JAIST Repository: 海外の大学・研究機関の運営について ② : 事例調査 : カリフォルニア工科大学

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JAIST Repository

https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/ Title 海外の大学・研究機関の運営について ② : 事例調査 : カリフォルニア工科大学 Author(s) 依田, 達郎; 五十嵐, 美香; 川島, 啓 Citation 年次学術大会講演要旨集, 32: 723-726 Issue Date 2017-10-28

Type Conference Paper Text version publisher

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10119/14981

Rights

本著作物は研究・イノベーション学会の許可のもとに掲載するものです。This material is posted here with permission of the Japan Society for Research Policy and Innovation Management.

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㸰㹅㸰㸯

ᾏእࡢ኱Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡢ㐠Ⴀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ղ

஦౛ㄪᰝ㸸࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ

ۑ౫⏣㐩㑻㸦බ┈㈈ᅋἲேᮍ᮶ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ㸧1㸪 ஬༑ᔒ⨾㤶㸦ᰴᘧ఍♫᪥ᮏ⤒῭◊✲ᡤ㸧㸪ᕝᓥၨ㸦ᰴᘧ఍♫᪥ᮏ⤒῭◊✲ᡤ㸧 ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࡣᩍဨᩘ⣙300 ேࡢᑠつᶍࡢ⚾❧኱Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟㉁ࡢ㧗࠸◊✲άືࢆ ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊୡ⏺኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ᖖ࡟ୖ఩ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜࡢ௚ࡢୖ఩◊✲኱Ꮫ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡶ≉ ᚩⓗ࡞኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡃࡀᅜࡢ୺せ኱Ꮫࡀୡ⏺኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ⱞᡓࡍࡿ୰ࠊྠ኱Ꮫࡢ኱ Ꮫ㐠Ⴀࡢ஦౛ࡣཧ⪃࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸯㸬኱Ꮫࡢᴫせ

࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ㸦࢝ࣝࢸࢡ㸧㸦California Institute of Technology: Caltech㸧ࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ࢝ࣜࣇ

࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕞࣃࢧࢹࢼ࡟ᡤᅾࡍࡿ⚾❧኱Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1891 ᖺ࡟タ❧ࡉࢀࡓ Throop University ࡀ๓㌟࡛࠶ ࡾࠊᙜึࡣࠊᆅᇦࡢᢏ⾡⪅࣭ᢏ⬟⪅ࢆ㣴ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡜ࡋ࡚タ❧ࡉࢀࡓࡀࠊ1920 ᖺ࡟࢝ࣜࣇ ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ࡟ᨵྡࡉࢀࠊ◊✲኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚Ṍࡳࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ࡜࿨ྡࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࡀࠊఏ⤫ⓗ࡟ᇶ♏⛉Ꮫᚿྥࡀᙉ࠸኱Ꮫ࡛࠶ࡿ2_{ࠋ⛉Ꮫࠊᢏ⾡ศ㔝࡟ᙉࡳࢆᣢࡕࠊ་Ꮫ㒊ࠊࣅࢪࢿࢫࢫࢡ࣮} ࣝࠊ࣮ࣟࢫࢡ࣮ࣝࡣタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣࠊつᶍࡣᑠࡉ࠸㸦ᩍဨᩘࠊᏛ⏕ᩘ㸧ࡀࠊ◊✲ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟≉Ⰽࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ2016

ᖺ⌧ᅾࠊᩍဨ⣙300 ேࠊ◊✲ဨ⣙ 600 ேࡀᡤᒓࡋࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇࡣྜィ⣙ 3,900 ே㸦Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)㸦ࢪ࢙ࢵࢺ᥎㐍◊✲ᡤ㸧ࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧ࠊᏛ⏕ᩘࡣ⣙ 2,250 ே㸦Ꮫ㒊⣙ 1,000 ேࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⣙ 1,250 ே㸧࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋୡ⏺ࢺࢵࣉࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᩍဨࠊ◊✲⪅ࡀᑡᩘ⢭㗦࡛◊✲ᩍ⫱άືࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ࢝ࣝ ࢸࢡࡢᩍ⫱࡜༞ᴗ⏕ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊࣀ࣮࣋ࣝ㈹ཷ㈹⪅ࡣ 34 ேࠊ⡿ᅜᅜᐙ⛉Ꮫ࣓ࢲࣝ㸦National Medals of Science㸧ཷ㈹⪅ࡣ 58 ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋ3 2015 ᖺᗘࡢ཰ධࡣ⣙ 5 ൨ 9105 ୓ࢻࣝࠊᨭฟࡣ⣙ 6 ൨ 4155 ୓ࢻ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ㸦JPL ࢆ㝖ࡃ㸧4_ࠋ_{2015 ᖺ} ᗘࡢ◊✲ຓᡂ㔠ࡢཷ㡿㔠㢠ࡣྜィ⣙ 3 ൨ 200 ୓ࢻ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ㐃㑥ᨻᗓ࠿ࡽࡢຓᡂ㔠ࡣ 2 ൨

6763 ୓ࢻ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋ㐃㑥ᨻᗓᶵ㛵ࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊ⡿ᅜ⛉Ꮫ㈈ᅋ㸦National Science Foundation (NSF)㸧࡜

ᅜ❧⾨⏕◊✲ᡤ㸦National Institutes of Health (NIH)㸧࠿ࡽࡢ◊✲㈝ࡢ๭ྜࡀ኱ࡁ࠸5_{ࠋᏛ⏕ᩘࡀᑡ࡞}

࠸ࡢ࡛ᤵᴗᩱ཰ධࡢẚ⋡ࡣపࡃࠊ◊✲㈝཰ධࡢẚ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸࡜࠸࠺≉Ⰽࢆᣢࡘࠋ

1_{࣓࣮ࣝ࢔ࢻࣞࢫ㸸t.yoda at ifeng.or.jp 㸦at ࡣ@࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼࡚ୗࡉ࠸㸧}

2_{Goodstein, Judith R. (2006).}_{Millikan's School: A History of the California Institute of Technology}_{. W. W. Norton &}

Company.࡟≀⌮Ꮫ⪅࡛࠶ࡿࣟࣂ࣮ࢺ࣭࣑ࣜ࢝ࣥᩍᤵ㸦1923 ᖺ࡟ࣀ࣮࣋ࣝ㈹ཷ㈹㸧ࡢ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢඖ࡛ࠊ1920 ᖺࡢ ᨵྡᚋ࡟ᆅ᪉ࡢ࢝ࣞࢵࢪ࠿ࡽୡ⏺ⓗ࡞◊✲኱Ꮫ࡟Ⓨᒎࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࡀヲࡋࡃᥥ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᇶ♏⛉Ꮫࡢᩍ⫱࣭◊✲ࢆᇶ㍈࡜ ࡋ࡚ᕤᏛᩍ⫱ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᙜึ࠿ࡽ㔜どࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ

3_{Caltech. “Caltech at a Glance.”(URL: https://www.caltech.edu/content/caltech-glance)㸬ࡇࡢࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥࡣ ࠕᾏእࡢ}

኱Ꮫ࣭◊✲ᶵ㛵࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠᶵ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ մ: ஦౛ㄪᰝ: ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࠖ➨ 31 ᅇ◊✲࣭࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ Ꮫ఍ᖺḟ⥲఍ࠊ౫⏣㐩㑻㸪஬༑ᔒ⨾㤶㸪ᕝᓥၨ㸪኱➉⿱அ_{. 2016㸬ࡢグ㏙࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ᭦᪂ࡋࡓࠋ}

4_{California Institute of Technology.}_{Annual Report 2015}_{. P.22-23.}

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㸰㸬஦౛ㄪᰝࡢၥ㢟ព㆑

࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࡣࠊྛ✀ୡ⏺኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ࡣ᭱ୖ఩ࡢ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚ホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋTimes

Higher Education ♫࡟ࡼࡿୡ⏺኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ㸦World University Rankings㸧࡛ࡣࠊ⥲ྜᚓⅬ࡛ࡣࠊ 2012㹼2016 ᖺࡲ࡛ 5 ᖺ㐃⥆࡛ 1 ఩ࠊ2017 ᖺᗘࡣ 2 ఩ࠊ2018 ᖺᗘࡣ 3 ఩ࡔࡗࡓࠋᏛၥศ㔝ู㡰఩ࢆぢ

ࡿ࡜ࠊ2018 ᖺࡣࠊᕤᏛ࣭ᢏ⾡ศ㔝ࡣ 1 ఩ࠊ≀⌮⛉Ꮫศ㔝ࡣ 7 ఩ࠊ⏕࿨⛉Ꮫศ㔝ࡣ 6 ఩࡛࠶ࡾࠊホ౯㡯

┠ู࡛ࡣࠕㄽᩥᘬ⏝ࠖࠕ◊✲ࠖࡢⅬᩘࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗ࡃࠊ◊✲Ỉ‽ࡢ㧗ࡉࡀホ౯ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ6_ࠋ

௚᪉ࠊᡃࡀᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊୡ⏺኱Ꮫࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡬ࡢ㛵ᚰࡣ㧗࠸ࡀࠊᡃࡀᅜࡢ୺せ኱Ꮫ࡬ࡢホ౯ࡣపࡃࠊ Times Higher Education ♫ࡢࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ࡛ࡣࠊᮾி኱Ꮫࡣ 46 ఩ࠊி㒔኱Ꮫࡣ 74 ఩ࡔࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟኱Ꮫ ࡢᅜ㝿ᛶ࡜ㄽᩥࡢᘬ⏝ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢホ౯Ⅼᩘࡀ┦ᑐⓗ࡟ప࠸ࠋ㏆ᖺࡣࠊ኱Ꮫࡢᅜ㝿➇தຊࢆᙉ໬ࡍࡿࡓ ࡵ࡟ࠊࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ኱Ꮫ๰ᡂᨭ᥼஦ᴗ࡞࡝ࡢ኱ᆺࡢᅜࡢຓᡂࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ኱Ꮫࡢ ᅜ㝿ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⌧≧ࡀపỈ‽࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ௒ᚋ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡣྥୖࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠋᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊᡃ ࡀᅜࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࠾࠸࡚◊✲㠃࡛ࡢࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔ7_ࠋ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲࡋࡃぢࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࡞ࡐ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣ㧗࠸◊✲ᐇ⦼ࢆᣲࡆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ ᪥ᮏࡢ኱Ꮫ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢࣞࢵࢫࣥࡣ࠶ࡿ࠿ࠊ኱Ꮫࡢᅜ㝿➇தຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿୖ࡛᪥ᮏ࡛኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄗゎ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡞࡝ࡢⅬࢆ᥈ࡾࡓ࠸ࠋ 㸱㸬࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀࡢ≉ᚩ ௨ୖࡢၥ㢟ព㆑࡛஦౛ㄪᰝࢆᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ8_{ࠊ⌧ᆅㄪᰝ}9_{࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢヲ⣽ࡣࠊෆ㛶ᗓጤクㄪᰝ} ሗ࿌᭩㸦ᖹᡂ28 ᖺᗘෆ㛶ᗓጤクㄪᰝࠕ࢝ࣜࣇ࢛ࣝࢽ࢔ᕤ⛉኱ࠊIST ࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣜ࢔ࡢྲྀ⤌ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓ OIST ࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝࠖ㸪2017 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸬㸧࡟グ㏙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ≉࡟ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨1 ࡟ࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣᑠつᶍ㸦ᩍ ဨ300 ேつᶍ㸧࡛ࠊࣇࣛࢵࢺ࡞⤌⧊ᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟≉Ⰽࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࡀࠊࣉࣟ࣎ࢫࢺࠊ㒊㛛㛗ࠊᩍဨࡢ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆᑠࡉࡃࡋࠊ࣮࢜ࣉ࡛ࣥ⮬⏤࡞㆟ㄽࡸࡍࡤࡸࡃ኱⫹࡞ពᛮỴᐃࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣉࣟ࣎ࢫࢺࠊᏛ㛗➼ࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀᖿ㒊ࡢ௙஦ࡢ୰ᚰࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢᩍဨࡀ⮬⏤࡟๰㐀ⓗ࡞◊✲άືࢆᐇ᪋ ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ◊✲⎔ቃࢆసࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊᙉ࠸࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࢆⓎ᥹ࡋࠊࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥࡢᡓ␎ࢆసࡾࠊᩍ ဨ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ ➨2 ࡟ࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ࡣⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡀࣜࢫࢡࡢ㧗࠸◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ⎔ቃࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ ࡣ࢔ࣥࣅࢩࣕࢫ࡞ክࢆᣢࡘඃ⚽࡞ᩍဨࡸᏛ⏕ࢆ㑅ࡾࡍࡄࡾࠊៅ㔜࡟ேࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᥇⏝ࡉࢀࡓⱝᡭ

6_{Times Higher Education. World University Rankings. <https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-universit}

y-rankings/california-institute-technology#ranking-dataset/589595> ࡲࡓࠊୖᾏ஺㏻኱Ꮫࡢୡ⏺኱ᏛᏛ⾡ࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢ㸦_{2016 ᖺ㸧࡛ࡣ⥲ྜ࡛➨ 8 ఩ࠊศ㔝ู㡰఩ࡣ⛉Ꮫศ㔝࡛ 6 ఩ࠊᕤᏛศ㔝} ࡛42 ఩ࠊࣛ࢖ࣇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫศ㔝࡛ 40 ఩ࡔࡗࡓࠋྠࣛࣥ࢟ࣥࢢࡣࣀ࣮࣋ࣝ㈹ᩘࠊNature ➼ࡢㄽᩥㄅ࡬ࡢᥖ㍕ᩘ࡞࡝ࡀ ᥇Ⅼ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣᑠつᶍ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ୙฼࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ <http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings/California-Institute-of-Technology.html> 7_{᪥ᮏࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨ㈝ࠊ◊✲⪅ᩘࡣୡ⏺➨ 3 ఩࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ㠃࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏࡢㄽᩥᩘࡣୡ⏺ 4 ఩ࠊὀ┠} ᗘࡢ㧗࠸ㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ➨_{9 ఩࡛పᅇഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࣭Ꮫ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࠕ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᣦᶆ 2017ࠖせ᪨㸧}

8_{ᩥ⊩࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊGoodstein, Judith R. (2006)ࡢ௚ࠊJanna Levin.}_{Black Hole Blues and Other Songs from}

Outer Space. 2016; David Oakes Woodbury. The glass giant of Palomar. 1939.࡞࡝ࠋ1892 ᖺ௨㝆ࡢẖᖺࡢ࢝ࣝࢸ ࢡ࣭࢝ࢱࣟࢢࡣ࢙࢘ࣈබ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ௚㸦<http://caltechcampuspubs.library.caltech.edu/view/publication/Caltech_Ca talog.html>㸧ࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࣭࢔࣮࢝࢖ࣈࢬ࡛ࡣ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ୺せ◊✲⪅ࡢ࣮࢜ࣛࣝࣄࢫࢺ࣮ࣜࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ㈨ᩱ➼ࡀබ㛤ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ<http://archives.caltech.edu/> 9_{⌧ᆅㄪᰝࡣࠊ2017 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 30 ᪥㹼2 ᭶ 1 ᪥࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀᖿ㒊㸦ࣂ࢖ࢫࣉࣟ࣎ࢫࢺࠊ⟶⌮ᢸᙜ๪Ꮫ㛗㸧ࠊ} ࡜࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢᩍᤵ3 ྡ௚࡟ヰࢆఛࡗࡓࠋ 2G21.pdf :2

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◊✲⪅࡟ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᢞ㈨ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊ᥇⏝6 ᖺᚋࡢࢸࢽࣗ࢔ᑂᰝ࡛ࢸࢽࣗ࢔ࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿẚ⋡ࡣ௚ࡢ◊✲኱Ꮫ ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸10_{ࠋⱝᡭ◊✲⪅ࡣ▷ᮇⓗᴗ⦼ࢆୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㧗࠸࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࡀᮇᚅ࡛} ࡁࡿࡀࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗࠸㞴ࡋ࠸◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐࡟⭜ࢆᤣ࠼࡚ྲྀ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ኱ࡁ࡞ᡂᯝࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢඃࢀࡓ◊✲⎔ቃ㸦ඃࢀࡓᩍဨ࡜኱ Ꮫ㝔⏕㸧ࡀ᭦࡟ඃࢀࡓ◊✲⪅ࢆᘬࡁᐤࡏࡿዲᚠ⎔ࠊྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴᏛၥศ㔝ࡢៅ㔜࡞㑅ᢥ࡜ඃࢀࡓ⬟ຊࢆᣢࡘ ᩍဨࡢ᥇⏝ࠊ཰ධ※ࡢከᵝ໬㸦≉࡟༞ᴗ⏕࣭㈨⏘ᐙ࠿ࡽࡢᐤ௜㔠཰ධ㸧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᑠつᶍ⤌⧊ࢆ⥔ ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᛮ᝿࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿࣅࢵࢢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࡟ࡣྲྀࡾ⤌ࡲ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ௚ᶵ 㛵࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡿ኱ࡁ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡬ࡢྲྀ⤌ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿ㸦LIGO ᐇ㦂᪋タࠊ30 ࣓࣮ࢺࣝኳᩥྎᘓタ➼㸧ࠋ ձ኱Ꮫࡢ⤌⧊ᩥ໬㸦࢝ࣝࢳ࣮ࣕ㸧 ᇶ♏ⓗ࣭᰿ᮏⓗ◊✲ࡢ㔜ど ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡀ㔜どࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊ㠉᪂ⓗ࡞ᇶ♏ⓗ◊✲ㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡀࠊ࣑ࣜ࢝ࣥᩍᤵ 㸦1920㹼1945 ᖺࡲ࡛Ꮫ㛗┦ᙜ⫋㸧௨᮶ࡢ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢᩥ໬࣭ఏ⤫࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ1921 ᖺ࡟⟇ᐃࡉࢀࡓ࢝ ࣝࢸࢡࡢᇶᮏⓗᩍ⫱࣏ࣜࢩ࣮ࡣ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡶ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࢺࢵ ࣉࣞ࣋ࣝࡢᩍဨࠊᏛ⏕ࡀ㞟ࡲࡾࠊ᫬࡟ࡣᏛၥศ㔝ࢆ㉸࠼࡚༠ຊࡋࠊᅔ㞴࡞◊✲ㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠋ ղ኱Ꮫ⤌⧊ࡢ≉ᚩ ◊✲኱Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚౛እⓗ࡟ᑠつᶍ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣࠊつᶍࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࡀࠊ◊✲ࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࡟≉Ⰽࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⡿ᅜࡢࢺࢵࣉ◊✲኱Ꮫ ࡢ୰࡛࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑠつᶍ኱Ꮫࡣ౛እⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋつᶍࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊᩍဨࡣ࠾஫࠸࡟㢦ぢ▱ࡾ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ 㒊㛛㛫ࡢቨࡣపࡃࠊᏛ㝿◊✲ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ճពᛮỴᐃࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ ࣇࣛࢵࢺ࡛࣮ࣜࣥ࡞㐠Ⴀయไ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡣࠊ㸴ࡘࡢᩍ⫱࣭◊✲ࡢ㒊㛛㸦Division㸧ࢆᣢࡘࠋᏛ㛗ࠊࣉࣟ࣎ࢫࢺࠊ㸴ேࡢ㒊㛛㛗ࡀ࣓ࣥ

ࣂ࣮࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿIACC㸦Institutional Academic Council㸧ࡀࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢᏛ⾡㠃࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭱㧗ពᛮỴ

ᐃᶵ㛵࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᩍဨࡢ᥇⏝➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭶࡟୍ᗘ᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚ᐇ㉁ⓗ࡞ᑂ㆟ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋIACC ࡟඲Ꮫࣞ࣋ࣝࡢㄪᩚᶵ⬟ࠊពᛮỴᐃᶒ㝈ࢆ㞟୰ࡉࡏࠊࣇࣛࢵࢺ࡛࣮ࣜࣥ࡞࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᩍဨࡢ⊂❧ᛶࡢ㧗ࡉ࡜⮬⏤⿢㔞ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ඲࡚ࡢᩍဨ㸦ຓᩍᤵࠊ෸ᩍᤵࠊᩍᤵࡢ⫋㝵࡟ࡣࡼࡽ࡞࠸11_{㸧ࡣ⊂❧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟} ࣮࢜ࢺࣀ࣑࣮㸦⮬⏤⿢㔞㸧ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥࡢ◊✲ᡓ␎࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ኱Ꮫ㐠Ⴀ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊಶࠎ ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢ⮬⏤࡛⊂❧ࡋࡓྲྀ⤌ࡀ࢝ࣝࢸࢡࡢ≉Ⰽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ մேࡢ᥇⏝ ࢺࢵࣉࣞ࣋ࣝࡢேᮦࡢ᥇⏝ ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ࡣඃࢀࡓேᮦࢆ⤠ࡗ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࠊ⮬⏤࡛Ꮫ㝿ⓗ࡞◊✲⎔ቃࡢୗ࡛ࠊᇶ♏ⓗ᰿ᮏⓗ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ ⤌ࡳࠊ㠉᪂ⓗ࡞◊✲ᡂᯝࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ࡣຓᩍᤵ㸦Assistant Professor㸧࡛᥇⏝ࡍࡿ᫬Ⅼ࡛ ࢸࢽࣗ࢔⋓ᚓࡢぢ㎸ࡳࡢ㧗࠸ே࡟⤠ࡗ࡚᥇⏝ࡍࡿࠋඃࢀࡓேᮦ㸦༤ኈᏛ⏕ྵࡴ㸧ࡢ᥇⏝ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫࡢホุ ࢆ㧗ࡵࠊ᭦࡞ࡿඃࢀࡓேᮦࡢ⋓ᚓ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࠋ 10_{Ꮫၥศ㔝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶ␗࡞ࡿ࡜ࡳࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗᚓࡽࢀࡓ᝟ሗ࡛ࡣࠊ࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ࡣ㸴㹼㸶๭⛬ᗘࡀࢸࢽࣗ࢔} ࢆྲྀࡿࡀࠊࣁ࣮ࣂ࣮ࢻ኱Ꮫ࡛ࡣࡑࢀࡼࡾࡶ࠿࡞ࡾప࠸࡜ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 11_{࢝ࣝࢸࢡ࡛ࡣຓᩍᤵࡀࢸࢽࣗ࢔ࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ෸ᩍᤵ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡍࡄ࡟ᩍᤵ࡟᪼㐍ࡍࡿࡢࡀ㏻౛࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩍᤵ࡬ࡢ᪼} 㐍ᑂᰝࡢᡭ㛫ࢆ┬ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᐇ㝿ⓗ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᩍဨࡣⓙྠ➼࡟⊂❧ࡋࡓ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ㄆ㆑ ࡶ⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ࡳࡽࢀࡿࠋ

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