-247. ᮘ ญ ආ ⾆ Ꮉ ජ ⾐ ሶ ේ ㇚ ᳓ Ⴆ ⣁ ᶭ ᄥ ᷓ ↰ ඳ Ꮖ (2007). ኻ ੱ ශ ⽎ ߩ ߷ ߔ ⥄ Ꮖ ඬ ਅ ๒ ␜ ߩ ല ᨐ ߩ ⷙ ቯ ࿃ ᐢ ፉ ᄢ ቇ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 7㧘 103-108. ⍹ น ሶ (2007). ޟ ࡔ ࠲ ࠰ ࠪ ࡖ ࡞ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ޠ ᷹ ቯ ዤ ᐲ ᚑ ߩ ⹜ ߺ ੩ ㇺ ᄢ ቇ ᄢ ቇ 㒮 ᢎ ⢒ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼ ♿ ⷐ 㧘53㧘 286-298. ⍹ Ꮉ ା ৻ ጤ ᳗ ਃ ᥓ ሶ ጊ ਅ ᢥ ᄢ ⮮ ኡ ⮮ ᱜ ੑ (2010). ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⸠ ✵ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ఽ ┬ ߩ ᛥ ߁ ߟ ∝ ⁁ ߳ ߩ 㐳 ᦼ ⊛ ല ᨐ ᢎ ⢒ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 58㧘 372㧙 384. ⏷ ㇱ ⟤ ⦟ၳ ᳯ ஜ ᄥ ㇢೨ ↰ ஜ ৻ (2004). 㕖 ⴕ ዋ ᐕ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ߣ ⷫ േ ᯏ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ࠞ ࠙ ࡦ ࡦ ࠣ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 37(1)㧘 15-22. ㊄ ጊ ర ᤐ ⮮ ᱜ ੑ ೨ ↰ ஜ ৻ (2004). ቇ ⚖ න ߩ 㓸 ࿅ ␠ ળ ⊛ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ ⸠ ✵Ɇ ⁁ ߣ ⺖ 㗴Ɇ ࠞ ࠙ ࡦ ࡦ ࠣ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 37(3)㧘 270㧙 279. ⩵ ᳰ ┨ ᄦ (1988). ᕁ ߿ ࠅ ࠍ ⑼ ቇ ߔ ࠆ Ɇ ะ ␠ ળ ⴕ േ ߩ ᔃ ℂ ߣ ࠬ ࠠ ࡞ Ɇ Ꮉ ፉ ᦠ ᐫ . ጟ ↰ ᶭ (2008). ⷫ ኒ ߥ ੱ 㑐 ଥ ߩ ᒻ ᚑ ⛽ ᜬ ㆊ ⒟ ߩ േ ᯏ ߠ ߌ ࡕ ࠺ ࡞ ߩ ᭴ ▽ ᢎ ⢒ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 56㧘 575-588. ⋧ ㇌ ⧷ ේ ጟ ৻ 㚍 (1996). ኻ ੱ ⍮ ߇ ା ᙀ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ߦ ߷ ߔ ല ᨐ ␠ ળ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 12(1)㧘 1-8. ↰ ታ (1993). ห ᕈ ੱ 㑐 ଥ 㧦 ߘ ߩ ᕈ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ᕈ ᓎ ഀ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ Ꮕ ⇣ ␠ ળ ᔃ ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㧘 8(2)㧘 67-75. （受付日2012年10月１日） （受理日2012年10月10日）
