ɗɄɋɉȿɊɂɆȿɇɌȺɅɖɇɈȿ ɂɋɋɅȿȾɈȼȺɇɂȿ ɂɇɌɈɇȺɐɂɈɇɇɕɏ

3.1.1. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ

ɉɪɢ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ, ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ, ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɬɨɝɨ ɠɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɢɯ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ. ɐɟɥɶɸ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ «ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɪɪɟɥɹɰɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɭɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ» (ɋɬɟɩɢɯɨɜ 2005:5).

ɋɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɬɢɩɚɷɬɨɝɨɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɨɬɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 3.1.3. «Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɬɟɦɩɚɪɟɱɢ».

ȼ ɯɨɞɟ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɭɡɤɢɣ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣɤɨɪɩɭɫ, ɛɵɥɢɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ, ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɟɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1, ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɢɠɟ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɚɯ 1-4,ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ 3.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1 ɋɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɹɡɵɤɚ

Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ

ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ Ɉɛɭɱɚɸɳɚɹ

ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɧɚ

Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ

ɪɚɛɨɬɵ % ɤɨɛɳɟɦɭ

1 34 20 18

2 25 23 16,5

3 21 18 22

4 8 12 14

5 5 11 10

6 4,2 6 7

7 1,2 2,5 4

8 0,8 2 4,3

9 - 1,6 1,8

10 0,4 1,3

-11 0,2 1,3 1,8

12 0,2 - 0,6

13 - 0,5

-14 - -

-15 - -

-16 - 0,8

-ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨɞɚɧɧɵɦɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 1, ɜɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɜɨɮɪɚɡɚɯ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 12. Ɉɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨ-, ɞɜɭɯ- ɢ ɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ, ɫ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦɨɞɧɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ (ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɤɨɛɳɟɦɭ 34 %, 25 %, 21 %). ȼɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ ɜɨ ɮɪɚɡɚɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 16; ɨɞɧɨ-, ɞɜɭɯ- ɢ ɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɫ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɜɭɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ, ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬ ɤ ɨɛɳɟɦɭ 20 %, 23 %, 18 %. ɇɚɡɚɳɢɬɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɜɨɮɪɚɡɚɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ 1 ɞɨ 12; ɨɞɧɨ-, ɞɜɭɯ- ɢ ɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ. ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢɦɟɸɬɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟɮɪɚɡɵ.ɉɪɨɰɟɧɬɤɨɛɳɟɦɭɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ 18 %, 16,5 %, 22 %. ȼ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ 12 ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ, ɜ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ 12, 14 ɢ 15 ɫɧɬɝɚɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ, ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ 10- ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟɮɪɚɡɵ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡɜɪɟɱɢɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣɹɡɵɤɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɨɞɧɨɣɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɵ: - (Ɉɉ: 1-2) ^˹Good_»morningŒ

- (ȼɄ: 2-1) That’s a_\health belief_»modelŒ - (ɁɄɊ: 9-12) This is a^ʜmajor\crisesŒ

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɞɜɭɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ:

- (Ɉɉ: 1-9)^ʜSo for >me Ňthat was a very easy com^˹muni\cationŒ

- (ȼɄ: 8-14) The^ʜstrategies are a bit_»different Ňbut the^ʜprinciples are the\sameŒ - (ɁɇɊ: 9-3) And to^vsentence^˹up Ň I’ll give you a^˹little bit of a \background Œ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ:

- (Ɉɉ: 2-3) This is usually for an as^\assignment we might need to present on a _»caseŇor a

vproblem in^˹areaŇor^ʜmay be on a^ʜjournal article reading that we’ve\doneŒ

- (ȼɄ: 6-8)^ʜWhy did it^vtake usŇ until the^ʜnineteen\eightiesŇ to recog\nise this .pandemic?Œ - (ɁɄɊ: 10-20) And >why it is er Ňcon^ʜsidered to ^ʜfall on the _»lowest trendŇbecause of ^ʜline right\hereŒ

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ:

- (Ɉɉ: 2-16) What is^ʜgoing to ^vfollow ^˹nowŇis some >tipsŇ and >strategiesŇ on^ʜhow to give a^ʜgood presen_\tationŒ

- (ȼɄ: 6-5) In ^\factŇHI^ʜV is a ^ʜvirus that has ^ʜentered into ^ʜhuman popu_»lationsŇin the ^ʜearly

ʜparts of the^ʜtwentieth_\centuryŇper^ʜhaps even_\earlierŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 9-8) If the^ʜminors ^ʜnoticed the^ʜcanary was no longer_»singingŇor it was^ʜswaying on its

>perchŇor even^ʜworse that it was_\deadŇthey knew it was^ʜtime to get out of_\mineŒ ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɩɹɬɢɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ:

- (Ɉɉ: 3-25) ^vNext I’d ^˹like toŇ^ʜtake up a po^ʜtential e>xampleŇof the >shadowŇas ^ʜevidence through the re^ʜview >processŇwith the^ʜnotion of re^ʜview\flamingŒ

- (ȼɄ: 8-4) And ^ʜmy con^ʜviction has ^valways ^˹beenŇthat ^ʜcreativity is an ope^vrational ^˹idea Ň^ʜyou can\plan for itŇand^ʜmake it\happenŇsyste\maticallyŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 3-23) We ^ʜactually can ^ʜmeasure the ve^Ĺlocity of blood that ^ʜenters >theŇleft ventricle

ʜchamber to the^ʜmitre ^vwellŇby >using >erŇ>er doppler ^ʜprobe placing a ^ʜsample volume at the

>entranceŇer of the^ʜmitre^vwellŒ

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɢɯɢɡɲɟɫɬɢɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ:

- (Ɉɉ: 3-22) The in^vtent of re^˹viewsŇis primarily to^ʜcriticise an^ʜtique academic ^workŇand the

ʜnotion here is that^ʜthose who are una^ʜware of their^vshadowsŇwill tend to pro^\ject^»themŇmeaning that they will^vsee themŇ in^ʜother_\peopleŒ

- (ȼɄ: 6-24) So there are _\animals out_»thereŇso >there they be er Ňdo^ʜmestic animals ^ʜlike_»pigs Ňor _»chickensŇ»wild animals like ^˹chimpanzees and ^˹monkeysŇ^ʜall of these ^ʜanimals have their ^Ĺown par^ʜticular^ʜviral di_\seasesŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 2-27) And >thenŇthe ^ʜother thing that ins_\pired meŇfor all these _\names that appear

˹behind you,Ň^ʜeach one is a_\journalistŇor _\citizenŇthat is^ʜcurrently in ^ʜprison as up to_\dayŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 1 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɨɞɧɨɣɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɵ

Ɉɉ: 1-2) ^˹Good_»morningŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 2 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɞɜɭɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ (Ɉɉ: 1-9)

Ɉɉ: 1-9)^ʜSo for >me Ňthat was a very easy com^˹muni_\cationŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 3 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ (Ɉɉ: 2-3)

This is usually for an as^\assignment we might need to present on a_»caseŇor a^vproblem in

˹areaŇor^ʜmay be on a^ʜjournal article reading that we’ve\doneŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 4

Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ (ȼɄ: 6-5)

ȼɄ: 6-5) In^\factŇHI^ʜV is a^ʜvirus that has^ʜentered into^ʜhuman popu_»lationsŇin the^ʜearly^ʜparts of the^ʜtwentieth_\centuryŇper^ʜhaps even_\earlierŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 5 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɩɹɬɢɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ (ȼɄ: 8-4)

And^ʜmy con^ʜviction has^valways^˹beenŇthat^ʜcreativity is an ope^vrational^˹idea Ň^ʜyou can\plan for itŇand^ʜmake it\happenŇsyste\maticallyŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 6 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɚɹɢɡɲɟɫɬɢɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ (ȼɄ: 6-24)

ȼɄ: 6-24) So there are\animals out_»thereŇso >there they be er Ňdo^ʜmestic animals^ʜlike_»pigs Ňor_»chickensŇ»wild animals like^˹chimpanzees and^˹monkeysŇ^ʜall of these^ʜanimals have their^Ĺown

par^ʜticular^ʜviral di\seasesŒ

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɬɢɩɵɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ, ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ) ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɨɞɧɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ (34 %), ɜ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɞɜɭɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ (23 %), ɧɚɡɚɳɢɬɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵ - ɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟɮɪɚɡɵ (22

%). ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɹɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɟɺɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɨɣ (ɭɱɟɬɨɦɨɪɚɬɨɪɚɦɢɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɚɞɪɟɫɚɬɚɤɚɠɞɨɝɨɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨɬɢɩɚɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ).

ɂɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɩɨɬɨɤɚɡɜɭɱɚɳɟɣɪɟɱɢ. Ⱦɪɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɮɪɚɡ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟɦɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ, ɱɬɨɢɦɟɟɬɦɟɫɬɨɩɪɢɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɝɞɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ ɜɨ ɮɪɚɡɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɬɶ ɲɟɫɬɧɚɞɰɚɬɢ. ɉɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ ɜ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɦ. ɉɪɨɫɬɚɹ ɨɞɧɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɭɩɪɨɳɚɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɱɢ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɹ, ɬɚɤɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɨɛɴɟɦɨɫɦɵɫɥɹɟɦɨɣɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ “cɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ – ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ ɤɨɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɦɨɱɶ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ, ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɹ ɫɭɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɰɢɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɝɨ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚ” (ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜ 2008:85). ɉɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɞɜɭɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɪɟɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɤ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɭ ɢ ɡɧɚɧɢɹɦ ɩɚɪɬɧɟɪɚɦɢ), ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɭ

ɭɞɟɥɢɬɶɛɨɥɶɲɟɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɧɟɩɪɢɛɟɝɚɹɤɱɪɟɡɦɟɪɧɨɦɭɭɩɪɨɳɟɧɢɸɢ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɢɟɝɨɮɨɪɦɵ.

3.1.2. Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɦɟɥɨɞɢɤɢɢɮɪɚɡɨɜɨɝɨɭɞɚɪɟɧɢɹ

Ɇɟɥɨɞɢɤɚ - ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣɢɜɚɠɧɵɣɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɢ. ɉɨɞɦɟɥɨɞɢɤɨɣ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ ɝɨɥɨɫɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ. ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɡɜɭɱɚɧɢɹ ɮɪɚɡɵ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɚɹɜɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɯɬɪɭɞɚɯɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯɢɡɚɪɭɛɟɠɧɵɯɮɨɧɟɬɢɫɬɨɜ: ɩɪɟɞɬɚɤɬ (prehead/prenucleus); ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (head); ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ (nucleus);

ɡɚɬɚɤɬ (tail) (Bolinger 1986, Crystal 1969, Ⱥɧɬɢɩɨɜɚ 1979, ȼɢɲɧɟɜɫɤɚɹ 2002 ɢɞɪ.).

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2 Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɬɢɩɨɜɲɤɚɥɜɪɟɱɢɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ – ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɹɡɵɤɚ

Ɉɛɭɱɚɸɳɚɹɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ

Ɍɢɩɲɤɚɥɵ Stepping Head Sliding Head Medium Level Head Low Level Head

ɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ 523

ɢɬɨɝɨ 495 18 11

% 95 3 2

ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟɧɚɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ

Ɍɢɩɲɤɚɥɵ Stepping Head Sliding Head Medium Level Head Low Level Head

ɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ 375

ɢɬɨɝɨ 370 4 1

% 98 1,6 0,4

-Ɂɚɳɢɬɚɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵ

Ɍɢɩɲɤɚɥɵ Stepping Head Sliding Head Medium Level Head Low Level Head

ɨɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ 325

ɢɬɨɝɨ 324 1

% 99,7 0,3

-ȼ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ, ɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɮɪɚɡ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɬɚɤɬɚ, ɲɤɚɥɵ, ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ ɢ ɡɚɬɚɤɬɚ. Ƚɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɨɧɬɭɪɚɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɧɵɯɮɪɚɡɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɲɤɚɥɚ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ, ɨɫɨɛɨɟɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɛɵɥɨɭɞɟɥɟɧɨɲɤɚɥɟ, ɤɚɤɝɥɚɜɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɮɪɚɡɵ.

ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɩɪɨɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 2, ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɣɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ 95 %, 98 % ɢ 99,7

% ɜɫɟɯɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ (ɫɦ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2).

ɉɪɢɷɬɨɦ, ɜɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɬɢɩɨɜɲɤɚɥ, ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ: ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ (accidental rise); ɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟ -ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (sliding head) 3 % ɤɨɛɳɟɦɭɱɢɫɥɭɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ; ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɪɨɜɧɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head) 2 %. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɲɤɚɥɵ ɜ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ: ɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (sliding head) 1,6 %; ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹɪɨɜɧɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head) 0,4 %. ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head) 0,3 %, ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ, ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɬɢɩɲɤɚɥɵɧɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɢɩɟ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ. ɇɢɡɤɚɹ ɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (low level head) ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɭɫɬɧɵɯɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɮɨɧɟɬɢɫɬɚɦɢɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɚɦɢɧɟɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɚ.

Ɉɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɹɫɶɧɚɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɯɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɨɜ, ɤɚɫɚɸɳɢɯɫɹɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɲɤɚɥ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ – ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 2 ɡɞɟɫɶ, ɦɨɠɧɨɫɞɟɥɚɬɶɜɵɜɨɞɨɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɣɞɥɹɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɚɡ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (stepping head). ȼ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɲɤɚɥɨɣ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɬɢɩɨɜɲɤɚɥ, ɚɢɦɟɧɧɨ: ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚɫɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ (accidental rise); ɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (sliding head); ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head). ȼ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ -ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɲɤɚɥɨɣɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟɜɦɟɧɶɲɟɣɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɫɤɨɥɶɡɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (sliding head) ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head). ȼ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ (medium level head), ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɣɬɢɩɲɤɚɥɵɧɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦɜɷɬɨɦɬɢɩɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢ. ɇɢɡɤɚɹɪɨɜɧɚɹ ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (low level head) ɜɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯɬɢɩɚɯɭɫɬɧɵɯɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɧɟɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ.

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɢɩɚ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚɪɫɟɧɚɥɚ ɢ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɜɵɪɚɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɧɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɮɪɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɜɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ (ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ). ɉɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ, ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (low fall) 63 %, 70 %, 76 % ɜɫɟɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɚɯ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ (ɫɦ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3, ɧɢɠɟ).

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3 ɉɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɟɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɬɨɧɨɜɜɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣɹɡɵɤɚ

Ɉɛɭɱɚɸɳɚɹ

ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ȼɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟɧɚ

ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ Ɂɚɳɢɬɚ

ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ

Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ

ɬɨɧ Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ % Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ % Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ %

Low Fall 332 63 262 70 244 76

Low Rise 40 7 12 3,2 23 7,1

High Fall 54 10,8 57 15,2 21 6,4

High Rise 5 0,9 2 0,5 3 0,9

Fall Rise 29 5,7 28 8,4 19 5,8

Rise Fall 24 4,8 6 1,6 4 1,2

Mid Level Tone 30 6 3 0,8 9 2

Mid Level Rise 6 1,2 1 0,2 -

-Mid Level Fall 3 0,6 4 0,1 2 0,6

ɢɬɨɝɨ 523 100 375 100 325 100

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵɮɪɚɡɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɯɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

- (Ɉɉ: 3-1) I’m de^ʜlighted to have a^ʜchance to\talk with you todayŒ

- (ȼɄ: 1-6) And ^ʜnow I am going to pre\sent to youŇ a ^ʜcultural and lin^ʜguistic \competence framework Œ

- (ɁɄɊ: 6-9) Let’s take a^ʜlook at the^ʜradio^ʜcarbon collabo\ration curve Œ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 7 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (ȼɄ: 1-6)

(Low Fall) (ȼɄ: 1-6) And^ʜnow I am going to pre\sent to youŇ a^ʜcultural and lin^ʜguistic

\competence framework Œ

ɍɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ «ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɫɬɢɥɹɪɟɱɢ: ɥɨɝɢɤɚ, ɫɞɟɪɠɚɧɧɨɫɬɶɢɧɟɞɜɭɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹɜɪɟɱɢɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɵɯ, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɧɨɜ, ɩɪɢɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɜɟɫɨɦɨɫɬɶ» ɉɪɨɯɨɪɨɜɚ 2007:9). Ʉɪɨɦɟɬɨɝɨ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɦɢɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɬɨɧɨɜ ɤɚɤ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (low rise, high fall, fall-rise, rise-fall, mid level tone, mid level rise) ɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (high fall), ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɣ Ɉɉ – 10,8 %; ȼɄ – 15,2 %; ɁɄɊ – 6,4 % ɜɫɟɯɜɵɫɤɚɵɡɜɚɧɢɣɢɧɢɡɤɢɣɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (low rise), ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ 7 %; 3,2 %;7,1 % ɜɫɟɯɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦɢ.

ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɮɪɚɡ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɧɚɦɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (low rise, high fall):

- (Low Rise) (Ɉɉ: 2-2) ^˹Very ^˹often in_\law^˹schoolŇ we^ʜneed to give presen_»tationsŒ

- (High Fall) (Ɉɉ: 1-17) In our ^ʜeveryday’s ^ʜlife’s communi_»cationsŇ we have ^ʜcertain ^ʜstuck

\lines.Œ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 8 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (Ɉɉ: 2-2)

(Low Rise) (Ɉɉ: 2-2) ^˹Very ^˹often in\law^˹schoolŇ we^ʜneed to give presen_»tationsŒ

ɂɡ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 3 ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɹɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɬɨɧɵ: ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (fall-rise 5,7 %), ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (rise-fall 4,8 %), ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ (mid level tone 6 %), ɱɬɨɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬɨɛɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɮɪɚɡ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɬɨɧɚɦɢ: ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟ -ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ (fall-rise, rise-fall, mid level tone):

- (Fall Rise) (Ɉɉ: 1-40) And we have the^ʜfast pace of the militarian^vstructure Œ - (Rise Fall) (Ɉɉ: 1-58)^ʜRight_»nowŇ I’ am not^ʜhearing what ^you are hearingŒ

- (Mid Level Tone) (Ɉɉ: 6-30)^˹Kate_»KaplanŇ in >clinical psy^˹chologyŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 9 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (Ɉɉ: 1-40)

(Fall-Rise) (Ɉɉ: 1-40) And we have the^ʜfast pace of the militarian^vstructure Œ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 10 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (Ɉɉ: 1-58)

(Rise Fall) (Ɉɉ: 1-58)^ʜRight_»nowŇ I’ am not^ʜhearing what ^you are hearingŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 11 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɪɨɜɧɵɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (Ɉɉ: 6-30)

(Mid Level Tone) (Ɉɉ: 6-30)^˹Kate_»KaplanŇ in >clinical psy^˹chologyŒ

ɉɪɢɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢɜɟɫɶɦɚɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɥɶɧɵɦɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (high fall) - 15,8 %, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɬɢɩɚɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ.

- (High Fall) (ȼɄ: 2-2 And >there was Ňyou >know Ňsome de^ʜbate as to ^ʜwhether its an ef^ʜfective way to^ʜtry to do^\researchŒ

Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ (low fall), ɜ ɡɜɭɱɚɳɟɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɮɪɚɡɵ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɚɦɢ (low rise ɢ high fall).

- (Low Rise) (ɁɄɊ: 8-14) This is my up^ʜdated^ʜmap of Pi^ʜcacho right in a_»minuteŒ

- (High Fall) (ɁɄɊ: 9-10) NowŇwhy^ʜmight it be im^ʜportant to actually^\look at biodi^˹versityŒ ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 12 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (ɁɄɊ: 8-14)

(Low Rise)ɁɄɊ: 8-14) This is my up^ʜdated^ʜmap of Pi^ʜcacho right in a_»minuteŒ

ɂɧɬɨɧɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ 13 Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɚɹɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦ (ɁɄɊ: 9-10)

(High Fall) (ɁɄɊ: 9-10) NowŇwhy^ʜmight it be im^ʜportant to actually^\look at biodi^˹versityŒ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɨɧɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ - ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɩɪɨɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 3, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɵɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɢ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɨɧɨɜ, ɚ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɲɢɪɨɤɢɣɚɪɫɟɧɚɥɨɦɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɬɨɧɚɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɬɨɧɨɦɜɪɟɱɢɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ - ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣɹɡɵɤɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɚɢɦɟɧɧɨ, ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ (low fall), ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ ɫ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɚɪɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɪɟɱɢ. Ɉɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɬɨɧɨɜ, ɤɚɤ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟ -ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧɢɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ (low rise, high fall, fall-rise, rise-fall, mid level tone, mid level rise), ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵɦɢ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɬɨɧɵ - ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (fall-rise, rise-fall, mid level tone) ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜ ɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɞɨɥɹɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɞɚɸɬ ɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɫɨɛɭɸ ɫɞɟɪɠɚɧɧɭɸ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɭɟɦɵɟɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɬɢɩɚɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ.

Ɇɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɬɢɩɨɜɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ

ɇɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɭɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɛɵɥɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ (ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ, ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ, ɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ). Ⱦɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢɧɚɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟɛɵɥɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɚɧɚɥɢɡɜɵɛɨɪɚɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɢɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨɬɢɩɚɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣɜɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢɫɬɟɦɨɣɢɥɢɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ). ɉɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨɜɬɚɛɥɢɰɚɯ 1-3,ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ 3. ɉɨɥɧɵɣɫɩɢɫɨɤɦɨɞɟɥɟɣɢɢɯɪɚɫɲɢɮɪɨɜɤɚɞɚɧɵɜ ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ 4.

ɋɥɭɯɨɜɨɣ ɢ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɮɪɚɡɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɢɜɪɟɱɢɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɫɱɢɬɚɬɶɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ: (1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low

Fall) +/-Tail, ɝɞɟɧɢɡɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɩɪɢɞɚɟɬɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɸ, ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ; (2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail, ɝɞɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɜɧɨɫɢɬ ɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ. ȼ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ1 ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ 63 % ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (high fall), ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ2, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɨ 10,8 % ɜɫɟɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ (low fall), ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ1, ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ 70 % ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (high fall), ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ2, ɜ 15,2 % ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ. ɉɪɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall), ɦɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ1,ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɨ 76 % ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ (high fall), ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ2, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɨ 6,4 % ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ. ȼ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɚɤɠɟɤɨɧɬɭɪ (3) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ3) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail, ɝɞɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɺɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢ (4) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ4) +/-High Pre-Head+

(Stepping Head+Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ, ɩɨɦɢɦɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɝɨɮɚɤɬɚ, ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɧɚɥɢɱɢɟɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɝɨɫɦɵɫɥɚɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɨɞɬɟɤɫɬ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ: ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɸ, ɭɬɨɱɧɟɧɢɟ, ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬ, ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ. ȼ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ (5), ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɟ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢ, (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ5) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Rise-Fall) +/-Tail, ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɧɟɞɨɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ.

(1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/-Tail ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 2-12) These^ʜthings are des\tructing when you give a presen_ʜtationŒ - (ȼɄ: 1-24) We^ʜthink they^ʜall mean something \differentŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 3-4) Just start^ʜoff with a little_\background Œ

(2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail ɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 3-3)^˹And I’d^ʜlike to take a^ʜJungian psy^ʜchology pers^ʜpective on these^\issues.Œ - (ȼɄ: 2-10)^˹And^ʜits in two^\waysŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 9-33)^˹One^ʜway this is^ʜdone is by^ʜusing rank a^\bundance curveŒ

(3) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ3) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail ɧɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 8-26)^˹And^ʜthat’s where the^ʜcustomers come_»inŒ

- (ȼɄ: 7-2)^˹ErŇI sub^ʜtitled it the^ʜcase with^ʜmissing^ʜnine di_»mensionsŒ - (ɁɄɊ: 1-7)^˹And a^ʜfew_»thanksŒ

(4) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɉɉʋ4) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬ, ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ):

- (Ɉɉ: 1-46)^˹And we have the^ʜfast pace of the militarian^vstructureŒ - (ȼɄ: 9-6)^ʜThat would in^ʜclude the obser^ʜvational^vsocial^˹sciencesŒ - (ɁɄɊ: 1-12)^˹So for the^vpurpose of this^˹study Œ

(5) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɉɉɉ ʋ5) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Rise-Fall) +/-Tail ɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 3-36) Your^ʜpaper is pas^ʜs é and na^ïveŒ

- (ȼɄ: 4-18) This is^ʜsomething I’m going to^ʜfocus par_\ticularly on this ^morningŒ - (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ.

ȼ ɞɢɤɭɪɫɟ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɦɧɨɝɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɇɟɥɨɞɢɤɚɦɧɨɝɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɨɣɮɪɚɡɵɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɚɰɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ, ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɯ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ (ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ), ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɱɥɟɧɢɬɫɹ ɮɪɚɡɚ. ȼɵɛɨɪ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɣ (ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ) ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɤ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸ, ɱɬɨ ɠɟ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɧɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ) ɫɢɧɬɚɝɦ, ɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ: (1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ1) Stepping Head+Low Rise, ɝɞɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɺɧɧɨɫɬɢɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟɧɞɥɹɪɚɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɝɨɢɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɬɟɦɩɚɪɟɱɢ; (2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɇɋɆɉ

ʋ2) Stepping Head+Mid Level, ɝɞɟ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɢ ɢ

ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɬɟɦɩɚ ɪɟɱɢ; ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ (3) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɇɋɆɉʋ3) Stepping Head+Low Fall, ɝɞɟɧɢɡɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨɜɫɜɨɟɣɪɟɱɢ.

ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɤɚɤɨɟɥɢɛɨ ɫɥɨɜɨ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɤɚɤɨɣɥɢɛɨ ɧɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɵ, ɷɬɚɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (4). ȼ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɥɢɛɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ (4), ɥɢɛɨɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɫɥɨɜɚ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɹɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ (Ⱦɚɜɵɞɨɜ, Ɇɚɥɸɝɚ 2002: 77-78).

(1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail ɧɟɡɚɜɟɪɲɺɧɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 2-19) It may be^ʜuseful to^ʜstructure your presen_»tationŇin a^ʜcertain_\flowŒ - (ȼɄ: 7-14) So^ʜZ comes^ʜin but_»only^˹throughŇvalue of^ʜX and that is re_\ceivedŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 7-8) The ^ʜtranshes ^ʜgoing from north^ʜeast to south^ʜwest shown _»hereŇ and^ʜthis is the

ʜboundary of the^ʜSanta Margarita Eco^ʜlogical Re\serveŒ

(2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ2) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Mid Level) +/-Tail ɨɬɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɟ):

- (Ɉɉ: 3-20) The ^ʜsecond propo^ʜsition that I’d ^ʜlike to ad>vanceŇis ^ʜbased in ^ʜanalytic psy_» chologyŒ

- (ȼɄ: 1-1) And ^ʜnow I am going to pre>sent to youŇ ^ʜcultural and ^ʜlinguistic \competence frameworkŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 6-14)^ʜAnd its very^ʜhard^ʜresult >which of^˹theseŇer re^ʜsults is the cor^ʜrect_\oneŒ

(3) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ3) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/-Tail ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ):

- (Ɉɉ: 6-28) Se^ʜreeta Ale_\xanderŇ in edu_»cational psy^˹chologyŒ

- (ȼɄ: 1-13)^˹But^ʜgetting to the_\other side of the .glassŇ pre^ʜsents many_\challengesŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 9-25)^˹So they^ʜhave not actually been^ʜable to put_\numbers to it Ňthe^ʜway that you ^ʜdo with the taxo_\nomic impactŒ

(4) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ4) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping/Sliding Head+Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail (ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ):

- (Ɉɉ: 2-14) A^ʜlot of people\do thisŇbut what it^vdoes in a presen^˹tationŇas it ˆconvertsŇ what is ˆsupposed to be a ^vsentenceŇ into a \questionŇand it ^ʜtakes \awayŇfrom the \certaintyŇof your

\voiceŒ

- (ȼɄ: 4-17) The ^ʜdiet ^ʜalso ^ʜtakes into account ^ʜseasonal ^variationsŇand al^ʜternative ^vprice of

˹foodsŇbut also^vavailability of^˹foodsŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 9-3)^˹And to ^vsentence ^˹upŇ I’ll give you a^ʜlittle bit of a \backgroundŒ

(4) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɇɋɆɉ ʋ4) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping/Sliding Head+Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail (ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ):

- (Ɉɉ: 2-10)^˹So when the^ʜnotes were^ʜturned^voverŇit was a des^ʜtruction to the\audienceŒ - (ȼɄ: 4-33) In ^ʜtheory these cons^ʜtraints are meant to ^ʜhelp us achieve rea^vlistic ^˹dietsŇ in re^ʜality that^ʜis not always the\caseŇ and there are impli^ʜcations\for thisŒ

- (ɁɄɊ: 6-30) ^˹ErmŇ its >hard toŇ take ^ʜcredit for lake possibly ^vbeing ^˹thereŇif ^ʜthere’s no

\note of itŒ

ɋɪɟɞɢ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɭɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɨɛɳɢɟ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɚɯ ɭɫɬɧɵɯ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɭɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɣ ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɞɥɹɨɛɳɟɝɨɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɫɱɢɬɚɬɶɤɨɧɬɭɪ (1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɈȼʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail. ȼɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯɞɚɧɧɨɣɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɬɚɤɠɟɤɨɧɬɭɪ (2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɈȼʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail. ȼɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ

ɷɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ. Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɥɢɱɧɭɸ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɟ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɚ, ɜɵɫɨɤɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɨɜɥɟɱɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɩɪɢɧɭɠɞɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɭɸɮɚɦɢɥɶɹɪɧɨɫɬɶɢɥɢɠɟɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɧɭɬɨɟɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɤɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ.

(1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɈȼʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 4-29) Have your^ʜtaught your_»children the^˹same ^˹talent?Œ - (ȼɄ: 9-3) I >said thatŇ>oh erŇI^ʜwonder if I^ʜhave secured_»ears?Œ - (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ.

(2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɈȼʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail

- (Ɉɉ: 9-48)^˹Does your ^ʜcompany have perhaps a ^\cost ad_ʜvantageŇthat al^ʜlows you to cre^ʜate lower^\prices?Œ

- (ȼɄ: 2-35)^˹Do I^ʜactually^ʜthink I could^\doŇ what they^ʜwant me to^\do? Œ - (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ.

Ⱦɥɹɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟɮɨɪɦɵɜɧɭɬɪɢɦɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

©ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɚ». Ɉɞɧɨɣɢɡɬɚɤɢɯɮɨɪɦɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ «ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɜɨɩɪɨɫ».Ɋɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɜɨɩɪɨɫɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɛɭɞɢɬɶ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɹ ɤ ɚɤɬɢɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɸ. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ - ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɭɫɢɥɢɬɶ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ, ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣɮɨɧ, ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶɩɪɢɩɨɞɧɹɬɨɟɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ. «Ɉɬɜɟɬɜɧɺɦɭɠɟ ɩɨɞɫɤɚɡɚɧ ɢ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɜɨɜɥɟɤɚɟɬ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ, ɞɟɥɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ» (Ɂɟɥɟɧɫɤɚɹ 2013). ȼ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹɤɨɧɬɭɪɚɦɢ: (1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɊȼʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+ Low Fall) +/-Tail, ɚɬɚɤɠɟ (2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɊȼ ʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+ Mid Level) +/-Tail.

(1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɊȼʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+ Low Fall) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 8-9) ^ʜShould we be ^ʜable to ^ʜcompensate them ap\propriately for the .time and .effort they .put into the .company?Œ

- (ȼɄ: 2-3) Isn’t it a^ʜreally ef^ʜfective^ʜmodel for us to_\talk about, Ň to ^\think .about Ňhow this

ʜcultural^ʜcompetence re^ʜlate to this^ʜvarious ^\pieces of health promotion .model?Œ - (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ.

(2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɊȼʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+ Mid Level) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 4-24) Are you^ʜstill c^ʜlaiming that you have^ʜno responsi^ʜbility to anyone >else? Œ - (ȼɄ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ.

- (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ.

ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ ɫ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɬɨɧɚɦɢ, ɬɚɤɢɦɢ ɤɚɤ: (1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɋȼ ɇɌ ʋ1) +/ High PreHead+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/Tail,

-ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ (ɧɚɩɟɪɜɨɦɭɞɚɪɧɨɦɫɥɨɝɟ) ɢɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɟɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɨɜɚɯ), ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (ɧɚ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɦɮɪɚɡɭ ɫɥɨɜɟ); (2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɋȼ ɇɌ ʋ2) +/- High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail, - ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɢ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚ, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ. ɉɪɢɱɟɦ, ɩɟɪɜɵɣɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɧɚɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɭ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨɤɚɤɨɝɨɥɢɛɨɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɤɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸ, (ɱɬɨɜɩɨɥɧɟɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɦɨɜ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ, ɭɱɢɬɜɚɹ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɱɢ), ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɠɟ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɩɪɢɞɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɢɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ (Ⱦɚɜɵɞɨɜ, Ɇɚɥɸɝɚ 2002:67).

(1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɋȼɇɌʋ1) +/- High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 1-5)^ʜHow many of you ex^ʜpected me to^ʜsay^Ĺexactly what I_\did?Œ - (ȼɄ: 3-10)^ʜWhat _\sparedŇ^ʜSan^ʜFrancisco _\Bay?Œ

- (ɁɄɊ: 3-22) So^ʜhow do we_\measure .this .erŇ\pressure .erŇ\change?Œ

(2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɋȼɇɌʋ2) +/- High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 1-23)^ʜWhat do^\we say?Œ - (ȼɄ: 3-8)^ʜWhy^ʜdidn’t it^\happen?Œ

- (ɁɄɊ: 9-10) Now^ʜwhy it^ʜmight be im^ʜportant to actually^\look at biodi.versity?Œ

ȿɫɥɢɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣɬɨɧɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹɧɚɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɫɥɨɜɟ, ɬɨɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬɨɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢɦɵɫɥɢ, ɚɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɨɟɺɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ.

Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣɬɨɧ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɣɧɚɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦɫɥɨɜɟ: - (Ɉɉ: 10-9)_»Why?Œ

- (ȼɄ: 7-9) And then \whyŇ is the final\outcome?Œ - (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ.

Ʉɨɧɬɭɪɵɫɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢɬɨɧɚɦɢ: (1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɋȼȼɌʋ1) +/- High Pre-Head+ ( Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail ɢ (2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɋȼ ȼɌ ʋ2) +/- High Pre-Head+ ( Stepping Head+ Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail, ɝɞɟ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ ɜ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ ɩɪɢɞɚɟɬɟɦɭɛɨɥɟɟɬɟɩɥɵɣ, ɞɪɭɠɟɫɤɢɣɨɬɬɟɧɨɤ.

(1) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɋȼȼɌʋ1) +/- High Pre-Head+ ( Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 1-7)^ʜHow many ex_»pected^˹that? Œ - (ȼɄ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ

- (ɁɄɊ: 10-20) And >why it is er Ňcon^ʜsidered to^ʜfall on the_»lowest^˹trend?Œ

ɇɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ (fall-rise) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɦɩɥɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɵɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ. Ɍɨɧɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɬɨɢɥɢɢɧɨɟɫɥɨɜɨɜɨɮɪɚɡɟ (ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ) ɢɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨɞɚɧɧɨɟɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɮɚɤɬɚ, ɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɚɤɨɣɬɨ ɧɚɦɟɤ, ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟɫɥɭɲɚɸɳɟɝɨɧɚɫɜɨɢɫɥɨɜɚɢɜɵɡɜɚɬɶɭɧɟɝɨɨɬɜɟɬɧɭɸɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ

ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɚɩɟɥɥɹɰɢɢ). ȼ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɯ «ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟ -ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ, ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɜɵɲɟɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɟ, ɧɟɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɠɚɥɨɛɚ» (Ⱦɚɜɵɞɨɜ, Ɇɚɥɸɝɚ 2002:50).

(2) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶɋȼȼɌʋ2) +/- High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+ Fall-Rise/Fall+Rise) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 1-70) And I^vthoughtŇ^ʜhow am I gonna^vdo thisŇ wi^ʜthout a pro^vjector you^˹know?Œ - (ȼɄ: 5-5) ErŇYou may^ʜwonder^ʜwhy I^\am in this_»session?Œ

- (ɁɄɊ: 2-3) 9 What^ʜavenue do^vthey^˹have?Œ

ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɞɥɹ ɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɮɪɚɡ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɤɨɧɬɭɪ (1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶȼɉʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/-Tail. Ɂɚɦɟɧɚ ɧɢɡɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚɞɥɹɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɧɢɣɫɨɬɬɟɧɤɨɦɭɞɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ (2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶȼɉ ʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail.

(1) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶȼɉʋ1) +/-Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Fall) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 4-21) You^ʜcan not spend^ʜall your money on your^ʜself in your_\lifetime!Œ - (ȼɄ: 3-4) In a^ʜlittle over a_\centuryŇ^ʜone_\third of San Francisco BayŇis_\filled!Œ - (ɁɄɊ: 9-12) This is a^ʜmajor\crises!Œ

(2) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶȼɉʋ2) +/-High Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+High Fall) +/-Tail:

- (Ɉɉ: 8-16)^ʜActually^\all of them!Œ - (ȼɄ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ

- (ɁɄɊ) ɇɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɩɹɬɶ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ) ɩɪɨɫɬɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ, ɞɜɚ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ (ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɧɢɡɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ, ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ) ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɢ. ȼɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢɦɧɨɝɨɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɟɧɧɵɯɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɲɢɪɨɤɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯɜ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɩɹɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜ ɧɟɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɢɧɬɚɝɦɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɬɪɢɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ (ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɧɢɡɤɢɣɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ; ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɧɢɡɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ; ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɧɢɡɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧ) ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵ. ȼ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɞɜɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ, ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹ ɲɤɚɥɚɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɜɨɫ -ɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ. ɋɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟɜɨɩɪɨɫɵɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹɫɩɨɦɨɳɶɸɞɜɭɯɤɨɧɬɭɪɨɜɫɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɢ ɬɨɧɚɦɢ, ɬɚɤɢɦɢɤɚɤ: ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧɢɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ (ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɟɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɬɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɨɜɚɯ), ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɟ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (ɧɚ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɢɦ ɮɪɚɡɭ ɫɥɨɜɟ) ɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɢ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɟɦɵɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ. ɉɟɪɜɵɣɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɧɚ

ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸ, ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɩɪɢɞɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɨɠɢɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ. Ȼɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ, ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚɦɢ: ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɣ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ ɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ. ȼ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɮɪɚɡ ɛɵɥɨɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɨɞɜɚɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ,ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɢɡɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ: ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣɬɨɧ + ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɚɹɲɤɚɥɚ + ɧɢɡɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ. Ɂɚɦɟɧɚɧɢɡɤɨɝɨɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨɬɨɧɚɧɚɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚɞɥɹɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɧɢɣɫ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɨɦɭɞɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ.

Ɇɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟɮɨɪɦɭɥɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ

Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɚɭɬɟɧɬɢɱɧɵɯ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ (ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ), ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɯ ɜ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɫ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ, ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɡɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ), ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɹɬɚ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɯ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ (ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ). ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɵɪɟɱɟɜɨɝɨɷɬɢɤɟɬɚɧɚɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɥɢɧɝɜɨɞɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɧɵɟ ɤɥɢɲɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɢ, ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹɢɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɹɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɹɡɵɤɚɪɭɫɫɤɨɹɡɵɱɧɵɦɫɬɭɞɟɧɬɚɦ. ȼɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɫɮɟɪɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɱɟɦ, ɦɵ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɢɦɟɟɦ ɞɟɥɨ ɤɚɤ ɫ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦɢ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɩɨ ɫɬɢɥɸ. ɋɪɟɞɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɤɚɤɬɨ: ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ, ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɟ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ, ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɪɚɡ ɢɯ ɡɚɦɟɳɚɸɳɢɯ), ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭɛɵɥɢɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɵɬɨɥɶɤɨɮɪɚɡɵ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɤɥɢɲɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɭɸɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ (ɐɵɦɛɚɥ 2015).

ɑɚɫɬɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɰɢɹ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟɧɚɦɢɜɯɨɞɟɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢɪɭɡɟɥɶɬɚɬɨɜɫɥɭɯɨɜɨɝɨɢɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵɜɜɢɞɟɬɚɛɥɢɰɢɞɚɧɵɜɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ (ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 4-7,ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 3).

©ȼ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɢɱɫɟɤɨɦ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɟ, ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɫɚɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ: ɨɬ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «Hi», ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɛɥɢɡɤɢɟ, ɧɟɩɪɢɧɭɠɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɦɨɥɨɞɺɠɢ, ɞɨɛɨɥɟɟɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «Hello», «Hello everybody», ɛɨɥɟɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «Welcome», ɚ

ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ, ɤɚɤ «Good Morning». ɉɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ «Good morning» (evening, afternoon) ɭɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ» ɐɵɦɛɚɥ 2015). ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɫɚɦɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɬɚɤɠɟɦɨɠɟɬɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬɫɬɟɩɟɧɢɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ: ɨɬɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «This is me», ɞɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «I am Doreen Shanahan» ɢɥɢ «My name is Doreen Shanahan». Ɂɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɢɢɠɟɥɚɧɢɹɨɛɳɚɬɶɫɹ:

- I’m delighted to have a chance to talk with you today.

- I am very honoured to be a speaker here.

- It’s a pleasure to be here today.

ɇɚɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹɮɨɪɦɭɥɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ. ɇɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨɬɨɧɚ (high fall):

-\HiŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ1): High Fall (+/- Tail) -^\WelcomeŒ

-^\Hi thereŒ

-He^\llo everybodyŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ2): Low Pre-Head+ High Fall (+/- Tail) -^˹Good^\morningŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ3): High-Head+High Fall

ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɠɟɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟɧɢɡɤɨɝɨɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨɬɨɧɚ (low fall) ɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ: -^ʜWelcome \backŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ4): High-Head+Low Fall

-^ʜWelcome to psy^ʜchology\oneŒ

ɇɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɢ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ ɬɨɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ, ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɸɳɟɣɛɨɥɶɲɭɸɧɟɩɪɢɧɭɠɞɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ:

Hel^vloŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ5): Fall-Rise (+/- Tail) Hel^vlo every^˹bodyŒ

^˹Good ^morningŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ6): High Pre-Head+Rise-Fall (+/- Tail)

ȿɫɥɢɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɶɮɪɚɡɭ, ɬɟ. ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɱɚɫɬɶɸɮɪɚɡɵ, ɬɨɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɬɨɧɨɜɧɢɡɤɢɣɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (low rise) ɢɫɪɟɞɧɢɣɪɨɜɧɵɣ ɬɨɧ (mid level):

^ʜWelcome to _»BerkleyŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ7): High Pre-Head+Low Rise ^˹Good_»morningŒ

^˹Good >morningŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ8): High Pre-Head+Mid Level

Ɍɨɠɟɫɚɦɨɟɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɹɮɪɚɡ ɫɚɦɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ

ɜɵɫɨɤɢɣɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣ (high fall) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ3):

^ʜThis is^\meŒ

I am^ʜDoreen \ShanahanŒ

My^ˆname is^ˆClaudia^\DornbushŒ

I’m de^ʜlighted to have a^ʜchance to^\talk with you to.dayŒ

ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹɬɚɤɠɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɣɬɨɧ (fall-rise) ɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ: It’s a^ʜpleasure to ^vbe here to^˹dayŒ(Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ9): Low Pre-Head+Stepping Head+Fall-Rise My name is^vPeggy˹CrawfordŒ

ȿɫɥɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɟɱɶ, ɬɨ ɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɧɬɝɦɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɢɪɨɜɧɵɟɬɨɧɵ (mid level rise, mid level):

I’m^ʜRina »DechterŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉʋ10): Low Pre-Head+Stepping Head+ Mid Level Rise I’am^ʜMayank »KansalŒ

>WellŇI am very >honoured^˹to erŇ^ʜbe a »speaker hereŒ

My name is ^ʜJohn >KelstrumŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɉ ʋ11): Low Pre-Head+Stepping Head+Mid Level

ɂɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɚɬɨɪ ɩɨ ɬɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɱɢ, ɛɟɡɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ, ɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɭɞɚɪɟɧɢɟ, ɥɢɛɨ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɤɚɤɢɟɥɢɛɨ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ, ɤɚɤɬɨ: ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɱɟɬɤɨɟɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ, ɧɟɪɚɛɨɬɚɸɳɚɹɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɫɫɵɥɤɚ, ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɣɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɩɨɞɚɱɢɫɥɚɣɞɨɜ, ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɩɚɭɡɵ (ɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɨɪɚɬɨɪɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹɩɨɢɫɤɨɦɧɭɠɧɨɝɨɫɥɚɣɞɚɢɥɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢɢɬɩ.). Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟɫɨɛɵɬɢɹɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬɜɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɧɟɱɚɫɬɨ, ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢɫɱɟɦ, ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɧɨɟɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɣɤɞɪɭɝɢɦɮɪɚɡɚɦɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ: ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢɧɚɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ 1,6 %, ɧɚɡɚɳɢɬɟɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɚɛɨɬɵ 3 %, ɱɬɨɤɨɛɳɟɦɭ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɮɪɚɡ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 0,5 %, ɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ 0,3 %. ȼ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ. ɂɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟɜɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹɤɚɤɩɪɢɩɨɦɨɳɢɬɚɤɢɯɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵɯɷɬɢɤɟɬɧɵɯ ɮɪɚɡ ɤɚɤ «excuse me», ɬɚɤ ɢ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ, ɤɚɤ ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟ (ɢɫɩɨɥɡɭɹ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɱɟɜɵɟ ɚɤɬɵ).

Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜɨ ɮɪɚɡɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɧɢɠɟ, ɦɵ ɜɢɞɢɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɨɜ, ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ, ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɥɭɲɚɸɳɢɦ ɢ ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ ɨɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ. ȿɫɥɢ

ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɵɦ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

ErmŇI to be ^ʜhonest I am ^ʜlucky to be a veritable _\minorŇamongst these pres^ʜtigious

\speakersŒ

Ʉɪɚɬɤɢɟɮɪɚɡɵɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɹɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

- Ex_\cuse meŒ (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɂʋ1): +/-Low Pre-Head+Low Fall (+/- Tail)

Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɵɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢɜɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɜɟɫɶɦɚɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵ: ɨɬ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «Thanks», «Thanks for listening», ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɛɥɢɡɤɢɟ, ɧɟɩɪɢɧɭɠɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ, ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ «Thank you», «Thank you, professor Haywards» ɢɥɢ «Thank you, professor …, for…» ɞɨɭɫɢɥɟɧɧɨɝɨɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢɬɢɩɚ «Thank you very much», ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɤ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɢɥɸ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ «I would like to thank professor …», «And I’d like to give thanks to professor…», «I’d like to, at this point, acknowledge my adviser…» ɢɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ «I know you are all very busy», «I appreciate you taking the time to attend this workshop», ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɯɫɹɤɜɵɫɨɤɨɦɭɫɬɢɥɸ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɨɬɞɟɥɢɦɵɨɬɬɨɣɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɨɧɢɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ. ȼɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢɱɚɫɬɨɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɜɤɨɧɰɟɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɢɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨɨɪɚɬɨɪɩɪɨɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɟɣ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟɪɟɱɢɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (low rise), ɚɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ, ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɢɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

»Thank you very^˹muchŒ (ɆɨɞɟɥɶȼȻɇɊʋ1) Low Rise+Tail ^\ThanksŒ (ɆɨɞɟɥɶȼȻɁɊʋ1) +/-HighPre-Head+Low Fall ^\Thank youŒ

^˹Thanks for\listeningŒ

^\Thank youŒ (ɆɨɞɟɥɶȼȻɁɊʋ2) +/-HighPre-Head+High Fall

ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ (fall-rise), ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟɞɪɭɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ:

^vThank^˹youŒ (ɆɨɞɟɥɶȼȻɇɊʋ2) Fall-Rise

ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ (low rise) ɢɥɢɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (rise-fall):

I ap^ʜpreciate you taking the^ʜtime to attend this_»workshopŒ And a few_»thanks…Œ

^˹Thank you very^ʜmuch to MS^ʜF >for erŇ in^ʜviting me to^ʜcome to^vspeak to^˹dayŒ

Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɮɪɚɡɚ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

^ʜThank you, professor_»HaywardsŇ and^ʜall of^ʜWestminster^vCollege^˹forŇ \having me hereŒ

©ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ (ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟɤɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ) ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɟɱɢɧɟɫɬɨɥɶ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵ, ɤɚɤ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɷɬɢɤɟɬɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ, ɧɨ ɬɨɠɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɵ. Ⱦɚɧɧɵɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣɪɟɱɢɢ, ɤɚɤɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɧɚɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɟɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ (ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ) ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ» (ɐɵɦɛɚɥ 2015). Ɍɚɤ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɫɬɢɥɸ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɟɦɭɢɥɢɛɭɞɭɳɟɦɭɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ:

I hope you liked this presentation as much as I enjoyed making it.

I hope that this discussion was valuable to you.

I hope somebody here will get more interested in this.

ȼɫɟ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɫɬɢɥɸ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɹɜɧɵɦɢ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɵɦɢ:

Any questions?

We will be talking about all of these things and more on Wednesday when we’ll begin to look at the brain as the physical basis of the mind.

ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɟɟɫɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɟɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ ɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ (high fall) (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ȼɇ ɉȼ ʋ1) +/- Low Pre-Head+

(Stepping/Sliding Head+High Fall) +/-Tail:

I^ʜhope you liked this presen^ʜtation as^ˆmuch as I^ˆenjoyed^\making itŒ I^ʜhope that this dis^ʜcussion was^\valuable to youŒ

Ɏɪɚɡɵ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɤ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low rise) (ɆɨɞɟɥɶȼɇȻȼʋ1) +/- Low Pre-Head+ (Stepping Head+Low Rise) +/-Tail:

I^ʜhope >somebody^˹hereŇwill^ʜget more_»interested in^˹thisŒ

ɉɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (high fall) ɜɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ:

^˹Any qu^\estions? Œ

^˹Feel^ʜfree to^ʜask me any^ʜquestions you^ʜmight still^\haveŒ

ɉɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɡɚɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ (low fall):

^ʜAnyway if you^ʜhave >questions on the lineŇI am^ʜready to dis_\cussŒ

If ^ʜanybody ^ʜhas ^˹any ^\questions about ^ʜwhat we are ^ʜplanning on ^»doingŇ you are very

\welcome^˹toŇ^˹send me an_\e-mailŒ

We will be^ʜtalking about^ʜall of these things and^ʜmore on >Wednesday Ň when we’ll^ʜbegin to look at the^ʜbrain as the^ʜphysical^ʜbasis of the_\mindŒ

Ɏɢɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɹ, ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɚ ɞɨ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɸ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɹ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɞɤɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɢɟɦ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ “best of luck”. Ɉɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟɮɪɚɡɵ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟɜɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɵɦɢ, ɥɢɛɨ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɮɪɚɡ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɟ. «ɉɪɨɳɚɧɢɟ, ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɟ, ɡɚɦɟɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɮɪɚɡ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ (high fall) ɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ» (Ɇɨɞɟɥɶɉɪ. ʋ1) +/-High Pre-Head+/-High Head+Pre-Head+/-High Fall+/-Tail (ɐɵɦɛɚɥ 2015):

^ʜBest of^ʜluck with^\itŒ ^˹And^ʜthat is^\allŒ ^\Thank youŒ

Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɧɨɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɬɢɩɨɜɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣɢɮɨɪɦɭɥɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɦɢɚɧɝɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨɹɡɵɤɚɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɢɯ ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɯ ɜɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ), ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɜɨɫɤɥɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɪɟɜɚɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɧɚɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɹ. ɉɨɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢɧɬɨɧɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨɢɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɝɨɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ «ɷɬɢɤɟɬɧɵɯ ɤɥɢɲɟ, ɬɢɩɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɯ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ, ɩɪɨɳɚɧɢɟ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ, ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɢɯ ɡɚɦɟɳɚɸɳɢɟ) ɛɵɥɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ, ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɫɚɦɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ, ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ ɜ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɢ. Ɏɪɚɡɵ ɢɡɜɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɪɟɱɢ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɟ ɮɪɚɡɵ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ ɬɨɧɨɦ. Ɏɪɚɡɚ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɚɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɦɟɥɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɧɬɭɪ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɡɚɤɚɧɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ. ȼɫɬɪɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ ɬɨɧɚ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɪɭɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ (ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ) ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ɪɟɱɢ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɟɟɫɹ ɤ ɩɪɨɲɟɞɲɟɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ. Ɏɪɚɡɵɧɚɞɟɠɞɵ, ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɟɫɹɤɛɭɞɭɳɟɦɭɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɸɬɫɹɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɜɨɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦɬɨɧɨɦ. ɉɪɢɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟɤɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɸɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɮɨɪɦɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɵɫɨɤɢɦɧɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɦ

ドキュメント内 I (ページ 69-200)