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Postoperative surveillance protocol for patients with localized and locally advanced renal cell carcinoma based on validated prognotic nomogram and risk group stratification system

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弘前大学 医学部 泌尿器科学教室

腎癌術後フォローアップ・プロトコール

Lam JS, Shvarts O, Leppert JT, Pantuck AJ, Figlin RA, Belldegrun AS.

J Urol 174. 466-472, 2005

Division of Urologic Oncology, the Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at

University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

Postoperative surveillance protocol for patients with localized and

locally advanced renal cell carcinoma based on validated prognotic

nomogram and risk group stratification system

Since 2005.9

【参考文献】

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2

Hirosaki Risk Group Assignment

pN stage

O or 1

pT stage

pT1

Grade

pT2-4

G1-2

G3

G1-3

Low Risk

High Risk

pN0

pN1

(3)

3

術後フォローアップ・スケジュール

3M

6M

1y

1.5y

2y

2.5y

3y

3.5y

4y

4.5y

5y

7y

9y

Low

肺CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

採血

High

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

N+

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

肺CT

腹CT

採血

採血項目:末梢血、血沈、生化学(肝胆道系・腎機能・電解質・CRP)

定期検査ごとに問診と身体所見を確認する。

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Hirosaki Risk Group Assignment について

• 「なるべくカンタンに」、「誰でもわかるように」を目標に術

後フォローアップのプロトコールを作成した。

• 以下に示すように519例の検討によるEvidenceを元に

作成している。原著ではLow、Intermediate、Highに分

けているが、 IntermediateとHighは予後不良群と考えら

れるため、カテゴリーの単純化も含め、Highにまとめた。

• PSも議論となるが、簡便化のため今回のプロトコールか

らは外した。ただ、のちの解析に必要となる場合もあるた

め、退院サマリーには記載する。

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Lam JS, Shvarts O, Leppert JT, Pantuck AJ, Figlin RA, Belldegrun AS.

J Urol 174. 466-472, 2005

Division of Urologic Oncology, the Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.

PURPOSE: We created an evidence based postoperative surveillance protocol for patients with localized and locally advanced renal cell

carcinoma (RCC) based on a risk group stratification system.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 559 patients undergoing surgery for localized and ocally advanced RCC were stratified into low risk (LR),

intermediate risk (IR) and high risk (HR) groups based on the University of California-Los Angeles Integrated Staging System (UISS). Tumor recurrences were identified and categorized according to time and location.

RESULTS: Patients with localized disease had a lower 5-year recurrence rate than patients with locally advanced (nodal) disease (27.6% vs

64%, p <0.0001). Patients in the LR, IR, and HR groups following nephrectomy demonstrated 5-year recurrence-free rates of 90.4%, 61.8%, and 41.9%, respectively (p <0.0001), and median times to recurrence of 28.9, 17.8 and 9.5 months, respectively (p <0.0001). Chest and abdomen recurrences comprised of 75% and 37.5%, 77.4% and 58.1%, and 45.2% and 67.7% of recurrences in the LR, IR and HR groups, respectively. In patients with node positive disease, chest and abdomen comprised of 58.8% and 76.5% of recurrences, respectively.

Patients undergoing partial nephrectomy did not demonstrate a greater rate of local or distant recurrence compared with patients undergoing radical nephrectomy.

CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in incidence and time to recurrence following surgical resection for RCC mandates unique

surveillance protocols for patients in each of the UISS risk groups. LR group patients should be followed for at least 5 years, whereas IR and HR group patients require longer surveillance. HR group patients require more stringent abdominal surveillance, whereas LR group patients should emphasize the chest. Patients with nodal disease also require stringent followup. Patients undergoing partial nephrectomy for

localized disease can be followed according to the same UISS risk group based protocol.

Postoperative surveillance protocol for patients with localized and locally

advanced renal cell carcinoma based on validated prognotic nomogram and

risk group stratification system

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UISS Risk Group Assignment

N stage

O or 1

Nodule Disease

T stage

T1

Grade

ECOG:PS

T2

T3

T4

G1-2

G3-4

G1-4

G1

G>1

G1-4

PS0

PS>0

PS0-3

PS0

PS>0

PS0-3

Low Risk

Intermediate

Risk

High Risk

N0

N1

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ECOG: Performance Status

Grade

一般状態

0

無症状で社会活動ができ、制限を受けることなく、発病前と同等にふる

まえる。

1

軽度の症状があり、肉体労働は制限を受けるが、歩行・軽労働や坐業

はできる(軽い家事・事務など)

2

歩行や身の回りのことはできるが、時に少し介助がいることもある。軽

労働はできないが、日中の50%は起居している。

3

身の回りのある程度のことはできるが、しばしば介助がいり、日中の5

0%は就床している。

4

身の回りのこともできず、常に介助がいり、終日就床を必要としている。

(8)

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患者背景

• 年齢中央値: 61歳(23-93歳)、Follow up 中央値:26M

• N0: 519例、N1 :40例

– 限局癌365/519例 (70%)

– 局所進行性癌が154 /519例 (30%)

• 5年遠隔再発率

– 限局癌27.6%

– 局所進行性癌64% 有意差あり(p<0.0001)

• グループ別人数構成

– LR 196例(37.8%)、IR251例(48.4%)、HR72例(13.9%)。

(9)

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Recurrence Free Survival

(10)

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Result

Row Risk群

– 5年非再発率90.4%

– 術後1~2年以内に肺転移をきたしやすい(3.3%)が、5年以降では転移なし。腹部

転移もまれ。

Intermediate Risk群

– 5年非再発率61.8%

– 再発部位:肺転移が最多の64.5%、骨27.4%、腹部転移24.1%、腎摘出部14.5%

– 肺転移:術後1年以内に41.7%

– 腹部転移:術後1年以内に58%

high Risk群

– 5年非再発率41.9%

– 再発部位:肺転移が最多の38.7%、腎摘出部25.8%、腹部転移25.8%、肝臓

16.1%

– 肺転移:術後1年以内に50%、5年後以降の肺転移7%腹部転移:術後1年以内に

62%。5年後以降の腹部転移5%

N+群

– 5年非再発率36%

– 再発部位:胸部58.8%、腹部76.5%

– 1年以内に62.5%が再発、2年以内に全例再発

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UISS risk group based Surveillance Protocol

リスクに合わせたフォローアップスケジュール

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