⇔やゲΑ⌒グｚル ∃る∠Α∇ゲ∠ホ あモ⊥ミ ヴ⌒プ ゅ∠レ∇ん∠バ∠ら∠ャ ゅ∠レ∇ゃ⌒セ ∇ヲ∠ャ∠ヱぴ
⌒ノ⌒ト⊥ゎ ∠Κ∠プ
-⇔やゲΒら∠ミ ⇔やキゅ∠ヰ⌒ィ ⌒ヮ⌒よ ∇ユ⊥ワ∇ギ⌒ヰ⇒∠ィ∠ヱ ∠リΑ⌒ゲ⌒ヘ⇒∠ム∇ャや ン⌒グｚャや ∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱ
-∀ァゅ∠ィ⊥ぺ ∀ウ∇ヤ⌒ョ や∠グ⇒∠ワ∠ヱ ∀れや∠ゲ⊥プ ∀ゆ∇グ∠ハ や∠グ⇒∠ワ ⌒リ∇Α∠ゲ∇エ∠ら∇ャや ∠ァ∠ゲ∠ョ ケヲ⊥イ∇エｚョ ⇔やゲ∇イ⌒ェ∠ヱ ⇔ゅカ∠コ∇ゲ∠よ ゅ∠ヨ⊥ヰ∠レ∇Β∠よ ∠モ∠バ∠ィ∠ヱ
⇔や
∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱ
-⇔やゲ∇ヰ⌒タ∠ヱ ⇔ゅら∠ジ∠ル ⊥ヮ∠ヤ∠バ∠イ∠プ ⇔やゲ∠ゼ∠よ ⌒￢べ∠ヨ∇ャや ∠リ⌒ョ ∠ペ∠ヤ∠カ ン⌒グｚャや び ⇔やゲΑ⌒ギ∠ホ ∠マぁよ∠ケ ∠ラゅ∠ミ∠ヱ
(51. And had We willed, We would have raised a warner in every t own.) (52. So obey not t he disbelievers, but st rive against t hem wit h t he ut most endeavor wit h it .) (53. And it is He Who has let free t he t wo seas, t his is palat able and sweet , and t hat is salt y and bit t er; and He has set a barrier and a complet e part it ion bet ween t hem.) (54. And it is He Who has creat ed man from wat er, and has appoint ed for him kindred by blood, and kindred by marriage. And your Lord is Ever All-Powerful t o do what He wills.)
The universality of the Prophet's Message, how He was supported in
(t hat you may warn t he Mot her of t he Towns and all around it ) (42:7).
びゅ⇔バΒ⌒ヨ∠ィ ∇ユ⊥ム∇Β∠ャ⌒ま ⌒ヮｚヤャや ⊥メヲ⊥シ∠ケ ヴあル⌒ま ⊥サゅｚレャや ゅ∠ヰぁΑ∠ほ∠Α ∇モ⊥ホぴ
(Say: "O mankind! Verily, I am sent t o you all as t he Messenger of Allah...'') (7:158). In t he Two Sahihs (it is report ed t hat t he Prophet said:)
キ∠ヲ∇シ∠ほ∇ャや∠ヱ ⌒ゲ∠ヨ∇ェ∠ほ∇ャや ヴ∠ャ⌒ま ⊥ろ∇ん⌒バ⊥よ
»
«
(I have been sent t o t he red and t he black. ) And:
ｚタゅ∠カ ⌒ヮ⌒ョ∇ヲ∠ホ ヴ∠ャ⌒ま ⊥ゑ∠バ∇ら⊥Α ぁヶ⌒らｚレャや ∠ラゅ∠ミ∠ヱ
»
⊥ろ∇ん⌒バ⊥よ∠ヱ ∩⇔る
るｚョゅ∠ハ ⌒サゅｚレャや ヴ∠ャ⌒ま
«
(...A Prophet would be sent t o his own people, but I have been sent t o all of mankind.) Allah says:
び⌒ヮ⌒よ ∇ユ⊥ワ∇ギ⌒ヰ⇒∠ィ∠ヱ ∠リΑ⌒ゲ⌒ヘ⇒∠ム∇ャや ⌒ノ⌒ト⊥ゎ ∠Κ∠プぴ
(So obey not t he disbelievers, but st rive hard against t hem wit h it .) meaning, wit h t he Qur'an.
This was t he view of Ibn ` Abbas.
び⇔やゲΒら∠ミ ⇔やキゅ∠ヰ⌒ィぴ
(wit h t he ut most endeavour.) This is like t he Ayah,
び∠リΒ⌒ボ⌒ヘ⇒∠レ⊥ヨ∇ャや∠ヱ ∠ゲ⇒ｚヘ⊥ム∇ャや ⌒ギ⌒ヰ⇒∠ィ ぁヴ⌒らｚレャや ゅ∠ヰぁΑ∠ほ∠Αぴ
(O Prophet ! St rive hard against t he disbelievers and t he hypocrit es,) (9:73)
∀れや∠ゲ⊥プ ∀ゆ∇グ∠ハ や∠グ⇒∠ワ ⌒リ∇Α∠ゲ∇エ∠ら∇ャや ∠ァ∠ゲ∠ョ ン⌒グｚャや ∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱぴ び∀ァゅ∠ィ⊥ぺ ∀ウ∇ヤ⌒ョ や∠グ⇒∠ワ∠ヱ
(And it is He Who has let free t he t wo seas, t his is palat able and sweet , and t hat is salt y and bit t er;) means, He has creat ed t he t wo kinds of wat er, sweet and salt y. The sweet wat er is like t hat in rivers, springs and wells, which is fresh, sweet , palat able wat er. This was t he view of Ibn Jurayj and of Ibn Jarir, and t his is t he meaning wit hout a doubt , for nowhere in creat ion is t here a sea which is fresh and sweet . Allah has t old us about realit y so t hat His servant s may realize His blessings t o t hem and give t hanks t o Him. The sweet wat er is t hat which flows
amidst people. Allah has port ioned it out among His creat ures according t o t heir needs; rivers and springs in every land, according t o what t hey need for t hemselves and t heir lands.
び∀ァゅ∠ィ⊥ぺ ∀ウ∇ヤ⌒ョ や∠グ⇒∠ワ∠ヱぴ
(and t hat is salt y and bit t er;) meaning t hat it is salt y, bit t er and not easy t o swallow. This is like t he seas t hat are known in t he east and t he west , t he At lant ic Ocean and t he St rait s t hat lead t o it , t he Red Sea, t he Arabian Sea, t he Persian Gulf, t he China Sea, t he Indian Ocean, t he Medit erranean Sea, t he Black Sea and so on, all t he seas t hat are st able and do not flow, but t hey swell and surge in t he wint er and when t he winds are st rong, and t hey have t ides t hat ebb and flow. At t he beginning of each mont h t he t ides ebb and flood, and when t he mont h st art s t o wane t hey ret reat unt il t hey go back t o where t hey st art ed. When t he crescent of t he following mont h appears, t he t ide begins t o ebb again unt il t he fourt eent h of t he mont h, t hen it decreases. Allah, may He be glorified, t he One Whose power is absolut e, has set t hese laws in mot ion, so all of t hese seas are st at ionary, and He has made t heir wat er salt y lest t he air t urn put rid because of t hem and t he whole eart h t urn rot t en as a result , and lest t he eart h spoil because of t he animals dying on it . Because it s wat er is salt y, it s air is healt hy and it s dead are good (t o eat ), hence when t he Messenger of Allah was asked whet her sea wat er can be used for Wudu', he said:
ヮ⊥わ∠わ∇Β∠ョ ぁモ⌒エ∇ャや ∩⊥ロ⊥ぼゅ∠ョ ⊥ケヲ⊥ヰｚトャや ∠ヲ⊥ワ
»
«
(It s wat er is pure and it s dead are lawful.) This was recorded by Malik, Ash-Shafi` i and Ahmad, and by t he scholars of Sunan wit h a good ぴJayyidび chain of narrat ion.
び⇔やゲ∇イ⌒ェ∠ヱ ⇔ゅカ∠コ∇ゲ∠よ ゅ∠ヨ⊥ヰ∠レ∇Β∠よ ∠モ∠バ∠ィ∠ヱぴ
(and He has set a barrier and a complet e part it ion bet ween t hem. ) meaning, bet ween t he sweet wat er and t he salt wat er.
び⇔ゅカ∠コ∇ゲ∠よぴ
(a barrier) means a part it ion, which is dry land.
び⇔やケヲ⊥イ∇エｚョ ⇔やゲ∇イ⌒ェ∠ヱぴ
(and a complet e part it ion) means, a barrier, t o prevent one of t hem from reaching t he ot her.
This is like t he Ayat :
⌒ラゅ∠Β⌒ボ∠わ∇ヤ∠Α ⌒リ∇Α∠ゲ∇エ∠ら∇ャや ∠ァ∠ゲ∠ョぴ
⌒ラゅ∠Β⌒ピ∇ら∠Α ｚΙ ∀ォ∠コ∇ゲ∠よ ゅ∠ヨ⊥ヰ∠レ∇Β∠よ
-∠ケ ⌒￢Ιや∠￢ あン∠ほ⌒ら∠プ び ⌒ラゅ∠よあグ∠ム⊥ゎ ゅ∠ヨ⊥ムあよ
(He has let loose t he t wo seas meet ing t oget her. Bet ween t hem is a barrier which none of t hem can t ransgress. Then which of t he blessings of your Lord will you bot h deny) (55:19-21)
∠Κ⌒カ ∠モ∠バ∠ィ∠ヱ ⇔やケや∠ゲ∠ホ ∠チ∇ケｘΙや ∠モ∠バ∠ィ リｚョ∠ぺぴ
⇔やケゅ∠ヰ∇ル∠ぺ べ∠ヰ∠ャ
⇔やゴ⌒ィゅ∠ェ ⌒リ∇Α∠ゲ∇エ∠ら∇ャや ∠リ∇Β∠よ ∠モ∠バ∠ィ∠ヱ ∠ヴ⌒シや∠ヱ∠ケ ゅ∠ヰ∠ャ ∠モ∠バ∠ィ∠ヱ び ∠ラヲ⊥ヨ∠ヤ∇バ∠Α ∠Ι ∇ユ⊥ワ⊥ゲ∠ん∇ミ∠ぺ ∇モ∠よ ⌒ぶや ∠ノｚョ ∀ヮ⇒ャ⌒￢∠ぺ
(Is not He Who has made t he eart h as a fixed abode, and has placed rivers in it s midst , and placed firm mount ains t herein, and set a barrier bet ween t he t wo seas Is t here any god wit h Allah Nay, but most of t hem know not !) (27:61)
び⇔やゲ∠ゼ∠よ ⌒￢べ∠ヨ∇ャや ∠リ⌒ョ ∠ペ∠ヤ∠カ ン⌒グｚャや ∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱぴ
(And it is He Who has creat ed man from wat er,) means, He creat ed man from a weak Nut fah, t hen gave him shape and formed him, and complet ed his form, male and female, as He willed.
び⇔やゲ∇ヰ⌒タ∠ヱ ⇔ゅら∠ジ∠ル ⊥ヮ∠ヤ∠バ∠イ∠プぴ
(and has appoint ed for him kindred by blood, and kindred by marriage.) in t he beginning, he is someone's child, t hen he get s married and becomes a son-in-law, t hen he himself has sons-in-law and ot her relat ives t hrough marriage. All of t his comes from a despised liquid, Allah says:
び⇔やゲΑ⌒ギ∠ホ ∠マぁよ∠ケ ∠ラゅ∠ミ∠ヱぴ
(And your Lord is Ever All-Powerful t o do what He wills.)
⊥キ リ⌒ョ ∠ラヱ⊥ギ⊥ら∇バ∠Α∠ヱぴ
∠Ι∠ヱ ∇ユ⊥ヰ⊥バ∠ヘレ∠Α ∠Ι ゅ∠ョ ⌒ヮｚヤャや ⌒ラヱ
⇔やゲΒ⌒ヰ∠ニ ⌒ヮあよ∠ケ ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ ⊥ゲ⌒ヘ⇒∠ム∇ャや ∠ラゅ∠ミ∠ヱ ∇ユ⊥ワぁゲ⊥ツ∠Α べ∠ョ∠ヱ
-⇔やゲΑ⌒グ∠ル∠ヱ ⇔やゲあゼ∠ら⊥ョ ｚΙ⌒ま ∠マ⇒∠レ∇ヤ∠シ∇ケ∠ぺ
⌒ヮ∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ ∇ユ⊥ム⊥ャ∠ほ∇シ∠ぺ べ∠ョ ∇モ⊥ホ
-⇔ΚΒ⌒ら∠シ ⌒ヮあよ∠ケ ヴ∠ャ⌒ま ∠グ⌒ガｚわ∠Α ラ∠ぺ ∠￢べ∠セ リ∠ョ ｚΙ⌒ま ∃ゲ∇ィ∠ぺ ∇リ⌒ョ
-
∇モｚミ∠ヲ∠ゎ∠ヱ⌒ロ⌒ギ∇ヨ∠エ⌒よ ∇ウあら∠シ∠ヱ ⊥れヲ⊥ヨ∠Α ∠Ι ン⌒グｚャや あヴ∠エ∇ャや ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ
⇔やゲΒ⌒ら∠カ ⌒ロ⌒キゅ∠ら⌒ハ ⌒ゆヲ⊥ル⊥グ⌒よ ⌒ヮ⌒よ ヴ∠ヘ∠ミ∠ヱ
∠ペ∠ヤ∠カ ン⌒グｚャや
-ｚユ⊥を ∃ュゅｚΑ∠ぺ ⌒るｚわ⌒シ ヴ⌒プ ゅ∠ヨ⊥ヰ∠レ∇Β∠よ ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ ∠チ∇ケｘΙや∠ヱ ⌒れ∠ヲ⇒∠ヨｚジャや
⇔やゲΒ⌒ら∠カ ⌒ヮ⌒よ ∇メ∠ほ∇シゅ∠プ ⊥リ⇒∠ヨ∇ェｚゲャや ⌒ス∇ゲ∠バ∇ャや ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ ン∠ヲ∠わ∇シや
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や∠ク⌒ま∠ヱゅ∠ョ∠ヱ ∇やヲ⊥ャゅ∠ホ ⌒リ⇒∠ヨ∇ェｚゲヤ⌒ャ ∇やヱ⊥ギ⊥イ∇シや ⊥ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ ∠モΒ⌒ホ
び ⇔やケヲ⊥ヘ⊥ル ∇ユ⊥ワ∠キや∠コ∠ヱ ゅ∠ル⊥ゲ⊥ョ∇ほ∠ゎ ゅ∠ヨ⌒ャ ⊥ギ⊥イ∇ジ∠ル∠ぺ ⊥リ⇒∠ヨ∇ェｚゲャや
(55. And t hey worship besides Allah, t hat which can neit her profit t hem nor harm t hem; and t he disbeliever is ever a helper against his Lord.) (56. And We have sent you only as a bearer of good news and a warner.) (57. Say: "No reward do I ask of you for t his, save t hat whosoever wills may t ake a pat h t o his Lord.'') (58. And put your t rust in t he Ever Living One Who dies not , and glorify His praises, and sufficient is He as t he All-Knower of t he sins of His servant s,) (59.
Who creat ed t he heavens and t he eart h and all t hat is bet ween t hem in six Days. Then He rose over (Ist awa) t he Throne. The Most Gracious! Ask Him, as He is t he All-Knower.) (60. And when it is said t o t hem: "Prost rat e yourselves t o Ar-Rahman!'' They say: "And what is Ar-Rahman Shall we fall down in prost rat ion t o t hat which you command us'' And it increases in t hem only aversion.)