フェルミ衛星がとらえたX線連星からのガンマ線放射

全文

(1)cd ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῎.

(2) X . . . . Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, MC 4060, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected]. . . . .

(3) . 152ῌ8551 2ῌ12ῌ1. e-mail: [email protected]. . . !. . !. 739ῌ8526 "#$ 1ῌ3ῌ1. e-mail: [email protected]. ". #. $. %. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, M/S 29, Menlo Park, CA 94025, U.S.A. e-mail: [email protected]. on Behalf of the Fermi LAT Collaboration LS 5039, LS I

(4) 61 303, Cyg X-3 X GeV . !"# LS 5039 LS I

(5) 61 303 $% TeV &' . !". % ()*+ ,% GeV TeV -./012-2!"345678 % 9! % GeV TeV :;<=34>?@AB7C8D,. !. "# Cyg X-3 $% /012-27C:;<=345EC8 ,% 8 FGHC85678GI. !"# JK% 8LM5NOP*+LMQR. ST7C8G% X UVCWXYZ[&'\]^_à2b. 1.. &' X (). 7#. ST* 4'KL3+UHIBJ'VWX/0 YVZ[\]D^!_àb* X %Oc0RdR e(UfLghEi/P e3jkM&'N)*. X %&'()* +,-./01234' 567*. 1960 lmVniFG X %opVqEh* r3s. 4'(89: (* ;<='>?@ABC!D(. ctKL3uvwxyzO{|* }Y* ~V. EFGHIBJ'KLM0&'NO/P QR3. gG X %1)O{0* r| X-1 )*. 430. op . 2010 l 7 .

(6) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῎ ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ. X

(7). EGRET +,Q` LS 5039, LS I61 303,. 1970 1980 X X . Cyg X-3 2 !p X /T A. !. '() *+,-.4), 5) . "#$%!& '() *+,-./!01. r*. AU/_ #$A!:. *2-!3

(8) 4 567 X-3 "89. /?.^22*. Cyg X-3& !: MeV ";10 <=>&. n2`.U/ n-.'(). TeV ";10 <=>& 4? PeV ";10 <. X / A:@3w. =>& 3 @AB!CD 10. x ?.

(9). 6. 12. 15. EFA+,1*2- X * GH. U : 2000 ¡ H. E. S. S.,. IJKLM NO A PNOQR S/. MAGIC, VERITAS /!0 !qr. ?TJ-AU/23?.

(10) 2). Ga TeV '() bc¢`£. ??2* U-'() +,: 1980. -3

(11) H.E.S.S. bc: LS 5039 / PSR B. 9 1990 V-.W.2. 1259¤63 '() +,?7), 8) , LS. XYZ[ \]-AU/23

(12). 5039 :¥ A 3.9 ¦/. U ^ Whipple _ HEGRA / ! ` . G a. ?.}kij§+,?3?.9) "¨ 1&

(13). TeV '() bc: 4-3 bc/ d. MAGIC / VERITAS b c LS I . ?efg/hijfkl(mn Ao. 61 303 '() +,©ª A//. *. p

(14) !qr ?. * Cyg X-. }kij§*^ AU/«?3?. 3 :st/ A X TeV '(). .10), 11)

(15) U¬: LS 5039 / 26.5 ¦. u+, AU/* v3wx ?.3)

(16) 3.. /?. TeV '() }kij§. Gayz{(|}bc~!. *AU/1-!3 12)

(17) 3.. GeV ";109 <=>& '() XY A|(. MAGIC f: 2®kij¯. > ( (CGRO) "1991 a & . A567 X-1 X }{°/?.. ¨1. » 103 ¼. (A): H.E.S.S. bc V-. LS 5039 TeV '() }kij§ (±1 TeV) /²³´9)

(18) (B): LAT +,Q V-. 0.1ῌ10 GeV '() }kij§/²³´ "a& /²/ LAT +, Q µ/~µ}kij§ ³´ "¶&22)

(19) ²`§·j>¸ ¹?!AU/*ºA

(20) »7½. 431.

(21) ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῎. 80

(22) . <Rh'20) M:;/ oPmJ+. 13) X . +0. TeV . !". H.E.S.S. #$%&'()

(23) %*. . 5 < 6>*<Rh= . +,- HESS J0632.057 %. 2.

(24). / 0123 X 4567%&89 :;<= X ><?3. . < U,=. 7 TeV # $ % & ' X . @ A8 X . 8 c>< 2008 2%. B B C (gamma-ray binary)D . GeV 9 98ePl. EB X -FGHIJ . : #$ TePV ;,= . 14). KL. eP

(25) ]8 Large Area. A. 8+M 0. Telescope (LAT) 1990 2 < % ^ = CGRO. % NOPQJNOPQJ. EGRET

(26) > 6 ?

(27). /RS TS4S>UV 8M. @ 6A TB 1/5V h&C D. WX R . E /, 20 MeV <= 300 GeV F. Y=<Z[%&R 0. =S\NO. NOPQJ9BmJ¡i 221) M. 8M%>' . %&' @%>GDNOPQJ9. S!% . ¢H c8> 4. PQJ%!. >]' - ^()_%. %]=£8 ¤¥¦Jc8 . `. a!"b<=#c

(28) defg%h!. §¨4 1 ©fjª/ . . 8 + / X + ,. I&="8Mc8&+%>' . 15). defg]8/ ijkljNJmJE. «¬&+% EGRET 40. n M ijkljNJmJEB. < X J% . /+-oPmJEB. -

(29) . 8.

(30) %/<<3= 8%®=. / M pojgoPmJ. ><R .(K / ]. oPmJ$%q<=r$%s. 8¯ 1%° /

(31). t&%&'u'. R; ±L/]' e. vw( S!. 8+/ x)yz8{ X. P LAT

(32) 9 0; ². |L*+ <=(. X ³´L=6%MµN. defg

(33) . . 0N%¶3 O~= LAT. -~ PSR B125963 p.

(34) B9·K1 1 2P% X . ojg(oPmJ]8M<= 1~. %°8 3 QRS 8Mc. +,}]' M 4). . 16), 17). LS 5039 4 LS I .. 22)ῌ24) ¸ ¹RS,}. LS 5039,. 61303 >U. %/ oP. LS I.61303, 0 Cyg X-3 %°89:;. mJ TeV / +0. yz . c8+,}/]'18), 19) LS 5039 %. 2.1. LS 5039. 1 X / 10. LS 5039 O ºpojg<=>8 X. 2b%3R34% 8M/3. 0pojg »©fj¼JP. 432. S½,. 2010 2 7 ½.

(35) ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ῍ ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ.

(36) X TeV . !"#$%&'()#. *+. ,-%./012 34567- 8*9 "#:;<=> ? 1 LAT @ABC-)# LS 5039 .DEFGHIJKL"MNEO"#* > ?KPQK GeV * . !"$>. %

(37) + "#. $@AKP EGRET @ABKP R()# GeV S% X LS 5039 . TUVW%=#. ?2. X. LS 5039 ¨?25). Y > ? 1 KZ"# LAT @ABKP[\]. TeV .DEFG%}. . H.E.S.S. ^_KP[\]H à. >. . b. Q

(38). < LAT @AB%&'> GeV . Kcde > GeV . TeV .DEFG%fg Jh". te > JL$. >. H|Y. 0¡¢ Eg . E῎ s. i) JhjPQKk

(39) (). tuvw[%quqL £¤¥me c 2 ¥. "lQm GeV * TeV . 0.511 MeV¦ HK Eg E῎§(me c2)2 }). * nop()#q%r -s. }+ ¨K E ῎ ©10 eV Hª«>. tuvw[HxyMOz {e56. 0¡¢ Eg % 30 GeV ¬5. KP. |Y%8*}k>. ~ "#. }r -[ . "quqLH. HxK>. *e > LS. }) quqL%()} >}

(40) 4 %()}. K}+ >. "#% LAT @AB[\]* xyMO®HR. * K}+. 5039 yFO %r - 0.1 :. > xyMOz KP {e56. I- 0.2 :I. -)stuvw[\%. . H . ¯° z. r -stuvw[\% . ±²%}+

(41) }+ > (. LKP%e > )-. -K [%qKP ³´()P+ µ. . ¶´>fQ% yMOz >²%. ? 2 KZ"# LS 5039 H|Y %. Q¤*+ >26) LAT @ABKP[\. e > K = yFO %. ] =

(42) )

(43) )-R#. H.E.S.S. [\]HQ k

(44) >

(45) )

(46) )-Rr Ke#. e . % stuvw[\. H. })}-} LKP %}+ TeV .DEFG%( }. k

(47) () > xK ^ K . = yFO %r 7K » 103 ¼. »7½. eK. eKyFO %r >}

(48) 4s tuvw[. [%·µ ¶´>. eK.DEFG%} ¸+ )- ¤Q k

(49) e > ¹º$K= xyMOz KP. L. QH|Y 433.

(50) ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῎. !3. LAT "#$ LS 5039 22)) (5¸3¹ºN±* 2345©().

(51) . !4. 2.2. LS I61303 qrª LAT "#$" #E9%&'(53 (0.1ῌ20 GeV) ±»23)). LS Iῌ61῍303. LS I61303 TeV %&'(qrst`. ! 3 LAT "#$ LS 5039 %&'(. txyz7m LS 5039. ) * GeV +,%&'(-./. m ) d&^>. 0 123456 789 ). LS 5039 ` |a 3. : 5;<=>?@ABCDE9. R> VW) . FG HIJ2345K9. > Be > qrst 26.5 . @E9 ) LMN . ) | "#$?@. HIJ%&'(OPQR 30 GeV +,. 1 2 LS I61303 qr 1 sX. STU VW) ?@E9. S ?@ . 7G9* GeV 2345X. LAT "#$ S. HIJ

(52) VW) YG. X R¡¢£¤SU ). Z[\2345]G9. LS I61303 LAT "#$¥G9. ) %&'(^_R ! 3 . AB LS 5039 AB ) ¦. `* GeV a234. ! 4 §¨.©(b qrst. 5bcG9 ) . `tz"#E9 ) EG TeV. G LS 5039 d&^>^_R ef. %&'( qrª 0.6 G 0.7

(53) U«k¬. G"#%&'( g^_RhiG. 53?@E9H GeV %. jS

(54) klmG9 ) . &'(>bqrª 0.3 s

(55) 5. nop4 qrst`t%&. 3«k¬ SU LS 5039 `. '(-.uXvw

(56) VW) xy. GeV %&'( TeV %&'(53®. z X {S

(57) . ¯°±²U ) . |}~Sb. k LS 5039 ³´ . m ). * GeV G,OPQR%&'(53. 27). µ¶·E S2345b 434. ¼. 2010 ½ 7 .

(58) ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ῍ ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ. .

(59) LS I61303 . !"

(60) #$. %& '()*+, -

(61) ./0 1!#234% 5)6) 789:;< = -

(62) >( ?1@A

(63) BCA LS I61303

(64) D 1 EFG/$. H2I/J K+/L MN ). 2.3. ῎῍ῌ X-3 (Cyg X-3). O 1 P(Q4

(65) R STU*

(66) VW"XYZ[\]^1_ ^1_. !] `

(67) a. 5. Cyg X-3

(68) ,-?1@A (¼0.1 GeV)

(69) B CA24). !]

(70) ba'cd. '' 2c ?1@Aq (). e f +/]g' ?1@A

(71) *. Cyg X-3 +)J$( 5 ' . h%)

(72) a(UiI(.

(73) ?1@A}

(74) 2008 * 8 + 2009 * 2 (. j$ k+' LAT lNmnopnc.

(75) BCA#

(76) ( >

(77) +A(¡. Cyg X-3 +

(78) ?1@Aq#rs. = 2 ¢

(79)

(80) ?1@A}+£¤

(81). I (). X¥¦opK= §¨ . Cyg X-3

(82) Ut

(83) u'vwx%. U

(84) Cyg X-3 + o p K = © . 2c -

(85) y Cyg X-3 z('. ª«!+¬I+=,-

(86) BCA(. {|

(87) ?1@A}

(88) :;#<$$I(. .

(89) BCA#24

(90) ?1@A}. ~. ZV1/+

(91) ?1@A. +X¥¦opK= ®j$J Cyg. q += I. X-3 +

(92) ,-qX¥¦opK=.

(93) u(' _"8#'yx. LAT lNm' 2009 *

(94) 6. %

(95) ?1@A}lNK=* =++

(96). + 8 3/

(97) X¥¦#lN. q Cyg X-3 +

(98) q#2n$. -

(99) Cyg X-3 +

(100) ,-qX. ~. 28). ZV1/ LAT lNm

(101). ¥¦

(102) . :' 1 GeV

(103) ?1@A 1#. +

(104) ?1@A} Cyg X-3 ('/$. ( Cyg X-3 +z_"8'. ¯K=. 30 . =/de c. - K+rs/°±2. Cyg X-3

(105) ?1@A}UJ$#!. ?1@A}+X¥¦2+=

(106) 78. 43( M789:;"#/. 93#$)N E²#c ³´2I. k+' Cyg X-3 +z_"8. /!4µ 6 n$.

(107) # y

(108) _"8q#N. Cyg X-3

(109) 4.8

(110) D E . K/_"

(111) 7893. 2c

(112) (

(113) n$ LAT lNm

(114). #$)N/J

(115) %# -

(116) Cyg X-3. opn Cyg X-3 +?1@AqK=.

(117) rs?1@A}U$ #&. ° ¶·. )y. O 103 ½. O7´. Cyg X-3 (¸(¹º »

(118) .

(119) X A 435.

(120) ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ ῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌῌ῍. I4J 6$ 8O'%&& H :`'%&. 3. ῍. ῌ. ῎. jQ8 Zp LAT qrs ( } 1 h8S X I4J ]qr'V:8@99 Cyg X-3 8SH G |)Hh*%&GHI4J 6]SH8+'V:

(121) 99 ¹6. Cyg X-3 º?»¼:I4JZ· (½0.1 GeV) $24). TeV I4J:9G,&GH LS 5039 : LS I61303 8SHGM no%& GeV I4J -H TeV I4J:'V:. X

(122) LS. ].'V:

(123) 9. 5039 LS I61303 X . 99 #

(124)

(125) */M. !" 1.5 #

(126) $"%&' ()*. GH 0Fg I4J] 69GH'. +,-%&./012 3. ./0121. jQ8,-%&GH'. Cyg X-3 . Jk5/22 9H w.

(127) X : ;<. 2 9H MH E. =6: ;<>8?@%&.AB. GH¡ *./0121 . 5C 6:DE&'@ FGH. . X ': I4J 6K. H:HQ*/MEGH¡ |. LM LS 5039 LS I61303 : Cyg X-3 . :V£ I4J qr%&GH' X . 'N MO'9PQ. #G¤ . 4554 67 8 9. 29), 30). * X 6:R Cyg X-3 8SHG. ¢ O'H2. ¢ b3. M,-%&GH'. b. X e . X e I4J] 6. TUHV:MFWXGH Cyg X-3 . 'QMTUH:V£ M9 b. I4J 6 Y8Z[\]^V9GH'_. ` ;< X 6 a' bcZ. :9 0Fgw2F&GH'j. de :fg&'_h:i9GH'jQ. Q8 . k l m \ I 4 J n o p AGILE. 128,-':V£¦56§]¨. LAT qrs I4JZ[\]qr9_. 9GH'M9&¡. X e ¢I4J 6%&' ¥H¤4 1. ]./0. `8,FG 2008 4 t8M Cyg X-3 u. VjQ*]9GH 8 |8. I4JZ[\]qr9:v9GH. I4J qr%&GH'7]jU ©ª. V&M Cyg X-3 bcZde 8O'_`. 'V:M£V: %« X . 9 VV: I4J 6:B4w. ¬2l]+898##GH V:M¦58. 31). ;h8y$ O'. Zp LAT 2®: "¯. V:]z{9 |} ~:F. °±+: X ;²]³<98´'. &'! 6 ;<" X *9G. =µ¶

(128) G) I4J qr%&GH'. I4J 6$]j9 ##'V:8j. >9Z·¸, H O'H. x. 436. 7@t. 2010 7 t.

(129) ῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῍῎ ῍ῌ῏῎ῑῐ.

(130) . !"#$%& '()*&. +,-. X *"/012341X *5 &6789:. ;%<2=& >!. & X *"/?@ABC9D

(131) EBF GHIJK/!LMNODPQ '()*+,-.RS9. :. $%& :T PQU V'() *"/W !@XBFY GHIJK/. 23) Abdo A. A., et al., 2009, ApJ 701, L123 24) Abdo A. A., et al., 2009, Science 326, 1512 25) Casares J., Ribo ´M., Ribas I., Paredes J. M., Martı ´, J., Herrero A., 2005, MNRAS 364, 899 26) Khangulyan D., Aharonian F., Bosch-Ramon V., 2008, MNRAS 383, 467 27) jklm > 2010, ]nop 103, 324 28) qrst 2010, ]nop 103, 366. 29) Takahashi T., et al., 2009, ApJ 697, 592 30) Chernyakova M., Neronov A., Walter R., 2006, MNRAS 372, 1585 31) Tavani M., et al., 2009, Nature 462, 620. Z[ \]9^_! X *78à MAXI 5 :!bTPQ&cdefg T.hi. ῎῍῏ῌ 1) Giacconi R., Gursky H., Paolini F. R., Rossi, B. B., 1962, Phys. Rev. Lett. 9, 439 2) Weekes T. C., 1988, Phys. Rep. 160, 1 3) O’Flaherty K. S., et al., 1992, ApJ 396, 674 4) Paredes J. M., Martı ´ J., Ribo ´ M., Massi M., 2000, Science 288, 2340 5) Kni#en D. A., et al., 1997, ApJ 486, 126 6) Mori M., et al., 1997, ApJ 476, 842 7) Aharonian F., et al., 2005, Science 309, 746 8) Aharonian F., et al., 2005, A&A 442, 1 9) Aharonian F., et al., 2006, A&A 460, 743 10) Albert J., et al., 2006, Science 312, 1771 11) Acciari V. A., et al., 2008, ApJ 679, 1427 12) Albert J., et al., 2009, ApJ 693, 303 13) Albert J., et al., 2007, ApJ 665, L51 14) Hinton J. A., et al., 2009, ApJ 690, L101 15) Mirabel I. F., 2006, Science 312, 1759 16) Tavani M., Arons J., Kaspi V. M., 994, ApJ 433, L37 17) Kaspi V. M., Tavani M., Nagase F., Hirayama M., Hoshino M., Aoki T., Kawai N., Arons J., 1995, ApJ 453, 424 18) Dubus G., Cerutti B., Henri G., 2008, A&A 477, 691 19) Sierpowska-Bartosik A., Torres, D. F., 2008, Astroparticle Physics 30, 239 20) Kishishita T., Tanaka T., Uchiyama Y., Takahashi T., 2009, ApJ 697, L1 21) Atwood W. B., et al., 2009, ApJ 697, 1071 22) Abdo A. A., et al., 2009, ApJ 706, L56. w 103 x. w7y. Gamma-Ray Emission from X-Ray Binaries Observed by the Fermi LAT Takaaki TANAKA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, MC 4060, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. Nobuyuki KAWAI Dept. of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2ῌ12ῌ1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152ῌ8551, Japan Hiromitsu TAKAHASHI Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University, 1ῌ3ῌ1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739ῌ8526, Japan Yasunobu UCHIYAMA Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, M/S 29, Menlo Park, CA 94025, U.S.A. on Behalf of the Fermi LAT Collaboration Abstract : The LAT data of TeV gamma-ray sources, LS 5039 and LS Iu61v303, revealed modulation of GeV gamma rays at their orbital periods and anti-correlation between GeV and TeV gamma-ray fluxes. Also, the LAT detected a source toward the direction of Cyg X-3 with periodic flux variation at its orbital period, which secured the association of the source with Cyg X-3. The LAT data provide a new probe to study particle acceleration and radiation mechanism in X-ray binaries.. 437.

(132)