1 NQF
NQF
No.18 2017
2 No.16
IR No.17
2009
IT
IR No.16
No.17
1
1)
25 (2013)
2017
IT 7
NQF NQF
4
150 NQF
NQF 3
2017
IT 7
NQF NQF
4
150 NQF
NQF 3
NQF DQR
A B 2017
OJT
PBL WIL
NQF DQR
A B 2017
OJT
PBL WIL
2
7
(2009) 40
199-215
2017 28
- -
Learning Outcomes 2014 2017
Learning Outcome LO LO LO
2-1 2014 2017
Kaigo
AQF
National Qualifications Framework
2-2
( )
3
NQF
(BESCLO
(NQF)
10
4-1 130
130 HP
4-2 1850
4-3 (The Basic European Social Care Learning Outcomes/BESCLO
2016 EU
European Care Certificate ECC
ECC 16
EU European Qualifications Framework
BESCLO
4-4 2014
7 6
4-3 (The Basic European Social Care Learning Outcomes/BESCLO
2016 EU
European Care Certificate ECC
ECC 16
EU European Qualifications Framework
BESCLO
4-4 2014
7 6
5
4
3
2
1
( HP )
148
4-5
< >
< >
< >
4-6
< >
< >
< >
4-6
4-7 EQF European Qualifications Framework
EQF 1
8 8
NQF NQF
EQF
EQF
EQF
2016 60-61
4-8 DQR Deutscher Qualifikationsrahmen
DQR EQF Wissen Fertigkeiten
Sozialkompetenz Selbständigkeit QA
UPDATES 2017 5 16 4
Kompetenzmodell
Wissen und Verstehen Einsatz, Answendung und Erzeugung von Wissen
Kommunikation und Kooperation Wissenschaftliches
Selbstverständnis/ Professionalität
EQF
EQF
2016 60-61
4-8 DQR Deutscher Qualifikationsrahmen
DQR EQF Wissen Fertigkeiten
Sozialkompetenz Selbständigkeit QA
UPDATES 2017 5 16 4
Kompetenzmodell
Wissen und Verstehen Einsatz, Answendung und Erzeugung von Wissen
Kommunikation und Kooperation Wissenschaftliches
Selbstverständnis/ Professionalität
EQF
Altenpfleger DQR EQF
4-9 AQF Australian Qualifications Framework
AQF
AQF
( 2015 )
4-10 IQF Indonesian Qualifications Framework
2015
KKNI18 1 9 9
2012 19 IQF20 IQF
IQF 9 KNNI
IQF 2016 generic
specific
QA UPDATES 2017 8 29 IQF
IQF
IQF
4)
PDCA
IQF
4)
PDCA
NQF
EQGC
/ /
2017 1.
28
22-26 HP
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/0000054119.html 2018 1 14
2016
27
61-64
2015
26
290-291 HP
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/jinzaikaihatsu/
ability_skill/syokunou/index.html 2018 1 14
https://www.shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/dn_standards_a247.html
https://www.shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/dn_standards_a253.html 2018 1 14
2015 AQF Australian Qualifications Framework
26
223 2015
19
(2016) IQF
Vol.13
74-78
QA UPDATES 2017
5 16
https://qaupdates.niad.ac.jp/2017/05/16/new_hqr/2018 1 14 2017 8
29 ASEAN
https://qaupdates.niad.ac.jp/2017/08/29/asean-nqf-aqrf/ 2018 1 14
Descriptors defining levels in the European Qualifications Framework (EQF)
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008H0506(01)) 2018 1 14
http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/koyou_roudou/jinzaikaihatsu/
ability_skill/syokunou/index.html 2018 1 14
https://www.shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/dn_standards_a247.html
https://www.shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/dn_standards_a253.html 2018 1 14
2015 AQF Australian Qualifications Framework
26
223 2015
19
(2016) IQF
Vol.13
74-78
QA UPDATES 2017
5 16
https://qaupdates.niad.ac.jp/2017/05/16/new_hqr/2018 1 14 2017 8
29 ASEAN
https://qaupdates.niad.ac.jp/2017/08/29/asean-nqf-aqrf/ 2018 1 14
Descriptors defining levels in the European Qualifications Framework (EQF)
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32008H0506(01)) 2018 1 14
29
31
22
28 28
outcome-based education: OBE
3 3
(World Federation for Medical Education (WFME))
(Japan Accreditation Council for Medical Education(JACME))
28 12
6 2 3 3
CBT Computer Based Testing
OSCE Objective Structured Clinical Examination
80 28
1
Miller
2 Miller GE.(1990) 5
4 3 2 1 6 5 4 3 2 1
(
CBT,OSCE)
Miller GE.(1990) 2016 2017 2017)
2 Miller
6 EQF 7 EQF
6
1978 53
6
29
does (Action)
shows how (Performance)
knows how (Competence)
knows(Knowledge)
CBT
OSCE(
Basic
Applied
Advanced
1
2017 29 1 FD 2017 7 6
OSCE http://www.cato.umin.jp/ 2017 12 25
http://www.saga-u.ac.jp/koho/2016gakushiryoku.html 2017 12
25 29
http://www.sc.admin.saga-u.ac.jp/policy_h29igaku.pdf 2017 12 25
2016 159
2016 9 6
WFME 2015 https://www.jacme.or.jp/accreditation/wfmf.php
2017 12 7
28
28 11 16
22 Miller GE.(1990) The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance. Academic Medicine.;65(9 suppl):pp.63–67.
25 29
http://www.sc.admin.saga-u.ac.jp/policy_h29igaku.pdf 2017 12 25
2016 159
2016 9 6
WFME 2015 https://www.jacme.or.jp/accreditation/wfmf.php
2017 12 7
28
28 11 16
22 Miller GE.(1990) The assessment of clinical skills/competence/performance. Academic Medicine.;65(9 suppl):pp.63–67.
35
11 15
1-1
2
2 2
1-2
2-1
2009 2
4 2
2 1
2-2
2014 2
2011 2015
2014 2015 1
2017
2016 1
3-1
2
EYFS Early Years Foundation Stage
EYPS Early Years Professional Status QTS:Qualified Teacher Status
2015 p.29
2010
Nutbrown, 2013 2014
EYT(Early Years Teachers ) 3 (EYE Early Years
Educator ) 2
2015 3-2
1 3 3 3
2
3 2
1 2 3
2 1
(National Competency Standards NCS) NCS
3-3
the NQF The National Quality Framework for Early Childhood Education and Care 2011
ACECQA the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority National Quality Standard
Australian Qualifications Framework AQF certificate III level educator early childhood teacher (ECT) diploma level educator
2010
Nutbrown, 2013 2014
EYT(Early Years Teachers ) 3 (EYE Early Years
Educator ) 2
2015 3-2
1 3 3 3
2
3 2
1 2 3
2 1
(National Competency Standards NCS) NCS
3-3
the NQF The National Quality Framework for Early Childhood Education and Care 2011
ACECQA the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority National Quality Standard
Australian Qualifications Framework AQF certificate III level educator early childhood teacher (ECT) diploma level educator
2014 3
3
2014
2011 2007
4 a. b.
2017
a b
1 4-2
4 2017
2007
a. b. c.
4 2013
2011
1 2 3 4 5
) (
)
4-1
3 4
2007
2011
3 10 31 12 53 2010
45
NCS 6
25 4-2
4 2015
5
3 4
2007
2011
3 10 31 12 53 2010
45
NCS 6
25 4-2
4 2015
5
7
5 7
2011 2010
16
20 5 9 50
Nutbrown, C. 2013 Foundations for Quality The independent review of early education and childcare qualifications. Department for Education.
2015 EYT EYE Level3
No.11 26-38
2009 18 19 20
2013
30 31-40 2017
2007
2011
1 2013
24
2014
25 2009
26 23-32 2010
2011 :
, 21-22 2015
2016
ACECQA Qualifications http://www.acecqa.gov.au/educators-and-providers1/
qualifications 2017 11 1
, from http://www.pref.nara.jp/dd.aspx?menuid=43364#moduleid81023 2017 11 1
24
2014
25 2009
26 23-32 2010
2011 :
, 21-22 2015
2016
ACECQA Qualifications http://www.acecqa.gov.au/educators-and-providers1/
qualifications 2017 11 1
, from http://www.pref.nara.jp/dd.aspx?menuid=43364#moduleid81023 2017 11 1
1-1
279
1 ( 29 )
134 10
1
3
109 79
3 1 279
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27 36,935
15,929 21,005
1 https://www.jatcc.or.jp/
6 3
8 3
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390 570
960
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6 3
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390 570
960
2
1 2 2
2
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http://www.q-net.or.kr/ 2017 2
2-2 NCS
National Competency Standards NCS
8 NCS ( ) ( )
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9 NCS
3 30
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1
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7 Web http://www.ovta.or.jp/index.html
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3 9
8 Web http://www.mext.go.jp
IT
58 IT
IT
1-1 IT
IT
IT IT
IT
IT & IT
IT IT
IPA 1969 3
IT
2016
2017 4
https://www.jitec.ipa.go.jp/1_11seido/seido_gaiyo.html 2017 11 24
IT
2014 IPA IT
IPA 2008 IT
IT 3
IT
2007
9
IT 2007 2012
IPA IT
IT IT
iPedia iPedia IT
IT
IT
IT IT &
2008
IT
2004
1 8 22 3 4
581
10 1 2
IT
2014 IPA IT
IPA 2008 IT
IT 3
IT
2007
9
IT 2007 2012
IPA IT
IT IT
iPedia iPedia IT
IT
IT
IT IT &
2008
IT
2004
1 8 22 3 4
581
10 1 2
U-22
U-22
1980 2014
U-22
CSAJ 3
CSAJ
2017 2017
IT IT
2000 2008
IT
25 1600
9 2,304,000
IT
IT
12
2006 6
2014 7
IT Professionals Examination
7 2010 2015 IT
IT
IT IT
IT IT
IPA IT
1-2 IT
IPA 2016 IT IT Web
IT
IT IT 509
IT IT
7.3%
37.9%
25.7% 60.7%
18.3 55.6%
6.1 25.5%
20 30
40 50
2
ICT 2-1 IT
ICT IPA
IT ITSS
IT 2002 12 IT
2004 7 IPA IT
2006 4 IT V2 2012 3 IT
V IPA
IT IT
IT IT
IPA IT
1-2 IT
IPA 2016 IT IT Web
IT
IT IT 509
IT IT
7.3%
37.9%
25.7% 60.7%
18.3 55.6%
6.1 25.5%
20 30
40 50
2
ICT 2-1 IT
ICT IPA
IT ITSS
IT 2002 12 IT
2004 7 IPA IT
2006 4 IT V2 2012 3 IT
V IPA
IT
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2
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3
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IT
4
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4
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15 1 90
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ITPEC IT Professionals Examination Council 2005 11
6 2006 2014
7
2-2 ICT
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ITPEC IT Professionals Examination Council 2005 11
6 2006 2014
7
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3-2
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3
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IT
IT IT
2017 IT
2017 IT IT
CIO 2007
IT
3-2
IT
3
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3 2
3-3
IT
IT IT
2017 IT
2017 IT IT
CIO 2007
IT
IT
IT ITSS
IT
IT
IT
IT IT
IT
IT IT
IT
4-12-15
2017 IT IT
IT
http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/it_policy/jinzai/index.html 2017 11 24
http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/it_policy/tyoutatu/#p01 2017 11 24
IT 2011 IT V3 2011
IT 2011 IT
ICT 1990
3 ICT
ICT
2009 2012 3
ICT
( )
( ) 1990 2010
ICT
CeFIL
CeFIL ICT
ICT
ICT 3 ICT
ICT 1990
3 ICT
ICT
2009 2012 3
ICT
( )
( ) 1990 2010
ICT
CeFIL
CeFIL ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
1-1 1990
1990
1997 7 1998 7
1996 10 2020
1990
1997 7 2
21
2
2 3
ICT
(
1997 7 )
2000
1997 7 12
30 1998 7
21
1996 3
1997 7
1-2
2002 5 ( )
2000
(
1997 7 )
2000
1997 7 12
30 1998 7
21
1996 3
1997 7
1-2
2002 5 ( )
2000 ICT
2000
ICT 5
(1) 2005 6
(2) 2007 4
(3) 2007
12
(4) 2009 12
(5) ICT
2011 10
1-2-(1) 2005 6
1998 7 7 2005 6
e-Japan 2005
IT
e-Japan IT
IT 2006 IT
IT IT
IT IT
IT IT
( ICT )
( 2005 6 )
( )
IT IT
ICT
IT
1
IT 2
ICT
CIO
1,500
( 3,000 ) IT
10
1
( 2005 6 )
1-2-(2) 2007 4
2007 4 2005 6
2005 10 ICT 12
IT
1
IT 2
ICT
CIO
1,500
( 3,000 ) IT
10
1
( 2005 6 )
1-2-(2) 2007 4
2007 4 2005 6
2005 10 ICT 12
( )
200 IT
6.3 2006 7
IT
1 IT IT
IT
2006 4
2 2007 4
1 1 7
( )
IT
1-2-(3) 2007 12
2007 12
ICT ICT
ICT
ICT
FD
1-2-(4) 2009 12 2009 12
ICT 2
IT
2009 2007 12
ICT ICT
1-2-(5) 2011 10
2011 10 ICT
ICT ICT
ICT ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
( )
ICT
ICT CIO (
)
ICT ICT
1-2-(4) 2009 12 2009 12
ICT 2
IT
2009 2007 12
ICT ICT
1-2-(5) 2011 10
2011 10 ICT
ICT ICT
ICT ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
( )
ICT
ICT CIO (
)
ICT ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT ICT
2 ICT ICT
2 ICT ICT
2011 10
ICT
ICT
OS ICT
BPR Business Process Re-engineering)
3
2011 9 N=24
2011 10
ICT 4 ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
2011 10 4
2011 9 N=24
2011 10
( )
5
( 2011 10 )
1-3 CeFIL( )
ICT
2009 7 2015
CeFIL
2016 CeFIL
( DBIC) DBIC
IMD
SMU 4
DBIC
( )
5
( 2011 10 )
1-3 CeFIL( )
ICT
2009 7 2015
CeFIL
2016 CeFIL
( DBIC) DBIC
IMD
SMU 4
DBIC
(OG) 2016 10
CeFIL 2017.11.25CeFIL WEB 2009 1 NPO
2009 7 NPO 2009 8
2014 12
2015 8 CeFIL
2016 5 ( :DBIC)
6 (CeFIL)
:CeFIL 2013 2 6
CeFIL 7 (1)
7 (2) 8 PBL Project
Based Learning
2011 10 2
2009 1 2011 3 3
115 126
11 4 4
3 30 50
1
2
7 8 2011 10
( ) HP
2-1
2006 IT
ICT
( QITO( ) ) 2007 2009
2
2011 ICT
2012 12
(QITO ) ICT (QUTE)
PBL
QITO CeFIL
CeFIL PBL
(
) (ICT Information and Communication Technology)
ICT
ICT
( ) ICT
ICT
9
10 PBL
9
2012 10
2012 10
PBL ICT ICT
QITO PBL
PBL QITO
PBL
QITO PBL PBL 2
QITO
PBL 3 .PBL
QITO 1 2 PBL
QITO PBL PBL ( 1 )
PBL PBL
PBL
2-2
IT
CeFIL 2007
2016 IT
IT
IT
IT IT
11 11
HP http://www.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/ITsoft/2015/outline/feature.html
29(2017) IT
1
4 2 6 10 IT
ICT
ICT
( )
2017 11 ICT ( A )
A 5 2 8
( )
29(2017) IT
1
4 2 6 10 IT
ICT
ICT
( )
2017 11 ICT ( A )
A 5 2 8
( )
A
3
PBL
OJT
OFF-JT
ICT 4-1
CeFIL ICT
ICT
ICT ICT
ICT
OJT OFF-JT PBL
4-2
ICT 11
EQGC IT
ICT 4
ICT
( )
12 (
(
< >
5 IT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
4-2
ICT 11
EQGC IT
ICT 4
ICT
( )
12 (
(
< >
5 IT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT
ICT ICT
(2009) 21
76 4 pp.40-53
(2012)
No.629 pp.6-18
( :QITO)
( :CeFIL) (2012) PBL
(QITO ) ICT (QUTE) (http://www.qito.kyushu-u.ac.
jp/publications-presentations/publications/3826)
HP (http://www.keidanren.or.jp/policy/) IT
(http://www.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/ITsoft/2015/index.html)
IT
IT
IT
1-1
1
(1) IT
(2)
2015
Australian Qualifications Framework European Qualifications Framework
AQF EQF
1-2
(1) IT (2)
2015
Australian Qualifications Framework European Qualifications Framework
AQF EQF
1-2
National Research Council 2000
IT
1990
ex. ABET 1997, The EPC 2000
ABET Engineering Council
IT 500
6 1 2 9 2017
6 2017 11 30 1
1-3
IT 500
6 1 2 9 2017
6 2017 11 30 1
Appendix 1, 2 1-3
IT IT
C
1
(1)
(2) (3)
(1) 1 2-1
(2) 20
(3)
(1) (2)
2 2
(1)
(2) 2-2
2-3
(2) 20
(3)
(1) (2)
2 2
(1)
(2) 2-2
2-3
5
IT 5
IT
5 6
(1)
(2) (3) 3
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1) (2)
2-4
2-5
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2 IT
2002 3-1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
2 IT
2002 3-1
x
y
3-2
PBL
. PBL
.
.
IT SE
PBL
. PBL
.
.
IT SE
2006: 105-106
2016 IT NRC 2000
Engineering Council 2014 ABET 2015 ABET
Engineering Council
Engineering Council (UK)
ABET (US)
A1 A2 B1 C1 C2 C3 D1 D2 E1
, , , ,
(2016) 21 , , ,
S. 2002 ,
, 2016
, 183-202 2006
Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology (1997). Engineering Criteria 2000 (The third edition), Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology.
Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (2015). Criteria for Accreditation Engineering Programs 2016-2017, Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology.
Engineering Council (2014). The Accreditation of Higher Education Programs: UK Standard for Professional Engineering Competence (The third edition), Engineering Council,
Engineering Professors Council (2000). The EPC Engineering Graduate Output Standard, Interim Report of the EPC Output Standards Project, Occasional Paper No.
10.
National Research Council (2000). How People Learn, National Academy Press.
, , , ,
(2016) 21 , , ,
S. 2002 ,
, 2016
, 183-202 2006
Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology (1997). Engineering Criteria 2000 (The third edition), Accreditation Board of Engineering and Technology.
Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (2015). Criteria for Accreditation Engineering Programs 2016-2017, Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology.
Engineering Council (2014). The Accreditation of Higher Education Programs: UK Standard for Professional Engineering Competence (The third edition), Engineering Council,
Engineering Professors Council (2000). The EPC Engineering Graduate Output Standard, Interim Report of the EPC Output Standards Project, Occasional Paper No.
10.
National Research Council (2000). How People Learn, National Academy Press.
Appendix 1 Appendix 2
Appendix 2
1-1
(A) (B (A
(B 21
2010 ( )
27 58.9
(A) 20.4 B 13.6
(A) 34.6 (B) 23.2
(A) (B)
58,890,810 58,890,810
A 1,447,190
03a 162,200
B
18 160,670
C 11,446,270
25 8,059,800
26 1,486,140
D 7,315,740
321 378,060
323 3,437,750
401 125,830
20,369,870 13,649,780
34.6% 23.2%
27
1-2
456 17.7
5.1 65 11.1
195 8.2
723
63.1 27.0 9.0
0.8
2,582,670 100.0%
833,256 32.3%
456,301 17.7% 63.1% 53.1%
158,239 6.1%
136,252 5.3%
82,464 3.2%
119,728 100.0%
10,751 9.0%
6,138 5.1% 0.8% 1.4%
90 0.1%
2,967 2.5%
1,556 1.3%
588,223 100.0%
65,431 11.1% 9.0% 15.2%
6,304 1.1%
9,620 1.6%
4 0.0%
541 0.1%
2,818 0.5%
15,367 2.6%
8,043 1.4%
14,476 2.5%
8,258 1.4%
2,388,509 100.0%
195,190 8.2% 27.0% 30.3%
723,060 100.0%
214,923 100.0%
(A) (B)
1-2
456 17.7
5.1 65 11.1
195 8.2
723
63.1 27.0 9.0
0.8
2,582,670 100.0%
833,256 32.3%
456,301 17.7% 63.1% 53.1%
158,239 6.1%
136,252 5.3%
82,464 3.2%
119,728 100.0%
10,751 9.0%
6,138 5.1% 0.8% 1.4%
90 0.1%
2,967 2.5%
1,556 1.3%
588,223 100.0%
65,431 11.1% 9.0% 15.2%
6,304 1.1%
9,620 1.6%
4 0.0%
541 0.1%
2,818 0.5%
15,367 2.6%
8,043 1.4%
14,476 2.5%
8,258 1.4%
2,388,509 100.0%
195,190 8.2% 27.0% 30.3%
723,060 100.0%
214,923 100.0%
(A) (B)
1-3
1-1 1-2
.
2-1
2-2
MBA
2-3
( )
30
20 20
( )
30
20 20
1
1
Excel Word
2 Excel
Office
Power Point
Excel
Word
Excel Word
2 Excel
Office
Power Point
Excel
Word
Web
16 (
)
PDCA
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
(A)
29 858
(A)
29 858
141
93 80
66.0 70.5
100
10.9% 5.6% 16.4%
24.1% 59.5% 84.6%
34.9% 65.1% 100%
2010 pp.25-39
Web
From http://www.zensho.or.jp/puf/examination/index.html Web
432,333 121,522 28.1% 106,469 24.6% 227,991 52.7%
159,689 66,661 41.7% 55,144 34.5% 121,805 76.3%
87,653 36,590 41.7% 30,268 34.5% 66,859 76.3%
45,818 6,916 15.1% 4,391 9.6% 11,307 24.7%
3,927 1,428 36.4% 609 15.5% 2,037 51.9%
1,934 703 36.4% 300 15.5% 1,003 51.9%
189,091 13,047 6.9% 8,698 4.6% 21,745 11.5%
23,479 9,157 39.0% 2,677 11.4% 11,833 50.4%
190,259 20,168 10.6% 18,187 9.6% 38,355 20.2%
27,853 9,503 34.1% 3,853 13.8% 13,356 48.0%
857,501 161,653 18.9% 137,745 16.1% 299,398 34.9%
140,919 55,953 39.7% 37,098 26.3% 93,051 66.0%
667,242 141,485 21.2% 119,558 17.9% 261,043 39.1%
113,066 46,450 41.1% 33,245 29.4% 79,695 70.5%
From http://www.jaucb.gr.jp/student/license/2013business.html 2018 1 31
http://www.kyusan-u.ac.jp/guide/publication/pdf/h29/policy_daigaku.pdf 2018 1 31
https://www.fukuoka-u.ac.jp/pdf/disclosure/policy/undergraduate/commerce_fac.pdf
2018 1 31
https://www.fukuoka-u.ac.jp/pdf/disclosure/policy/undergraduate/business_management.pdf
2018 1 31
http://www.seinan-gu.ac.jp/assets/users/7/files/three_policies/commerce.pdf 2018 1 31
http://www.seinan-gu.ac.jp/assets/users/7/files/three_policies/business_administration.pdf 2018 1 31
(2010) 21
From
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2012/07/23/13 23515_1_1.pdf 2018 1 31
2018
From http://www.jaucb.gr.jp/student/license/2013business.html 2018 1 31
http://www.kyusan-u.ac.jp/guide/publication/pdf/h29/policy_daigaku.pdf 2018 1 31
https://www.fukuoka-u.ac.jp/pdf/disclosure/policy/undergraduate/commerce_fac.pdf
2018 1 31
https://www.fukuoka-u.ac.jp/pdf/disclosure/policy/undergraduate/business_management.pdf
2018 1 31
http://www.seinan-gu.ac.jp/assets/users/7/files/three_policies/commerce.pdf 2018 1 31
http://www.seinan-gu.ac.jp/assets/users/7/files/three_policies/business_administration.pdf 2018 1 31
(2010) 21
From
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2012/07/23/13 23515_1_1.pdf 2018 1 31
2018
- -
1-1
1956
( )
1954 1955
1958
2
1-2
1964 1970
2
1-3 1976
2
1-3 1976
1-4
1980 2
1-5 1990
(CG)
Apple Mac
UNIX OS Mac Windows OS
Adobe
Mac
Mac
1-6
2013 2
DTP
1-6
2013 2
DTP
DTP
1982 Adobe PostScript
1984 Apple Macintosh
1985 Aldus PageMaker Apple PostScript
LaserWriter PostScript
1987 Adobe Quark QuarkXPress
1988 Aldus Freehand Adobe Photoshop
1989 Apple PostScript -J
1990 Adobe Aldus PageMaker3.0
PostScript
1991 Adobe Photoshop
1993 Quark QuarkXPress3.11
1995
CD-1996
WPA
Adobe Apple
1990
3.
1 2 2 3
Web
4
4-1 1
1990
3.
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Web
4
4-1 1
4-2 2
Illustrator ,Photoshop
Illustrator ,Photoshop
DTP
4-3 3 2 5
Illustrator ,Photoshop
SNS
4-4 4
SNS
4-4 4
5
1956
1954 WPA http://www.waterless.jp/waterless/history.php
1956
1954 WPA http://www.waterless.jp/waterless/history.php
1
2017 11
2
224-06
CAD
644-01
2
2 FA
3
etc
3
etc
4
1
2 3 2
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2015
2
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6
27 11 ( ) ( ) 15
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50 5889
224
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184
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56a
726
184 73230
7200
726
7
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2017 27 ( ) ( ) 15
( ( ) ( ))
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0&tclass1=00000110 4855&tclass2=000001108965&second2=1 2018 1
2017 27 27
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&toukei=00200521&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0 147
&tclass1=000001096257 2018 1 2012
https://shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/include/pdf_committee/8_2/c8_2.pdf 2017 10
2015 49
601
https://www.nri.com/jp/news/2015/151202_1.aspx 2017 10 2015
2011 4
121 7
OJT
2017 27 ( ) ( ) 15
( ( ) ( ))
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0&tclass1=00000110 4855&tclass2=000001108965&second2=1 2018 1
2017 27 27
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&toukei=00200521&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0
148
&tclass1=000001096257 2018 1 2012
https://shokugyounouryoku.jp/user/include/pdf_committee/8_2/c8_2.pdf 2017 10
2015 49
601
https://www.nri.com/jp/news/2015/151202_1.aspx 2017 10 2015
2011 4
121 7
OJT
2017 27 ( ) ( ) 15
( ( ) ( ))
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0&tclass1=00000110 4855&tclass2=000001108965&second2=1 2018 1
2017 27 27
https://www.e-stat.go.jp/stat-search/files?page=1&layout=datalist&toukei=00200521&tstat=000001080615&cycle=0
123
( )
6 6
2
149
2 1
2 1
2 2
3
2 3
2
2
3 1
1
1
2 4
2
1
2 3
1
2 4
2
1
2 3
2 5
3 9
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4
4
-
1 WTTC, 2017
UNWTO 2008
WTTC 2017
/
/ / /
/ / / 8 2
2
50
/
/ / /
/ / / 8 2
2
50
TSA Tourism Satellite Accounting
2017 2015 634 9.6%
3
52.1 25.8 440
3 2015
(
634 9.60%
1 58 0.90%
2 346 5.20%
3 26 0.40%
4 60 0.90%
5 0.10%
6 5 0.10%
63 1.00%
8 69 1.00%
90.40%
100%
2017
-
4
2007 2015
2~4 41
4
21
5
5
4
21
5
5
2007
/ /
6
6
2017
H29)
3 6
6
MBA
2017
-
4 4
7
7
2017
-
4 4
7
7
WG H21)
2015 5
Cornell, Central Florida,
8 8
2015
9
2017
9
2012
-
3
9
2017
9
2012
-
3
10
11
10
11
-
3
5 10
1 2
20 6
20 40
3
35 19 38
3
-
3
5 10
1 2
20 6
20 40
3
35 19 38
3
12
1 2
2 4
1 2 3 4
4
-
1 2
2 4
1 2 3 4
4
-
2014 26
6
1 3
4
14
2015
4 13
1 3
13 1
2
3 4
2017
6
3
6
14
14
2017
120
F
G
H B
C
I D
E A
6 6
6
6
6
3 4
2017
6
3
6
14
14
2017
120
2 3
F
G
H B
C
I D
E A
6 6
6
6
6
15
15
2017 3
1
2
1 2
3 4
3 4
DMO
2
2020
2014 5
23
2014 23 37
http://libds.tamagawa.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/11078/225/1/4_2014_23-37.pdf 2017 12 8
http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/topics06_000125.html 2017 12 8 TSA Tourism Satellite Account http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/tsa.html 2017 12 8
http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/jinzai/renkei.html 2017 12 8
http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/page06_000117.html 2017 12 8
http://www.mlit.go.jp/kankocho/shisaku/jinzai/ikusei.html 2017 12 8
http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/000049505.pdf
2017 12 8
2014 [ vol.224]
https://www.jtb.or.jp/column-photo/column-industrial-broad-based-kanno 2017 12 8
2017
http://www.wesleyan.ac.jp/kankop/data/jigyouhoukoku2017.pdf 2017 12 8
https://www1.niu.ac.jp/ 2017 12 8 2016
230 7-13 ,
https://www.jtb.or.jp/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/bunka230-04.pdf 2018 2 11
2010 21
http://www.mext.go.jp/component/a_menu/education/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2012/07/23/13235 15_1_1.pdf 2018 2 11
2012
http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shougai/senshuu/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2012/04/03/1319412_02_1.p df 2018 2 11
World Travel & Tourism Council (2017), Travel & Tourism ECONOMIC IMPACT 2017 JAPAN, from https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries-2017/