Desi gn ofDet onat or Pl ant

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Desi gn ofDet onat or Pl ant

Par t I I . Tenement ･ Room St r uct ur eofBl ow･ 〇utType

Ts u g ioSa wa da *

I. I nt r o Jt L C t i o t L

Fom e r l y ,f a c t or i e so Ee xp l o s i v e sha dma iJ l 1 1 ya dop t e dama nua lS y s t e m , Whi c h, a f t e r t he S e c on d Wor l d Wa r ･ d e v e l op e d i nt o me c ha ni 之 a t i onors e mi ･ a ut o ma t i ona n di l lt he l a s tf e w y e ar ss t e pp e douti nt o t he wa y t o aut oma t i on. I n f a c t or i e s o f de t ona t O r S a t e ne me nt ･ r oor nS t r uc t ur e( a d j o i ni ngr oo ms t r uC ･ t 也r e )ofbl ow･ outt y p e

a ss howni nFi g.

1 ,ha sbe e na do pt e d.

I nt hi se xp e r i me nt ,amo d e lofa bou tone ･ t e nt h o Et her e a ls i z eWa st e S t e dt oobt a i n a s t a nda r d t e ne me nt ･ r oo m o E bl o w･ o utt y pe whi c h ha d o pe r a t i o na ls hi e l d sa nd aba 汀i c a d e .A n da na s p e c to fs y m pa t he t i cde t ona ･ t l OnWa sS t udi e dbyahi g h･ s p e e dc a me r a･

刀.

Co nc l t L 8 i o n8

1 . Topr e v e ntt hes ympa 山e t i cde t ona t i on t o t he a d j o i ni ng r oo m , t he c on s t r uc t i on s hou ld a dor d a n e xp a n s i onoEs ho c kwa v

pr o du c e dbya ni ni t i a ls t a geoEe xp l o s i o n.

A bl ow･ ot l tt y pew it ho uta no v e r he a dop e r a ‑ t i ona ls hi e l da ndaha t Lbl ow･ outt y p ew it h a n ov e r he a do p e r a t i ona ls hi e l d,whos ehor i z i O nt a 1 1 e ng t h i sa ha l foft her oom de p t h, ha v e f e we rpo s s i bi l i

i

s oEs y m pa t he t i cde t ona t i o J l t

ha n a c l o s e dt y p ew it h a no v e r he a dop e r a ･ t i ona ls hi e l dofL ul lho r iz ont a ll e n g t h.

A l o ng e rdi s t a nc ef r o m 血er oo m e d get o t

heba r r ic a d e r e ht e st o al e s spo s s i bi l i t yo E Re c e i y e dJ u l y2 ) ,) 9 6 7

*Ni b u n oFa c t o r y ,Ni p p o nKz L y a k uCo . ,Lt d . , To y o t o mi ,Hi me j iCi t y

Vol.28.No.3.1%7

S y m pa t he t i cde t ona t i on.I nt hec a s eofme r c ur y f ul mi na t et hedi s t a nc ee E E e c ti sr e mar ka bl e .

2. Di a ヱ O di ni t r op he nol ( DDNP) i s mor e l i a bl et oi n duc eas y mpa t he t i cde t on a t i ont ha n do e sme r c ur yf ul mi na t e.

3. DDNP' sl i a bi l i t yF ors y mpa t he t i c de t o ･ T I a t i on wa sa s c r i be d t o t he hi g h e xp l o s i on pr e s s ur e s ,t hebi gAa mea ndi t sl on gdur a t i on.

4.Thel owde n s i t y( 1 . 6 3) 2 〉ofDDNPma ke s i te a s yt os c a t t e rOrdi s p e r s eDDNPi na i rby bl a s twa v e s . The r e a f t e r ,i nt hedi s p e r s e dp ha s e t hei gn i t i o ns t a r t sa n dl e a dst od e t ona t i on.

I l l . ExJ ) e r iT r L e t t hl

Cons t r uc t i o n:The mo d e lt wo. r oom t e ne . me ntofbl ow･ Outt y peWZ L Sma de o fs t e e l pl a t

( 1 0 mm i nt hi c k ne s s ) , a ndwa sa bout one ･ l e nt hoft her e 且 ts i z e , i .e .3 3 0 mm i n f r ont a ge , 2 9 5 mm i nd e pt h a nd 3 3 5 mm i n he i ght .( Fi g.1 )

Theov e r he a dop e r a t i ona ls hi e l dwa sa t t a c h･

e dt oe a c hr oom a tt he po s i t i on of2 3 0mm i nhe i g htw it hv a r i ouss l a n t s ,0' , 1 5 t , e t c . a n di nhor i z ont a ll e ng t hsofl 1 5 mm a nd2 9 5 mm.Thec a s eOEnos hi e l dwa sa l s ot e s t e d.

Me t ho d:DDNP , me r c u

y f u l mi na t e or bl a c kpo wde r , wa spu ton a r ubbe rs he et whi c hc ov e r e dA ni r ons t and( 3 0mm i nwi dt h ,

11 0mm i nhe i ghta nd 1 5 0mm i n l e ngt h)i n e a c h r o o m.The s t 且nd wa s l o c a t e d a bout l O mm a p a r tf r om t he wa l t Th e di s t a n c e f r om t he r o om e d get o t heba r r i c a d ewa s v a r i e dt obe l O c m,2 0 c m,or3 0 c m. Ort he ba r r ic a dewa sA l s ot e S t e d.

( 231 ) ^{4 7}

Exp ] o s i v e ◎ : op e mt i ona ls hi e l d ⑳ : s t a n d ◎ :

t nr r i G a de Fi g 1 Th emod e lt wo･ r oo m t e n e me ntofb l ow･

o utt yp e TA t l l eI Cr i t i c a lc ha r ge st o i nduc e s ympa t he t i c de t

on a t i o na L t henod e hwo･ r oom t e ne ne utoEbl ow

･ o utt yp e.

or er hc ad

ope r z L t i on a t

s hi e l d Di e s d t a g nc ean et ( 妃t dba c m) We r e r ic nr ad oom e Donorc ( h a r ge +

g) DDNP i J=0. I =0. 4 5 7 7 6 4 2 9

5 0 noba 2 3 1 r 0 0 0 r i c a de 6 6 6 885 9 2 7 7 0 0 1 . 6

6 9 0. 5 9 9 2. 1 . 03 7 9 3 0 2 9 5 1 5 no b 2 3 1 0 0 0 4 5 7 85 5 l 7 0 O 0. 0. 0 . 7 91 85 7 9 6 5

ar r i c a d e 9 0 I . 09 7 nos hi

e l d no t nr 2 3 l O 0 0 r ic a d

e ( Ⅰ I 1 : 6 4 妻芋

蔓 r ^{日 l 揺 l . . 05 2 0 6 2} l l 5 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 I 5 8 9 l5 5 35 6 0 1 I I . . . 05 41 4 1 7 4 9 nO ba r r i c a de 3 7 I . 09 8

日5 1 5 nOb a 2 3 1 r 0 0 0 r ic a de 日 l 6 8 203 07 5 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 . . . . 0 31 3 1 9 6 3 8 0 9 7 noS hi e l d 2 3 l O 0 0 Ⅰ 8. 3. 9 . 8 2 35 8 0 5 3. I . . 05 23 3 5 4 5 3

no ba r r i c a de 1 0. 2 8 2. 63 2 Hg( ONC) Z

1 1 5 0 1 0 9. 07 4.1 4 5 2 0 1 75 0 7 .11 5 3 0 2 893 2. 06 2 no t 沌r r i c a d e 4 29 0 4.

3 0 7

1 0 2 1 9 6 61 6 4. 7 2 5

1 1 = 1 . 51 5 1 1 5 1 5 2 3 0 0 5 7 0 5 6. 1 . 9 2 9 5 6 7

The s a mpl ewA S点r e d b y a f u s ehe a d , a ndi twa sO bs e r v e dhow t hea d j oi ni ngr o om gotas y mpa t h e t i cde t ona t i o n.Cr it i c a lc ha r g e t o i ndu c e t h e s y mpa t he t i c de t ona t i o n wa s t de t e r m ine d A E t e rt hi r t y ･ t i mes u c c e s s i v e t e s t s byK･A･Br ownl e e ' supa nddo wnme t ho d.

Re s ul t s:t her c I a t i onsb e t we e nt hec r it i c a l c l mr g e ofs y m pt he t i c de t ona t i on a n d t he di s t a nc eOft heba r r i c a def r o mt her oom e dge a r es howni nTA b t e I .

( 1 ) The l e n gt h o Eo v e r he a d op e r a t i ona l S hi e ] d:t hebl ow･ outt y p ew it hOuta nov e r he a d op e r a t i o na ls hi e l dha sS l i g ht l y

e s st e nd e nc y t oi ndu c eas y m pa t he t i cde t ona t i ont ha ndo e s t

heha l fbl o w･ outt y pew il hano v e r he a do

a t i o na ls hi e l do fone ･ ha l Ehor iz ont a ll e t 1 g t h, a nds ho wsmor es t r iki n gt e n de n c yt opr e v e n t as y m pa t he dcde t on8 t i ont h& ndo c st hec l o s e d t y pew it ha no v e r he a d op e r a t i ona ls hi e l d o E f unhor i z ont a ll e ngt h ( 2 9 5 mm).

( 2 ) Sl a nt of t he ov e r he a d op e mt i ona l S hi e l d;t hedi uc r e nc ei nt hee f f e c tofs l a nto n pr e y e nt i n gaS y m pa t he t i cde t on a t i onc o ul dnot be f ound. Buts o

r a S C OnC e me d w i

DDNPt hes hi e l doEf i f t e e nde g r e es l a nts e e ms t ob emor eor

se He c t i v e i n pr e v e nt i nga s y mpa t he t i cde t ona t i ont ha ndo e st heho r iz on･

t a to v e r he a ds hi e l dwhe n山edi s t an

ebe t

e e n t

her oom e dg ea ndt heba r r ic a d ei Sl o ng.On t h e c ont r a r y , f or me r c ur y f ul mi na t e t he hor iz ont a lo v e r he a dop e r a t i ona l s hi e l d

t oha v ea ne qe c toEpr e v e nt i ngaS y m p a t he t i c de t on8 dont ha ndoe st hes hi e l da taS l a n tO f

GE

t e e nde g r e e s .

( 3 ) Thed i s t a nc ebe t we e nt her oo m e d ge a ndt heba r r i c a de:a s t hedi s t a nc eb e t we e n t h er oo m e dge & n d t heba r r i c a debe c o m

l ong e r ,t hepo s s i bi l

e soEs y m p a t he t i cde t ona ･ l i onbe c omeg e n e r a l l y E e we r . Bu tt hebl ow･

outt y p e wi t houta S hi e l d s howst he l e a s t po s s i bi l i t y whe n t he di s t a nc e b e t we e n t he r oo m e dg ea ndt he ba r r ic a de i s2 0 c m･ A s f orme r c ur y f ul m ina t e t he A bv e ‑ me nt i one d

Yol.2B.No.3.1IIT

di s t a n c ee He c twa sf ou ndr e mA r kA b ] e.I nt he c a s eOfDDNP

A=0. 4 7 6 )A not he rt e s tmo de l whi c hhdnoo v e r he a d o p e r a t i on a ls hi e l d , a n d who s eE r on t 8 g e WA Sdi r e c t l yc l o s e db y a na c r ylpl a t eg a V et hes a me c r it i c a lC ha r g e ( 8 ･ 8 8 g w it h ade v i a t i ono f 1. 9 2 5 g)A st ha t ( 8, 7 0 g wi t h a de v i a t i on o E 1 . 7 9 0 g) o ft he f our t hl i n ei nTa bl el ･Thi si se a s i l y un de r ･ s t o o d, be c a us e bo t h oEt he mo de l s ha v e a l mo s tt hes a mec on s t r uc t i one xc e ptt hed i r e ･ c t i onoEo p eni n g

( 4 ) Sa mpl e s:DDNP ha v i n g t he l o we r bu lkde t ui t

A=o･ 4 7 6 ) ha sS l i g ht l y f e we r po s s i bi l i t i e s oEs y m pa t he t i c de t on 8 t i or Lt ha T l t ha toEt hehj g h bu l kde ns i

A=0. 5 7 4 )h

Me r c ur y f ul m ina t eha sf e we rpo s s i bi t i t i

an dmor er e ma r ka bl ec

e c toEdi s t a n c ebe

e e n t

heba r r ic a dea n dt her oo m e dg et ha nDDNP h

G l m u la rbl a c k po wde r( a.P. )do e s no ti ndu c es ympa t he t i ce xpl o s i one v e nwhe n t

hec ha r gee x c e e ds 2 0 0 gl a ndt hec ha r gei n t

he a d j oi ni ng r oo m r e ma i ns unc ha nge d.

( Gr a nul a rbl a c kpo wde ri sc omp os e do E7 0%

po t z L S S i um ni t r a t e , 1 6% c ha r c oa la nd l O%

s ul phur . )

Me c ha ni s m ofs y m pa t he t i cde t ona t i on of DDNP w

s C o n s i d e r e

a Sf ol l o ws:DDNP pr o duc e dbl a s twa v epr

s s ur eme a s ur e db ya pi e 抑e l e c t r i cga ugeWi L Shi g he rt ha nt hA tOf me r c ur y E ul mi n8 t e ･ Si nc e t he

c s s u ∫ e i s ge ne r a l l yc on s i de r e

A S

a

s eOEs y m pa t he dc de t ona don,t heme as u r e dpr 鰯 u r eS e e mi n gl y s uppo r t st ha tDDNPi smor el i a bl et oi nduc e as y m pa t he t i cde t oni t i on t h8 n me r c u r y E u1 ‑ mi J 1 8 t e. Butt hedi qe r e n c eb e t we e nt he

t a J I C ee qe c toEDDNP a n d t h& tofme r c ur y f

u1 m iJ l A t eC a nnotbee xp hi ne dme r e l yb yt he t ne AS ur e dpr 也S ur

Thec aus eOEs y m pa t he t i c de t ona t i oni nt hi sc as eS hou ldb ec on s i de r e d d脚 he r e.

Thee xp l o s i o nhe a tOEDDNP ( 1 , 01 7. 1 c a l /

g)i sgr e a t e rt ha nt ha tofme r c ur yf ul m ina t e ( 4 0 8. 9 c A l / g) . Thee xp l o s i ont e mp e r a t ur eOf

( 288)

DDNPc dc u 1 8 t e dbyt hehy dr o dy n8 mi ct he o z y oEde t o nA t i onl )i Sl o we rt l mnt ha toE : me r c u L y f ul mi na t e. Me A n Whi l e , Y. Mi ヱ u S hi ma B ) me A S ur e dt het e mpe r a t ur e sOEe xpl o s i onnz L ne oLDDNP a nd me

c u r y F ul mi na t e b yme a n s oEt hes p c c t T t J ml i n er e v e r s a l me t ho dt ob e1 , 8

士7 0o K a nd 2 , 5 0 0 士2 0 00 K r e s pe c t i ve l y. S【 I t heDDNFsgr e a t e rt e n de nc yt o t he s y mp a ･ t he dede t ona t i onc a nT I Ot b ee x p l ai r l e db yt he di 仔e r e nc ei nt hee x pl o s i ont e mpe r a t ur

( 5 ) A s a mpl el oa d e di nas p he r ic a ls he l l ,

ma deo fc e l l op l mn eo ft we n t y m ic r on t hi c k w

it haE t uehe a di mt hec e nt r e ,wa ss us p e nd e d

50

a tt he c e nt r eO Ea woo de nE r a J neOEl

Thep ho t o gr a p h sa r eS ho wni nFi g.2. The Ar e aOft hedwl e Sme a s ur e db yapl a ni me t c q i sgi v e ni nFi g.3.Theme a na r e aOfDDNP 88 me i nc r e A S e s r e ma r k nbl y

S t hequ a n t i t y ofc l mr gei n c r e a s e s .Thear

ai sl a r g e rt hA n t ha tO Ebl a c kpo wde r , de E I a gr a t i onna meoE whi c h wa s E om e r l y c o ns i d e r e d t o b e t he l a r ge s tOEe x pl o s i v e且a m

Theme a na r e a 0Eme r c ur yf ul mi na t eda meb e c o me sl a r g ea s t

he c ha r g e i n c r e a s e s ,buti n a E a rs ma l l e r s c a l ec o mp a r e dt oDDNP.

Fi g ･2 Th es i z e

○ : ^DD

^{, ×:Hg( ONC) 2}

^{B. P.}

Fl g. 3 Th es i z eo ffume (6)The similarsa

mP l e

()) A一 t e ri m i t ' L A t i on, If r a me ( 0. 4 2 ms . )

(3) AE t c ri

i 血t i on,9 5E mt T I C S( 3 9.

6 ms . ) Thej u s ts t a t e pr e C e di r l g

i n whi c h DDN

Pont h es a mp ) cs t a nd b e gi ns t oe xp l od e .

(5) Af t e ri ni t i a t i on,1 1 3F r a me s( 4 7 .l ms . ) Ad j oi ni n gr ooms howsna xi mund a me .

(7) Al t e ri ni t i a t i ou,3 9 Of r a me s

(1 6 3 ms . ) Fhm

eo fa d j oi ni n gr oom di s a pp c nr s .

5 2 ( 286) (2

) AE t c ri ni t i a t i on,2 0E nmc s( 8. 4 ms . ) I ni t i a L i o n r oom s ho ws ma x i mum da me .

(4) Af t e r i ni 血I i on, E mme s( 4 0. O ms . ) DDNPont hes a mp l es t z L nd b e gi r L S

t oe xp ] od c . (6) Af t e ri ni t i z l t

i on,2 71f mme s(l l 3 ms . ) F] a meofi ni l i

a t i r L gr oom di s

p p c nr s . Fi g.5 1( a) Ko d a

kHi g h Sp e e dCa me n s how$

8 t2, 4 0 0F

r a me s / s e e . DDNP ( A=

0. 4 7 6 . l o g) de l on a t e s t he

()) Af t e ri ni t i a t i o n,2 l mme s ( 2 .l ms . )

I n i 血dn gr o oms ho wsl mX i mum 且 a me (2) Af t e r

i n i t i a t i o n,l o tE mme s( 4 5 . 8 ms . ) Th eJ ' u

9 tS t a t ep r e c e di n gt h eb e g in ni n g oEe xp l os i o ni na d j o i ni J l gr o om,Ac

r yl

p l a l ei n s t e a do Eb a T T i c a

火 工 品 工 場 の 危 険 工 壷 の 設 計

第 Ⅱ報 放燥式迎接危険工垂設定に関す るモヂル実験

沢 田 継 男

放燥式危険工壷の迎接基準を得るため,約 1 /1 0の 大きさの放燦式 2 迎接工童の小型モデルを迫 り , 1工 童が何らかの抑E Eで燦発した場合,隣接工塞が殉燦す るか否かを,屈扱方向の避脊板の有魚.長 さ,角度お よび工壷から土塊までの垂荘距港を変化させて検討 し た｡

1 . 辿技工畠の殉畑防止には,シ 9ツタ波,爆発波 の乱れが少ない上方向に避脊板のない 放 爆型,あるい は水平長で 釣 り2 の半放燥型の方が,全長の癒閉型の ものより殉畑 し是いようである.

2 . エ垂 と土岐との距隈も,同様な理由で距騰が大 きくなるほど殉燈 し軽 く,土塊のない無限大の場合が

54

虫 も殉熔し難いようである｡

なお舘こうでは,特にこの庫腔効果の鱒 がいちt =‑

るしい｡

3 . 曾こうは DDN P に比し殉煩 し位い｡

4 . DDN Pが常こうに比し殉燃 し易い番田として.

光政的に爆発圧カおよび爆発火炎が大きく,爆発火炎 の持続時間が長いことが挙げられることを確めた｡

5 . DDNP は雷 こ うに比し比茄が小さいので,爆 発によるシコ･ /ク波の伝播反射,爆発波の棚 収轟に よる2 次的な薬の移助 と爆発火炎の相互作用で殉燈をI 妨起 し易いことが考えられる｡

( 238) _{エ英火薬協会駐}