保水性を制御した不飽和土の透気係数の測定
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(2) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. ᳓ᕈࠍᓮߒߚਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯ . ⼱ᶈੑ㧝Rully Bakrie㧞ᧄၔാ㧟 㧝. ᱜળຬ ጘ㒂ᄢቇഥᢎ ↥ቭቇⲢวࡦ࠲ ޥጘ㒂Ꮢᩉᚭ E-mail㧦[email protected] 㧞. ጘ㒂ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮↢ ᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ ޥጘ㒂Ꮢᩉᚭ . 㧟. ᱜળຬ ጘ㒂ᄢቇᢎ Ꮏቇㇱ␠ળၮ⋚Ꮏቇ⑼ ޥጘ㒂Ꮢᩉᚭ . ᧄ⺰ᢥߪ㧘᭴ㅧ‛߳ߩ㒠㔎ߥߤߩᶐ᳓ߦ߁㑆㓗ⓨ᳇േߩᬌ⸛ߩߚ㧘ਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇․ᕈࠍⓥ ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚ਇ㘻ߩ⹜ᢱጀߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍਈ߃ߡ㘻ᐲࠍᓮߒߥ߇ࠄㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆᚻ ᴺⵝ⟎ࠍ㐿⊒ឭ᩺ߒߡ㧘ߩ᳓ᕈߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨ኤߒߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘ឭ᩺ⵝ⟎ᚻᴺߦࠃߞ ߡ㧘ਇ㘻ߥ⍾߿ࠪ࡞࠻ߦߟߡ㧘㨪EOU ߩ▸࿐ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇್ߒߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߥࠄ߮ߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߪߕࠇ߽㑆㓗᳓ߩឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩጁ ᱧߦࠃߞߡࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬ߇↢ߓ㧘หߓᄢ߈ߐߩ㘻ᐲࠆߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩߣ߈ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߪๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩ ᣇ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆߎߣߥߤࠍߚ㧚. . Key Words: air permeability coefficient, degree of saturation, suction, hysteresis, unsaturated soil . 㧝㧚߹߃߇߈ ⋓߿ᢳ㕙ߩਇ㘻㗔ၞߢߪ㧘⽕㔎ᤨߩᶐ᳓ߦ ߞߡ㑆㓗ⓨ᳇߇ኽߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠆ㧝㧕㧚ᧄ⎇ⓥ ߪ㧘ᶐ᳓ᤨߩ㑆㓗ⓨ᳇ߩേߣߘࠇߦࠃࠆㅘ᳓ᕈ߳ ߩᓇ㗀㑐ଥߩᯏ᭴⸃ߦ❬ߍࠆߚߦ㧘ਇ㘻ߩ ㅘ᳇․ᕈߦߟߡᬌ⸛ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 ᄙሹ⾰ᇦߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߒߚߪ㧘⋚Ꮏቇ㧘 ࠦࡦࠢ࠻Ꮏቇ㧘ൻቇᎿቇߥߤߩ᭽ߥޘಽ㊁ߢ␜ ߐࠇߡࠆ㧞㧕㨪㧡㧕㧚⾰᧚ᢱߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߦߟߡߪ㧘 Yoshimi&Osterberg㧢㧕㧘Brooks&Corey㧣㧕㧘Dury ࠄ㧤㧕ߥ ߤߦࠃߞߡㅀߴࠄࠇߡࠆ߇㧘ਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ࠍ᳞ࠆߚߩⵝ⟎ᚻᴺ߇⏕ߢߥ㧚߹ߚ㧘㘻 ᐲࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߦଐሽߒߚ᳓ᕈߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ᕈ߳ ߩᓇ㗀㑐ଥ߇චಽߦᬌ⸛ߐࠇߡߥ⁁ᴫߦࠆ㧚 ᧄ⺰ᢥߪ㧘ߩ᳓ᕈࠍᓮߒߥ߇ࠄਇ㘻ߩ ㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆቶౝ⹜㛎ⵝ⟎ᚻᴺࠍឭ᩺ߔ ࠆ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍਈ߃ߡ㘻ᐲ ࠍᓮߒߚਇ㘻ߥ⹜ᢱጀߦ㧘ⓨ᳇ജࠍ⽶⩄ߒ ߡⓨ᳇ࠍㅘㆊߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᳞ࠆ ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘᳓ᕈߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥࠍ᷹ቯ ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇․ᓽߩ৻ߟߢࠆ㧚 ᧄᢥߢߪ㧘ឭ᩺ߔࠆㅘ᳇⹜㛎ߩⵝ⟎ᚻᴺߦߟ ߡㅀߴࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ߘࠇߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯน⢻. 679. ▸࿐ߥߤߦߟߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߥࠄ߮ߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥ㧘 ᦝߦ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩ㑐ଥ߳ߩๆ᳓ឃ᳓ߩᶐㅘጁᱧߦࠃ ࠆᓇ㗀ߦߟߡߘࠇߙࠇ⠨ኤߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ࠍ㘻ᐲࠆߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩ㑐ᢙߢߒߚᓥ᧪ ᑼ㧣㧕㧘㧥㧕ߩ᷹ቯ୯߳ߩㆡ↪ᕈߦߟߡ߽⸒ߔࠆ㧚 . 㧞㧚᳓ᕈᓮߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇⹜㛎 . ⹜㛎ⵝ⟎ ਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚߦ⹜ߒߚⵝ ⟎ߩⷐ࿑ࠍ࿑㧙 ߦ␜ߒ㧘ߘߩో౮⌀ࠍ౮⌀㧙 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ߎߩⵝ⟎ߪ㧘⹜ᢱጀࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ╴ኈེ 㕙ߦࡦࠣ⁁ߩࡒ࠶ࠢࡈࠖ࡞࠲ࠍขࠅઃߌߚኈ ེߢࠅ㧘ࠕࠢ࡞ߢࠆ㧚⹜ᢱጀߪᢿ㕙Ⓧ A㧩 EO ⋥ᓘߪ EO 㧘㐳ߐ L㧩EO ߩᩇ ߣട ቶ㧘⹜ᢱጀߦ㋦⋥ജࠍਈ߃ࠆߚߩタ⩄ᯏེߣߘ ߩߣ߈ߩ㋦⋥ᄌࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߚߩᄌ⸘㧘⹜ᢱጀ ߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍਈ߃ࠆߚߩ⌀ⓨࡐࡦࡊ㧘ࡆࡘ ࠶࠻㧘᳓⸘㧘⹜ᢱጀߦⓨ᳇ㅘㆊߐߖࠆߣ߈ߦ↪ ࠆⓨ᳇ࠦࡦࡊ࠶ࠨ㧘ⓨ᳇ജ⺞▵ེ㧘ⓨ᳇⸘㧘 ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ߦࠃߞߡ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡࠆ㧚 ടቶౝߦขࠅઃߌߚ╴ኈེߦ㧘ࠆ᳓Ყߩ ⹜ᢱጀࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚᓟ㧘タ⩄ᯏེߦࠃߞߡᚲቯߩ㋦⋥.
(3) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. 200. ⌀ⓨࡐࡦࡊ ⓨ᳇ജ⺞▵ེ ᄌ⸘ ࡆ 䏕 䏚 䏓᳓ ࠻. ᄙሹ᧼. ⓨ᳇ജ⺞▵ེ タ⩄ p. ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ Qac㧔cm3/s㧕. d. 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰. ⓨ᳇ࠦࡦࡊ࠶ࠨ. ടቶ ⓨ᳇⸘ ha. ⓨ᳇ 㩈㩡㩚㨹㩂㩖㨲㩣㩊 ࡃ࡞ࡉ ᳓⸘ s. ⹜ᢱጀ. 100. ⓨ᳇ ⓨ᳇⸘. ᄙሹ᧼. ha. 0 ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ Qac. ࿑㧙 ᳓ᕈᓮߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇⹜㛎ⵝ⟎ߩⷐ࿑. ടቶ. 2 4 6 8 ⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡Ꮕ ha1 - ha2㧔cm㧕. 10. ࿑㧙 ⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡Ꮕߣⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ߩ㑐ଥ. ࠃࠇ߫㧘ⓨ᳇ߩ㋦⋥৻ᰴర z ゲᣇะ ᵹࠇߦ㑐ߔࠆㆇ േᑼߪ㧘ⓨ᳇ࠍ㕖❗ᕈᵹߣߒߡᛒߞߚ႐วߦߪ ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧞㧕㧚. 䐳 ⓨⓨ ᳇᳇ ജജ ⺞ ▵ᓮ ེ⋚ 䐴. ࡆ 䏕 䏚 䏓 ࠻. 0. va. ka. dha dz. ߎߎߢ㧘va EOU ߪⓨ᳇ᵹㅦ㧘ka EOU ߪㅘ᳇ଥᢙ㧘 ha EO ߪⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡㧘z EO ߪ߆ߌߩⓨ᳇⒖േ〒 㔌ߢࠆ㧚 ᑼ ߦၮߠߡ㧘㐳ߐ z㧩L㧘ᢿ㕙Ⓧ A ߩ⹜ᢱጀ ࠍⓨ᳇߇ㅘㆊߔࠆߣ߈㧘ߘߩ⹜ᢱጀญ z㧩 ߢߩ ⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡ࠍ ha EO 㧘ญ z㧩L ߢߩⓨ᳇ജ᳓ 㗡ࠍ ha EO 㧘ㅘㆊߒߚⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ࠍ Qa EOU ߣߔࠆ ߣ㧘ᰴᑼ߇ዉ߆ࠇࠆ㧚. ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘. ౮⌀㧙 ᳓ᕈᓮߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇⹜㛎ⵝ⟎ߩో౮⌀. ജࠍਈ߃ࠆ㧚ᰴߦ㧘ࡆࡘ࠶࠻ౝߩⓨ᳇ജࠍ ⌀ⓨࡐࡦࡊߢᷫዋߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ኈེ㕙ߩ ࡒ࠶ࠢࡈࠖ࡞࠲ࠍߒߡ⹜ᢱጀߦࠆᄢ߈ߐߩ ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍਈ߃㧘⹜ᢱጀߩ᳓㊂ࠍ৻ቯߦߟ㧚 ߘߒߡ㧘ⓨ᳇ࠦࡦࡊ࠶ࠨ߆ࠄଏ⛎ߐࠇࠆ❗ⓨ ᳇ࠍⓨ᳇ജ⺞▵ེߦࠃߞߡࠆ৻ቯߩⓨ᳇ߦ⺞ ▵ߒߡㅍ᳇ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ⓨ᳇ࠍ⹜ᢱጀਛߦ㋦ ⋥ਅะ߈ߢㅘㆊߐߖࠆ㧚ߘߩߣ߈㧘⹜ᢱጀ┵ߣਅ ┵ߩߘࠇߙࠇߦ⽶⩄ߒߚⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡ࠍⓨ᳇⸘ߦ ࠃߞߡ㧘ㅘㆊߒߚⓨ᳇ߩᵹ㊂ࠍⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ߦࠃߞߡ ߘࠇߙࠇ᷹ቯߔࠆⵝ⟎ߢࠆ㧚 ߥ߅㧘⹜ᢱጀਅ┵ߪ㊄✂ߣᄙሹ᧼ߦࠃߞߡ࿕ቯ ߒߡࠆ㧚㊄✂ߩ⋡ߩᄢ߈ߐߪ⹜ᢱ߇⇐߹ࠆ⒟ᐲߩ චಽߦ⋡ߩᄢ߈߽ߩࠍㆬᛯߒ㧘ᄙሹ᧼ߪ⋥ᓘ OO ⒟ᐲߩⓣ߇ᄙߊ㐿ߚෘߐ OO ߩࠕࠢ࡞᧼ߢࠆ㧚 . ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ▚ᣇᴺ ᄙሹ⾰ᇦਛߩᵹߩᵹࠇߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠳࡞ࠪೣߦ 680. Qa h h ka a1 a 2 ka ia A L ߎߎߢ㧘ia ߪേ᳇൨㈩ߢࠆ㧚㕖❗ᕈᵹߦ㑐ߔࠆ ㅪ⛯ᑼߦᓥ߃߫㧘⹜ᢱጀࠍㅘㆊߔࠆⓨ᳇ߩᵹ㊂ Qa ߪ㧘. ⹜ᢱጀౝߩ z ゲᣇะߢ৻ቯߢࠅ㧘߹ߚ㧘ⵝ⟎ⷐ ࠍ␜ߒߚ࿑㧙 ߦ߅ߡⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ߢ᷹ቯߐࠇࠆ Qac EOU ߣหߓ㊂ߢࠆ㧚 ࿑㧙 ߪ㧘㧟㧚 ߢᓟㅀߔࠆ⹜ᢱ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ ߣ㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ࠍἹੇ῎ߒߚ߽ߩ ߦߟߡ㧘ⓨ᳇ ജ᳓㗡Ꮕ ha㧙ha ࠍჇടߐߖߚߣ߈ߩⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ Qac ߩᄌൻߩ᷹ቯ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 ha㧙ha ߩ ୯߇ 㨪EO ⒟ᐲߩ▸࿐ߢ㧘೨ㅀߩᑼ ਛߩ Qa ࠍ Qac ߦ⟎߈឵߃ߚߣ߈ߩ㑐ଥᑼߦࠃߞߡ᷹ቯ୯ߦኻ ߒࡈࠖ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣߐߖߚߣ߈ߩ㑐ଥࠍߒߚታ✢ߩ ࠃ߁ߦ㧘 ha㧙ha ߣ Qac ߪ⋥✢㑐ଥߦߥࠆߎߣ߇ ࠄࠇࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߩㅘ᳇⹜㛎ߢߪ㧘⹜ᢱጀߦ⽶⩄ߔ ࠆⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡Ꮕߪᢙ EO㨪EO ⒟ᐲߢࠆߚ㧘ᑼ. ߩ Qa ࠍⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ߦࠃࠆ Qac ߦ⟎߈឵߃ߚߣ߈ߩ.
(4) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. 681. 100 ㅢㆊ⾰㊂⊖ಽ₸㧔㧑㧕. ᑼߦࠃߞߡㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ▚ߒߡ߽⦟ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ߹ߚ㧘ㅘㆊߐߖࠆⓨ᳇ߩ᷷ᐲߪ ͠ߣߒߚ㧚 . ⹜㛎ᚻ㗅 ࿑㧙 ࠍෳᾖߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘⹜㛎ᚻ㗅ࠍએਅߦㅀߴࠆ㧚 C ⹜ᢱጀߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲߩᓮ ᳓Ყ߇ w 㧑 ߢ⾰㊂߇ m I ߩ⹜ᢱࠍ╴ኈེ ߦࠇ㧘⹜ᢱጀ㐳ߐ߇ L㧩EO ߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߦߥ ߤࠍ↪ߡဋ╬ߦ⓭߈࿕㧘⹜ᢱጀ㕙ࠍᐔṖߦ ߒߚᓟ㧘ടቶࠍ⚵ߺ┙ߡࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘⹜ᢱጀ 㕙ߦ㋦⋥ജ p M2C ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ p㧩M2C ࠍਈ ߃ߡ㧘หᤨߦ㋦⋥ᄌ d OO ߩ᷹ቯࠍ㐿ᆎߔࠆ㧚 ࠄ߆ߓ㧘╴ኈེߩ㕙ߩࡒ࠶ࠢࡈࠖ࡞ ࠲ߪ⣕᳇ߒߚ⫳⇐᳓ߢ㘻ߐࠇߡߡ㧘߹ߚ㧘ࡈ ࠖ࡞࠲߆ࠄࡆࡘ࠶࠻߹ߢߩ⚻〝ߪ⫳⇐᳓ߢ ḩߚߐࠇߡࠆ㧚 ⌀ⓨࡐࡦࡊࠍ↪ߡࡆࡘ࠶࠻ౝߩⓨ᳇ࠍ ᚲቯߩᄢ߈ߐߦᷫዋߐߖ㧘ࡆࡘ࠶࠻ߣ⹜ᢱጀ ߣߩ㑆ߦࠆࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ㐿ߌࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⹜ᢱ ጀߦࠆᄢ߈ߐߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s M2C ࠍਈ߃ࠆ㧚 ਈ߃ߚࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩᄢ߈ߐߦᔕߓߡ⹜ᢱጀౝߩ ᳓ಽ⒖േ߇↢ߓࠆ႐ว ࡆࡘ࠶࠻ౝߩ᳓㊂ᄌ ൻ߇↢ߓࠆ႐ว ߦߪ㧘ߘߩ᳓㊂ߩ⚻ᤨᄌൻࠍ᷹ ቯߒߡ㧘᳓㊂ᄌൻ߇ήߊߥࠆ ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒ ߹ߢ⟎ ߔࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߦ㆐ߒߚߣ߈㧘ࡆࡘ ࠶࠻ߣ⹜ᢱጀߩ㑆ߩࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ㐽ߓࠆߎߣߦࠃߞ ߡ㧘⹜ᢱጀౝߩ᳓ಽ㊂ࠍ৻ቯߦߟ㧚 D ⹜ᢱጀ߳ߩⓨ᳇ㅘㆊ ࠆⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡 ha ߦ⺞▵ߒߚⓨ᳇ࠍ⹜ᢱጀ ᣇߦㅍ᳇ߔࠆ㧚⹜ᢱጀਛࠍⓨ᳇߇ㅘㆊߒߚߣ߈. ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂⸘ߢ⏕ߔࠆ 㧘⹜ᢱጀਅ┵ߩⓨ᳇ ജ᳓㗡 ha ߣ ha㧘ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ Qac ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ᷹ቯߔ ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘⽶⩄ߒߚⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡Ꮕ. ha㧙ha ߪᢙ EO㨪EO ⒟ᐲߢࠆ㧚 ਈ߃ߚⓨ᳇߿㋦⋥ജࠍߘࠇߙࠇ㒰ߡ㧘⹜ᢱ ጀࠍขࠅߔ㧚ߘߩ⹜ᢱጀߩ᳓Ყ᷹ቯࠍߔࠆߎ ߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ㅘ᳇ᤨߩ㘻ᐲ Sr ࠍ᳞ࠆ㧚ૉߒ㧘 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲᓮᤨ߿ㅘ᳇ᤨߦ⹜ᢱጀߩ㋦ ⋥ᄌ߇↢ߓߚ႐วߦߪ㧘ߘߩߣ߈ߩ⹜ᢱጀ㜞ߐ ߦၮߠߡ㘻ᐲࠍ▚ߔࠆ㧚 E ㅪ⛯⹜㛎 ᧄⵝ⟎ߪ㧘ห৻ߩ⹜ᢱጀߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩ ᄢ߈ߐࠍᄌ߃ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㘻ᐲࠍᓮߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘 ㅪ⛯⊛ߦㅘ᳇⹜㛎߇ߢ߈ࠆ․ᓽࠍߔࠆ㧚ߘߩᚻ㗅 ࠍએਅߦ␜ߔ㧚 ᚻ㗅 ߩᓟߦ㧘⹜ᢱጀ┵ߩⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡 ha ࠍ ࡠߦߔࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘ࡆࡘ࠶࠻ߣ⹜ᢱጀߩ㑆 ߩࡃ࡞ࡉࠍ㐿ߌ㧘ᚻ㗅 ߢ⸳ቯߒߚ୯ߣ⇣ߥࠆ. ⼾ᶆ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰. 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰. 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾. 0 -3 10. 10-2. 10-1 ☸ᓘ㧔mm㧕. 100. 101. ࿑㧙 ᷹ቯ⹜ᢱߩ☸ᐲ 㧙 ᷹ቯ⹜ᢱߩೋᦼ㑆㓗Ყ㧘㧑☸ᓘ ೋᦼ㑆㓗Ყ e. 㧑☸ᓘ D OO . 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾. . . 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰. . . ⼾ᶆ⍾. . . 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰. . . ⹜ᢱฬ⒓. ᄢ߈ߐߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s ࠍਈ߃ߡ㧘ᚻ㗅 ߩߣ߅ࠅ ᐔⴧ⁁ᘒߦߥࠆ߹ߢ⟎ߔࠆ㧚 ᚻ㗅 ߦᓥ㧘 ⹜ᢱጀߩⓨ᳇ㅘㆊࠍ⏕ߒߡ㧘 ⹜ᢱጀਅ┵ߩⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡 ha ߣ ha㧘ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ Qac ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ᷹ቯߔࠆ㧚 ᦝߦ㧘ߩᄢ߈ߐߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲߢߩㅘ᳇ ⹜㛎ࠍⴕ߁႐วߦߪ㧘ᚻ㗅 㧘 ࠍ➅ࠅߔ㧚 ⹜㛎⚳ੌᓟߦߪ㧘ᚻ㗅 ߣห᭽ߦ㧘ਈ߃ߚⓨ᳇ ߿㋦⋥ജࠍߘࠇߙࠇ㒰ߡ⹜ᢱጀࠍขࠅ ߒ㧘᳓Ყ w ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘ࡆࡘ࠶࠻ ౝߩ᳓㊂ᄌൻߩ᷹ቯ୯߆ࠄ㧘ࠆᄢ߈ߐߩࠨࠢࠪ ࡚ࡦ s ߩߣ߈ߩ㘻ᐲ Sr ࠍ᳞ࠆ㧚 F ᢛℂ ᚻ㗅 ߽ߒߊߪᚻ㗅 ߢ᷹ቯߒߚⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡 ha㧘ha㧘ⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂ Qac ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ↪ߡ㧘ᑼ ߦઍߔࠆ వߩ㧞㧚 ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ Qa㧩Qac ߣߔࠆ ߎߣߦࠃߞߡㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka ࠍ▚ߔࠆ㧚ߎ ࠇߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࠆ㘻ᐲ߽ߒߊߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߦኻ ᔕߔࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 . 㧟㧚ਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯ . ⹜ᢱ ᷹ቯ⹜ᢱߦߪ㧘㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾㧘㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰㧘⼾ᶆ ⍾㧘㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߩ㧠⒳㘃ࠍ↪ߚ㧚ฦ⹜ᢱߩ ☸ᐲࠍ࿑㧙 ߦ␜ߒ㧘⹜ᢱጀߩೋᦼ㑆㓗Ყ e 㐳ߐ L 㧩EO ߢ⹜ᢱጀࠍߒߚߣ߈ߩ㑆㓗Ყ 㧘☸ᐲߩ 㧑☸ᓘ D ߩ୯ࠍߘࠇߙࠇ㧙 ߦ␜ߔ㧚.
(5) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘వߕ㧘㘻ᐲߩ㜞⹜ᢱጀ ߕࠇߩ ⹜ᢱ߽㘻ᐲ Sr㧩㧑⒟ᐲ ࠍ╴ኈེߦߒߚ㧚 ߘߒߡ㧘⹜ᢱጀਅ┵߆ࠄ㑆㓗᳓߇ឃߒߥࠃ߁ߦ ᵈᗧߒߥ߇ࠄࡠߦㄭࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍ⹜ᢱጀߦਈ߃ ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࡆࡘ࠶࠻߆ࠄๆ᳓ߐߖߡ㘻 ᐲࠍ㜞ߚ㧚ᰴߦ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍᲑ㓏⊛ߦჇടߐߖ ࠆឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢㅘ᳇⹜㛎ࠍⴕ㧘ߘߩᓟ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ Ⴧടߦ߁㘻ᐲᄌൻ߇ᱴߤ↢ߓߥߊߥߞߚߣ߈߆ ࠄ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍᲑ㓏⊛ߦᷫዋߐߖࠆๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߩ ㅘ᳇⹜㛎ࠍⴕ߁ㅪ⛯⹜㛎ࠍታᣉߒߚ㧚 . ᷹ቯߩ⚿ᨐ C 㘻ᐲߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߪ㧘᷹ቯߒߚ㘻ᐲ Sr ߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪ ࡦ s ߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠅ㧘ᓟㅀߩ Brooks ࠄߩ ᑼ 㧣㧕ߣ van-Genuchten ߩᑼ 㧝㧜㧕ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥࠍߘ ࠇߙࠇ⎕✢ߣታ✢ߢ㊀ߨวࠊߖߡ␜ߒߚ㧚࿑ਛߩ٤ ශ ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ߣغශ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ߪ㧘ߘߩߣ߈ߩ㘻 ᐲࠆߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩߣ߈ߦㅘ᳇߇↢ߓߚߎߣࠍ ߒߡࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘٨ශ ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ߣعශ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ߪㅘ᳇߇↢ߓߥ߆ߞߚߎߣࠍߔ㧚 D 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ೨ㅀ C ߩㅘ᳇߇↢ߓߚߣ߈ߩ㘻ᐲ▸࿐ߦߟߡ㧘 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߒߚߩ߇࿑㧙㨪 ߩ. D ߢࠅ㧘࿑ਛߩ⎕✢ߣታ✢ߪߘࠇߙࠇᓟㅀߩ Brooks ࠄߩᑼ 㧣㧕ߣ van-Genuchten ߩᑼ 㧥㧕㧘㧝㧜㧕 ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥߢࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘࿑ਛߩڏශߪ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ࠍ ↪ߡ᷹ቯߒߚἹੇ῎ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙ kad EOU ߩ୯ࠍ Sr㧩㧑ߦኻߒߡ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚Ἱੇ῎ߩ⹜ᢱ ጀߩ㑆㓗Ყߪߕࠇߩ⹜ᢱ߽㧙 ߦ␜ߒߚ㑆㓗Ყ e ߣหߓᄢ߈ߐߢࠅ㧘ߘߩ⹜ᢱጀߩᚻ㗅ߪవ ߩ㧞㧚 ߩ C ߢㅀߴߚᚻ㗅ߦḰߓߚ㧚 E ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ೨ㅀߣห᭽ߦㅘ᳇߇↢ߓߚߣ߈ߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ▸࿐ ߦߟߡ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߒߚߩ ߇࿑㧙㨪 ߩ E ߢࠅ㧘ᓟㅀߩ Brooks ࠄߩᑼ 㧣㧕 ߣ van-Genuchten ߩᑼ 㧥㧕㧘㧝㧜㧕ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥࠍߘࠇߙ ࠇ⎕✢ߣታ✢ߢ૬⸥ߒߚ㧚 . ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲߩᓮ ࿑㧙 ߪ㧘㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ࠍߦ㧘࿑㧙 C ߩ㘻ᐲ ߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩ㑐ଥߦኻߒߡ㧘หߓ㑆㓗Ყ e ߩ⹜ᢱ ጀߦߟߡ᳓ᕈ⹜㛎 ടᴺ 㧝㧝㧕ߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇ ߚ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ࠍ㊀ߨวࠊߖߡ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ. ᮮゲࠍࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧘❑ゲࠍ㘻ᐲ Sr ߣߒߚ 㧚ߥ ߅㧘᳓ᕈ⹜㛎ߢߪ㧘వߩ㧟㧚 ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘 㜞㘻ᐲߩ⹜ᢱጀࠍ↪ᗧߒߡឃ᳓ߒߚᓟߦๆ᳓ߔࠆ ㆊ⒟ߢ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ㧚 682. ਔ⠪ߪឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩߕࠇߢ߽ㄭ୯ࠍ␜ߒ ߡ߅ࠅ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ߦࠃߞߡࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣ㘻ᐲߩ㑐ଥ ߇ㆡಾߦᓮߐࠇߡࠆߎߣ߇⏕ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎߩ⚿ ᨐ㧘ᧄᚻᴺߩㅪ⛯⹜㛎ߦࠃߞߡ㧘ឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢ ߩ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘ㅘ᳇ᤨߦ⹜ᢱጀߦ⽶⩄ߔࠆⓨ᳇ജ᳓㗡ߦ ࠃߞߡࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߪ߆ߦჇടߔࠆߎߣ߇᳓⸘ߦ ࠃߞߡ᷹ቯߐࠇߚ㧚ߘߩߚ㧘⽶⩄ⓨ᳇ߦࠃߞߡ 㘻ᐲᄌൻߔࠆߎߣ߇ ᔨߐࠇߚ߇㧘೨ㅀߩࠃ߁ߦ ⹜ᢱጀߩ㘻ᐲ߇ᓮߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘߹ߚ㧘⹜ᢱጀ߆ ࠄߩឃ᳓ߩήߎߣ߇⏕ߐࠇߚߚ㧘ㅘ᳇ᤨߦߪ 㘻ᐲᄌൻ߇↢ߓߡߥߣ್ᢿߐࠇࠆ㧚 . ᧄⵝ⟎ᚻᴺߢ᷹ቯߔࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ᷹ቯߒߚㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ߩᅷᒰᕈࠍὐᬌߔࠆߚ㧘 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 㧘 㧘 㧘 ߦ␜ߐࠇߚ㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦኻߒߡ㧘࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߦ␜ߒߚߘߩ 㑐ଥࠍ㊀ߨวࠊߖߡᲧセߒߚߩ߇࿑㧙 ߢࠆ㧚ߥ ߅㧘࿑㧙 ߢߪ C ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߣ D ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߦߒ ߡߘࠇߙࠇ␜ߒ㧘߹ߚ㧘࿑ਛߩታ✢ߣ⎕✢ߪ᷹ቯ୯ ߦኻߔࠆㄭૃ✢ࠍߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 ᧄⵝ⟎ߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ߪ㧘⍾⾰ߢߪ ka㧩 㨪EOU ⒟ᐲߩ▸࿐ߢᄌൻߒ㧘ࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߢߪ ka 㧩㨪EOU ⒟ᐲߩ▸࿐ߢᄌൻߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄㅘ᳇ ଥᢙߩ୯ߪ㧘ᣢᓔߩ⍾߿ࠪ࡞࠻ߩ᷹ቯ୯ߦセߴߡ߽ ᄢᏅߩߥᄢ߈ߐߢࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ᧄⵝ⟎ߦࠃࠆ㘻 ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߪ㧘ᣢᓔߩ㑐ଥߣ㘃ૃߒߡࠆ㧚 . ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯน⢻▸࿐ ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߿ E 㧘࿑㧙 ߦ␜ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘 㨪OO ߩ▸࿐ߦ☸ᐲࠍ߽ߟ⍾⾰߿ࠪ࡞࠻⾰ ߩਇ㘻⹜ᢱߦኻߒߡ㧘㘻ᐲ Sr㧩㨪㧑⒟ᐲ ߩ▸࿐ౝߢ ka㧩㨪EOU ⒟ᐲߩ▸࿐ߢߩㅘ᳇ଥ ᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇್ߒߚ㧚 . ⹜㛎ᤨ㑆 ᧄⵝ⟎ᚻᴺߪ㧘వߩ㧞㧚 ߢ⹜㛎ᚻ㗅ࠍㅀߴߚ ࠃ߁ߦ㧘⹜ᢱጀߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲࠍᓮߔࠆ ᳓ᕈ⹜㛎ߣㅘ᳇⹜㛎ࠍ૬ߖߚ߽ߩߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ㧚 ೨⠪ߩ⹜㛎ߢߪ㧘⹜ᢱጀߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍਈ߃ߡ߆ ࠄߩᐔⴧᤨ㑆ߪ㧘㧟ߟߩ⍾⾰⹜ᢱߢߪᢙᤨ㑆㨪 ᤨ㑆⒟ᐲ㧘ࠪ࡞࠻⾰⹜ᢱߢߪ ᤨ㑆㨪 ᤨ㑆⒟ᐲ ߢߞߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘⹜ᢱࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆ╴ኈེߩ㕙ߩ ࡒ࠶ࠢࡈࠖ࡞࠲ߦߪ㧘⍾⾰⹜ᢱߩߣ߈ߪ AEV ⓨ᳇ଚ୯ ߇ M2C㧘ࠪ࡞࠻⾰⹜ᢱߩߣ ߈ߪ M2C ߩ߽ߩࠍߘࠇߙࠇ↪ߚ㧚 ᓟ⠪ߩ⹜㛎ߢߪ㧘ߕࠇߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ㘻ᐲߩ ߣ߈߽ⓨ᳇ࠍㅘㆊߐߖࠆᤨ㑆ߪ߅ࠃߘ ಽ㑆ߣߒߚ㧚.
(6) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. 10 8. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(3) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(6). ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. 20. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉ޓㅘ᳇ޓㅘ᳇ή ޓޓ ޓឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ ޓޓ ޓๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ. 6 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 4 ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 2 0. 0. 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 10 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 0. 100. 20. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka , kad㧔cm/s㧕. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 100. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 10-1. 10. -2. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 10-3 0. 100. 20. . ࿑㧙 D 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ . 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 100. . ࿑㧙 D 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ . 101. 101. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 10-1. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. . kad. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ. 10-2. 100. 2. 4 6 8 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 10-1. 10-2. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(5) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(8). 10-3 0. 100. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(4) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(7). ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(4) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(7). 10-1. 100. 80. ࿑㧙 C 㘻ᐲߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ . 100. 10-3 0. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 101 kad. -2. 0. . 101. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka , kad㧔cm/s㧕. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(3) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(6). ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. ࿑㧙 C 㘻ᐲߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ . 10. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉ޓㅘ᳇ޓㅘ᳇ή ޓޓ ޓឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ ޓޓ ޓๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(5) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(8). 10-3 0. 10. . ࿑㧙 E ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ . 10 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. 20. ࿑㧙 E ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ . 683. .
(7) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. 10 8. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(3) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(6). ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. 80. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉ޓㅘ᳇ޓㅘ᳇ή ޓޓ ޓឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ ޓޓ ޓๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ. 6 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 4 2. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉ޓㅘ᳇ޓㅘ᳇ή ޓޓ ޓឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ ޓޓ ޓๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓ. 60. Brooksࠄߩᑼ(3) van-Genuchtenߩᑼ(6). 40. 20. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 0. 0. 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 0. 100. 20. . ࿑㧙 C 㘻ᐲߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ ⼾ᶆ⍾ . 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 100. . ࿑㧙 C 㘻ᐲߣࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ . 101. 100. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka , kad㧔cm/s㧕. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(4) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(7). kad. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka , kad㧔cm/s㧕. 0. 100 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 10-1. 10. -2. 10. -3. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(4) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(7). kad. 10-1. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 10-2. 10. -3. 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 0. 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 10-4 0. 100. . ࿑㧙 D 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ⼾ᶆ⍾ . 80. 100. . 100 ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 100. 10-1. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. ࿑㧙 D 㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ . 101. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ. 10-2. 10-1. 10-2. 10-3. ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(5) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(8). 10-3 0. 20. 2. 4 6 8 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ 㨇᷹ቯ୯㨉 ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓ ޓBrooksࠄߩᑼ(5) ޓvan-Genuchtenߩᑼ(8). 10-4 0. 10. . ࿑㧙 E ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ⼾ᶆ⍾ . 20 40 60 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. 80. ࿑㧙 E ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ . 684. .
(8) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. 100. ޣឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޤ. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ޓๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ ޓޓޓ ޓޓឭ᩺ⵝ⟎ ޓ ޓ ޓޓޓ ޓޓ᳓ᕈ⹜㛎. 80. 100. ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟. 60. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 101. ޣ㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ޤ. 40 ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟. 20 0. 0. 2. 4 6 8 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s㧔kPa㧕. 10. ࿑㧙 ឭ᩺ⵝ⟎ߣ᳓ᕈ⹜㛎ߦࠃࠆ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢. 10-1. 10-2. 10-3. 10-4. 㧠㧚᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙ એਅߢߪ㧘㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߥࠄ߮ߦࠨࠢ ࡚ࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߟߡ⠨ኤߒߡ㧘ਇ㘻 ߩㅘ᳇․ᕈߦߟߡㅀߴࠆ㧚 . ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߣㅘ᳇ߩή ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߪ㧘ߕࠇ ߩ⹜ᢱߦߟߡ߽㘻ᐲ߇ Sr㧩㧑⒟ᐲࠃࠅ߽ዊߐ ߣ߈ߦㅘ᳇߇↢ߓࠆ㧚ߎߩ㘻ᐲߪ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ ✢ߩᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ Srs 㧑 ߦㄭ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘Srs ߪ㧘᳓ಽ ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩⓨ᳇ଚ୯ se M2C ߦኻᔕߒߚ㘻ᐲߢ ࠆ㧚ㅘ᳇߇↢ߓࠆߣ߈ߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ s ߪ㧘ⓨ᳇ଚ ୯ se ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆᄢ߈ߐߢࠆ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߪ㧘ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߣห⒟ᐲߩ㘻ᐲ. 10-5 0. ޣᣢᓔߩ᷹ቯ୯ޤ Sand : ᢥ₂13) Poudre river sand : ᢥ₂7) Quarts sand mixture : ᢥ₂8) Oakley sand : ᢥ₂12) Touchet silt loam : ᢥ₂7). 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 100. ࿑㧙 C ᣢᓔߩ᷹ቯ୯ߣߩኻᲧ ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ . 101 ޣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ޤ. 100. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ka㧔cm/s㧕. ߎߩᤨ㑆ߪ㧘ⓨ᳇ㅘㆊࠍ㐿ᆎߒߡ߆ࠄⓨ᳇ᵹ㊂߇৻ ቯߦߥࠆ߹ߢߩᤨ㑆߅ࠃ߮ⓨ᳇ᵹߦࠃߞߡ⹜ᢱጀ߇ ੇ῎ߖߕ㘻ᐲᄌൻ߇ߥߣ߈ߩᤨ㑆ߩਔ⠪ࠍ૬ߖ ߡ⸳ቯߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 . ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦᄌൻߦ߁⹜ᢱጀߩⓍᄌൻ ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘⹜ᢱጀߦਈ߃ߚࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩᄢ߈ߐ ߪ㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾߿⼾ᶆ⍾ߢᦨᄢ M2C㧘㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ ߢ M2C㧘㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߢ M2C ⒟ᐲߢߞߚ ߇㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦჇᷫߦ߁㑆㓗Ყߩᷫዋ㊂ߪ ⒟ᐲߢࠅ߆ߢߞߚ㧚ߥ߅㧘వߩ㧞㧚 ߩ C ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘㧙 ߦ␜ߒߚೋᦼ㑆㓗Ყ e ߩ⹜ ᢱጀࠍߒߚᓟߦ㋦⋥ജ p㧩M2C ࠍਈ߃ߚ߇㧘 ߘߩߣ߈ߩ㑆㓗Ყߩᷫዋ㊂ߪ㧘ߕࠇߩ⹜ᢱߢ߽ ⒟ᐲߢߞߚ㧚 . ޣឭ᩺ⵝ⟎ߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯ୯ޤ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ ⼾ᶆ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰. 10-1. 10-2. 10-3. 10-4. ޣឭ᩺ⵝ⟎ߦࠃࠆ᷹ቯ୯ޤ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ ⼾ᶆ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ ޣᣢᓔߩ᷹ቯ୯ޤ Quarts sand mixture : ᢥ₂8) Oakley sand : ᢥ₂12). 10-5 0. 20. 40 60 㘻ᐲ Sr㧔㧑㧕. 80. 100. ࿑㧙 D ᣢᓔߩ᷹ቯ୯ߣߩኻᲧ ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ . ▸࿐ߢㅘ᳇߇↢ߓࠆ߇㧘ㅘ᳇߇↢ߓߥߊߥࠆߣ߈ߩ ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩᄢ߈ߐߪ㧘ឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩⓨ᳇ଚ୯ se ࠃ ࠅ߽ዊߐߥ୯ߢࠆ㧚. 685.
(9) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ߳ߩ㘻ᐲߩᓇ㗀 ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߩ㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߟ ߡ㧘એਅߩࠃ߁ߥ․ᓽ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ㧚 C 㘻ᐲࡠ߆ࠄᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ ⍾⾰ߩ㧟⹜ᢱߢߪ㘻ᐲ߇⚂ 㧑ࠃࠅ߽ዊߐ ▸࿐ߢ㧘㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߢߪ㘻ᐲ߇⚂ 㧑ࠃࠅ ߽ዊߐ▸࿐ߢ㧘ឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩߕࠇߢ߽ㅘ᳇ ଥᢙ ka ߪἹੇ῎ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙ kad ߣ߶߷หߓ୯ߢ৻ቯ ߣߥࠆะߦࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ㘻ᐲ▸࿐ߪ㧘࿑㧙 㨪 ߩ C ߦ␜ߒߚ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߦ߅ߡᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ Sr 㧑 ࠃࠅ߽ዊߐ▸࿐ߦ⋧ᒰߔࠆ㧚 ᱷ⇐㘻ᐲࠃࠅ߽ዊߐߥ㘻ᐲߩ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘㑆㓗 ᳓߇☸ሶ㕙ߦๆ⌕ߐࠇߡࠆ߆☸ሶߩធ⸅ὐ ઃㄭ߿⁜㑆㓗ㇱಽߦᜬߐࠇߡࠆ⁁ᘒߢࠆ㧚 ߘߩࠃ߁ߥ㑆㓗ㇱಽߪⓨ᳇ᵹߦነਈߒ㔍ߚ㧘ߘ ߩ㘻ᐲ▸࿐ߢ kaѳkCF ߣߥࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 D ᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ߆ࠄᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߩ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩ൨㈩ dsdSr ߩ୯ ߇ᦨዊߣߥࠆߣ߈ ߽ߒߊߪ㧘Ყ᳓ಽኈ㊂ C㧩n dSrds ߩ୯߇ᦨᄢߣߥࠆߣ߈ n ߪ㑆㓗₸ ߩ㘻ᐲࠍᄌᦛ ὐ㘻ᐲ Srp 㧑 SrQ㧨Srp㧨Srs ߣቯ⟵ߒߡ߱ߎߣߦ ߔࠆ㧚ߎߩ Srp ߩ୯ߪ㧘⍾⾰ߢߪ 㨪㧑⒟ᐲ㧘㐳 ⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߢߪ⚂ 㧑ߩᄢ߈ߐߢࠆ㧚 ߐߡ㧘 ޟᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ SrQ ߆ࠄᄌᦛὐ㘻ᐲ Srp ߹ߢߩ ▸࿐ߪߢޠ㧘ߕࠇߩ⹜ᢱߦߟߡ߽ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ ߪ㧘SrQ ߩߣ߈ߩᄢ߈ߐ߆ࠄߘߩᢙಽߩ 㨪 ߩᄢ ߈ߐ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ౝߢ✭߿߆ߦᄌൻߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ឃ᳓ ㆊ⒟ߦセߴࠆߣ㧘ๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩᄌൻ㊂߇ ዊߐߢࠅ㧘หߓ㘻ᐲߦኻߒߡๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߩㅘ ᳇ଥᢙ߇ᄢ߈ߦߥࠆ㧚ᰴߦ㧘ޟᄌᦛὐ㘻ᐲ Srp ߆ ࠄᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ Srs ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ߩߢޠㅘ᳇ଥᢙߪ㧘Srp ߣ߈ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩᄢ߈ߐ߆ࠄߘߩ 㨪 ߩᄢ ߈ߐ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ౝߢᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߔࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘 ᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ߆ࠄᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥ ᢙ߳ߩ㘻ᐲߩᓇ㗀ߪᄌᦛὐ㘻ᐲࠍႺ⇇ߦߒߡ⇣ ߥࠆߎߣ߇್ߒߚ㧚̌ᐢߊߥߞߚࠅ⁜ߊߥߞߚࠅ ߒ㧘Ძ⚦ⴊ▤⁁ߩ᭴ㅧ̍ࠍ߽ߟߣߺࠄࠇࠆ㑆㓗ㇱಽ ߦ߅ߡ㧝㧠㧕㧘SrQ ߆ࠄ Srp ߹ߢߩ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘̌ⓨ᳇ᵹߩ ߺߜ̍߇ࡑࠢࡠߥ㑆㓗ㇱಽߢᒻᚑߐࠇߡߡ㧘ߘࠇ ࠃࠅ߽ዊߐߩ㑆㓗ㇱಽߪ㑆㓗᳓ߢ㐽Ⴇߐࠇߡ߽ⓨ ᳇ᵹߦᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߒߥ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘Srp ߆ࠄ Srs ߹ߢߩ ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘ࡑࠢࡠߥ㑆㓗ㇱಽ߽㑆㓗᳓ߢḩߚߐࠇࠆ ߚߦㅘ᳇ᕈ߇ᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߔࠆߎߣ߇ᗐߐࠇࠆ㧚 ߣߎࠈߢ㧘㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߪ㧘ឃ᳓ߣ ๆ᳓ߩㆊ⒟ߩ⋧㆑ߦࠃߞߡ⧯ᐓߩࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬ߇↢ ߓ㧘หߓ㘻ᐲߦኻߒߡๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙ߇ᄢ ߈ߦߥࠆ㧚ߎߩࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬߪ㧘೨ㅀߩࠃ߁ߥ㑆 㓗᭴ㅧߦኻߒߡ㧘ឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ߩㆊ⒟ߦࠃߞߡᒻᚑߐ 686. ࠇࠆ̌ⓨ᳇ᵹߩߺߜ̍߇⋧㆑ߔࠆߎߣ߇ේ࿃ߩ৻ߟ ߢߪߥ߆ߣ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ㧚 E ᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ߆ࠄ㘻ᐲ Sr㧩㧑߹ߢߩ▸࿐ ߘߩ▸࿐ߢߪㅘ᳇߇ࠄࠇߕ㧘㑆㓗ⓨ᳇߇ሽ ߒߡ߽ߘࠇ߇ኽߐࠇߡߚࠅ㧘 ̌ⓨ᳇ᵹߩߺߜ̍߇ ᒻᚑߐࠇߥߣ߈ߩ㘻ᐲߢࠆߣ⸃㉼ߐࠇࠆ㧚 . ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥ ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ E ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ߢߪࠨࠢࠪ ࡚ࡦ߇⚂ M2C એਅߩ▸࿐ߢ㧘㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ߢߪ⚂ M2C㧘⼾ᶆ⍾ߢߪ⚂ M2C㧘㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߢߪ ⚂ M2C એਅߩ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥᢙ߇ᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߒ㧘 ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߪឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ߩㆊ⒟ ߦࠃߞߡࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬ߇↢ߓࠆ㧚ߎߩ㑐ଥߢߩࡅࠬ ࠹ࠪࠬߪ㧘࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߩ᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߢหߓ ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߦኻߒߡឃ᳓ㆊ⒟ߦセߴๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߢߩ㘻 ᐲ߇ዊߐߊߥࠆߎߣ߇ᤋߒߡࠆߣߺࠄࠇࠆ㧚 . 㧡㧚ਇ㘻ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩផቯᑼ ᷹ቯ୯ߦኻߒߡ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ㘻ᐲࠆߪࠨࠢ ࡚ࠪࡦߩ㑐ᢙߢߒߚᓥ᧪ᑼߩㆡ↪ᕈࠍ⺞ߴࠆ㧚 . Brooks ࠄߩᑼ Brooks&Corey㧣㧕ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩᑼ ߪᰴᑼߦࠃߞߡਈ߃ࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚 Se. O. Sr Sr 0 S rs Sr 0. § se · ¨ s ¸ © ¹. ߎߎߢ㧘Se ߪല㘻ᐲ㧘se M2C ߪⓨ᳇ଚ୯㧘dz ߪߩ⒳㘃ߦࠃߞߡ߹ࠆࡄࡔ࠲ Brooks ࠄߪ 㑆㓗ᓘಽᏓᜰᮡߣ⒓ߒߚ ߢࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘㘻ᐲߣ ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥ㧘ࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߪߘ ࠇߙࠇᰴߩᑼ 㧘ᑼ ߦࠃߞߡਈ߃ࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚 ka. 2 2 O O kad 1 Se
(10) ª1 Se
(11) º ¬ ¼ 2. ka. ª § s ·O º ª § s · 2 O º kad «1 ¨ e ¸ » «1 ¨ e ¸ » ¬« © s ¹ ¼» «¬ © s ¹ ¼». ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩ᷹ቯ୯ ߦኻߒߡ㧘ᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ Srs ߦߪ᷹ቯ୯ࠍ↪㧘ᑼ ߩ㑐ଥࠍࡈࠖ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡផቯߒ ߚ Sr㧘se㧘dzߩߘࠇߙࠇߩ୯ࠍ㧙 ߦ␜ߒߚ㧚ߘߒ ߡ㧘㧙 ߩࡄࡔ࠲ࠍ↪ߡ㧘ᑼ ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥ ࠍ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߦ㧘ᑼ ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥࠍ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ. E ߦߘࠇߙࠇ⎕✢ߢ␜ߒߚ㧚ᑼ ࠆߪᑼ ߪ㧘᷹ቯߒߚ㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠆߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ ߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߩᒻ⁁ࠍㄭૃ⊛ߦߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘.
(12) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9 㧙 Brooks ࠄߩᑼ ߩࡄࡔ࠲ ⹜ᢱฬ⒓. ㆊ⒟. 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ ⼾ᶆ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰. Srs se Sr. 㧑 㧑 M2C. 㧙 van-Genuchten ߩᑼ ߩࡄࡔ࠲ dz. ឃ᳓ . . . ๆ᳓ . . . ឃ᳓ . . . ๆ᳓ . . . ឃ᳓ . . . ๆ᳓ . . . ឃ᳓ . . . ๆ᳓ . . . ⹜ᢱฬ⒓ 㠽ข⍾ਐ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉ⍾⾰ ⼾ᶆ⍾ 㐳⦟Ꮉࠪ࡞࠻⾰. ߕࠇߩᑼߦࠃߞߡ߽ㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍዊߐߦਈ߃ࠆ㧚 . van-Genuchten ߩᑼ van-Genuchten㧝㧜㧕ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩ ᑼߪᰴᑼߦࠃߞߡਈ߃ࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚 Se. S r S r0 S rs S r0. 1 ª1 Ds
(13) n* º ¬ ¼. 11 n*. . ߎߎߢ㧘ǩ M2C ߣ n*ߪߩ⒳㘃ߦࠃߞߡ߹ࠆ ࡄࡔ࠲ߢࠆ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐 ଥߪ Lenhard&Parker㧥㧕ߦࠃߞߡᰴߩࠃ߁ߢࠆ㧚 ka. 12 n * n * 1 kad 1 Se
(14) ª1 Se
(15) º ¬ ¼. 2 2 n*. . ߹ߚ㧘ᑼ ߩ㑐ଥߦᑼ ߩ㑐ଥࠍઍߔࠇ߫㧘ᰴ ߩࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ㧚 12. ka. ½ ° ° 1 kad ®1 11 n* ¾ ° ª1 Ds
(16) n* º ° ¼ ¯ ¬ ¿. ª º 1 «1 » n* «¬ 1 Ds
(17) »¼. ㆊ⒟. Srs Sr ǩ. 㧑 㧑 M2C. n*. ឃ᳓. . . ๆ᳓. . . ឃ᳓. . . ๆ᳓. . . ឃ᳓. . . ๆ᳓. . . ឃ᳓. . . ๆ᳓. . . Brooks ࠄߩᑼ 㧘 ߪ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢߆ࠄផቯ ߒߚ㑆㓗ᓘಽᏓࠍ↪ߡⓨ᳇ᵹߩḧᦛᐲߥߤࠍࡕ࠺ ࡞ൻߒߚ Burdine ࡕ࠺࡞㧝㧡㧕ߦၮߠߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘van-Genuchten ߩᑼ 㧘 ߪ㧘ห᭽ߦࡕ࠺࡞ ൻߒߚ Mualem ࡕ࠺࡞㧝㧢㧕ߦၮߠߊ㧚ਔࡕ࠺࡞ߩ⋧㆑ ߩ৻ߟߪ㧘㘻ᐲߦࠃߞߡᄌൻߔࠆⓨ᳇ᵹߩḧᦛᐲ ࠍߒߚᑼ ߩ 㧙Se 㗄ߣᑼ ߩ 㧙Se 㗄 ߣߢࠆ ᑼ ߣᑼ ߽ห᭽ߢࠆ 㧚ߎࠇࠄߩ㗄 ࠍᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘หߓ㘻ᐲߩߣ߈ߦ Burdine ࡕ࠺࡞ߪ Mualem ࡕ࠺࡞ࠃࠅ߽ⓨ᳇ᵹߩḧᦛᐲࠍዊߐߦਈ ߃ߡ߅ࠅ㧘࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߿ E ߩࠃ߁ߦ Brooks ࠄߩ ᑼߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙ߇ van-Genuchten ߩᑼߦࠃࠆ߽ߩ ࠃࠅ߽ዊߐߦߥࠆේ࿃ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 . 㧢㧚ߣ߇߈ . 2 2 n*. . ೨ㅀߣห᭽ߦ㧘࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߩ᷹ቯ୯ߦኻߒߡ ᑼ ߩ㑐ଥࠍࡈࠖ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣߐߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ ᓧࠄࠇߚ Sr㧘ǩ㧘n*߅ࠃ߮ Srs ߩ୯ࠍ㧙 ߦ␜ߒߚ㧚 ߘߒߡ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩࡄࡔ࠲ࠍ↪ߡ㧘ᑼ ߦࠃࠆ 㑐ଥࠍ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ D ߦ㧘ᑼ ߦࠃࠆ㑐ଥࠍ࿑㧙 㨪 ߩ E ߦߘࠇߙࠇታ✢ߢ␜ߒߚ㧚ᑼ ߿ᑼ ߩ ߘࠇߙࠇߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙߪ㧘Brooks ࠄߩᑼ ߿ᑼ. ߦセߴߡ㧘ᄢ߈ߩ୯ࠍ␜ߒ㧘߹ߚ㧘᷹ቯ୯ߦㄭ ߊߥࠆะ߇ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 . ਔᑼߩ⋧㆑ ࿑㧙㨪 ߩ C ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘Brooks ࠄߩᑼ ߣ van-Genuchten ߩᑼ ߣߩ㑆ߦߪ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ߩ ᷹ቯ୯ߦኻߔࠆว⥌ᐲߦᄢᏅߥ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘೨ㅀߩ ࠃ߁ߦㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯ୯߳ߩว⥌ᐲߢߪਔ⠪ߦᏅ߇ ߺࠄࠇࠆ㧚. 687. ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘ਇ㘻ߩ᳓ᕈࠍᓮߒߥ߇ࠄㅘ ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆⵝ⟎ᚻᴺࠍឭ᩺ߒ㧘ߘߩ↪ ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘㘻ᐲߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߥ ࠄ߮ߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥࠍ⠨ኤߒߚ㧚ߘ ߩ⚿ᨐ㧘એਅߩ㗄߇್ߒߚ㧚. ⍾⾰ߣࠪ࡞࠻⾰ߦߟߡ㧘㘻ᐲ߇ Sr㧩 㨪㧑⒟ᐲߩ▸࿐ౝߢ ka㧩㨪EOU ߩ▸࿐ߩㅘ ᳇ଥᢙࠍ᷹ቯߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇್ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘᷹ቯߒ ߚㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ߪ㧘ᣢᓔߩ᷹ቯ୯ߦセߴߡᄢᏅߥ ᄢ߈ߐߢߞߚ㧚. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ᷹ቯߣ૬ߖߡ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢߇ᓧࠄ ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘᳓ಽ․ᕈᦛ✢ ߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߦߪᰴߩ․ᓽ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚. ᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ Sr ࠃࠅ߽ዊߐ㘻ᐲ▸࿐㧘߽ߒߊ ߪ Sr ߦኻᔕߔࠆࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠃࠅ߽ᄢ߈▸࿐ߢ㧘ㅘ ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ߪ৻ቯߣߥࠅ㧘Ἱੇ῎ߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ୯ ߣหߓᄢ߈ߐߦߥࠆะ߇ߞߚ㧚. ᱷ⇐㘻ᐲ Sr ߆ࠄᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ Srs 㧨㧑 ߹ߢ ߩ▸࿐ߢߪ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߪ߅߅ࠃߘ ࠝ࠳ߩ▸࿐.
(18) 土木学会論文集Ｃ Vol.62 No.3, 679-688, 2006. 9 Yoshimi, Y. and Osterberg, J. O. : Compression of partially saturated cohesive soils, Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.89, No.SM4, pp.1-24, 1963. Brooks, R. H. and Corey, A. T. : Properties of porous media affecting fluid flow, Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.92, No.IR2, pp.61-88, 1966. Dury, O., Fischer, U. and Schulin, R. : Dependence of hydraulic and pneumatic characteristics of soils on a dissolved organic compound, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, Vol.33, pp.39-57, 1998. Lenhard, R. J. and Parker, J. C. : A model for hysteretic constitutive relations governing multiphase flow, 2. Permeability-saturation relations, Water Resources Research, Vol.23, No.12, pp.2197-2206, 1987. van-Genuchten, M. Th. : A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol.44, pp.892-898, 1980. ⋚Ꮏቇળޟ⾰⹜㛎ߩᣇᴺߣ⸃⺑ޠᡷ⸓✬㓸ᆔຬળ㧦 ⾰⹜㛎ߩᣇᴺߣ⸃⺑ ╙৻࿁ᡷ⸓ 㧘⋚Ꮏቇળ㧘 RR ╙ ┨ ߩ᳓ᕈ⹜㛎 㧘 Stonestrom, D. A. and Rubin, J. : Air permeability and trapped-air cintent in two soils, Water Resources Research, Vol.25, No.9, pp.1959-1969, 1989. Stylianou, C. and DeVantier, B. A. : Relative air permeability as function of saturation in soil venting, Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol.121, No.4, pp.337-347, 1995. ቝ㊁ዏ㓶㧘⼱ᶈੑ㧘↰ਛብ〝㧦 ޟⓨ᳇ᴺޟߣޠ᳓ ಽᴺߩ⍾ࠆࠃߦޠ㑆㓗ᓘಽᏓ㧘ᧁቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘 0Q+++㧘RR㧘 Burdine, N. T. : Relative permeability calculations from pore size distribution data, Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, Vol.198, pp.71-78, 1953. Mualem, Y. : A new model for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media, Water Resources Research, Vol.12, pp.513-522, 1976.. ߢᄌൻߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘㘻ᐲߦࠃࠆㅘ᳇ଥᢙ߳ߩᓇ㗀 ߪᄌᦛὐ㘻ᐲ Srp ࠍႺ⇇ߦ⇣ߥࠆߎߣ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ㧚 ৻ᣇ㧘ᦨᄢ㘻ᐲ Srs ࠃࠅ߽ᄢ߈ߥ㘻ᐲ▸࿐ߢߪㅘ ᳇߇↢ߓߥ߆ߞߚ㧚. Sr ߆ࠄ Srs ߹ߢߩ㘻ᐲ▸࿐ߦ߅ߡ㧘㘻ᐲߣ ㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐ଥߥࠄ߮ߦࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣㅘ᳇ଥᢙߩ㑐 ଥߦߪ㧘ߕࠇ߽㑆㓗᳓ߩឃ᳓ߣๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩጁᱧߦ ࠃߞߡࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬ߇↢ߓࠆߎߣ߇ࠄࠇߚ㧚ห ߓᄢ߈ߐߩ㘻ᐲ߽ߒߊߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߢߩㅘ᳇ଥᢙ ߪๆ᳓ㆊ⒟ߩᣇ߇ᄢ߈ߊߥߞߚ㧚. ㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍ㘻ᐲࠆߪࠨ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߣߩ㑐ଥ ߢߒߚ Brooks ࠄߦࠃࠆᑼߣ van-Genuchten ߦࠃ ࠆᑼߩߘࠇߙࠇߩㆡ↪ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ㧘Mualem ࡕ࠺࡞ ߦၮߠߚ van-Genuchten ߦࠃࠆᑼߩᣇ߇᷹ቯ୯ߦ ኻߒߡㄭะߦࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚Burdine ࡕ࠺࡞ ߦၮߠߚ Brooks ࠄߦࠃࠆᑼߪ㧘van-Genuchten ߦ ࠃࠆᑼߦセߴߡ㧘ㅘ᳇ଥᢙࠍㆊዊߦਈ߃ߚ㧚 ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㠽ขᄢቇੇ῎⎇ⓥࡦ࠲ߩห↪ ⎇ⓥߩഥࠍฃߌߚ㧚㑐ଥฦߦ⻢ᗧࠍߔࠆ㧚 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ ਣᢕዏ㧦ጀ⁁ߦၸⓍߒߚᢳ㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ㒠㔎ᵹࡊࡠ ࠬߣਛ᳓ߩ⾂⇐ᯏ⢻㧘ℂቇ⹏⺰㧘8QN 5GT# 㧘 0Q㧘RR㧘 ቝ㊁ዏ㓶㧘᧖ବᄦ㧘⼱ᶈੑ㧦Ყ㕙Ⓧ᷹ቯߦၮߠ ߊ☸ሶ‛ᕈߣㅘ᳇ᕈㅘ᳓ᕈߩ⠨ኤ㧘ᧁቇળ⺰ᢥ 㓸㧘0Q+++㧘RR㧘 Tanner, C. B. and Wengel, R. W. : An air permeameter for field and laboratory use, Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, Vol.21, pp.663-664, 1957. ᳁ኅ ൟ㧘㐳Ἇ㊀⟵㧦ࠦࡦࠢ࠻ߩㅘ᳇ᕈߩቯ㊂⊛ ⹏ଔߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ᧁቇળ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘0Q8㧘 RR㧘 ᳓ᷰ⧷ੑ㧘⨹Ꮉᱜᢥ㧘㜞ᯅ మ㧦ᣂߒㅘㆊᑼᲧ㕙 Ⓧ᷹ቯⵝ⟎ߣੑ㧘ਃߩ⠨ኤ㧘Ꮏᬺൻቇ㔀㧘8QN㧘 0Q㧘RR㧘. . ฃઃ . . THE MEASUREMENT OF AIR PERMEABILITY COEFFICIENT OF UNSATURATED SOIL WITH CONTROLLING WATER RETENTIVITY . Kohji KAMIYA, Rully BAKRIE and Yusuke HONJO This paper describes characteristics of air permeability of unsaturated soils. The method of air permeability test which is able to control the suction repetitively to adjust the degree of saturation of an unsaturated soil sample is proposed. The relationships among air permeability coefficient, degree of saturation and suction are evaluated. As a result, it made clear that air permeability coefficient in the range from 10-3cm/s to 100cm/s was able to be measured by the proposed method. And then, it was recognized that the relationships between air permeability coefficient, degree of saturation and suction showed hysteresis in drying and wetting processes, and that the air permeability coefficient in wetting process was larger than the one in drying process.. 688.
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