Directions towards the Future Works

Channel quality is an important factor in determining the reliable route in multi-hop communication, accurately. In addition, the more we know about the channel quality, the better we can predict which communication technique is most energy efficient and reliable. We are planning to apply HAPTE, using different available WSNs motes to verify its effectives and then use it in real life applications, which can operate in the error-prone network scenarios. Taking into account the relative lack of WSNs specific measurements, we are planning to carry out extensive channel measurements. After getting enough data from different error-prone network environments, proper channel quality selection method can show us which model to use. Integration of relevant channel estimation model which is based on cross-layer approach, such as HAPTE, in the development of higher layer protocols for routing and scheduling is vital if these are to be used efficiently and robustly under the large channel variations that WSNs can expect to encounter.

5.4. Implementation of the WSNs Based Smart Grid

In the broader prospective with the application point of view in the upcoming future, we are planning to collaborate toward applying WSNs in the smart grid. We are at the planning phase of formulating issues related with WSNs in the smart grid that may lead to the successful implantation of smart grid in the developing and energy deficient country like Pakistan which has huge potential for investment in regularizing the traditional old electric power generation and distribution systems.

Currently, developing countries are suffering from serious energy crisis, due to the electric power generation shortage, which is mainly due to the mismanagement of utilities at industrial and domestic level. This mismanagement has a direct and immediate impact on the power distribution. Smart grid implementation can save a lot of the management, capital, and distribution challenges that the local power distribution companies, are facing at the moment.

We are expecting that the implementation WSNs in smart grid can be beneficial in the following three ways:

 It will improve the overall service reliability and operational efficiency from the power generation to distribution to the end user.

 Implementing smart metering will reduce the man’s power and reduce if not eliminate the misuse and wastage of electricity.

 Without replacing the existing power system completely, it will update the existing physical power distribution infrastructure in a cost efficient way.

References

[1] J. Yick, B. Mukherjee, and D. Ghosal, “Wireless sensor network survey,” Computer Networks, Vol. 52, Issue 12, pp. 2292-2330, August 2008.

[2] I. Akyildiz, W. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, “Wireless sensor networks: a survey,” Computer Networks; vol. 38, issue 4, pp. 393–422, 2002.

[3] F. G. Hernandez, P. I. Gonzalez, and A. P. Diaz, “Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications: A Survey,” IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, vol. 7, issue 3, pp. 264-273, 2007.

[4] A. Reddy, P. Kumar, D. Janakiram, and G. Kumar, “Wireless sensor network operating systems: a survey,” Int. J. Sensor Networks, Vol. 5, issue 4, pp. 236-255, 2009.

[5] J. Ko, T. Gao, and A. Terzis, “Empirical Study of a Medical Sensor Application in an Urban Emergency Department,” In proceedings of International Conference in Body Area Networks, pp. 1–8, Los Angeles, CA, USA, April 2009.

[6] Libelium Technologies,

http://www.libelium.com/wireless_sensor_networks_to_control_radiation_levels _geiger_counters/ (Accessed online: 2011-11-29).

[7] Zigbee Alliance, http://www.zigbee.org/(Accessed online: 2011-11-29).

[8] IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPAN), 2006

http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html (Accessed online: 2011-11-29).

[9] M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Performance Evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Communications in Error-prone Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of ACM MOBIWAC 2011, Oct-Nov, 2011, Miami Beach, FL, USA.

[10] M. D. Francesco, G. Anastasi, M. Conti, S. K. Das, and V. Neri, “Reliability and Energy-efficiency in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee Sensor Networks: An Adaptive and Cross-layer Approach,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas IN Communications, Vol.

29, No. 8, Sept. 2011.

[11] J. Li, J. Shu, Z. Wu, and Y. Chen, “CCI-Based Link Quality Estimation Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks under Perceive Packet Loss,” Software, Vol. 5, pp. 387 – 395, April 2010.

[12] MICAz mote datasheet, available online at: http://www.xbow.com/Products/Product-pdf-files/Wireless pdf/MICAz Datasheet.pdf (Accessed online: 2011-11-29).

[13] Chipcon, CC2420 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15. 4/ZigBee-ready RF. Transceiver, Chipcon AS, Oslo, Norway, Vol. 4, 2004.

[14] D.S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris, “A High-Throughput Path Metric for Multi-Hop Wireless Routing,” in proceeding of the 9th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’03), September, 2003.

[15] R. Fonseca, O. Gnawali, K. Jamiesion and P. Levis. Four-Bit Wireless Link Estimation. In HotNets’07, Atlanta, GA, 2007.

[16] Y. Yanga, M. I. Fonoagea, and M. Cardei,“Improving Network Lifetime with

Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks,” Computer Communication, Vol. 33, pp. 409-419, Nov. 2010.

[17] Y. Zhuang, J. Pan, and L. Cai, “Minimizing Energy Consumption with

Probabilistic Distance Models in Wireless Sensor Networks,” Proc. IEEE INFOCOM’10, pp. 1 – 9, San Diego, CA, USA, March 2010.

[18] M. N. Halgamuge, M. Zukerman, and K. Ramamohanarao, “An Estimation of Sensor Energy Consumption,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 12, pp 259-295, 2009.

[19] S. Iyengar and R. Brooks, “Distributed Sensor Networks,” Chapman & Hall/CRC,

2005.

[20] V. Lesser, C. Ortiz, and M. Tambe, “Distributed Sensor Networks: A Multiagent Perspective,” Kluwer Academic Publishers, Vol. 9, May 2003.

[21] W. R. Heinzelman, A. P, Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, “Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks,” Proc. 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, USA, Jan. 2000.

[22] Q. Wang, M. Hempstead, and W. Yang, “A Realistic Power Consumption Model for Wireless Sensor Network Devices,” Proc IEEE SECON’06, pp. 286 – 295, Reston, VA, USA, Sept. 2006.

[23] W. R. Heinzelman, A. P, Chandrakasan, and H. Balakrishnan, “An Application Specific Protocol Architecture for Wireless Microsensor Networks, IEEE Trans.

Wireless Communications, Vol. 1, pp. 660 - 670 , Oct. 2002.

[24] S.D. Muruganathan, D.C.F. Ma, R. I. Bhasin, and A. O. Fapojuwo, “A centralized energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Radio Communications, Vol. 43, pp. s8 – 13, March 2005.

[25] J. Shin, M. Chin, and C. Kim, “Optimal Transmission Range for Topology Management in Wireless Sensor Networks,” LNCS 3961, pp. 177 – 185, 2006.

[26] J. Haapola, Z. Shelby, C. Paez, and P. Mahonen, “Cross-layer energy anaylsis of multihop wireless sensor networks,” Proc. EWSN, pp. 33-44, Istanbul, Turkey, Feb.

2005.

[27] H. Zhang and H. Shen, “Balancing Energy Consumption to Maximize Network Lifetime in Data-Gathering Sensor Networks,” IEEE Trans. On Parallel and Dist.

Systems, Vol. 20, pp. 1526 –1539, Oct. 2009.

[28] I. Amundson and X. Koutsoukos, “A Survey on Localization for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Proc. 2^nd Intl. Workshop on Mob. Entity Localization and Tracking, Orlando, Florida, Sept. 2009.

[29] M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “An Energy Estimation Model for Mobile Sensor Networks,” Proc. SENSORCOMM’10, pp. 507 – 512, Venice, Italy, July 2010.

[30] F. Zorzi, M. Stojanovic, and M. Zorzi, “ On the Effects of Node Density and Duty Cycle on Energy Efficiency in Underwater Networks,” Proc. IEEE

OCEANS’10, Sydney, May, 2010.

[31] K. Akkaya and M. Younis, “A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks,” Trans of Ad Hoc Networks Vol. 3, pp. 325–349, 2005.

[32] Castalia Simulator: http://castalia.npc.nicta.com.au. (online).

[33] J. Zhu and S. Papavassiliou, “On the energy-efficient organization and the lifetime of multi-hop sensor networks,” IEEE Comm. Letters, Vol. 7, pp. 537–539, Nov. 2003.

[34] M. J. Mille and N. H. Vaidya, “A mac protocol to reduce sensor network energy consumption using a wakeup radio,” IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, Vol. 4, No. 3, 228–242, May 2005.

[35] TinyOS Operating System, http://www.tinyos.net/ (Accessed online 2011-11-29).

[36] R. Govindan, D. Estrin, and C. Intanagonwiwat, “Directed diffusion: A scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks”

In proceedings of the Sixth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCOM '00), August 2000, Boston, Massachussetts.

[37] P. Park, P. D. Marco, P. Soldati, C. Fischione, K. H. Johansson, “A Generalized Markov Chain Model for Effective Analysis of Slotted IEEE 802.15.4,” Proc. IEEE MASS’09, pp. 130-139, Nov. 2009.

[38] M. J. Mille and N. H. Vaidya, “A mac protocol to reduce sensor network energy consumption using a wakeup radio,” IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, Vol. 4, No. 3, 228–242, May 2005.

[39] J. Zhu and S. Papavassiliou, “On the energy-efficient organization and the lifetime of multi-hop sensor networks,” IEEE Comm. Letters, Vol. 7, pp. 537–539, Nov. 2003.

[40] I. Stojmenovic and X. Lin, “Power-Aware Localized Routing in wireless Networks,” IEEE Trans. On Parallel and Distributed Systems. Vol. 12, pp. 1122 – 1133, Nov. 2001.

[41] S.D. Muruganathan, D.C.F. Ma, R. I. Bhasin, and A. O. Fapojuwo, “A centralized energy-efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Radio Communications, Vol. 43, pp. s8 – 13, March 2005.

[42] H. Zhang and H. Shen, “Balancing Energy Consumption to Maximize Network Lifetime in Data-Gathering Sensor Networks,” IEEE Trans. On Parallel and Dist.

Systems, Vol. 20, pp. 1526 – 1539, Oct. 2009.

[43] G. Lu, B. Krishnamachari, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC for low-rate low-power wireless networks,” Proc. IEEE IPCCC, 2004.

[44] J. Zheng and M. L. Lee, “A comprehensive performance study of IEEE 802.15.4,” in IEEE Press Book, 2004.

[45] S. Pollin, M. Ergen, S. C. Ergen, B. Bougard, L. V. D. Perre, F. Catthoor, I. Moerman, A. Bahai, and P. Varaiya, “Performance analysis of slotted carrier sense IEEE 802.15.4 medium access layer,” Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, pp. 1–6, 2006.

[46] P. K. Sahoo and J. P. Sheu, “Modeling IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor network with packet retry limits,” Proc. PE-WASUN, pp. 63–70, 2008.

[47] S. Pollin, M. Ergen, S. C. Ergen, B. Bougard, F. Catthoor, A. Bahai, and P. Varaiya,

“Performance analysis of slotted carrier sense IEEE 802.15.4 acknowledged uplink transmissions,” Proc. IEEE WCNC, pp. 1559–1564, 2008.

[48] M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “An Energy Estimation Model for Mobile Sensor Networks,” Proc. SENSORCOMM’10, pp. 507 – 512, Venice, Italy, July 2010.

[49] M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “A Realistic Communication Model For Distributed Error-prone Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Trans. on Communication, Vol.E94-B, No.10, pp.-, Oct. 2011.

[50] M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “A Realistic Communication Model For Distributed Error-prone Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Trans. on Communication, Vol.E94-B, No.10, pp. 2805-2816, Oct. 2011.

[51] M. Tariq, Z. Zhou, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Power Dissipation Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Trans. on Fundamental, Vol.E94-A, No.11, pp. 2279-2286, Nov. 2011.

[52] M. Tariq, A. K. Paul, Y. Li, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Analyzing Network Reliability in IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” 30th JSST International Conference, October 2011, Tokyo, Japan .

[53] M. Tariq, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Adaptive Hybrid Link Quality Estimation in IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks in Error-Prone Environment,” IEICE Trans. on Communication (Under review).

[54] M. D. Francesco, G. Anastasi, M. Conti, S. K. Das, and V. Neri, “Reliability and Energy-efficiency in IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee Sensor Networks: An Adaptive and Cross-layer Approach,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas In Communications, Vol. 29, No. 8, Sept. 2011

[55] D.S. J. D. Couto, D. Aguayo, J. Bicket, and R. Morris, “A High-Throughput Path Metric for Multi-Hop Wireless Routing,” in proceeding of the 9th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’03), September, 2003.

[56] R. Fonseca, O. Gnawali, K. Jamiesion and P. Levis. Four-Bit Wireless Link Estimation. In HotNets’07, Atlanta, GA, 2007.

[57] A. Woo, T. Tong, and D. Culler. Taming the Underlying Challenges of Reliable Multihop Routing in Sensor Networks. In SenSys’03, Los Angeles, CA, Nov. 2003.

[58] D. Lal, A. Manjeshwar, F. Herrmann, E. Uysal-Biyikoglu, A. Keshavarzian,

“Measurement and Characterization of Link Quality Metrics in Energy Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks,” in Proc. GLOBECOM’03, San Francisco, 2003.

[59] C. Renner, S. Enrst, C. Weyer, and V. Turau, “Prediction accuracy of link-quality estimators,” in Proc. of EWSN’11, pp 1-16, Bonn, Feb. 2011.

[60] C. K. Singh, A. Kumar, and P. M. Ameer, “Performance evaluation of an IEEE 802.15.4 sensor network with a star topology,” Wireless Networks, Vol.14, pp.543–

568, 2008.

[61] S. Pollin et al.,“Performance analysis of slotted carrier sense IEEE 802.15.4 medium access layer,” IEEE Trans. on Wireless Communications, Vol. 7, p. 3359–

3371, Sept. 2008.

[62] A. Koubaa, M. Alves, and E. Tovar, “A Comprehensive Simulation Study of Slotted CSMA/CA for IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of the 6th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS’06), Torino, Italy, June 2006.

[63] K. Leibnitz, N. Wakamiya, and M. Murata, “Modeling of IEEE in a Cluster of Synchronized Sensor Nodes,” in proceeding of the19th International Toki Conference (ITC19), Beijing, China, August 2005.

[64] G. Lu, B. Krishnamachari, and C. Raghavendra, “Performance Evaluation of the

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC for Low-rate Low power Wireless Networks,” in proceeding of the Workshop on Energy -Efficient Wireless Communications and Networks (EWCN '04), 2004.

[65] J. Zheng, and M. J. Lee, “A Comprehensive Performance Study of IEEE 802.15.4,”

IEEE Press Book, 2004.

[66] V. C. Gungor, B. Lu, and G. P. Hancke, “Opportunities and challenges of wireless sensor networks in smart grid,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 3557–

3564, Oct. 2010.

[67] U.S. Department of Energy, 2011, http://www.oe.energy.gov (Accessed online: 2011-11-29).

[68] V. C. Güngör, D. Sahin, T. Kocak, S. Ergüt, C. Buccella, C. Cecati, Fellow,and G. P.

Hancke, “Smart Grid Technologies: Communication Technologies and Standards,” IEEE TRANS On Industrial Informatics, Vol. 7, No. 4, Nov. 2011.

List of academic achievements

Category (Subheadings)

Article in refereed Journals

Presentation at international conferences

Presentations at domestic academic meetings held by study groups

o M. Tariq, Z. Zhou, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Power Dissipation Analysis of IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Trans. on Fundamental, Vol.E94-A, No.11, pp.2279-2286, Nov. 2011

o M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “A Realistic Communication Model For Distributed Error-prone Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE Trans. on Communication, Vol.E94-B, No.10, pp.2805-2816, Oct. 2011

o M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Performance Evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Communications in Error-prone Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of ACM MOBIWAC 2011, October-November, 2011, Miami Beach, FL, USA

o M. Tariq, A. K. Paul, Y. Li, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, “Analyzing Network Reliability in IEEE 802.15.4 Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of 30th JSST International Conference, October 2011, Tokyo, Japan

M. Tariq, Z. Zhou, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, "Diffusion Based Self-deployment Algorithm for Mobile Sensor Networks," in proceeding of IEEE VTC 2010 Fall, pp. 1-5, September 2010, Ottawa, Canada

o M. Tariq, M. Macuha, Y. J. Park, and T. Sato, "An Energy Estimation Model for Mobile Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of SENSORCOMM 2010, pp.502-512, July 2010, Venice, Italy

M. Tariq, Y. P. Kim, J. H. Kim, and Y. J. Park, “Energy Efficient and Reliable Routing Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of IEEE ICCSN, pp. 181-185, February 2009, Macau, China

M. Tariq and Takuro Sato, “Reliability Issues in Error-Prone Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” Waseda-Hanyang Joint Research Workshop, November 2011, Seoul, South Korea

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 4

Chapter 2

Presentations at domestic conferences

Published Books

Others

'Other achievements' Papers or articles in journals

Presentation at International conferences

M. Tariq and Takuro Sato, “Energy Estimation and Lifetime Modeling in Wireless Sensor Networks,” ICT Ph.D. Academy, November 2011, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

M. Tariq and Takuro Sato, “Energy Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks,”

Waseda-Tshingua Joint Research Workshop, March 2011, Beijing, China

M. Tariq and Takuro Sato, “Energy Estimation and Lifetime Analysis of Sensor Nodes,” Waseda-Hanyang Joint Research Workshop, November 2010, Tokyo, Japan

M. Tariq and Takuro Sato, “Routing Issues in Wireless Sensor Network,” ICT Ph.D. Academy, October 2009, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

M. Tariq, M. Macuha, A. K. Paul, Y. Li, and T. Sato, “Link Quality Assessment through Physical Channel Quality Estimators in Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEICE General Conference, September 2011, Hokkaido, Japan

N/A

M. Macuha, M. Tariq, and T. Sato, “Mobile Sensor Networks based on the Theory of Thermal Fields,” Journal of Sensors 2011, Vol. 11, pp. 7188-7203;

doi:10.3390/s110707188

Z. Zhou, Y. Jiang, M. Tariq, Y. Li, and T. Sato, “An Adaptive Blind Single Antenna Interference Cancellation Algorithm for 4G LTE Systems,” in proceeding of 14th IEEE HPCC, June 2012, Liverpool UK

Y. Li, M. Tariq, A. K. Paul, and T. Sato, “Evaluating Distributed Gossip Algorithm Based on Best-Linear Unbiased-Estimation in Wireless Sensor Networks,” in proceeding of 30th JSST International Conference, October 2011,