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皮膚とその附属器、および感覚器

ドキュメント内 橡slides (ページ 48-57)

Ⅵ-1-5 サル頭毛 Hairs of the head (Capilli) of a monkey: transverse section    1)毛幹 hair shaft (Scapus pili)

   2)毛根 hair root (Radix pili)

(1)毛包 hair follicle (Folliculus pili)・・・・invagination of the epidermis and corium   i)結合組織性毛包 connective tissue sheath : Corium(Papilla)

  ii)硝子膜 glassy membrane : basement membrane: 脂腺付着部以下に著明   iii)外根鞘 outer root sheath : Stratum germinativum

  iv)内根鞘 inner root sheath :

脂腺付着部より下方のみStratum granulosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum (i)ヘンレー層 Henle's layer・・・・simple layer

(ii)ハックスレー層 Huxley's layer・・・・2〜3 layer, 角化

   ケラトヒアリン顆粒 keratohyalin granules or trichohyalin granule (iii)内根鞘小皮 cuticle of the inner root sheath

=simple squamous cell(thin horny scale) (2)毛 hair (Pilus)

  i)毛小皮 cuticle of the hair・・・・1層のclear cell

  ii)毛皮質 cortex of the hair(*): melanin、数層の細胞(立方)、上方で角化   iii)毛髄質 medulla of the hair : 2〜3層の細胞、上方で角化、または消失、

細い毛にはmedulla なし

(3)毛包腺 follicular gland (=sebaceous gland)

(4)立毛筋 arrector pili muscle (M. arrector pili): smooth muscle    3)毛球 hair bulbus (Bulbus pili)

   4)毛乳頭 hair papilla (Papilla pili)

  (*)Cortexのpigment がなくなりMedulla に空気が入るとgray hair

Ⅵ-1-6 頭毛 Hairs of the head : longitudinal section

Ⅵ スライド欠 爪 Nail (Unguis): transverse section    1)爪 nail plate : 爪角質層 Stratum corneum unguis

   2)爪床 nail bed (Matrix unguis): 爪胚芽層 Stratum germinativum unguis    3)真皮 Corium

   4)上爪皮 Eponychium    5)下爪皮 Hyponychium

Ⅵ スライド欠 乳腺 Mammary gland (Gl. mammaria) 活動期 active stage = 授乳期 lactating stage 複合管状胞状腺 compound tubulo-alveolar gland    1)乳腺小葉 glandular lobule

i)腺房 glandular alveolus: simple squamous〜cuboidal〜columnar secretory cell   筋上皮細胞 myoepithelial cell

ii)小葉内結合組織 intralobular connective tissue   小葉内乳管intralobular duct

   2)小葉間結合組織interlobular connective tissue

  小葉間乳管interlobular duct: simple cuboidal epithelium    3)乳間lactiferous duct (Ductus lactiferi)

   4)脂肪組織 adipose tissue

Ⅵ-2-1 サル眼 Eye (Oculus) of a monkey: panoramic view. sagittal section

   1)眼球線維膜 Tunica fibrosa bulbi(=眼球外膜 Tunica externa): supporting layer (1)強膜 Sclera

  (i)シュレム管 canal of Schlemm(=強膜静脈洞 Sinus venosus sclerae)   (ii)フォンタナ腔 space of Fontana・・・・ trabecular connective tissue meshwork

(=虹彩角膜間隙 Spatia anguli iridocornealis,

  臨床では前房隅角Anterior chamber angleという)

(2)角膜 Cornea

  (i)角膜上皮 corneal epithelium・・・・stratified squamous: 5層

=ボーマン膜 Bowman's membrane・・・・collagenous fibril   (ii)前境界板 Lamina limitans anterior, anterior basal membrane

  (iii)角膜固有質 Substantia propria(corneae): corneaの90% collagenous fiber   (iv)後境界板 Lamina limitans posterior, posterior basal membrane

=デスメ膜 Descemet's membrane・・・・atypical form of collagen   (v)角膜内皮 Endothelium corneae

    =デスメ内皮 Descemet's endothelium・・simple layer:large squamous〜low cuboidal

   2)眼球血管膜 Tunica vasculosa bulbi (=Tunica media): vascular layer of uvea =ぶどう膜 (1)脈絡膜 Chor(i)oidea (Uvea)・・・・鋸状縁 Ora serrataまで

  (i)脈絡上板 Lamina fusca or suprachorioidea 褐色板ともいう     疎性結合組織loose connective tissue

    色素細胞pigment cell=メラニン細胞melanocyte   (ii)血管板 Lamina vasculosa

  (iii)脈絡毛細管板 Lamina choriocapillaris:

Ora serrata付近に終わり、Corpus cilareに入らぬ。

  (iv)基底板 Lamina basalis

=ブルック膜 Bruch's membrane or glassy membrane (2)毛様体 ciliary body(=Corpus ciliare)

  (i)毛様体筋 ciliary muscle (=M. ciliaris)・・・・smooth muscle

ブリュッケの経線状線維 meridoinal fiber or the muscle of Brücke(outer)

放線状線維 radial fiber(middle)        ・・・* ミュラーの輪状線維 circular fiber or Müller's muscle(inner)

  (ii)血管層 vascular layer

  (iii)基底板 Lamina basalis, Lamina vitrea

  (iv)網膜毛様体部 Pars ciliaris retinae, cili ary portion of the retina 細胞の頂部が向きあった2層のsimple columnar epithelium  (外)色素上皮 outer pigmented epithelium

      毛様体色素上皮層 Stratum pigmenti corporis ciliaris  (内)毛様体上皮 inner non-pigmented epithelium

      毛様体(無色素)上皮層 ciliary epithelium

  (v)毛様体内境界膜 ciliary inner limiting membrane・・・・基底膜basement membrane     毛様体輪 Orbiculus ciliaris

    毛様体突起 Processus ciliares

    毛様体小体(Zinn氏帯)Zonula ciliaris (3)虹彩 Iris

瞳孔縁 Margo pupillaris 前面 Facies anterior 後面 Facies posterior 毛様体縁 Margo ciliaris

   (i)虹彩内皮 Endothelium camerae anterioris    (ii)虹彩支質 Stroma iridis

前境界板 lamina limitans posterior・・・・chromatophore 血管層 vascular layer. Stratum vasculosa

  瞳孔括約筋 M. sphincter pupillae ←outer pigment epithelium of ciliary body   瞳孔散大筋 M. dilator pupillae

   (iii)網膜虹彩部 Pars iridica retinae 外色素層 outer pigment layer 内色素層 inner pigment layer

内境界膜 inner limiting membrane・・・・lens side 瞳孔 Pupilla

   3)眼球内膜 Tunica interna bulbi: retinal layer (広義の網膜) (1)網膜

 1.網膜盲部 Pars caeca retinae  ・網膜毛様体部 Pars cilliaris retinae  ・網膜虹彩部 Pars iredica retinae

 2.網膜視部 Pars optica retinae, optical portion of the retina    (i) 網膜色素上皮層 outer pigment epithelium

   (ii) 杆状体錐状体層 bacillary layer or layer of rod and cone    (iii)外境界膜 outer limiting membrane

   (iv)外顆粒層 outer nuclear or granule layer    (v) 外網状層 outer plexiform layer

   (vi)内顆粒層 inner nuclear or granule layer:

双極細胞 bipolar cell,水平細胞 horizontal cell

短枝無軸索細胞 amacrine cell,ミュラー細胞 Muller cellなどの核    (vii)内網状層 inner plexiform layer

   (viii)神経細胞層 ganglion cell layer    (ix)視神経線維層 layer of optic nerve fiber    (x) 内境界膜 inner limiting membrane

 *狭義のRetina (retinaのsensory portion): (ii)〜(x)

(2)視神経円板 Discus nervi optici(=Papilla nervi optici), optic disc  視神経乳頭   円盤陥凹 Excavatio disci(=Excavitio papillae)  乳頭陥凹

(3)黄斑 Macula (lutea)  中心窩 central fovea (4)鋸状縁 Ora serrata

   4)水晶体 Lens

(1)水晶体包 lens capsule  (水晶体被膜Capsula lentis)   (i)水晶体前面 Facies anterior lentis・・・・厚いthick   (ii)水晶体後面 Facies posterior lentis・・・・薄いthin (2)水晶体上皮 lens epithelium

  (i)水晶体前面 Facies anterior lentis・・・・simple cuboidal epithelium   (ii)水晶体赤道 Equator lentis・・・・simple columnar epithelium   (iii)水晶体後面 Facies posterior lentis・・・・lens fiber

(3)水晶体線維 lens fiber

  水晶体赤道 Equator lentis・・・nuclear zone or transitional zone, ciliary zonule of Zinn (4)水晶体皮質 Cortex lentis

(5)水晶体核 Nucleus lentis・・・・線維よりなる

(6)毛様(体)小帯 Zonula ciliaris   水晶(体)小帯

   5)硝子体 vitreous body    6)前眼房 anterior chamber    7)後眼房 posterior chamber    8)眼房水 aqueous humor

Ⅵ-2-2 ウサギ涙腺 Lacrimal gland (Gl. lacrimalis) of a rabbit    1)複合管状胞状腺 compound tubulo-alveolar gland    2)小葉 lobule

(1)分泌腺房 secretory acinus

  (i)分泌細胞 secretory cell・・・・泡沫状 foamy appearance

  (ii)筋上皮細胞 myoepithelial cell・・・・inside of the basement membrane (2)小葉内涙小管 intralobular duct・・・・a layer of low columnar or cuboidal cell    3)小葉間結合組織 interlobular connective tissue

(1)小葉間涙小管 intralobular duct・・・・two layers

Ⅵ-2-3 眼瞼 Eyelid (Palpebrae): sagittal section    1)前表面 anterior surface

(1)皮膚 skin (2)生毛 Lanugo

(3)脂肪がない almost no fat    2)中層 middle layer

(1)眼輪筋 M. orbicularis oculi・・・・striated muscle   (i)眼瞼部 Pars palpebralis

   3)後表面 posterior surface =眼瞼結膜 palpebral conjunctiva (1)粘膜 mucous membrane

  (i)重層円柱上皮 stratified columnar epithelium   (ii)杯細胞 goblet cell

(2)瞼板 tarsal plate

  (i)マイボーム脂腺 sebaceous gland of Meibom   (ii)上瞼板筋 M. tarsalis superior・・・・smooth muscle (3)(眼瞼挙筋の腱 tendon of levator palpebrae muscle) (4)クラウゼ副涙腺 accessory lacrimal gland of Krause    4)眼瞼縁 palpebral limbus

(1)粘膜皮膚境界 muco-cutaneous junction (2)リオラン睫毛筋 ciliary muscle of Riolan (3)睫毛、マツゲ eyelash or cilium

(4)ツァイス脂腺 sebaceous gland of Zeiss

(5)モル睫毛腺 ciliary gland of Moll (=sweat gland)

Ⅵ-3-1, Ⅲ-6 外耳道 External auditory meatus (Meatus acusticus externus)    1)皮膚 skin

(1)乳頭 Papilla・・・・薄いか、ない thin or devoid    2)耳毛 Tragi

(1)大脂腺 large sebaceous gland・・・・毛包hair follicle

   3)耳道腺ceruminous gland (=Gl. ceruminosa)・・・・coiled tubular apocrine sweat gland (1)皮膚のfree surface に直接開口

(2)脂腺と共にhair follicle に開口

(3)耳垢Cerumen・・・・脂腺の分泌物+耳道腺の分泌物

   4)皮下組織Subcutis(-) 軟骨膜 Perichondrium    5)弾性軟骨 elastic cartilage

Ⅵ-3-2 サル鼓膜 Tympanic membrane (Membrana tympani) of a monkey    ツチ骨Malleus

   1)皮膚層 Stratum cutaneum <外耳道 external auditory canal側>

重層扁平上皮 stratified squamous epithelium

   2)固有層 Lamina propria・・・・膠原線維 collagenous fiber    3)粘膜層 Stratum mucosum <鼓室 tympanic cavity側>

単層扁平上皮 simple squamous epithelium

Ⅵ-3-3 サル蝸牛 Cochlea of a monkey: vertical section

蝸牛 Cochlea : 蝸牛底 Basis cochleae, 蝸牛頂 Cupula cochleae    1)蝸牛軸 Modiolus

(1)蝸牛軸縦管 Canales longitudinales modioli   蝸牛神経 N. cochleae

(2)蝸牛軸ラセン管 Canales spiralis modioli   ラセン神経節 Ganglion spirale

  骨ラセン神経節 Ganglion spiralis ossea: 各回転中央部   (i)ラセン板鈎 Hamulus laminae spiralis: 最後の回転   (ii)蝸牛孔 Helicotrema : Scala vestibuli⇔ Scala tympani    2)蝸牛ラセン管 Canalis spiralis cochleae

(1)前庭階 Scala vestibuli (2)鼓室階 Scala tympani (3)蝸牛管 Ductus cochlearis

  (i)前庭階壁 Paries vestibularis=Membrana vestibularis(上壁)=Reissner's membrane 内皮 Endothelium <Scala vestibuli側>

結合組織 connective tissue

単層扁平上皮 simple squamous epithelium <Ductus cochlearis側>

  (ii)外壁 Paries externus (Ductus cochlearis)=骨膜(外壁)

ラセン靭帯 Lig. spirale cochleae=Periosteum・・・・simple cuboidal epithelium 血管条 Stria vascularis・・・・Lamina propria

ラセン隆起 Prominentia spiralis 外ラセン溝 Sulcus spiralis externus   (iii)鼓室階壁 Paries tympanicus(下壁)

   a)ラセン板縁 Limbus (laminae) spiralis (osseae) (a)前庭唇 Labuim limbi vestibulare (Vestibular lip)   蓋膜 Membrana tectoria

(b)鼓室唇 Labium limbi tympanicum(tympanic lip) (c)内ラセン溝 Sulcus spiralis internus : 両lips 間    b)ラセン膜Membrana spiralis=Lamina spiralis membranacea

(a)特殊感覚上皮=Organum spirale(Corti)(上層)

(b)基底板 Lamina basilaris(中層)

(c)鼓室階被層 tympanic covering layer(下層)

  上皮と結合組織connective tissue

(d)ラセン器、コルチ器 Organum spirale=Organum Cortii  α) ラセン弓 Arcus spiralis

 =内柱 inner pillar(1列)+外柱 outer pillar(1列)

   内柱細胞 inner pillar cell    外柱細胞 outer pillar cell

   コルチの内トンネル inner tunnel =tunnel of Corti  β) ラセン弓 Arcus spiralisの内方

   内有毛細胞inner hair cell・・・・聴毛 auditory hair 1列row

   内指節細胞inner phalangeal cell(内有毛細胞の支持細胞 1列)

   境界細胞 border cell    内トンネルinner tunnel

 γ) ラセン弓 Arcus spiralisの外方

   外有毛細胞outer hair cell・・・・聴毛 auditory hair 3〜5列    外指節細胞outer phalangeal cell

  (外有毛細胞の支持細胞 supporting cell of Deiters 3〜5列)

   ヌエル腔 space of Nuel: 外柱とDeiters' cell or outer hair cellとの間    ヘンゼル細胞 cell of Hensen 5〜8列、 背が高い

   外トンネルinner tunnel

   クラウディス細胞 cell of Claudius 3〜4列、単層立方    ベッチャー細胞 cell of Boettcher 3〜4列、

ドキュメント内 橡slides (ページ 48-57)

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