第 5 章 プロジェクトの評価
3. PCM ワークショップにおける参加者の意見に関する留意点
村落住民の抱えている問題として、給水施設の運営維持管理の知識が不十分であるだ けではなく、そのオーナーシップも欠けているという意見があった。上述のように、
パイロット地域に限定するものの、新たなアウトプット 4 の活動として、コミュニテ ィでの給水施設の運営維持管理にかかる支援を行うことにした。よって、運営維持管 理に関する知識やスキルの向上が期待できる。
文化、地形、社会状況、環境など地域特性の観点から、フェーズ 2 の対象地域で抽出 された経験や結果が、全国の各地域で活用されるようになることが必要であるという 意見が出された。本プロジェクトでは、地域特性を踏まえた研修補完教材を作成し、
それを活用した研修を実施するため、パイロット地域で抽出された経験や結果が、そ の他の地域でも有効に活用されると考えられる。また、パイロット地域の対象コミュ ニティで確立されたアプローチが全国で活用されるように、ワークショップを通じて、
能力開発にかかるガイドラインなどは複雑で使いづらいことから、利用者にとって活 用し易い、ユーザー・フレンドリーな研修パッケージを作成する必要があるという議 論があった。よって、本プロジェクトでは、それを考慮した活動を加えることにした。
ワークショップの時間が 1 日では短すぎるとの意見があった。同内容のワークショッ プであれば、最低でも2日間は必要であったと思われる。
以上
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-1㧦PCMࡢ࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊෳട⠪ࠬ࠻
ฬ ೨ ᕈ ᚲ ዻ ⡯
1 Pascal Ngunda ↵ Sikonge DC DWE
2 Dickson C. Benjamin ↵ Mtwara DC DWE
3 Renatus J. Shinhu ↵ MoWI HG
4 Edward Robert ↵ MoWI Civil Eng
5 Alfred I.Shayo ↵ RS-Kilimanjaro RWA
6 Mussa I. Msangi ↵ Same DC DWE
7 Eng.Alphonce Mganga ↵ RS-Coast RWA 8 Ramadhani Hamza Singano ↵ MoW HG 9 Phinihas O.Mgondo ↵ RS-Lindi RWA 10 Msaru L.Msangi ↵ Ruvuma Basin BWO
11 Gaston R.Ntulo ↵ Igunga DC DWE
12 Ridda Dally ᅚ RUWASA-CAD Ass.Facilitator 13 Amani F. Nyekele ↵ Kibaha DC DWE
14 Warioba Sanya ↵ RS Mwanza RWA
15 Boaz Pius ↵ Kwmba DC DWE
16 Elikalia Edward ↵ Sengerema DC Water engineer
17 Mbaraka Kilangai ↵ Lndi DC DWE
18 Neema Siara ᅚ Mow CP Ruwasa
19 Azizi Namanga ↵ Temeke Ag.MWE
20 Renatus Manoga ↵ RS-DSM HG
21 B.L Mudwegele ↵ RS Mtwara RWA
22 Fransis Bwire ↵ Masasi DC Ag. DWE
23 Frobert Andrea ↵ Rufiji DC DWE
24 Dialista A.T Kirenga ᅚ MoW CDO
25 John Mkumwa ↵ MoW CDO
26 Amani B.Mafuru ↵ Mow AD-CWSD
27 Amos Byemerwa ↵ RS-Iringa Water Eng.
28 Stephene Sengeyane ↵ Njombe DC DWE
29 Frida Rweyimamu ᅚ Mow AD-CWSD
30 Grace Nsanya ᅚ MoW PCT Principal Hydrologist 31 Dorisia Mulashani ᅚ MoW CWSD Engineer
32 RichardJ. Lugomela ↵ RS-Tabora RWA
⇛ ⺆
Ag.: Acting Person
CDO: Community Development Officer CP: Counterparts of RUWASA-CAD DC: District Council
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-2㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔㘃㧕
Beneficiaries Implementing agencies Decision-makers
Water committee MoW (Ministry of Water) WEOs (ward executive officers)
Rural communities BWO (Basin Water Officers) Political leaders
School students RWST (Regional Water and
Sanitation Team) Central Government
WUEs (Water user entities) DWST (District Water Sanitation
Team) MPs (Member of Parliament )
COWSO (Community Water
Supply Organization) Private suppliers NEMC ( National Environmental management committee)
BWO (Basin Water Officer) WUEs (Water User Entities) MoW ( Ministry of Water)
TANESCO (Tanzania Electric
Supply Company) DFTs (District Facilitation Teams)
Plumbers LGAs (Local Government
Authorities) Supporting groups
DWST (District Water Team) Consultants NGOs (Non Governmental
Organizations)
RWST (Regional Water and Sanitation team)
LGAs (Local Government Authorities)
Councils Aid agencies Private Suppliers
Environmental agencies JICA World Bank
Environmentalist NGOs (Non Governmental
Organization) KfW
Irrigation team DPs (Development partners) Contractors
TANAPA (Tanzania National Parks Authority)
Negatively affected groups Community leaders
Water vendors VEOs (Village Executive Officers)
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-3㧔a㧕㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔⚦ಽᨆ㧕
Community Support Management Section, CWSD, MoW
Problems Solutions Needs
Inadequate financing 䊶 Mobilize financial resources 䊶 Negotiate with development partners
䊶 Project write-up 䊶 Project proposals
Low awareness on WSDP Raise awareness Improve revenue collection
Inadequate of capacities to manage projects
Implement the CD plans, especially
training Education and mobilization
Delay in disbursement of funds
䊶 Comply with Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)
䊶 Adhere to financial agreements
Financial and human resources
Unskilled personnel at all levels Improve employment of skilled personnel
Unlinked institutional set-up Institutional strengthening
Inadequate reporting and monitoring Timely follow-up (Quality and timely reporting)
Duplication of activities
Strengthen coordination among stakeholders (Coordinating activities should be improved.)
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-3㧔b㧕㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔⚦ಽᨆ㧕
BWO
Problems Solutions Needs
Shortage of hydrological maps in our basins
Collection of data through the preparation of hydrological/ hydrogiological maps
䊶 Portable computers 䊶 GPS
䊶 GIS software 䊶 Moving cameras
Lack of GIS knowledge in basin Training on GIS Procure data collection equipments
Inadequate funding Availability of funds Magnetometer
Insufficiency of data collection Collect and manage hydrological data Public address equipments
Insufficiency of data management Collect and manage hydrological data Generators
Inadequate coordination between DWEs and BWO
䊶 Conduct joint meetings between BWO and DWE and LGAs (DWSTs) 䊶 Conduct joint training for BWO and DWEs
Pumping test equipment
Inadequate coordination between BWO and drilling companies
Conduct meetings between drillers and BWO
Resistive machine (tarrameter and its accessories)
Lack of technical equipment Procurement of equipments Transport
Unawareness for the public/community
to apply for water use permit Create awareness Training for BWO
Insufficiency of water sources in our basins
Advertize through TVs, magazines, radios,
etc. Funding
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-3㧔c㧕㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔⚦ಽᨆ㧕
RWST
Problems Solutions Needs
Small budget and inadequate financial
resources Increase budget allocations to RAS Funds for capacity building are needed.
Understaffing in all section of RAS Employ more staff Office equipments
Low capacity on understanding the
RWSSP among members of RWST Provide training for RWST Field equipments
Lack of coordination among members Training for roles and responsibilities Management information system (MIS)
Lack of motivation Provide allowances in meetings for motivation
Resistively machine (tarrameters and its accessories)
Lack of commanding power to LGAs
(RAS structure is not well-setup) Well structure is set up at RAS.
Not conducting regular meetings Improve coordination
Inadequate skills Training in various skills
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-3㧔d㧕㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔⚦ಽᨆ㧕
DWST
Problems Solutions Needs
Inadequate knowledge of DWST members on water, sanitation, and their roles
Training needed for DWST Funds
Members of DWST are heads of departments, so they are busy to meet when needed because of other duties of their departments.
Establishment of subcommittee to support
DWST Participatory process for budgeting
Inadequate funds to support DWST
activities Enough funds should be allocated. Punctuality and feedback system
Disbursements of funds allocated for
implementation of RWSSP are delayed. Funds should be disbursed on time. Human resources
Scaling down of approved budget Approved budget should be respected. Experts
Inter-district meetings among DWST members of different districts to share challenges and experiences
ᷝઃ⾗ᢱ6-3㧔e㧕㧦㑐ଥ⠪ಽᨆ㧔⚦ಽᨆ㧕
People in rural areas
Problems Solutions Needs
Shortage of clean and safe water Availability of clean and safe water Water facilities
Insufficient sanitation facilities Provision of sanitation facilities Sanitation facilities
Insufficient knowledge for operation and
maintenance Training on O&M Training
Lack of sense of ownership Awareness creation Promotion on gender participation
Low incomes per capita Creation of entrepreneurship opportunities
Lack of knowledge on water resource management
Awareness on water resource management
Existence of water borne diseases/water-related diseases
䊶 Availability of clean and safe water 䊶 Educate hygiene and hand washing
Traditional /cultural behaviors (taboos) Creation of awareness
lack of gender participation Creation of gender balance
ઃ⾗ᢱ6-4㧦㗴♽࿑ ̪ޓਅ߳⛯ߊ ⛯߈
Inadequate performances of DWST, RWST, and BWO CD Support for DWST,RWST,and BWO are not sufficient.
Access to clean and safe water by rural population is not certain in Tanzania. Contents of training system model and training package are insufficient. CD is given less priority. Inconsistent flows between plans and the implementation
Improper flow of information Inadequate stakeholders' participation in preparation of training system model and training package
Training package is not user-friendly format and language. monization of policies ong development partners ot well-coordinated.
Reviewing time of teaching materials is not ready.
Core Problem
Direct Efects Direct Causes ach and ology on Personnel capacity is not sufficient in DWST, RWST, BWO, and MoW.
In terms of the administrative structure, there are no direct linkages among stakeholders.
Inadequate coordination and cooperation Unattractive employment package
Insufficiency of consultation skills on preparation of CD plans by DWST, RWST, and BWO Teaching Materials are not adaptive across the country. Teaching materials are not completely reviewed. Target areas for phase one are not able to be applied to other parts of the country in terms of culture, social condition, geography, and environment.
Lessons learned are not disseminated to other areas. Insufficient resources Political interference
Limited and misallocated resources, such as transport, fund, and staff Insufficient skills on preparation of CD plans by DWST, RWST, and BWO
Inadequate time for preparation of CD plans Inadequate communication among DWST, RWST, and BWO Inadequate communication among DWST, RWST, and BWO
Inadequate participatory planning with stakeholders
Duplication of CD activities
Inappropriate coordination and collaboration to implement CD plans Direct Causes