JAIST Repository
https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/Title
パテントファミリーを用いた特許出願動向の国際比較
: 科学技術指標としての活用例
Author(s)
伊神, 正貫
Citation
年次学術大会講演要旨集, 28: 313-318
Issue Date
2013-11-02
Type
Conference Paper
Text version
publisher
URL
http://hdl.handle.net/10119/11723
Rights
本著作物は研究・技術計画学会の許可のもとに掲載す
るものです。This material is posted here with
permission of the Japan Society for Science
Policy and Research Management.
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ࣃࢸࣥࢺࣇ࣑࣮ࣜࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ≉チฟ㢪ືྥࡢᅜ㝿ẚ㍑
ؐ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆࡋ࡚ࡢά⏝ؐ
ۑఀ⚄ṇ㈏㸦ᩥ⛉┬࣭㹌㹇㹑㹒㹃㹎㸧 㻝㻚㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌 ᅜ䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛾ᡂᯝ䜢ィ 䛩䜛䛖䛘䛷䚸≉チ䛿㔜せ 䛺ᣦᶆ䛾୍䛴䛷䛒䜚䚸ྛᅜ䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䛾ሗ࿌᭩䛷 䜒ྲྀ䜚ୖ䛢䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛜ᐃ ᮇⓗ䛻సᡂ䛧䛶䛔䜛⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䛷䜒䚸᭱ึ䛻Ⓨ⾲䛥 䜜䛯䛂య⣔⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䇷ᡃ䛜ᅜ䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡άື䇷䛃 㻔㻝㻥㻥㻝 ᖺ㻕䛛䜙䚸◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛾ᡂᯝ䛸䛧䛶䚸≉チ䛾ᣦᶆ䜢ྲྀ 䜚ᢅ䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 ≉チ䛾ᣦᶆ䜢ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛖ୖ䛷ᅔ㞴䛺Ⅼ䛾୍䛴䛜䚸≉チ ฟ㢪ᩘ䛾ᅜ㝿ẚ㍑䛷䛒䜛䚹≉チ䛿ᒓᆅ⩏䛷䛒䜚䚸ฟ 㢪⪅䛜Ⓨ᫂䜢ᶒ䛧䛯䛔䛸⪃䛘䜛」ᩘ䛾ᅜ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶 ฟ㢪䛜䛺䛥䜜䜛䚹䛣䛾䛯䜑䚸䛒䜛ᅜ 㻭 䛛䜙䛾≉チฟ㢪䜢 ᩘ䛘䜛㝿䚸」ᩘ䛾ᅜ䜈䛾ྠ୍䛾≉チฟ㢪䜢㔜」䛧䛶䜹 䜴䞁䝖䛧䛶䛔䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛜䛒䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸䛒䜛ᅜ 㻭 䜈䛾ฟ㢪䜢 ⪃䛘䜛䛸䚸ᅜ 㻭 䛛䜙䛾ฟ㢪䛜᭱䜒䛝䛟䛺䜛ഴྥ䠄䝩䞊䝮 䜰䝗䝞䞁䝔䞊䝆䠅䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻥㻕䚹㻌 ≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾ᅜ㝿ẚ㍑ᛶ䜢㧗䜑䜛䛻䛿௨ୗ䛾 㻟 䛴 䛾᪉ἲ䛜⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䛜䚸䛭䜜䛮䜜䛻Ⅼ䚸ḞⅬ䛜䛒䜛䚹 䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾䜹䜴䞁䝖᪉ἲ䛾≉ᚩ䜢ᅗ⾲ 㻝 䛻䜎䛸䜑䛯䚹㻌 䐟」ᩘ䛾≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛾ศᯒ㻌 ᪥ᮏ䚸⡿ᅜ䚸Ḣᕞ䛺䛹せ䛺≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪ᩘ䜢䛭 䜜䛮䜜ィ 䛩䜛䚹㻌 䐠㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪䛾ศᯒ㻌 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪䛷ฟ㢪䛥䜜䛯≉チ䜢ィ 䛩䜛䚹㻌 䐡䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ศᯒ㻌 」ᩘ䛾ᅜ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜䛯≉チ䠄ฟ㢪䠅䛷䚸ඹ㏻䛾ඃඛ ᶒᙇ䛻䜘䛳䛶⤖䜃䛡䜙䜜䜛䜒䛾䜢ィ 䛩䜛䚹㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻝㻌 ≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾䜹䜴䞁䝖᪉ἲ䛾≉ᚩ㻌 㻌 Ⅼ㻌 ḞⅬ㻌 ᩘ䛾䜲䝯䞊䝆㻌 䐟」ᩘ䛾≉ チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ 㢪䛾ศᯒ㻌 x 䝩䞊䝮䜰䝗䝞䞁䝔䞊䝆䛾ᙳ㡪䜔ᆅ⌮ⓗᙳ㡪䛜 ᑠ䛥䛟䛺䜛䚹㻌 x ྛᅜ䜈䛾┤᥋ฟ㢪䜒䛧䛟䛿 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪⤒ ⏤䛾୧᪉䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 x ㏿ሗᛶ䛿䐠䛸䐡䛾㛫䚹㻌 x ศᯒ䛜ᐜ᫆䚹㻌 x ศᯒᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯≉チᗇศ䛰䛡䛾⤖ᯝ䛜ᚓ䜙䜜 䜛䛾䛷䚸୍䛴䛾ᣦᶆ䛸䛧䛶䛿ゎ㔘䛧䛻䛟䛔䚹㻌 x 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪⤒⏤䛾䜒䛾䛿ᅜෆ⛣⾜䛥䜜䜛䜎 䛷䝍䜲䝮䝷䜾䛜Ꮡᅾ䚹㻌 ᪥ᮏ≉チᗇ 㻟㻠 ௳㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻌 ⡿ ᅜ ≉ チ ၟ ᶆ ᗇ 㻡㻜 ௳㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻌 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 㻝㻠 ௳㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻌 㻌 㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻌 䐠㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿 ฟ㢪䛾ศᯒ㻌 x ୡ⏺ⓗ䛻⤫୍䛥䜜䛯䝹䞊䝹䛷ฟ㢪䚸බ㛤➼䛜 䛺䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌 x ㏆ᖺ䚸㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪ᩘ䛜ቑ䛘䛴䛴䛒䜛䚹㻌 x ㏿ሗᛶ䛜㧗䛔䚹㻌 x ศᯒ䛜ᐜ᫆䚹㻌 x 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪⤒⏤䛷䛺䛔≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䜒ከ 䛔䚹㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺ䛾⡿ᅜ≉チၟᶆᗇ䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪 ⣙ 㻡㻜 ௳䛾䛖䛱⣙ 㻞㻜䠂䛜 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪⤒⏤ 㻔㼃㻵㻼㻻㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䚹㻌 x ྛᅜ䛾≉チᗇ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜䜛ྍ⬟ᛶ䛾䛒䜛≉チ ฟ㢪䛷䛒䜚䚸ᐇ㝿䛻ᅜෆ⛣⾜䛩䜛䛛䛿᫂䚹㻌 x ᅜෆ⛣⾜䛧䛺䛔㻔ฟ㢪䛜ྲྀ䜚ᾘ䛧䛻䛺䜛㻕≉チ ฟ㢪䛾ྜ䜒ከ䛔㻔ᅜෆ⛣⾜䛩䜛䛾䛿య䛷 㻢 ⛬ᗘ䚸୰ᅜ䛛䜙䛾ฟ㢪䛰䛸 㻟 ⛬ᗘ䛸䛔䛖ศ ᯒ䛜䛒䜛㻕㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻥㻕䚹㻌 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪 㻝㻤 ௳㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻌 㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻌 䐡 䝟 䝔 䞁 䝖 䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾 ศᯒ㻌 x 䝩䞊䝮䜰䝗䝞䞁䝔䞊䝆䛾ᙳ㡪䜔ᆅ⌮ⓗᙳ㡪䛜 ᑠ䛥䛟䛺䜛䚹㻌 x ྛᅜ䛻┤᥋ฟ㢪䜒䛧䛟䛿 㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪⤒⏤ 䛾୧᪉䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 x 䛒䜛Ỉ‽௨ୖ䛾౯್䜢ᣢ䛴≉チ䠄ฟ㢪䠅䛜ศ ᯒ䛾ᑐ㇟䛸䛺䜛䚹㻌 x ㏿ሗᛶ䛜ప䛔䚹㻌 x ศᯒ䛜」㞧䚹㻌 㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭 䝸䞊㻠㻚㻥 ௳㻔㻞㻜㻝㻜㻕㻌 㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻌ᅗ⾲ 㻞㻌 ྛᅜ䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䛾ሗ࿌᭩䛷⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛せ䛺ศᯒᡭἲ䛾㻌 㻌 ⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛ศᯒᡭἲ㻌 㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻱㼚㼓㼕㼚㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌 㻔㻺㻿㻲㻘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻤㻧㻌㻺㻿㻲㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕㻌 㼇㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺᗘ∧㼉㻌 䐟」ᩘ䛾≉チᗇ䛾ศᯒ䠄⡿ᅜ≉チၟᶆᗇ䛸Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䠅㻌 㼇㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺᗘ∧㼉㻌 ⡿ᅜ≉チၟᶆᗇ䚸䐡㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊㻌 㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㼚㼐㼡㼟㼠㼞㼥㻌 㻿㼏㼛㼞㼑㼎㼛㼍㼞㼐㻌㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻌 㼇㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺᗘ∧㼉㻌 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䚸䐠㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪䚸䐡㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊㻌 ⛉ Ꮫ ᢏ ⾡ ᣦ ᶆ 㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻘㻌 㻞㻜㻝㻞㻧㻌 㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻌 㼇㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺᗘ∧㼉㻌 䐟」ᩘ䛾≉チᗇ䛾ศᯒ㻔せᅜ䛛䜙ୡ⏺䚸せᅜ䛛䜙 㻟 ᴟ≉チᗇ㻕㻌 㼇㻞㻜㻝㻟 ᖺᗘ∧㼉㻌 䐟」ᩘ䛾≉チᗇ䛾ศᯒ㻔せᅜ䛛䜙ୡ⏺㻕䚸䐡䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊㻌 㻌 ୖグ䛾䐟䡚䐡䛾䛔䛪䜜䛾ศᯒᡭἲ䜢⏝䛔䜛䛛䛿䚸ྛ ᅜ䛾ሗ࿌᭩䛻䜘䛳䛶␗䛺䜛䚹ᅗ⾲ 㻞 䛻 㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻱㼚㼓㼕㼚㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻵㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻔㻺㻿㻲㻕䚸㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㼚㼐㼡㼟㼠㼞㼥㻌 㻿㼏㼛㼞㼑㼎㼛㼍㼞㼐㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻕䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻕 䛷⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛せ䛺ศᯒᡭἲ䜢䜎䛸䜑䜛䚹㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛸䛿ඃඛᶒ䛻䜘䛳䛶┤᥋䚸㛫᥋ⓗ䛻 ⤖䜃䛡䜙䜜䛯 㻞 䜹ᅜ௨ୖ䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪䛾᮰䛷䛒䜛䚹 ㏻ᖖ䚸ྠ䛨ෆᐜ䛷」ᩘ䛾ᅜ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜䛯≉チ䛿䚸ྠ୍ 䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛻ᒓ䛩䜛䚹䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯 䝭䝸䞊䜢䜹䜴䞁䝖䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸ྠ䛨ฟ㢪䜢 㻞 ᗘ䜹䜴䞁䝖䛩䜛 䛣䛸䜢㜵䛠䛣䛸䛜ฟ᮶䜛䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ᩘ 䛿䚸Ⓨ᫂䛾ᩘ䛸䜋䜌ྠ䛨䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹㻌 䜎䛯䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢䜹䜴䞁䝖䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸≉ᐃ䛾 ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸ୡ⏺୰䛾≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䜢䜎䛸 䜑䛶䜹䜴䞁䝖䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟䛸䛺䜛䚹≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾ᅜ㝿 ẚ㍑䛾㝿䛻䚸㻼㻯㼀 ฟ㢪ᩘ䛜⏝䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䜒ከ䛔䛜䚸 㻼㻯㼀 ฟ㢪䛿䛒䜛ᅜ䛛䜙ᾏእ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛾୍㒊䜢ぢ䛶䛔䜛 䛻㐣䛞䛺䛔䚹ྛᅜ䛛䜙⏕䜏ฟ䛥䜜䜛Ⓨ᫂䛾ᩘ䜢䚸ᅜ㝿 ẚ㍑ྍ⬟䛺ᙧ䛷ィ 䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖Ⅼ䛷䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊 䜢⏝䛔䛯ศᯒ䛿䚸ྛᅜ䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛾ᡂᯝ䛾ẚ㍑䜢⾜䛖 ୖ䛷᭷⏝䛺ᣦᶆ䛸⪃䛘䜙䛘䜛䚹㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛸䛧䛶䛿䚸㻻㻱㻯㻰 䛷㛤Ⓨ䛥䜜䛯 㻟 ᴟ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛜⏝䛥 䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔 㻔㻰㼑㼞㼚㼕㼟㻌 㻒㻌 㻷㼍㼔㼚㻘㻌 㻞㻜㻜㻠㻕䚹㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛿䚸᪥ᮏ䚸Ḣᕞ䜈ฟ 㢪䛥䜜䛯≉チ䚸⡿ᅜ䛷Ⓩ㘓䛥䜜䛯≉チ䜢⏝䛔䛶ᵓ⠏䛥 䜜䜛䚹㻌 ᪥⡿Ḣ䛾 㻟 ᴟ䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪䛿䚸㻞㻜㻜㻜 ᖺ௦๓༙䜎䛷 䛿ୡ⏺䛾≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾⣙ 㻢㻜䠂䜢༨䜑䛶䛔䛯䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸 ୰ᅜ䜔㡑ᅜ䛾≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪ᩘ䛾ቑຍ䛻䜘䜚䚸㻟 ᴟ䛾 ୡ⏺䛻䛚䛡䜛䝅䜵䜰䛿పୗ䛧䚸㻞㻜㻝㻝 ᖺ䛻䛿 㻠㻡䠂䛸䛺䛳 䛶䛔䜛㻔㼃㻵㻼㻻㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䚹㻟 ᴟ䛾ୡ⏺䝅䜵䜰䛿䚸䛥䜙䛻పୗ䛧 䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜ண䛥䜜䚸ᚋ䛿 㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛷 䛿ୡ⏺䛻䛚䛡䜛≉チฟ㢪≧ἣ䛜༑ศ䛻ほ 䛷䛝䛺䛟䛺 䛳䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜ண䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌 ௨ୖ䛾⫼ᬒ䜢㋃䜎䛘䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛾 ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 㻞㻜㻝㻟 䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸㻱㻼㻻䠄Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䠅䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 䛻ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛ୡ⏺ 㻤㻜 䛛ᅜ௨ୖ䚸㻣㻘㻤㻜㻜 ௳௨ୖ䛾≉チ⤫ィ䝕䞊䝍䜢⏝䛔䛶䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊 䜢ᵓ⠏䛧䚸ୡ⏺䛻䛚䛡䜛≉チฟ㢪ືྥ䛾ᢕᥱ䜢ヨ䜏 䛯䚹㻌 㻌 䠎㻚㻌 ศᯒ᪉ἲ㻌 䛣䛣䛷䛿䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 㻞㻜㻝㻟 䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾 ศᯒ䛻⏝䛔䛯ᡭἲ䜢䜎䛸䜑䜛䚹㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 䜢⏝䛔䛯䝟䝔 䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ᵓ⠏᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸㻾㼍㼟㼟㼑㼚㼒㼛㼟㼟㼑 䜙 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕䛾ඛ⾜◊✲䛾ᡭἲ䜒ཧ⪃䛻䛧䛯䚹㻌 䛺䛚䚸ㄝ᫂䛾୰䛷䚸䛂㼠㼘㼟㼄㼄㼄䛃䛸䛧䛶ཧ↷䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛿䚸 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 䛻㘓䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䝔䞊䝤䝹䛾ྡ⛠䛷䛒䜛䚹㻌 㻭㻕㻌 ศᯒ䛻⏝䛔䛯䝕䞊䝍䝧䞊䝇㻌 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁㻕䜢 ⏝䛧䛯䚹㻌 㻮㻕㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ᐃ⩏㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ᐃ⩏䛻䛿䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺䜒䛾䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩 䜛䛜䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 㻞㻜㻝㻟 䛷䛿Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛜సᡂ䛧䛶 䛔䜛 㻰㻻㻯㻰㻮 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊㻔㼠㼘㼟㻞㻝㻤㼋㼐㼛㼏㼐㼎㼋㼒㼍㼙㻕䜢ศ ᯒ䛻⏝䛔䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㻯㻕㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾䜹䜴䞁䝖㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾䜹䜴䞁䝖䛾㝿䛻䛿䚸㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌 㻼㼍㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㻿㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㻹㼍㼚㼡㼍㼘㻔㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻥㻕䛻‽ᣐ䛧䚸䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢ᵓ ᡂ䛩䜛ฟ㢪䛾୰䛷᭱䜒᪩䛔ฟ㢪᪥䚸Ⓨ᫂⪅䛾ᒃఫᅜ䜢 ⏝䛔䛯䚹䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾䜹䜴䞁䝖᪉ἲ䛸䛧䛶䚸㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌 㻼㼍㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㻿㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㻹㼍㼚㼡㼍㼘 䛷䛿ศᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖䛜᥎ዡ䛥䜜䛶 䛔䜛䛜䚸㻼㻭㻿㼀㻭㼀 䜈䛾Ⓨ᫂⪅ሗ➼䛾㘓≧ἣ䜢຺ 䛧䚸ᅜ䜢༢䛸䛧䛯ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹㻌 㻰㻕㻌 ᅜሗ䛾ྲྀᚓ᪉ἲ㻌 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 䛾Ⓨ᫂⪅ሗ䜔ฟ㢪⪅ሗ䛻䛿Ḟⴠ䛜
ከ䛔䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸ྛ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛸ᅜ䛾ᑐᛂ䛡䛿௨ ୗ䛾䜘䛖䛻⾜䛳䛯䚹㻌 䛺䛚䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䛿䚸ᅜ䝺䝧䝹䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䛾≧ἣ 䛾ᢕᥱ䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䚸ྛ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛸ᅜ 䛾ᑐᛂ䛡䛾䜏䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻾㼍㼟㼟㼑㼚㼒㼛㼟㼟㼑 䜙㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕䛾 ㄽᩥ䛷䛿ฟ㢪ே䝺䝧䝹䛾ᑐᛂ䛡䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㻔㻝㻕 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢ᵓᡂ䛩䜛䛶䛾≉チᩥ⊩䜢᳨⣴ 䛧䚸Ⓨ᫂⪅䛜ᒃఫ䛩䜛ᅜ䛾ሗ䛜ධ䛳䛶䛔䜛ሙྜ䛿䚸 䛭䜜䜢⏝䛔䛯䚹㻌 㻔㻞㻕 Ⓨ᫂⪅䛜ᒃఫ䛩䜛ᅜ䛾ሗ䛜ධ䛳䛶䛔䛺䛔ሙྜ䚸 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢ᵓᡂ䛩䜛䛶䛾≉チᩥ⊩䜢᳨⣴ 䛧䚸ฟ㢪ே䛜ᒃఫ䛩䜛ᅜ䛾ሗ䛜ධ䛳䛶䛔䜛ሙྜ䛿䚸 䛭䜜䜢⏝䛔䛯䚹㻌 㻔㻟㻕 ୖグ䛾ᡭ㡰䛷ᅜ䛸䛾ᑐᛂ䛡䛜ฟ᮶䛺䛛䛳䛯ሙྜ䚸 ᭱ึ䛾ฟ㢪䛿䚸ฟ㢪⪅䛜ᒃఫ䛩䜛ᅜ䛻⾜䛖䛸௬ᐃ䛧䚸 ᭱䜒᪩䛔ฟ㢪䛾ฟ㢪ᅜ䛾ሗ䜢⏝䛔䛯䚹㻌 㻱㻕㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ྠᐃ㻌 㻰㻻㻯㻰㻮 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾䛖䛱䚸㻝 䛴䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛻ฟ 㢪䛥䜜䛯䜒䛾䜢༢ᅜฟ㢪䚸㻞 䛴௨ୖ䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛻ฟ㢪䛥 䜜䛯䜒䛾䜢䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛸䛧䛯䚹㻌 㻲㻕㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾᭱᪂ᖺ㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛿䚸㻞 䛴௨ୖ䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜 䛶ึ䜑䛶ィ ᑐ㇟䛸䛺䜛䚹㻼㻯㼀 ᅜ㝿ฟ㢪䛥䜜䛯≉チฟ 㢪䛜ᅜෆ⛣⾜䛩䜛䜎䛷䛾䝍䜲䝮䝷䜾䛿 㻟㻜 䜹᭶䛻ཬ䜆ሙ ྜ䛜䛒䜛䚹䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛜䛚䛚䜐䛽 Ᏻᐃ䛧䚸ศᯒྍ⬟䛺᭱᪂್䛿 㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛺䛚䚸ฟ 㢪ඛ䛾ศᯒ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿 㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺ䜢᭱᪂್䛸䛧䛯䚹㻌 㻳㻕㻌 䛭䛾䛾␃ពⅬ㻌 y 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 ୰ 䛻 ฟ 㢪 ሗ 䛿 㘓 䛥 䜜 䛶 䛔 䜛 䛜 㻔㼠㼘㼟㻞㻜㻝㼋㼍㼜㼜㼘㼚 䛻䝺䝁䞊䝗䛿䛒䜛㻕䚸බሗ➼䛜ฟ∧䛥䜜 䛶䛔䛺䛔ฟ㢪㻔㼠㼘㼟㻞㻝㻝㼋㼜㼍㼠㼋㼜㼡㼎㼘㼚 䛻ヱᙜ䛩䜛䝺䝁䞊䝗 䛜䛺䛔㻕䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ฟ㢪䛜ྲྀ䜚ୗ䛢䜙䜜䛯䛸⪃䛘ศ ᯒᑐ㇟䛛䜙እ䛧䛯䚹㻌 y 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䝕䞊䝍䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸 㞟ィ್䛜␗ᖖ್䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䛯䛾䛷䚸ศᯒᑐ㇟䛛䜙እ 䛧䛯䚹㻌 y ▷ᮇ≉チ䚸⡿ᅜ䛾䝕䝄䜲䞁≉チ䜔᳜≀≉チ䛿ศᯒ ᑐ㇟䛛䜙እ䛧䛯䚹㻌 㻌 䠏㻚㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ኚ㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻟 䛻䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣 䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾⣔ิኚ䜢♧䛩䚹䛣䛣䛷䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸 䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛸䛿䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛻 㻝 䛴䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅ ᇦ䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪ᩘ㻔༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ㻕䜢ຍ䛘䛯ᩘ䛷䛒䜛䚹䝟 䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛿䚸Ⓨ᫂⪅䜔ฟ㢪ே䛜ᒃఫ䛩䜛ᅜ௨እ 䛷䛾ᶒ䜢┠ᣦ䛧䛶䚸㻞 䛴௨ୖ䛾ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜 䛶䛔䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䚸༢ᅜฟ㢪䜘䜚䜒౯್䛜㧗䛔Ⓨ᫂䛸⪃ 䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹㻌 㻝㻥㻤㻝 ᖺ䛻 㻠㻜 ௳⛬ᗘ䛷䛒䛳䛯䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇 ༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛿ᚎ䚻䛻ቑຍ䛧䚸㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛻䛿⣙ 㻥㻢 ௳䛸 䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛿 㻝㻥㻤㻝 ᖺ䛻 㻡㻚㻣 ௳䚸 㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛻䛿⣙ 㻞㻝 ௳䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊 䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛻༨䜑䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ྜ䛿䚸 㻝㻥㻤㻜 ᖺ௦䛿 㻝㻡䠂௨ୗ䛷䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸䛭䛾ẚ⋡䛿ᚎ䚻䛻 ቑຍ䛧䚸㏆ᖺ䛷䛿 㻞㻜䠂䜢㉸䛘䛶䛔䜛䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸」ᩘ䛾ᅜ 䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪䛜ቑ䛘䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻟㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛸㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ኚ㻌 㻜 㻞㻜 㻠㻜 㻢㻜 㻤㻜 㻝㻜㻜 㻝㻞㻜 㻝㻥㻤㻝 㻤㻟 㻤㻡 㻤㻣 㻤㻥 㻥㻝 㻥㻟 㻥㻡 㻥㻣 㻥㻥 㻜㻝 㻜㻟 㻜㻡 㻜㻣 䝟 䝔 䞁 䝖 䝣 䜯 䝭 䝸 呎 ᩘ ௳ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ 㻞㻜㻜㻤ᖺ ㈨ᩱ䠖Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁㻕䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛜㞟ィ䚹㻌 㻌 䠐㻚㻌 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䚸䝟 䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻠 䛿䚸ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖ἲ䛷ồ䜑䛯ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛾䝟 䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ㻔㻭㻕䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ 㻔㻮㻕䛷䛒䜛䚹㻌 ᪥ᮏ䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛿䚸㻟 Ⅼ䛸䜒 ➨ 㻝 䛷䛒䜛䚹㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺⅬ䛷䛿䚸䛣䜜䛻୰ᅜ䚸⡿ ᅜ䚸㡑ᅜ䚸䝗䜲䝒䚸ྎ‴䛜䛴䛵䛟䚹䜰䝆䜰䛾ྛᅜ䛻䛴䛔䛶 䛿䚸䛣䛣 㻞㻜 ᖺ䛷ᛴ⃭䛻㡰䜢ୖ䛢䛯䚹㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛻ὀ┠䛩䜛䛸䚸㻝㻥㻤㻜䡚㻝㻥㻥㻜 ᖺ௦ 䛿⡿ᅜ䛜➨ 㻝 䚸᪥ᮏ䛜➨ 㻞 䛷䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸㻞㻜㻜㻜 ᖺ௦ 䛻ධ䜚᪥ᮏ䛜➨ 㻝 䚸⡿ᅜ䛜➨ 㻞 䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹➨ 㻟 ௨㝆䛻ὀ┠䛩䜛䛸䚸㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛷䛿䚸䝗䜲䝒䛜➨ 㻟 䛷䛒䜚䚸䛣䜜䛻㡑ᅜ䚸䝣䝷䞁䝇䚸୰ᅜ䚸ྎ‴䛜䛴䛵䛟䚹
୰ᅜ䛛䜙䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛿ⴭ䛧䛟ቑ ຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸⌧≧䛷䛿ฟ㢪䛾ከ䛟䛜༢ᅜฟ㢪䛷䛒䜛䚹 䛣䛾䛯䜑䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛻䛚䛡䜛㡰䛿䚸⡿ᅜ䚸 䝗䜲䝒➼䜘䜚䜒ୗ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 ᪥ᮏ䛻ὀ┠䛩䜛䛸䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ 䛿 㻝㻥㻥㻢㻙㻝㻥㻥㻤 ᖺ䛛䜙 㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛻䛛䛡䛶⣙ 㻞 ௳ῶ ᑡ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸ᅗ⾲ 㻡 䛻♧䛧䛯䜘䛖䛻䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯 䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛻༨䜑䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ྜ 䛿 㻝㻜䠂䛛䜙 㻞㻜䠂䛸ಸቑ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸᪥ᮏ䛛䜙ᾏእ 䜈䛾≉チฟ㢪䛜䚸䜘䜚✚ᴟⓗ䛻⾜䜟䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔 䜛䚹䛣䜜䜢ᫎ䛧䛶䚸㻝㻥㻥㻢㻙㻝㻥㻥㻤 ᖺ䛛䜙 㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛻 䛛䛡䛶᪥ᮏ䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛿ಸቑ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 ᪉䚸⡿ᅜ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ 㢪ᩘ䛿ቑຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪 ᩘ䛻༨䜑䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ྜ䛿䚸㻞㻜㻜㻜 ᖺ௦䛻 ධ䛳䛶 㻡㻜䠂⛬ᗘ䛷ኚ䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹 㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻠㻌 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ䛤䛸䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䠖ୖ 㻞㻜 䛛ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦ㻌 㻔㻭㻕䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ㻌 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 ᪥ᮏ 㻟㻜㻠㻘㻡㻝㻣 㻡㻞㻚㻤 㻝 ᪥ᮏ 㻟㻠㻜㻘㻥㻟㻜 㻡㻟㻚㻜 㻝 ᪥ᮏ 㻟㻞㻜㻘㻠㻤㻣 㻟㻠㻚㻜 㻝 䝋䝡䜶䝖 㻢㻤㻘㻥㻡㻢 㻝㻞㻚㻜 㻞 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻥㻝㻘㻥㻟㻞 㻝㻠㻚㻟 㻞 ୰ᅜ 㻝㻠㻥㻘㻠㻣㻝 㻝㻡㻚㻥 㻞 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻡㻞㻘㻞㻢㻤 㻥㻚㻝 㻟 䝗䜲䝒 㻡㻞㻘㻥㻥㻢 㻤㻚㻞 㻟 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻝㻠㻜㻘㻡㻣㻤 㻝㻠㻚㻥 㻟 䝗䜲䝒 㻠㻣㻘㻣㻜㻞 㻤㻚㻟 㻠 㡑ᅜ 㻟㻥㻘㻤㻢㻡 㻢㻚㻞 㻠 㡑ᅜ 㻝㻝㻣㻘㻤㻥㻡 㻝㻞㻚㻡 㻠 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻞㻝㻘㻜㻝㻠 㻟㻚㻢 㻡 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻞㻞㻘㻢㻟㻝 㻟㻚㻡 㻡 䝗䜲䝒 㻡㻢㻘㻤㻞㻟 㻢㻚㻜 㻡 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻝㻟㻘㻜㻤㻤 㻞㻚㻟 㻢 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻝㻠㻘㻢㻡㻝 㻞㻚㻟 㻢 ྎ‴ 㻟㻞㻘㻝㻞㻜 㻟㻚㻠 㻢 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻤㻘㻝㻤㻜 㻝㻚㻠 㻣 䝻䝅䜰 㻝㻟㻘㻜㻞㻡 㻞㻚㻜 㻣 䝻䝅䜰 㻞㻣㻘㻝㻤㻟 㻞㻚㻥 㻣 䝏䜵䝁䝇䝻䝞䜻䜰 㻡㻘㻡㻜㻜 㻝㻚㻜 㻤 ୰ᅜ 㻝㻞㻘㻜㻞㻣 㻝㻚㻥 㻤 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻞㻟㻘㻥㻞㻥 㻞㻚㻡 㻤 䝫䞊䝷䞁䝗 㻡㻘㻠㻢㻠 㻜㻚㻥 㻥 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻥㻘㻣㻝㻝 㻝㻚㻡 㻥 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻝㻥㻘㻜㻤㻤 㻞㻚㻜 㻥 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻠㻘㻞㻟㻞 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻜 䜹䝘䝎 㻢㻘㻠㻝㻣 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻜 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻝㻟㻘㻢㻤㻞 㻝㻚㻡 㻝㻜 䝇䜲䝇 㻠㻘㻜㻞㻢 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻝 ྎ‴ 㻡㻘㻡㻢㻝 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻝 䜹䝘䝎 㻝㻝㻘㻝㻠㻞 㻝㻚㻞 㻝㻝 ୰ᅜ 㻟㻘㻤㻥㻝 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻞 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻡㻘㻡㻟㻞 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻞 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻣㻘㻞㻠㻝 㻜㻚㻤 㻝㻞 䜹䝘䝎 㻟㻘㻡㻜㻥 㻜㻚㻢 㻝㻟 䝇䜲䝇 㻠㻘㻢㻞㻟 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻟 䝇䜲䝇 㻢㻘㻞㻞㻜 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻟 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻞㻘㻥㻥㻣 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻠 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻠㻘㻡㻥㻣 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻠 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻡㻘㻝㻟㻡 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻠 䝹䞊䝬䝙䜰 㻞㻘㻣㻥㻟 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻡 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻞㻘㻥㻠㻡 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻡 䜲䞁䝗 㻡㻘㻜㻣㻞 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻡 㡑ᅜ 㻞㻘㻣㻞㻢 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻢 䝤䝷䝆䝹 㻞㻘㻤㻤㻢 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻢 䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹 㻡㻘㻜㻜㻥 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻢 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻞㻘㻢㻣㻝 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻣 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻞㻘㻠㻣㻝 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻣 䝤䝷䝆䝹 㻠㻘㻠㻟㻢 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻣 䝝䞁䜺䝸䞊 㻞㻘㻡㻝㻜 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻤 䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹 㻞㻘㻠㻟㻡 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻤 䝇䝨䜲䞁 㻠㻘㻞㻞㻤 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻤 䝤䝷䝆䝹 㻞㻘㻞㻜㻝 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻥 䝫䞊䝷䞁䝗 㻞㻘㻟㻢㻡 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻥 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻟㻘㻣㻟㻝 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻥 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻞㻘㻜㻣㻞 㻜㻚㻠 㻞㻜 䝇䝨䜲䞁 㻞㻘㻞㻜㻥 㻜㻚㻟 㻞㻜 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻟㻘㻡㻡㻢 㻜㻚㻠 㻞㻜 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 㻝㻥㻤㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻝㻥㻤㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 㻝㻥㻥㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻝㻥㻥㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 㻞㻜㻜㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻞㻜㻜㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ 㻌 㻔㻮㻕䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ㻌 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 ᅜ䞉ᆅᇦྡ ᩘ 䝅䜵䜰 ୡ⏺䝷䞁䜽 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻝㻤㻘㻢㻣㻝 㻞㻡㻚㻤 㻝 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻟㻟㻘㻝㻠㻠 㻞㻤㻚㻜 㻝 ᪥ᮏ 㻢㻝㻘㻟㻥㻥 㻞㻥㻚㻜 㻝 ᪥ᮏ 㻝㻣㻘㻢㻢㻜 㻞㻠㻚㻠 㻞 ᪥ᮏ 㻟㻝㻘㻠㻝㻡 㻞㻢㻚㻡 㻞 䜰䝯䝸䜹 㻠㻣㻘㻡㻡㻢 㻞㻞㻚㻠 㻞 䝗䜲䝒 㻝㻠㻘㻜㻝㻤 㻝㻥㻚㻠 㻟 䝗䜲䝒 㻞㻜㻘㻥㻡㻠 㻝㻣㻚㻣 㻟 䝗䜲䝒 㻟㻜㻘㻣㻞㻠 㻝㻠㻚㻡 㻟 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻡㻘㻝㻝㻠 㻣㻚㻝 㻠 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻣㻘㻠㻠㻜 㻢㻚㻟 㻠 㡑ᅜ 㻝㻤㻘㻠㻢㻢 㻤㻚㻣 㻠 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻠㻘㻤㻠㻝 㻢㻚㻣 㻡 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻢㻘㻠㻞㻢 㻡㻚㻠 㻡 䝣䝷䞁䝇 㻝㻝㻘㻜㻤㻞 㻡㻚㻞 㻡 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻞㻘㻟㻥㻟 㻟㻚㻟 㻢 㡑ᅜ 㻠㻘㻤㻢㻣 㻠㻚㻝 㻢 ୰ᅜ 㻥㻘㻡㻜㻢 㻠㻚㻡 㻢 䝇䜲䝇 㻞㻘㻝㻝㻥 㻞㻚㻥 㻣 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻟㻘㻠㻣㻥 㻞㻚㻥 㻣 ྎ‴ 㻥㻘㻟㻝㻤 㻠㻚㻠 㻣 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻝㻘㻡㻥㻡 㻞㻚㻞 㻤 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻞㻘㻤㻡㻝 㻞㻚㻠 㻤 䜲䜼䝸䝇 㻤㻘㻣㻡㻞 㻠㻚㻝 㻤 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻝㻘㻞㻠㻢 㻝㻚㻣 㻥 䝇䜲䝇 㻞㻘㻣㻢㻤 㻞㻚㻟 㻥 䜲䝍䝸䜰 㻡㻘㻢㻢㻤 㻞㻚㻣 㻥 䜹䝘䝎 㻝㻘㻝㻣㻥 㻝㻚㻢 㻝㻜 䜹䝘䝎 㻞㻘㻣㻜㻝 㻞㻚㻟 㻝㻜 䜹䝘䝎 㻡㻘㻢㻜㻜 㻞㻚㻢 㻝㻜 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻥㻟㻠 㻝㻚㻟 㻝㻝 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻞㻘㻡㻣㻡 㻞㻚㻞 㻝㻝 䜸䝷䞁䝎 㻠㻘㻥㻞㻥 㻞㻚㻟 㻝㻝 䝧䝹䜼䞊 㻢㻟㻥 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻞 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻝㻘㻟㻜㻞 㻝㻚㻝 㻝㻞 䝇䜲䝇 㻠㻘㻝㻥㻣 㻞㻚㻜 㻝㻞 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰 㻢㻝㻢 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻟 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻝㻘㻞㻤㻞 㻝㻚㻝 㻝㻟 䝇䜴䜵䞊䝕䞁 㻟㻘㻠㻤㻤 㻝㻚㻢 㻝㻟 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻡㻟㻥 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻠 䝧䝹䜼䞊 㻝㻘㻞㻣㻜 㻝㻚㻝 㻝㻠 䜲䞁䝗 㻞㻘㻤㻝㻡 㻝㻚㻟 㻝㻠 䝋䝡䜶䝖 㻠㻝㻟 㻜㻚㻢 㻝㻡 ྎ‴ 㻥㻥㻤 㻜㻚㻤 㻝㻡 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝸䜰 㻞㻘㻟㻠㻝 㻝㻚㻝 㻝㻡 䝕䞁䝬䞊䜽 㻟㻥㻠 㻜㻚㻡 㻝㻢 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰 㻥㻣㻡 㻜㻚㻤 㻝㻢 䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹 㻞㻘㻝㻢㻠 㻝㻚㻜 㻝㻢 䝇䝨䜲䞁 㻟㻞㻠 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻣 䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹 㻤㻣㻜 㻜㻚㻣 㻝㻣 䝧䝹䜼䞊 㻞㻘㻜㻝㻟 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻣 䜲䝇䝷䜶䝹 㻟㻝㻠 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻤 䝕䞁䝬䞊䜽 㻣㻠㻣 㻜㻚㻢 㻝㻤 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰 㻝㻘㻥㻟㻥 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻤 䝝䞁䜺䝸䞊 㻞㻡㻥 㻜㻚㻠 㻝㻥 ୰ᅜ 㻣㻝㻞 㻜㻚㻢 㻝㻥 䝣䜱䞁䝷䞁䝗 㻝㻘㻥㻜㻣 㻜㻚㻥 㻝㻥 䝜䝹䜴䜵䞊 㻞㻠㻤 㻜㻚㻟 㻞㻜 䝇䝨䜲䞁 㻢㻤㻢 㻜㻚㻢 㻞㻜 䝇䝨䜲䞁 㻝㻘㻣㻢㻥 㻜㻚㻤 㻞㻜 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 ᩚᩘ䜹䜴䞁䝖 㻝㻥㻤㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻝㻥㻤㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 㻝㻥㻥㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻝㻥㻥㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 㻞㻜㻜㻢ᖺ㻌㻙㻌㻞㻜㻜㻤ᖺ㻔ᖹᆒ㻕 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ 㻌 㻌 ὀ䠖㻌 䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰≉チᗇ䜢㞟ィᑐ㇟䛛䜙㝖䛔䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䚸䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䛾ฟ㢪ᩘ䛿㐣ᑠホ౯䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 ㈨ᩱ䠖Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁㻕䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛜㞟ィ䚹㻌 㻌 㻌 䠑㻚㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ฟ㢪ඛ㻌 䛴䛞䛻䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ฟ㢪ඛ䠄⮬ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪ศ 䛿㝖䛟䠅䜢䜏䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸せᅜ䛛䜙䛾≉チฟ㢪䛾ᅜ㝿ⓗ 䛺ᗈ䛜䜚䛾⣔ิኚ䜢ぢ䜛㻔ᅗ⾲ 㻢㻕䚹㻌 ᪥ᮏ䛛䜙䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ฟ㢪ඛ䛿䚸㻝㻥㻤㻝 ᖺ Ⅼ䛷䛿 㻥㻜䠂௨ୖ䛜⡿ᅜ䛚䜘䜃䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯 䛜䚸㻝㻥㻥㻜 ᖺ௦䛻ධ䛳䛶୰ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜ቑຍ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹 㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺⅬ䛷䛿⡿ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜 㻠㻢䠂䚸୰ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪 䛜 㻞㻜䠂䚸Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜 㻝㻟䠂䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䝶 䞊䝻䝑䝟ྛᅜ䛾≉チᗇ䜈䛾┤᥋ฟ㢪䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ᖺ䚻 䛭䛾ྜ䛜ῶᑡ䛧䚸㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺⅬ䛷䛿䚸㻢䠂䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔
䜛䚹㻌 ⡿ᅜ䛛䜙䛾䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ฟ㢪ඛ䛿䚸㻝㻥㻤㻝 ᖺ Ⅼ䛷䛿⣙༙ศ䛜䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟䚸㻞㻜䠂䛜⡿ᅜ௨እ䛾⡿䞉 ୰༡⡿䚸㻝㻤䠂䛜᪥ᮏ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䛯䚹㻝㻥㻥㻜 ᖺ௦䛻ධ䛳䛶 ᪥ᮏ௨እ䛾䜰䝆䜰䛾ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜ቑຍ䛧䚸㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺ Ⅼ䛷䛿䜰䝆䜰䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜య䛾 㻠㻝䠂䜢༨䜑䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎 䛯䚸䜰䝣䝸䜹䜈䛾ฟ㢪䜒୍ᐃᩘᏑᅾ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺⅬ䛻ὀ┠䛩䜛䛸䚸䝗䜲䝒䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿 㻞㻜䠂䛜 䜰䝆䜰䚸㻞㻟䠂䛜䜰䝯䝸䜹䚸㻠㻟䠂䛜Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜 䛶䛔䜛䚹䝣䝷䞁䝇䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䜰䝆䜰䚸⡿ᅜ䛜ྛ䚻㻞㻜䠂䛷 䛒䜚䚸㻟㻟䠂䛜Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛻ฟ㢪䛥䜜䚸䜲䜼䝸䝇䛻䛴䛔䛶 䛿 㻞㻟䠂䛜䜰䝆䜰䚸㻞㻥䠂䛜⡿ᅜ䚸㻞㻢䠂䛜Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛻ฟ 㢪䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䝗䜲䝒䚸䝣䝷䞁䝇䚸䜲䜼䝸䝇䛛䜙䜰䝆䜰䜈䛾 ฟ㢪䜢䜏䜛䛸䚸᪥ᮏ䛾ẚ⋡䛜┦ᑐⓗ䛻ୗ䛜䜚䚸୰ᅜ䜔 㡑ᅜ䛾ẚ⋡䛜ୖ䛜䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䜰䝣䝸䜹䜈䛾ฟ㢪䜒䚸⡿ᅜ 䛸䛚䛺䛨䛟୍ᐃᩘᏑᅾ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 ୰ᅜ䛛䜙䛾ฟ㢪䛿 㻝㻥㻤㻜 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙Ⅼ䛷䛿䚸Ḣᕞ䜈 䛾ฟ㢪䛜⣙༙ᩘ䜢༨䜑䛶䛚䜚䚸䛭䜜䛻䜰䝆䜰䚸⡿ᅜ䛜 䛴䛵䛔䛶䛔䛯䚹䛭䛾ᚋ䚸⡿ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛾ྜ䛜ᖜ䛻 ቑຍ䛩䜛୍᪉䛷䚸Ḣᕞ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛾ྜ䛿ῶᑡ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹 㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺⅬ䛷䛿 㻠㻢䠂䛜⡿ᅜ䚸㻞㻢䠂䛜䜰䝆䜰䚸㻝㻠䠂䛜Ḣ ᕞ≉チᗇ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㡑ᅜ䛛䜙䛾ฟ㢪䛿 㻝㻥㻤㻜 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙Ⅼ䛷䛿䚸⡿ᅜ䚸 Ḣᕞ䚸䜰䝆䜰㻔䛻᪥ᮏ㻕䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛜䚸䜋䜌 㻝㻛㻟 䛪䛴䛷䛒 䛳䛯䚹䛭䛾ᚋ䚸⡿ᅜ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛾ྜ䛜ᖜ䛻ቑຍ䛧䚸 㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺⅬ䛷䛿 㻡㻞䠂䛜⡿ᅜ䚸㻟㻟䠂䛜䜰䝆䜰䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔 䜛䚹䜰䝆䜰䛻䛚䛡䜛ฟ㢪ඛ䜢䜏䜛䛸䚸᪥ᮏ䛾ẚ⋡䛜┦ᑐ ⓗ䛻ୗ䛜䜚䚸୰ᅜ䛾ẚ⋡䛜ୖ䛜䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌 㻌 䠒㻚㻌 䜎䛸䜑㻌 ᅜ䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛾ᡂᯝ䜢ィ 䛩䜛䛖䛘䛷䚸≉チ䛿㔜せ 䛺ᣦᶆ䛾୍䛴䛷䛒䜚䚸ྛᅜ䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䛾ሗ࿌᭩䛷 ྲྀ䜚ୖ䛢䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸≉チฟ㢪ᩘ䛾ᅜ㝿ẚ㍑䛾 ᅔ㞴䛥䜢ᫎ䛧䛶䚸䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺ศᯒᡭἲ䛜ΰᅾ䛧䛶䛔䜛 ≧ἣ䛷䛒䜛䚹㻌 ᅜ㝿ẚ㍑ᛶ䜢㧗䜑䜛ᡭẁ䛸䛧䛶䚸㻻㻱㻯㻰 䜢୰ᚰ䛻 㻟 ᴟ㻔᪥⡿Ḣ㻕䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛜ᣦᶆ䛸䛧䛶⏝䛥䜜䜛䛣 䛸䛜ከ䛔䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸୰ᅜ䜔㡑ᅜ䛾≉チᗇ䜈䛾ฟ㢪ᩘ䛾 ቑຍ䛻䜘䜚䚸ᚋ䛿䚸㻟 ᴟ䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛷䛿ୡ⏺䛻 䛚䛡䜛≉チฟ㢪≧ἣ䛜༑ศ䛻ほ 䛷䛝䛺䛟䛺䛳䛶䛔䛟䛣 䛸䛜ண䛥䜜䜛䚹㻌 䛣䜜䜙䛾≧ἣ䜢㋃䜎䛘䚸ᮏሗ࿌䛷䛿䚸㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀 䛻ྵ 䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛ୡ⏺ 㻤㻜 䛛ᅜ௨ୖ䛾≉チ⤫ィ䝕䞊䝍䜢⏝䛔 䛶䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢ᵓ⠏䛩䜛᪉ἲ䜢ᥦ♧䛧䚸ୡ⏺䛻 䛚䛡䜛≉チฟ㢪ືྥ䜢ศᯒ䛧䛯䚹䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䜢⏝ 䛔䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸ྛᅜ䛛䜙⏕䜏ฟ䛥䜜䜛Ⓨ᫂䛾ᩘ䜢䚸䜘䜚ᅜ㝿 ẚ㍑ᛶ䛜㧗䛔ᙧ䛷ィ ྍ⬟䛸䛺䜛䚹㻌 䝟䝔䞁䝖 䝣 䜯䝭 䝸 䞊䜢 ⏝䛔 䛯 ≉チ ฟ㢪 ᩘ 䜢䜏 䜛䛸 䚸 㻝㻥㻥㻢㻙㻝㻥㻥㻤 ᖺ䛛䜙 㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛻䛛䛡䛶᪥ᮏ䛾䝟䝔䞁 䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛿ಸቑ䛧䚸㻞㻜㻜㻢㻙㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛾ᖹᆒ䛷䚸᪥ᮏ䛿 ୡ⏺➨ 㻝 䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹䛣䜜䛿䚸᪥ᮏ䛛䜙ᾏእ䜈䛾≉ チฟ㢪䛜ಸቑ䛧䛯䛣䛸䜢ᫎ䛧䛯ື䛝䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙 䛛䛻䛺䛳䛯䚹㻌 䜎䛯䚸㏆ᖺ䚸୰ᅜ䛛䜙䛾≉チฟ㢪䛜ᛴቑ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䛔 䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸䛭䛾ከᩘ䛿୰ᅜᅜෆ䜈䛾ฟ㢪䛷䛒䜛䚹 䛣䛾䛯䜑䚸䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛻䛚䛡䜛㡰䛿䚸⡿ᅜ䚸 䝗䜲䝒➼䜘䜚䜒ୗ䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻䛺䛳䛯䚹㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻡㻌 せᅜ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䠇༢ᅜฟ㢪ᩘ䛻༨ 䜑䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊ᩘ䛾ྜ㻌 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 䝟 䝔 䞁 䝖 䝣 䜯 䝭 䝸 䞊 ᩘ / 䝟 䝔 䞁 䝖 䝣 䜯 䝭 䝸 䞊 䠇 ༢ ᅜ ฟ 㢪 ᩘ (% ) ᪥ᮏ ⡿ᅜ 䝗䜲䝒 䝣䝷䞁䝇 䜲䜼䝸䝇 ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ᖺ 㻌 ὀ䠖㻌 ୰ᅜ䛾 㻝㻥㻤㻝㻙㻝㻥㻤㻠 ᖺ䛾್䛿䚸␗ᖖ್䛸ᛮ䜟䜜䜛䛾䛷♧䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹㻟 ᖺ ⛣ືᖹᆒ䠄㻞㻜㻜㻣 ᖺ䛷䛒䜜䜀 㻞㻜㻜㻢䚸㻞㻜㻜㻣䚸㻞㻜㻜㻤 ᖺ䛾ᖹᆒ್䠅䜢♧䛧䛶䛔 䜛䚹㻌 ㈨ᩱ䠖Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁㻕䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛜㞟ィ䚹㻌 㻌 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㻌 ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻕㻔㻝㻥㻥㻝㻕䚸య⣔⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ䠉ᡃ 䛜ᅜ䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡άື䠉䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䚸㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻌 㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌㻺㼛㻚㻌㻝㻥㻌 㻌 ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻕㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 㻞㻜㻝㻞䚸⛉ Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䚸ㄪᰝ㈨ᩱ㻙㻞㻝㻠㻌 㻌 ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㻔㻺㻵㻿㼀㻱㻼㻕㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 㻞㻜㻝㻟䚸⛉ Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䚸ㄪᰝ㈨ᩱ㻙㻞㻞㻡㻌 㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼚㼕㼟㻘㻌 㻴㻚㻌 㻒㻌 㻷㼍㼔㼚㻘㻌 㻹㻚㻌 㻔㻞㻜㻜㻠㻕㻘㻌 㼀㼞㼕㼍㼐㼕㼏㻌 㻼㼍㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌 㻲㼍㼙㼕㼘㼥㻌㻹㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻘㻌 㻻㻱㻯㻰㻘㻌 㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌 㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌 㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻵㼚㼐㼡㼟㼠㼞㼥㻌 㼃㼛㼞㼗㼕㼚㼓㻌 㻼㼍㼜㼑㼞㼟㻌
㻞㻜㻜㻠㻛㻜㻞㻌 㻺㻿㻲㻌㻔㻞㻜㻜㻤㻕㻘㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻱㼚㼓㼕㼚㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㻞㻜㻜㻤㻘㻌㻺㻿㻲㻌 㻌 㻺㻿㻲㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕㻘㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻱㼚㼓㼕㼚㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㻵㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㻌㻞㻜㻝㻞㻘㻌㻺㻿㻲㻌 㻌 㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌㻔㻞㻜㻜㻥㻕㻘㻌㻼㼍㼠㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼙㼍㼚㼡㼍㼘㻘㻌㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌 㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻝㻕㻘㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻘㻌㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㼚㼐㼡㼟㼠㼞㼥㻌㻿㼏㼛㼞㼑㼎㼛㼍㼞㼐㻌 㻞㻜㻝㻝㻦㻌㻵㼚㼚㼛㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼠㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㻷㼚㼛㼣㼘㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㻱㼏㼛㼚㼛㼙㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌 㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻘 㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌㻲㼍㼏㼠㼎㼛㼛㼗㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟㻦㻌㻱㼏㼛㼚㼛㼙㼕㼏㻘㻌㻱㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌 㻿㼛㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㻿㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㻻㻱㻯㻰㻌 㻾㼍㼟㼟㼑㼚㼒㼛㼟㼟㼑㻘㻌 㻳㻚㻘㻌 㻰㼑㼞㼚㼕㼟㻘㻌 㻴㻚㻘㻌 㻳㼡㼑㼘㼘㼑㼏㻘㻌 㻰㻚㻘㻌 㻼㼕㼏㼏㼕㻘㻌 㻸㻚㻌 㻒㻌 㼢㼍㼚㻌 㻼㼛㼠㼠㼑㼘㼟㼎㼑㼞㼓㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㻌 㼘㼍㻌㻼㼛㼠㼠㼑㼞㼕㼑㻘㻌 㻮㻚㻌 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻟㻕㻘㻌 㼀㼔㼑㻌 㼣㼛㼞㼘㼐㼣㼕㼐㼑㻌 㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌 㼜㼞㼕㼛㼞㼕㼠㼥㻌 㼜㼍㼠㼑㼚㼠㼟㻦㻌 㻭㻌 㼚㼑㼣㻌 㼕㼚㼐㼕㼏㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌 㼛㼒㻌 㼕㼚㼢㼑㼚㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌 㼍㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌 㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌 㻼㼛㼘㼕㼏㼥㻘㻌㻠㻞㻘㻌㻣㻞㻜㻙㻣㻟㻣㻌 㼃㻵㻼㻻㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞㻕㻘㻌㼃㻵㻼㻻㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼐㼍㼠㼍㼎㼍㼟㼑㻘㻌㼃㻵㻼㻻㻌 㻌 ᅗ⾲ 㻢㻌 せᅜ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝟䝔䞁䝖䝣䜯䝭䝸䞊䛾ฟ㢪ඛ㻌 㻌 䠄㻭䠅᪥ᮏ㻌 ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ⡿ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ 㻌 䠄㻮䠅⡿ᅜ㻌 ᪥ᮏ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 㻌 䠄㻯䠅䝗䜲䝒㻌 ᪥ᮏ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ⡿ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 㻌 㻌 䠄㻰䠅䝣䝷䞁䝇㻌 ᪥ᮏ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ⡿ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 㻌 䠄㻱䠅䜲䜼䝸䝇㻌 ᪥ᮏ ୰ᅜ 㡑ᅜ ⡿ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1981 83 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ୰ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 㻌 䠄㻲䠅୰ᅜ㻌 ᪥ᮏ 㡑ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨ እ) ⡿ᅜ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ ᅜ௨እ) Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 85 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) 㡑ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 1985 䠄㻳䠅㡑ᅜ㻌 ᪥ᮏ ୰ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨ እ) ⡿ᅜ Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨ እ䠅 䜰䝣䝸䜹 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 87 89 91 93 95 97 99 01 03 05 2007 ᖺ WIPO 䛭䛾 ୰ᮾ 䜰䝣䝸䜹 䜸䝉䜰䝙䜰 䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟(EPO௨እ䠅 Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ ⡿䞉୰༡⡿(⡿ᅜ௨እ) ⡿ᅜ 䜰䝆䜰䠄᪥୰㡑௨እ) ୰ᅜ ᪥ᮏ 1986 㻌 ㈨ᩱ䠖Ḣᕞ≉チᗇ䛾 㻼㻭㼀㻿㼀㻭㼀㻔㻞㻜㻝㻞 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁㻕䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䞉Ꮫ ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ䛜㞟ィ䚹㻌