第 3 章 ラオスの行政機構・組織
３ 国有企業（ SOE ： State Owned Enterprises ）
ラオスでは、1975年に社会主義体制に移行した際に当時の民間企業のほとんどを国有化 した経緯があり、国内には国有企業（SOE）が数多く存在していた。その数は資料により 幅があるが、IMF（2002年）によると1989年頃までは約640の国有企業が存在し、非農 業就労人口の10％にあたる16,000人を雇用していたとされる。1986年から始まった新経 済メカニズム（NEM）により本格的に国有企業（SOE）改革が始まり、初期には独立採 算制へ移行が行われた。その後本格的な民営化や合併、合弁が実施され、2005年段階では 147社にまで数が減ってきている。現在ではSOEの従業員は全雇用者の1％、工業生産の 15％を占めるに過ぎなくなっている。
次表は財務省国有財産管理局（Department of State Assets Management）から入手し た現在の国有企業（SOE）の一覧であり、中央省庁所管と県所管に分かれる（同じ企業名 が複数出ているが、これは同様の企業を異なる省庁・県が有しているためと思われる）。国 有企業（SOE）改革以前の業種は全体の4分の3が製造業、残りが建設、電気、鉱業が占 めていたが、現在の業種は建設、通信、貿易、銀行、観光、食品、製造と多岐に渡る。外 資系企業の出資を受けている国有企業（SOE）以外のほとんどは国の 100％出資であり、
2002-2003 年度は政府の歳入のうち国有企業（SOE）からの配当が約 865 億キープ（約
865万米ドル）となっている。
図表３－７ 国有企業一覧（2005年）
整理番号 企業名 政府出資比率
1 Lao State Fuel Company 100%
2 Electricite Du Laos 100%
3 Capital Water Supply State Enterprise 100%
4 Enterprise des Postes Lao 100%
5 Lao Airlines Co ltd 100%
6 Enterprise of Telecommunications Lao 100%
7 Agriculture Industry Development Import-Export 100%
8 Lao Brewery Co., Ltd. 50%
9 Lao Soft Drink Co., Ltd 30%
10 Lao Insurance Co ltd 49%
11 Lao Telecommunication Enterprise 51%
12 Lao Tobacco Co ltd 47%
13 Lao-Asia Telecom State Enterprise 100%
14 Bank for Foreign Trade of Lao 100%
15 Lao Development Bank 100%
16 PHOUDOI DEVELOPMENT GROUP 100%
17 Agricultural Promotion Bank 100%
18 DAFI State Enterprise 100%
19 Societe Lao Import-Export 100%
20 Vientiane Capital Trading State Co., 100%
21 Lao State Materials Company 100%
22 LanXang Development and Service Im-Ex 100%
23 Lao International Trading and Service 100%
24 Education Printing Enterprise 100%
25 Education Equipment Production Factory 100%
26 Agricultural and Irrigation Enterprise 100%
27 Lao Concrete Co ltd 100%
28 Lao Cotton ltd 100%
29 Barite Mining State Enterprise 100%
30 State Printing Enterprise 100%
31 Pharmaceutical Factory N.2 100%
32 Pharmacy Factory N.3 Enterprise 100%
33 Lao Lottery Enterprise 100%
34 Noum Lao Printing House 100%
35 State Employment Enterprise 100%
36 Lao Transport Engineering Consult 100%
37 Road No.8 Construction Enterprise 100%
38 Survey Design and Material Testing 100%
39 River Transportation Enterprise 100%
40 Communication Construction 100%
41 River Work Survey Design and Construction 100%
42 South Road-Bridge No13 Co Ltd 100%
43 Diplomatic Services Bureau 100%
44 Vientiane Petroleum State Enterprise 100%
45 Lao Air State Company 100%
46 Lao-Singapore Construction Co., Ltd. 40%
47 Lao Diethelm Tourism Co ltd 25%
48 Inter-Lao Tourism 49%
49 BO-BAIKAL 50%
50 Lao Tourism Company 100%
中央省庁所管国有企業（SOE）
整 理 番 号
企業名 政府出資比率
51 State Bus Company 100%
52 Nakhonelouang Printing 100%
53 Vientiane Municipality Road and Bridge C.S.E 100%
54 State Food Stuff Enterprise 100%
55 Lane Xang Labour State Company 100%
56 Saysomboun Development Tourism 100%
57 Gravel Company 100%
58 SayKong Tourism 100%
59 State Security Services Enterprise 100%
60 Northern Transportation 20%
61 Thongpong Central Technical Service 20%
62 Weighting Service Enterprise 10%
63 Lane Xang Hotel Enterprise 30%
64 Khounta Timber Processing COLTD 40%
65 Mekong Commerce Building Co.LTD 30%
66 Lao-Viet Construction 50%
67 Vientiane Pharmaceutical Import-Export Co.LTD 40%
68 Lao Water Supply Enterprise 100%
69 Houapanh Trade Import-Export Company 100%
70 Huaphan Water Supply 100%
71 Foods Import-Export Trade Enterprise 100%
72 Import-Export Trade Enterprise 100%
73 Road-Bridge Provincial Enterprise 100%
74 Boten Salt Processing Factory Enterprise 100%
75 Import-Export Trade Enterprise 100%
76 Foods Enterprise 100%
77 Lao Water Supply Enterprise 100%
78 Provincial Road-Bridge Enterprise 100%
79 Provincial Irrigation Enterprise 100%
80 Sayaboury Guest House Enterprise 100%
81 Essence Factory Enterprise 100%
82 Say Nam Houng Tourism Company 100%
83 Bokeo Water Supply Enterprise 100%
84 Provincial Irrigation Enterprise 100%
85 Road-Bridge Construction Enterprise 100%
86 Provincial Trade Enterprise 100%
87 North Mixed Enterprise 51%
88 Oudomxay Water Supply Enterprise 100%
89 Irrigation Rehabilitation and Construction Company 100%
90 Road-Bridge Company 100%
91 Provincial Printing 100%
92 Luangprabang Water Supply Company 100%
93 Luangprabang Maintenance Road-Bridge N.1 100%
94 S.A.R.L Souvannaphoum 0%
95 Luang Prabang Travel 100%
96 Phousy Hotel 30%
97 Irrigation Construction Company 100%
98 Pansea Phouvao Hotel 0%
99 Cereal and Food Company 100%
各県所管国有企業（SOE）
整理番号 企業名 政府出資比率
101 Xiengkeo Luangprabang Hotel 0%
102 Phouphieng Development Enterprise 100%
103 Development Trade Enterprise 100%
104 Lao Water Supply Enterprise 100%
105 Vientiane Province Road-Bridge Company 100%
106 Road-Bridge No.10 Company 100%
107 Rural Road-Bridge Company 100%
108 Irrigation Design, Survey Company 100%
109 Irrigation Rehabilitation and Construction Company 100%
110 Vientiane Water Supply Company 100%
111 Vientiane Foods Enterprise 100%
112 Special Zone Development Enterprise 100%
113 Phoubia Import-Export Trade Enterprise 100%
114 Provincial Foods Enterprise 100%
115 Rural Development Enterprise 100%
116 Irrigation Enterprise 100%
117 Bolikhamxay Road-Bridge and Irrigation Construction 100%
118 Bolikhamxay Water Supply Enterprise 100%
119 Provincial Trade Enterprise 100%
120 Khammuane Water Supply 100%
121 Khammouane Design and Construction 100%
122 Thakhek Chalk Factory 100%
123 Communication Rehabilitation and Construction 100%
124 Import-Export Production Promotion Enterprise 100%
125 Provincial Road-Bridge Enterprise 100%
126 Printing Enterprise 100%
127 Lao-Korean Tin Co, Ltd 73%
128 Provincial Printing Enterprise 100%
129 Provincial Foods Enterprise 100%
130 Lao Water Supply Enterprise 100%
131 Gypsum Mining Enterprise 100%
132 Wood Processing Division 100%
133 Savannakhet Irrigation Construction State Enterprise 100%
134 Provincial Foods Enterprise 100%
135 Provincial Irrigation Rehabilitation and Construction 100%
136 Bridge No 1 Company 100%
137 Champasack Road Rehabilitation and Construction 100%
138 Champasack Distr. Agricultural Machinery 100%
139 Completed Systemic Road-Bridge Construction Co. 100%
140 Champasack Water Supply Company 100%
141 Champasack natural Fertilizer Factory 100%
142 CBF Pharmacy Factory 100%
143 Saravane Water Supply 100%
144 Road-Bridge Construction Enterprise 100%
145 State Trade Enterprise 100%
146 Water Supply Enterprise 100%
147 Import-Export Trade Enterprise 100%
148 Attapue Water Supply Enterprise 100%
149 Irrigation, Design, Survey Enterprise 100%
各県所管国有企業（SOE）