It is obvious that the evaluation of Christian colleges in China has undergone a tremendous change. This change is deeply influenced by changes in the political situation. Among other things, improved Sino-American relations played an important part in the change. Additionally, China’s opening and reform policy created a favorable academic atmosphere and helped to depoliticize the issue. This then returned the academic problem to scholars who could base their arguments on facts, not influenced by the past political verdicts which relied heavily on the pragmatic needs of the current political situation.
Of course, the political verdict also is derived from facts, but only some facts; it differs from the academic research that requires objective and balanced sources as much as possible. This is why in this present day scholars are welcomed to research this issue and are needed to produce or even replace the previous skewed histories regarding the Christian colleges in China.
To be certain, individual researchers also have their own limitations.
Firstly, to say that the secular contribution of Christian colleges received ample appreciation from Chinese scholars; and that the religious work is viewed more or less harmful or negative in connection with the education of Chinese youth, is less than faithful to the facts .（29） This absolute point of view is not congruent with the facts. Actually, the research on the value of the religious work of Christian colleges no doubt lagged behind the mainstream religious studies in China. Those studies had already reached a consensus that religion is a culture and has positive factors in certain aspects in society other than simply being the “opium of people”.（30） Fortunately, some papers regarding Christian colleges have begun to discuss the relationship between religion and education in these colleges but it will take time to produce results. Secondly, Chinese scholars have not published any comprehensive research on any individual Protestant or Catholic university’s history. Actually, the books about the Christian colleges in China published by missionary writers in the early 1950s is a bit and simplistic and doesn’t provide enough information about the colleges, particularly about the Chinese faculties and the students. I think it is the responsibility of Chinese scholars to complete such a work.
注
（１） 斉魯大学 Shantung Christian University (Cheeloo) (1872)、聖ヨハネ大学 St. John's University (1879)、岭南大学 Lingnan University (1888)、之江大学 Hangchou Chris-tian College (1897)、東呉大学 Soochow University (1901)、華南女子文理学院 Hwa Nan College (1908)、滬江大学 Shanghai University (1909)、金陵大学 University of Nanking (1910) 、華西協和大学 West China Union University (1913)、福建協和大 学 Fukien Christian University (1915)、金陵女子文理学院 Ginling College (1915)、
燕京大学 Yenching University (1916)、華中大学 Huachung University (1924)。
（２） 震旦大学 Aurora University in Shanghai、輔仁大学 Fu Jen University in Beijing, 天津工商大学 Hautes' Etudes University in Tianjin
（３） Cf. figures in William P. Fenn, Christian Higher Education in Changing China, 1880-1950 (Grand. Rapids: W.B. Eerdmans, 1976), p.239, with those in Zhou Yu-tong, Zhongguo xiandai jiaoyushi [History of modern education in China], (1934;
repr. Shanghai: Shanghai shudian, 1989), p.223-235.
（４） Cao Boyan ed., Hu Shi Nianpu [A Chronicle of Hu Shi’s life](Hefei, Anhui Educa-tional Press, 1986), p.673.
（５） “ ‘Youyi’ haishi qinlue”[‘Friendship’ or aggresion] (August 30, 1949) in Mao Ze-dong xuanji [Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung], (Shanghai, Shanghai People’s Press, 1991) Vol. 4, 1505-7.
（６） Sun Anqin, Mao Zedong yu Mingren [Mao Zedong and the Famous people](Nanjing, Jiangsu renmin chubanshe, 1993), p.439.
（７） http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,805659,00.html
（８） Lu Da, Jindai zhongguo jiaohui xuexiao shulue [A survey of Christian schools in modern China], Shanghai shifan daxue xuebao [Journal of Shanghai Normal Univer-sity], no. 3(1987).
（９） Zhongyang Shujichu, Woguo shehui zhuyi shiqi zongjiao wenti de jiben guandian he zhengce [The Basic Viewpoint and Policy on the Religious Question during Our Country’s Socialist Period], in Xinshiqi zongjiao gongzuo wenxian xuanbian [Se-lected Documents on Religious Work in the New Era], ed. by the Comprehensive Branch of Documentary Research Department of the Central Committee of CCP
& the Policy and Regulations Department of State Council’s Religious Bureau, 1995, 54-5.
（10） Rev. Charbonnier, Fr Jean, Guide to the Catholic Church in China (Singapore:
China Catholic Communication, 2004), 14-6.
（11） Wu Jiao, Religious Believers Thrice the Official Estimate: Poll, China Daily, Feb-ruary 7, 2007, 1.
（12） 楊少松・周毅成編著、劉問岫修訂『中国教育史稿：古代、近代部分』北京教育科学 出版社、1989 年、216 〜 219 頁 ; 李楚編著『帝国主義侵華教育史資料 -- 教会教育』
北京教育科学出版社、1987 年、序言の執筆は 1984 年；陳学恂主編『中国近代教育 史教学参考資料』北京人民教育出版社、1987 年 ; 呂達「近代中国教会学校述略」『上 海師範大学学報』、1987 年第 3 期。
（13） Xu Yihua, Jidujiao gaodeng jiaoyu chutan [An initial discussion of the Christian Higher Education in China], Fudan Xuebao [Journal of Fudan University], no.5 (1986), p.84-7.
（14） 顧学稼、林蔚、伍宗華『中国教会大学論叢』成都科技大学出版社、1994 年 12 月、
12−13 頁。
（15） 馬敏「近年来大陸中国教会大学史研究総述」『世界宗教研究』、1996 年第 4 期。
（16） Peter Tze Ming Ng, Changing Paradigms of Christian Higher Education in China
（1888- 1950），The Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, Queenston, Lampeter, 2002, P.i
（17） 劉広京「中国早期的基督教大学」（陳学恂主編『中国近代教育史教学参考資料』に 収録）北京人民教育出版社、1987 年、第 130 頁。Jessie Gregory Lutz, China and the Christian Colleges, 1850-1950（訳名『中国教会大学史』）曾鉅生訳、杭州浙江 教育出版社、1987 年。
（18） The six volumes are: Vol.1- An Overall Introduction of the History and Where-abouts of the Christian Colleges Archives; Vol.2- Resources at the Second Histori-acl Archives of China; Vol.3 – Resources at the Huazhong Normal University Ar-chives; Vol.4 – Resources at West China University of Medical Sciences ArAr-chives;
Vol.5 – Resources at Shanghai Municipal Archives.
（19） Shi Jinhuan, Han Li and Wang Yi, Dalu diqu de jiaohui daxueshi yanjiu [A Re-search on the History of Christian Colleges in the Mainland of China], Cong xianxue dao xianxue [From Dangerous Research to the Popular Research] ed. Lin Zhiping ( Taipei, Yuzhouguand Quanren guanhuai jigou, 2002) p.21-59.
（20） Liu Guangjing, Zhongguo zaoqi de jidujiao daxue [The early Christian colleges in China], in Zhongguo jindai jiaoyushi cankao ziliao [The Reference Materials of the Educational History of Modern China], ed. Chen Xuexun (Beijing, Renmin jiaoyu chubanshe, 1987), p. 130.
（21） Jessie Lutz, Zhongguo jiaohui daxueshi [China and the Christian Colleges 1850-1950] translated by Zeng Jusheng (Hangzhou, Zhejiang Educational Press, 1987).
（22） Wu Ziming, Jidu zongjiao yu zhongguo daxue jiaoyu [Christianity and University Education in China](Beijing, Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 2003)，p.6.
（23） Zhang Kaiyuan & Arthur Waldron ed., Zhongxi Wenhua and jiaohui daxue [Sino-Western Culture and Christian Colleges](Wuhan, Hubei Educational Press, 1991),