Presence of membrane ecdysone receptor in the anterior silk gland of the silkworm, Bombyx mori : biochemical and molecular studies
著者 Elmogy Mohamed El sayed journal or
publication title
博士学位論文要旨 論文内容の要旨および論文審査 結果の要旨/金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科
volume 平成18年1月
page range 50‑55
year 2006‑01‑01
URL http://hdl.handle.net/2297/16704
氏名 学位の種類 学位記番号 学位授与の日付 学位授爬与の要件 学位授与の題目
ELlVENABAWYMOHAMEDELSAYEDELMOGY
博士(理学)
博甲第682号 平成16年9月30日
課程博士(学位規則第4条第1項)
Presenceofmelnbraneecdysonereceptorintheanteriorsilkglandofthe silkworm,βロノnzbJzxノmri:Biochemicalandmolecularstudies
(カイコガ前部絹糸腺におけるエクジソン膜受容体の存在:生化学的分子生物 学的研究)
櫻井勝(自然科学研究科・教授)
福森義宏(自然科学研究科・教授),松永司(自然科学研究科・教授),
東浩(自然科学研究科・助教授),岩見雅史(自然科学研究科・助教授)
論文審査委員(主査)
論文審査委員(副査)
学位 =△百m0 文要 』曰
ABSTRACT
NOngenomicactionofaninsectsteroidhonnone,Z0-hydroxyecdysone(ZOE),
hasbeenimplicatedinseveralZOE-dependentdevelopmentaleventsincludingthe programmedcelldeath(PCD)ofBo腕加川'ianteriorsilkglands(ASGs),butno infbrlnationisavailablefbrtllemodeofaction・Weprovideseverallmesofevidencefbr、
aputativemembranereceptor(mEcR)locatedintlleplasmamembraneofASGsasan integralmembraneprotein・WeshowedthattheputativemEcRcouldmediatetherapid increaseincAMP1evelinASGcells,andmiglltbeinvolvedintheactivationof adcnylylcyclasethroughGsu・ThemembraneBactionsdidnotcontainconventional EcRasrevealedbywesternblotanalysisusingantiEcR-AantibodybThemEcR
exhibitedsaturablebindmgfbr[3H]ponasteroneA(KtF17、3,M,B,,腿zx=O82pmol/mg).
AssociationanddiSsociationkmeticslevealedthat[3mponAassociatedwithand
dissociatedfi・ommEcRwithinminutes.
Wealsodefinedtheexperimentalconditionstllatallowedsolubilizationof
、ECR分omASGsmenlbraneswithpreserving75.1%oftllenativebindingactivibV.
Dissociationoftheprotein/lipid/detergentmixedmicelles,yieldedprotein/detergent
complexeswithpaltialbindingactivitybwhichappearedenouglltobeadoptedfbr
proteinpurificationTY1epresentresultsclearlyshowthatinsecttissuemembranescontainecdysonereceptors,andthatthesteroidmembranereceptorsarecomnlonly
presentmmsectsandInammals.
FinallybwesuccessfilllyraisedamonoclonalantibodyagainsttheputativemEcR andobtainedtwoGPCRscandidates低omASGsofBo加伽"mbwhichgaveusthe hopetosteponthewayfiDrmEcRgenecloning.
INTRODUCTION
Theholometabolousinsect,EC加加加o74belongstoorderLepidoptera,andits larvaeundergometamolphosisintopupaethenintomoths・Attllepupalmetamorphosis,
mostoflarvalspecifictissuesdegenerate.、ledegenerationisknownasprogrammed celldeath(PCD).Thesilkglandisalarval-specifictissuethatdegeneratesshortlyafter pupationTheanteriorsilkgland(ASG)isamereductcomposedofasinglecell-layer consistingofabout250cells・Itfbrmssilkfilamentoutofthesilkproteins、Attheendof thelarvalstage,afterthecocoonhasbeenspun,theASGsentertheprocessofPCDin responsetothehighhemolymphecdysterOidconcentration,whichinducespupal metamorphosis、ThePCDisinducedby20Einvitroandtakesl20-144htobe completed,atwhichtimc-pointanoligonucleosomalladderofDNAandapoptotic bodiesappear、DuringtlleperiodwithZOE,geneexpression肥quiredfbrtheCompletion ofthePCDoccursdurmgthefirst8hfbrtmnscriptionandinthefirstl8hfbr translationIfthegenomictheolyofsteroidactionisapplicabletothe20E-induced PCD,the20Echaucngefbrl8hshouldbesufficientfbrfUllapoptosis・Neverthelcss,
withdrawalof20Eafterl8handupto42hOfcultureinterfereswiththeprogressionof apoptosis,andtheextentofinhibitionisreducedwithdelayingthetimeof20E withdrawaLThissuggeststhateffectsofZOEduringthepcriodbetweenl8and42hare
-51-
notaccompaniedbWgenccxpressionbutrathcrmcdiatedbyanongenomicpathwayb probablythroughamembranereceptorandsecondmessengenlfthisisthecase,ASG plasmamembranesshouldcontainhigdl-affinitybindingsitesfbrecdysteroid・Inthe presentsmdyBweprovidefbrthefirsttimephysiologicalandbioehemiGalevidencefbr
anecdysOnemembranereceptor(mEcR)anditstopologicallocalaization、Inaddition weperfblmedthefUllkineticanalysisrequiredfbrthecharacterizationoftllenewly identifiedecdysteroidreceptorinthemembranesofinsectcells(ChapterI).WedefinedtheexperilnentalconditionstllatallowedsolubilizationofnlEcR ffomASGsmembraneswithpreservin975.1%ofthenativebmdmgactivity.
Dissociationoftheprotein/lipid/detergentmixedmicelles,yieldedprotein/detelgent complexeswitllpartialbindingactivity;whichappearedenoughtobeadoptedfbr proteinpurification(ChapterⅡ).
RESuLrsANDDISCUSSIoN
Weprovideseverallinesofevidencefbraputativemembranereceptor(mEcR)
locatedintlleplasmamcmbraneofASGsasanimegralmemblnneproteinWesllowed thattheputativemEcRcouldmediatetherapidincreaseincAMPlevelinASGcells,
andmigdltbemvolvedintheactivationofadenylylcyclasethrougllGsqThemembrane ffactionsdidnotcontainconventionalEcRasrevealedbywesternblotanalysisusmg● antiEcR-Aantibody(Fig.1).Themembranereceptorexllibitsaspecificandsaturable
bmdingfbr[3mPonAwithaKbof17.2×10~9M(Fig.2)mlisvalueisphysiologically
relevanttotheprevailinghemolymphconcentrationsof20E(rangingbetweenlO-7-10-6
M)intheprepupalperiodwhenPCDistriggeredmWvo・Theassociationand dissociationkineticsindicatethatPonAassociationwithanddissociationhPomits bindingsitesarerapid,whichischaracteristicofthebindingofseveralnatural
compoundstotheirmembranereceptors・Theobservedassociationconstant(Kb跡)was 0.9士0.2mm~'・ThedissociationofPonAffomthemembranesoccurswithinlOseconds withadissociationconstant(Kbl)of2.3±0.5min~1.Thecalculatedassociationmte constant(Kb")was13.3xlO7Mlmin~1,andtlleestimateddissociationconstantat equilibrium(Kd)was17.5,M.ThesaturationcurVeindicatesthepresenceofasingle high-affinitybindingsiteandanappalentmaximalnumberofbindingsitesof0.82pmol
mg1proteinTheobtainedKdvalueissupportedbygoodaccordanceofthMqiWiththe
estimateddissociationrateconstantatequilibrium(Kt,=17.5xlO~9M).Asecondlineof evidencetosuppolttheexistenceofamembranereceptoristhatthebindingafmtyofPonAislessthanthatof20EThebindingaffinityofPonAtothenuclearreceptor
complexofEcR/USPisonetotwoordersofmagnitudehigherthanthatof20EThecompetitionassayusingtheASGmemblanefiactionsshowsthatthebindingaffinityfbr PonAisone-fburlhofthatibr20Eandthatthevaluesfbrnon-steroidalecdysone
agonistsaremuchlowerthan20E,whichtotaUydiffersfi・omthebindingchalactcristics oftheconventionalEcR・ThecompetitionanalysisshowedalsothattheIC5ovaluesfbrthreenon-steroidagonists,RH-5849,tebufbnozide(RH-5992)andmethoxyfenozide
(RH-2485)weremuchlowerthanthosefbrPonAand20ETY1ebindingactivitywasm theorderof20E>PonA>>methoxyfenozide>tebufenozide>RH-5849.ForcharacterizationofthenovelmEcR,wetriedthesolubilizationoffimctional
mEcRffomASGsofBol7zh〕ハフピ加伽(ChapterII).Howeve“hereisnosingledetergcnt orsolubilizationschemeuniversallyapplicabletoallmembraneproteins,wedefined
theexperimentalconditionslhatallowedsolubilizationofmEcRBomASGs membmneswitllprescrving75.1%ofthenativebindingactivity6Dissociationoftlleprotein/lipid/detergentmixedmicelles,yieldedprotein/detergentcolnplexeswithpartial bindingactivitybwhichappearedenoughtobeadoptedfbrprotempurificationBecause
oftheextremelysmallamountofsolubilizedproteinsobtained念omtheASGs-53-
membIanepreparationsandtheinabilitytomassisolatetheASGs,Weprepared membrane登actionsBomthefatbodycellsoftheGOlarvae・TY1eanalysisfiDrtllefat bodymembrane征actionsshowedtllepresenceofasmglehigh-aEfinitybindingsitein
eachmolecule,withanapparenMQノandBmxofl5、O8nMandO、42pmolmg~'protem,
respectively6NevertllelessthepresCnceofmEcRinthefatbodiesprovideapossibility fbrpurificationandidentificationofmEcRffomtllemass-isolatedfatbodies・MOI℃oveL thepresenceofmEcRintheftltbodiesindicatesanequivocalpresencelnvarious● tissuesanditsimportanceinUnderStandingtheeHectof20Eatmolecularlevels.
(A)
M 1234KDa g4 e7
43 30
鱗
20.1
14.4 曰-m
騨讓篝篝蕊篝i鑿i篝
鍵譲
(B)
1234iiiiiiiiiilHF
lhj「wミノヅ、~IGF:徽蕊■iTilL
(/ジル--ECR戦拠
Fig.
'1.AbsenceofconventionalEcRintherUg,LAbsenceofconventionalEcRinthemembranefractions.(A)Commassie briIliantBlue-stained12%SDS-PAGEgel.(B)WesternblotfCrtheidenticaIgelusinganti- EcR-AmonoCIonalantibody(1:100)asafirstantibodyandHRP-conjugatedProteinA
(1:1000)asasecondantibodyLanel,totalIysate;Iane2,membranefraction;IaneS,nuclearextractSamplesfo「lanel-3werepreparedfromfresIydisSectedASGsLane4,
membranefractionpreparedfromthecuIturedASGsusedinthebindingexperiments、
TwentyUgfOreachlane.M,proteinmolecularweightmarker.
●
s000
Z500
で
=2000
二15oo.Q
D1000
Ⅱ。/】
M0.08
皿け
Ⅱ肥
500 0
【皿
■■
o伯o3004soeoo了s0goo10so
[釉皿PonasteroneA[nM]
Fig.2PonAsaturationanalysisofASGmembranes,Membranepreparations(100 UgproteininlOOUlbuffer)wereincubatedwithincreasingconcentrationsof[3H]PonA
at25oCforlOminwithoutorwithalOOO-fddexcessofunlabelledPonA,Thedata
wasfi廿edbynonlinea「regressionanaIysis・lnsetisScatcharcIanalysesofthebinding dataKb,=17.3,M;Bmax=O82pmolmg-1proteinEachdatumpointisamean±S、
(、=S).
学位論文審査結果の要旨
昆虫の成長、脱皮、変態は-種類のステロイドホルモン、20-ヒドロキシエクジソン(20E)により調節 されている。これまで20Eの初期作用はheterodimerの核受容体(ECR/USP)と結合し、遺伝子の転写調 節にあるとされてきた。しかし、エルモギ君の所属する研究室ではこれまで20Eによる前部絹糸腺の予定 細胞死において、核受容体を介した作用の他、恐らく膜受容体を介した作用経路もあることが示唆されてき た。エルモギ君は前部絹糸腺膜を材料として膜受容体の存在を証明することから研究を始めた。この分野は 未知領域であり、まず膜受容体のホルモン結合活性を測定する系を確立し、それにより結合部位の生化学 的特性を明らかにした。その結果、解離乗数は10,MオーダーでECR/USPよりも優位に低いものの、体内 20E濃度で十分活性化されうる解離常数を示した。たまエクジソンアゴニストとの結合はECR/USPに対す るよりも2桁弱かった事から、20Eの膜受容体の存在を補強するものであった。また、膜受容体のモノクロー ナル抗体の作成に成功し、これを用いて絹糸腺以外の組織で多量に入手できる脂肪体にも恐らく同一の膜受 容体があることを示し、膜受容体の精製の道も開いた。本学位論文は、同一細胞が膜受容体と核受容体の双 方を有し、これらを介して単一の細胞応答を調節するというステロイド作用機序の理解の基礎を与えるもの であり、学位授与に十分な業績といえる。
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