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Vitamin D sufficiency is associated with low incidence of limb and vertebral fractures in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women : the Muramatsu Study. Osteoporos Int."!!$:8'214"3122
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6+Tsugawa, N., Uenishi, K., Ishida, H., Ozaki, R., et al . : Association between vitamin D status and serum parathyroid hormone concentration and calcaneal stiffness in Japanese adolescents : sex differences in susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. J. Bone Miner. Metab.""#$575'85"3127 *3 trx| D I+)*VDDQ-J pmi+ .® A/ pmi !M 2#61µÎ 3#51µÎ61µ>= 4#51µ>= 1 1 6 Ø3 2#ðØ 3#ÈØ 1 9 Ý 2#Ç*5£)7£+ 3#*8£):£+ 4#Ã*21£)23£+ 5#û*2£)4£+ 5 1 5 8 ý*pv&s+V-ú 2#áCHT< 3#£2)3 4#Ä2 5#Ä3Î 8 6 1 1 ÿÊDVD?RÿÊD»]¸G 2#,ÿÊDDb-@N,ÿÊD»]¸G?H- 3#,ÿÊDDb-@N,ÿÊD»]¸GDb- 4#,ÿÊD?H-@N,ÿÊD»]¸G?H- 5#,ÿÊD?H-@N,ÿÊD»]¸G?H-1 3 3 : FV4}£VäQVÿª%N 2#<N^*<ÿ+ 3#M<P<*6"7ÿ(Ä+ 4#RBSB*4"5ÿ(Ä+ 5#ZdU*2"3ÿ(Ä+ 6#áCT<*2ÿ>=(Ä+ 1 1 1 7 : trx| D g8/U\VÛÂ*nl"j{o" n|wTS+ 2#ÄU3Î 3#ÄU3>= 1 : +), , °ù42ùÎQtrx| D 9*36OHD$.31ng/mL+V# ØA¯< 2¥37`bG"04 ô Þ É ¹ 9
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Osteoporosis and Vitamin D
Naoko Tsugawa
Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Osaka Shoin Women’s University, Osaka, Japan
SUMMARY
Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium and bone metabolism. Vitamin D is supplied from intake of vitamin D rich food and sunlight exposure in skin, and subsequently metabolized to+.# hydroxyvitamin D$+.OHD%in liver and to 1,25#dihydroxyvitamin D, active vitamin D, in kidney. Serum+.OHD concentration is most useful marker for estimating nutritional status of vitamin D. Although+.OHD is not active form, many epidemiological studies have clearly shown that low+.# hydroxyvitamin D$+.OHD%concentrations are associated with low bone mineral density and incidence of fracture. Recently, the Japanese Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Japan Endocrine Society have proposed the guidelines for assessment criteria for vitamin D deficiency/ insufficiency using serum+.OHD concentration in Japan as follows. $1%Serum+.OHD concentra-tion equal to or above,)ng/ml is considered to be vitamin D sufficient. $2%Serum +.OHD con-centration less than,)ng/ml but not less than +)ng/ml is considered to be vitamin D insufficient. $3%Serum+.OHD concentration less than+)ng/ml is considered to be vitamin D deficient. Accor-ding to this criteria, many recent studies have reported that more than.)( of Japanese people are in vitamin D deficiency defined by lower than+)ng/mL. Declines of fish intake and sunlight exposure in recent Japanese life style would be risk factors of vitamin D deficiency. However, most people unaware their own vitamin D status. Regarding requirement of vitamin D for prevention of osteoporosis or to ensure a sufficient vitamin D status, the recommendations are not fully consistent but at least*)#+)µg$-))#1))IU%of vitamin D per day can be recommended in the general. To prevent osteoporosis, nutritional self-care in vitamin D should be strongly recommended by taking vitamin D rich foods or by effective sunlight exposure.
Key words : vitamin D, osteoporosis,+.#hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D intake
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