Chapter 4 Verification of PDSC intelligent envelope system applied to detached house
4.3 Field measurement of demonstration houses
4.3.3 Summer mode results without cooling
Figures 4.16–4.22 show the temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity of the roof ventilation layer, attic, each room, and bathroom of Buildings A and B on July 25, 26, and 27 in 2019.
Figure 4.16 shows that the roof ventilation layer temperature of Building A is lower than that of Building B. This is because indoor air is discharged by Fan A through the roof ventilation layer during the daytime in Building A. The absolute humidity of the roof ventilation layer of Building A displays a stable value with variation less than that for Building B. During the daytime, moisture is desorbed from the fibrous insulation to the roof ventilation layer owing to solar radiation heat. This increases the absolute humidity of the roof ventilation layer. However, in Building A, the increase in absolute humidity is smaller because indoor air is discharged outdoors through the roof ventilation layer. Thereby, the absolute humidity values of the LDK and roof ventilation layer becomes almost equal. At night, the fibrous insulation adsorbs moisture owing to the decrease in the outside air temperature. However, Building A exhibits absolute humidity values similar to that of the indoor air because the indoor air circulates through the roof ventilation layer. In the case of Building B, where the outdoor air passes through the roof ventilation layer, the moisture in the roof ventilation layer is adsorbed into the insulation owing to the decrease in the outdoor air temperature. Thereby, the absolute humidity is decreased.
Figure 4.17 shows that the attic temperature of Building A is lower than that of Building B by approximately 1 ℃. This is because the roof ventilation layer air cooled by radiative cooling is returned to the room during the night mode (Fan B operation). The absolute humidity of both the buildings fluctuates owing to the moisture desorption by the temperature increase during the daytime and the moisture adsorption by the temperature decrease during the nighttime. However, the relative humidity of Building A is more stable than that of Building B. This is because of the dehumidification effect during the daytime and the equilibrium process between the roof and interior space at night.
Building A exhibits lower temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity in the living spaces (LDK, Room 1, Room 2, Room 3, and bathroom; (Fig. 4.18–22)) owing to the radiation cooling and dehumidification effect. Because the air in the roof ventilation layer is exhausted by Fan A, the difference in absolute humidity between Buildings A and B develops gradually. At night, because Fan B is activated by the decrease in temperature of the roof ventilation layer and moisture absorption of the insulation is promoted, the difference in absolute humidity between Building A and Building B is larger. The temperatures of Building A are decreased by approximately 1 ℃ owing to
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the radiative cooling effect when the night mode is activated. The difference in relative humidity is approximately 2–5%, and that in absolute humidity is approximately 0.7 g/kg owing to dehumidification by the moisture exhaust during the daytime. In addition, the difference at night was up to 9% relative humidity and 2.6 g/kg absolute humidity owing to dehumidification effect caused by moisture adsorption. Thus, the dehumidification effect of PDSC system was verified. In particular, because the outlets of Fan B and Fan C are located on the ceiling of the second floor, the spaces on the LDK and Room 3 on the second floor achieve higher effects.
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Figure 4.16. Comparison of temperature and humidity of roof ventilation layer in summer mode
(without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
0 10 20 30 40
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Tim e
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Ventilation layer Absolute humidity Building B_ Ventilation layer Absolute humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature
Building A_Roof ventilation layer temperature Building B_Roof ventilation layer temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
0 20 40 60 80 100
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity
Building A_Roof ventilation layer relative humidity Building B_Roof ventilation layer relative humidity
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Figure 4.17. Comparison of temperature and humidity of attic in summer mode (without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Attic Absolute humidity Building B_ Attic Absolute humidity 0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity Building A_Attic relative humidity Building B_Attic relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature Building A_Attic temperature Building B_Attic temperature
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Figure 4.18. Comparison of temperature and humidity of LDK in summer mode (without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity Building A_LDK relative humidity Building B_LDK relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature Building A_LDK temperature Building B_LDK temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ LDK absolute humidity Building B_ LDK absolute humidity
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Figure 4.19. Comparison of temperature and humidity of Room 1 in summer mode (without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature Building A_Room1_ temperature Building B_Room1_ temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity Building A_Room1 relative humidity Building B_Room1 relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Tim e
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Room1 absolute hum idity Building B_ Room1 absolute hum idity
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Figure 4.20. Comparison of temperature and humidity of Room 2 in summer mode
(without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature
Building A_Room2 temperature Building B_Room2 temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity Building A_Room2 relative humidity Building B_Room2 relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Room2 absolute hum idity Building B_ Room2 absolute hum idity
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Figure 4.21. Comparison of temperature and humidity of Room 3 in summer mode (without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature Building A_Room3_ temperature Building B_Room3 temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity Building A_Room3_ relative humidity Building B_Room3 relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Room3 absolute hum idity Building B_ Room3 absolute hum idity
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Figure 4.22. Comparison of temperature and humidity of bathroom in summer mode (without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
25 27 29 31 33 35
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air temperature
Building A_Bathroom temperature Building B_Bathroom temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relativehumidity[%]
Time
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air relative humidity
Building A_Bathroom relative humidity Building B_Bathroom relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
7/25 7/26 7/27
Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolutehumidity[g/kg']
Tim e
Fan A operation Fan B operation
Solar radiation Outside air absolute humidity
Building A_ Bathroom absolute hum idity Building B_ Bathroom absolute hum idity
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Figures 4.23–28 show measured values of temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity of the roof ventilation layer and interior spaces in July 2019. As a result of confirming long-term observations over a month, the results of the same trends as the three-day data in Fig. 4.16–22 described above can be verified. The temperature of Building A is 0.5–1° lower than that of building B owing to the effects of radiation cooling at night. Building A has 5–11% lower relative humidity and 1.3–2.8 g/kg lower absolute humidity than Building B. The daytime dehumidification using the moisture transmission of Building A is more effective at higher solar radiation owing to the larger water potential difference between the interior and the roof ventilation layer. In addition, the dehumidification effect at night owing to moisture adsorption was verified to be remarkable notwithstanding the marginal amount of solar radiation such as during rainy or cloudy weather. This is because the water capacity of the fibrous insulation is very large.
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Figure 4.23. Temperature and humidity of roof ventilation layer in July (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 20 30 40 50 60
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature[℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation
Building A_Roof ventilation layer temperature Building B_Roof ventilation layer temperature Outside air temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
0 20 40 60 80 100
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relative himidity[%]
Fan A Fan B
Solar radiation Building A_Roof ventilation layer relative humidity
Building B_Roof ventilation layer relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
5 10 15 20 25 30
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 全天日射量[W/m2]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation
Building A_ Ventilation layer Absolute humidity Building B_ Ventilation layer Absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
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Figure 4.24. Temperature and humidity of attic in July
(summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature[℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Attic temperature Building B_Attic temperature Outside air temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relative himidity[%]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation
Building A_Attic relative humidity Building B_Attic relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 12 14 16 18 20
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolute humidity[g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation
Building A_ Attic Absolute humidity Building B_ Attic Absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
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Figure 4.25. Temperature and humidity of LDK in July (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature[℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_LDK temperature Building B_LDK temperature Outside air temperature
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relative himidity [%]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_LDK relative humidity Building B_LDK relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 12 14 16 18 20
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolute humidity[g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_LDK absolute humidity Building B_LDK absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
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Figure 4.26. Temperature and humidity of Room 3 in July (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature [℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room3_ temperature Building B_Room3 temperature Outside air temperature
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relative himidity [%]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room3_ relative humidity Building B_Room3 relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 12 14 16 18 20
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolute humidity[g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room3 absolute humidity Building B_Room3 absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
Fan B rotational speed increase Start cooling
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Figure 4.27. Temperature and humidity of Room 1 in July
(summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Temperature[℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room1_ temperature Building B_Room1_ temperature Outside air temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Relative himidity [%]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room1 relative humidity Building B_Room1 relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 12 14 16 18 20
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 Solar radiation [W/m2]
Absolute humidity[g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room1 absolute humidity Building B_Room1 absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
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Figure 4.28. Temperature and humidity of Room 2 in July (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 500 1000 1500 2000
15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 全天日射量[W/m2]
温度[℃]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room2 temperature Building B_Room2 temperature Outside air temperature
0 500 1000 1500 2000
50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 全天日射量[W/m2]
相対湿度[%]
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation Building A_Room2 relative humidity Building B_Room2 relative humidity Outside air relative humidity
0 500 1000 1500 2000
10 12 14 16 18 20 22
7/1 7/2 7/3 7/4 7/5 7/6 7/7 7/8 7/9 7/10 7/11 7/12 7/13 7/14 7/15 7/16 7/17 7/18 7/19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/24 7/25 7/26 7/27 7/28 7/29 全天日射量[W/m2]
絶対湿度[g/kg']
Fan A Fan B Solar radiation
Building A_Room2 absolute humidity Building B_Room2 absolute humidity Outside air absolute humidity
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Figures 4.29–32 show the relative humidity distribution (1% intervals) of each indoor space (LDK, Room 3, Room 1, and Room 2) and the cumulative graphs of the relative humidity distribution from July 1 to 28, 2019. The cumulative graph indicates the ratio of data when the relative humidity value is higher than the relative humidity corresponding to the x-axis among the data within the period.
The distribution graph reveals that the distributions of relative humidity in Building A indicate a relative humidity distribution lower than those of Building B. In particular, in the case of LDK (Fig.4.
29(a)) and Room 3 (Fig.4. 30(a)), which are the main living spaces located on the second floor, the distribution occupies the highest ratio at 50–60% relative humidity. In the cumulative graph, and the difference of relative humidity about 5–9% is also confirmed. Moreover, in the cumulative graphs of LDK and Room 3(Fig.4. 29(b), Fig.4. 30(b)), the cumulative rate of more than 50% of the relative humidity indicates about 50% in Building A's LDK, while Building B is about 90%.
Figures 4.33 to 36 show the absolute humidity distribution (0.1 g/kg intervals) of each indoor space (LDK, Room 3, Room 1, Room 2) and the cumulative graphs of the absolute humidity distribution from July 1 to 28, 2019. The distribution graph of absolute humidity shows that the absolute humidity of Building A is lower than that of Building B, which is equivalent to the tendency of the distribution of relative humidity. The superior dehumidification effect of Building A (incorporated with the PDSC system) without air conditioning in July is identified.
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(a) (b)
Figure 4.29. Relative humidity of LDK in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
(a) (b)
Figure 4.30. Relative humidity of Room 3 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
20 40 60 80 100
Distribution[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_LDK Building B_LDK Outside air relative humidity
0 20 40 60 80 100
20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative rate[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_LDK Building B_LDK Outside air relative humidity
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
20 40 60 80 100
Distribution[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 3 Building B_Room 3 Outside air relative humidity
0 20 40 60 80 100
20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative rate[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 3 Building B_Room 3 Outside air relative humidity
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(a) (b)
Figure 4.31. Relative humidity of Room 1 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
(a) (b)
Figure 4.32. Relative humidity of Room 2 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
20 40 60 80 100
Distribution[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 1 Building B_Room 1 Outside air relative humidity
0 20 40 60 80 100
20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative rate[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 1 Building B_Room 1 Outside air relative humidity
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
20 40 60 80 100
Distribution[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 2 Building B_Room 2 Outside air relative humidity
0 20 40 60 80 100
20 40 60 80 100
Cumulative rate[%]
Relative humidity [%]
Building A_Room 2 Building B_Room 2 Outside air relative humidity
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(a) (b)
Figure 4.33. Absolute humidity of LDK in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
(a) (b)
Figure 4.34. Absolute humidity of Room 3 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Distribution [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_LDK Building B_LDK Outside air
0 20 40 60 80 100
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Cumulative rate [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_LDK Building B_LDK Outside air
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Distribution [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 3 Building B_Room 3 Outside air
0 20 40 60 80 100
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Cumulative rate [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 3 Building B_Room 3 Outside air
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(a) (b)
Figure 4.35. Absolute humidity of Room 1 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
(a) (b)
Figure 4.36. Absolute humidity of Room 2 in July: (a) distribution (b) time cumulative rate (summer mode, without air conditioning)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Distribution [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 1 Building B_Room 1 Outside air
0 20 40 60 80 100
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Cumulative rate [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 1 Building B_Room 1 Outside air
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Distribution [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 2 Building B_Room 2 Outside air
0 20 40 60 80 100
5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25
Cumulative rate [%]
Absolute humidity [g/kg']
Building A_Room 2 Building B_Room 2 Outside air
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