ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ♫ேᇶ♏ຊࡢຠᯝ ᐃ
∦ᒸ 㝯அ*1㸪℩ᑿ ㄔ*2㸪㧘ᒣ ᬛ⾜*3㸪㇂㷂 㶾ኈ*4
Effect Measurements of Fundamental Competencies for Working Persons using CHOICE GAME
Takayuki KATAOKA*1, Makoto SEO*2㸪Tomoyuki TAKAYAMA*3 and Takashi TANIZAKI*4
In this paper, effect measurements of Fundamental Competencies for Working Persons
(:FCWP) using CHOICE GAME are addressed. In February, 2006, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry defined the basic abilities required in working together with various people in the workplace and in the local communities as “Fundamental Competencies for Working Persons” which consist of the following three competencies (12 competency factors), (1) Ability to step forward (action); (2) Ability to think through (thinking); (3) Ability to work in a team (teamwork), at a committee comprising of intellectuals in the businesses and universities. We adopted a new card game, CHOICE GAME, into a lesson and measured the effectiveness of FCWP by questionnaires. As the result, the following 4 competency factors, (1) Initiative; (2) Ability to listen closely and carefully; (3) Ability to grasp situations; (4) Ability to control stress, were improved.
Keywords: Fundamental Competencies for Working Persons, Effect Measurement, CHOICE GAME,
㸬ࡣࡌࡵ
㧗ᏛṔࡀ㐍ࡴ୰࡛㸪⫋ᴗ⮬ࡽࡢே⏕ࡢ㛵ಀࡘ
࠸࡚⮬ぬࡢ࡞࠸ࡲࡲᑵ⫋ࢆࡋ㸪▷ᮇ㛫࡛㞳⫋ࡋࡓࡾ㌿⫋
ࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿⱝ⪅ࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡘ࠸࡚㸪ⱝ⪅ࡢ
ປほࡸ⫋ᴗほࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿ࢟ࣕࣜᩍ⫱ࡢഛࢆᣦࡍࡿ
ኌࡣࡁ࠸ࡀ㸪᪉㸪⬺ᕤᴗࡀ㐍ࡳ㧗ᗘሗ♫
࡞ࡗ࡚㸪⫋ົ⮬యࡀከᵝࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ࣓࣮ࢪ࡛ࡣ
ࡽ࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸⫋ᴗ࣭⫋ົࡶቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡶᣦࡉࢀ
࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬㏆␥ᏛᕤᏛ㒊࡛ࡣ㸪㏆␥ᏛOB
⤌⧊ࡢ㐃ᦠࡼࡾ㸪ཌ⏕ປാ┬ࡢ⫋ᴗศ㢮ᚑࡗ࡚௦
⾲ⓗ࡞⫋ᴗࢆ⤂ࡍࡿࡶ㸪Ꮫ⏕⮬ࡽࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ࠾
ࡋ࡚㸪⌧ᐇࡢ⫋ᴗୡ⏺ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵ㸪⫋ᴗୡ⏺
ࡢ㐺ᛂࡢ๓ᥦ࡞ࡿ♫ேᇶ♏ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗ
ࡍࡿㅮ⩏ࢆ᪂ࡓタࡋࡓ㸬≉㸪ࢤ࣮࣒࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ
࣮࣡ࢡࡼࡿᴗົఝయ㦂ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚⌧ᐇ
ⓗ࡞⫋ᴗ⌮ゎࡢಁ㐍♫ேᇶ♏ຊࡢྥୖࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛♫ேᇶ♏ຊࡣ㸪⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ࡀᥦၐࡍࡿ
♫㸦ᴗ㸧࡛ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ3ࡘࡢ⬟ຊ12ࡢせ⣲ࢆ࠸࠺㸬 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢྥୖᗘࢆඹྠ◊✲ࡢ୍⎔ࡋ࡚⤫ィᏛ
ⓗᡭἲࡼࡾᐃ㔞ⓗホ౯ࡋ㸪ࡢ≉ᛶຠᯝࡀฟࡓࡢ
ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾ㸪య㦂⪅ࡢࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆྥ
ୖࡉࡏࡿࡇࢆ┠ⓗࡍࡿ㸬
ཎ✏ཷ 2015ᖺ5᭶7᪥
*1 ㏆␥ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 ሗᏛ⛉ ᩍᤵ㸪ḟୡ௦ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛ739-2116 ᮾᗈᓥᕷ㧗ᒇ࠺ࡵࡢ㎶1␒㸧 E-mail [email protected]
*2 ୍⯡♫ᅋἲே Ⴀᴗࡦ◊✲ᡤ ௦⾲⌮㸦ࠛ730-0043 ᗈᓥᕷ୰༊ᐩኈぢ⏫11-6㸦࢚ࢯ࣮ࣝᗈᓥࣅࣝ9㝵㸧㸧 E-mail [email protected]
*3 ㏆␥ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 ᩍ⫱᥎㐍ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ᩍᤵ㸪Ꮫ⩦ᨭᐊ ᐊ㛗㸦ࠛ739-2116 ᮾᗈᓥᕷ㧗ᒇ࠺ࡵࡢ㎶1␒㸧 E-mail [email protected]
*4 ㏆␥ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 ሗᏛ⛉ ᩍᤵ㸪ḟୡ௦ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡◊✲ᡤ ᩍᤵ㸦ࠛ739-2116 ᮾᗈᓥᕷ㧗ᒇ࠺ࡵࡢ㎶1␒㸧 E-mail [email protected]
㐃⤡ඛ㸸∦ᒸ㝯அ㸦◊✲௦⾲⪅㸧
近畿大学次世代基盤技術研究所報告 Vol. 6（2015）73－77
㸬ㅮ⩏ෆᐜ
ෆᐜࡣ㸪ձᗙᏛࡼࡿ⫋ᴗୡ⏺ࡢ⌮ゎ㸪ղࢤ࣮࣒࣭ࢢ
࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࡼࡿᴗົࡢఝయ㦂㸪ճ୍㐃ࡢయ㦂ࢆグ 㘓ࡋࡓ࣏࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣜ࢜ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⮬ศࡢᙉࡳ࣭≉ᚩࡢ⌮ゎ㸪
࠸࠺3ࡘࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡛ᵓᡂࡋࡓ㸬ᴗົఝయ㦂㛵ࡋ࡚
ࡣ㸪ᑗ᮶㸪⤒Ⴀ⪅ࢆ┠ᣦࡍどⅬࡽ㸪⮬ศ㐩࡛௬ࡢ
♫ࢆタ❧ࡋ࡚㸪ᴗ⤒Ⴀ㐠Ⴀࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⌧ᐇ㉳ࡇࡾ
ࡑ࠺࡞㇟ࢆᐃࡋࡓタၥᙧᘧ㸦YES࣭NO㸧ࡢ◊ಟᩍᮦ
ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࠖࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ఝయ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ከᵝ࡞ព ぢ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉウ㆟ࢆ⾜࠺ࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢά
ືࡢᛂ⏝⦅ࡋ࡚㸪ᢏ⾡ⓗどⅬࡽࡢ᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫ
ࣉࣛࣥసᡂཬࡧࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡼࡾ⫋ᴗほࢆ⮬ぬ ࡉࡏࡿࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆタࡅࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪♫ேࡢᇶᮏ࡞ࡿ
ᣵᣜ࣭ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣐ࢼ࣮ࡢᐇᢏࢆẖᅇ⾜ࢃࡏࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ ᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪ᮃࡲࡋ࠸ປほࡸ⫋ᴗほࢆ㌟ࡘࡅࡿࡓ
ࡵࡢືᶵ࡙ࡅࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡶࡢᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ⫱ᡂᑐ㇟
⫱ᡂᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿேᮦീ࣭⫱ᡂ┠ᶆ࣭⬟ຊ㡯┠ࢆ௨
ୗ♧ࡍ㸬 㸺ேᮦീ㸼
ࠕ⮬ศࡢ⫋ᴗࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚♫㈉⊩ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠖࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ
♫ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿᢏ⾡⪅ᛮ⪃ࡢḟୡ௦࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ
┠ᣦࡍࠖ
㸺Ꮫ⩦࣭ᩍ⫱┠ᶆ㸼
ᮃࡲࡋ࠸⫋ᴗほࢆ⫱ᡂࡋ㸪㐺ษ࡞㐍㊰㑅ᢥࢆ⮬ᚊⓗ
⾜࠸࠺ࡿ⬟ຊࡢఙ㛗ࢆࡣࡿ㸬 㸺฿㐩┠ᶆ㸼
ཷㅮ⪅ࡣࡇࡢ⛉┠ࢆᒚಟࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚㸪௨ୗࡢࡇ
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ㸬
(1) ᴗ⤒Ⴀࡢ⤌ࡳࢆᏛࡧ㸪ከᵝ࡞ᴗ⏺࣭⫋ᴗࡑࡢ⫋
ົෆᐜࢆ▱ࡿ㸬
(2) ᪂つᴗࣉࣛࣥࡸࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࠖࡢᑟධࡼࡾ♫
ேᇶ♏ຊࠕ๓㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖࠕ⪃࠼ࡿຊࠖࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛
ാࡃຊࠖࡢ⬟ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ㸬
(3) ♫ேࡋ࡚ࡢᣵᣜ࣭ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࣐ࢼ࣮ࢆ㌟ࡅࡿ㸬 ⫱ᡂࣉࣟࢭࢫ
15ᅇࡢㅮ⩏ࡣ㸪ձᗙᏛࡼࡿ⫋ᴗୡ⏺ࡢ⌮ゎ㸦➨1ᅇ 㹼➨5ᅇ㸪➨14ᅇ㸧㸪ղࢤ࣮࣒࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࡼࡿ
ᴗົࡢఝయ㦂㸦➨6ᅇ㹼➨10ᅇ㸧㸪ճ୍㐃ࡢయ㦂ࡽ
⌮ゎࡋࡓ⮬ศࡢᙉࡳ࣭≉ᚩࢆάࡍ୰࡛ࡢ༠ྠసᴗࡼ
ࡿ᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥࡢసᡂ㸦➨11ᅇ㹼➨13ᅇ㸧㸪
࠸࠺3ࡘࡢࣈࣟࢵࢡ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ྛᅇࡢᤵᴗࢸ
࣮࣐ࡣୗグࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪15ᅇࡢᤵᴗ⤊ᚋヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪 ᡂᯝࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ㸬
(1) ⫋ᴗ⏕άࡘ࠸࡚㸦ᴗࡀồࡵࡿேᮦ㸧࣭ࣥࢣ࣮
ࢺ㸦ཷㅮ๓㐍㊰㑅ᢥព㆑ㄪᰝ㸧
(2) ᴗ⤒Ⴀࡢᐇែࡘ࠸࡚㸦୰ᑠᴗࡢ⤒Ⴀ㸧
(3) ⫋ᴗศ㢮ࡘ࠸࡚㸦ᢏ⾡⣔㸪⟶⌮⣔㸪Ⴀᴗ⣔㸪ࡑࡢ㸧 (4) ㉳ᴗᐙࡢᚰᵓ࠼ࡘ࠸࡚㸦ඛேᏛࡪ㸧
(5) ♫タ❧‽ഛࡘ࠸࡚㸦⮬ศ㐩ࡢ♫ࢆࡘࡃࡿ㸧࣭࣭
௬ࡢ♫タ❧
(6) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦1㸧Ⴀᴗ㒊㛛ࡢఝయ㦂ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ
࣮࣒ࠖ㸸ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒య㦂ព㆑ㄪᰝ㸦ཷㅮ๓㸧 (7) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦2㸧㛤Ⓨ㒊㛛ࡢఝయ㦂ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ
࣮࣒ࠖ
(8) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦3㸧〇㐀㒊㛛ࡢఝయ㦂ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ
࣮࣒ࠖ
(9) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦4㸧⟶⌮㒊㛛ࡢఝయ㦂ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ
࣮࣒ࠖ
(10) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦5㸧㒊㛛ඹ㏻ࡢఝయ㦂ࠕࢳࣙࢫ
ࢤ࣮࣒ࠖ㸸ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒య㦂ព㆑ㄪᰝ㸦ཷㅮᚋ㸧
(11) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦6㸧᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥసᡂ㸦1㸧
(12) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦7㸧᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥసᡂ㸦2㸧
(13) ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ₇⩦㸦8㸧᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥᡂᯝⓎ
⾲࣭ࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ
(14) ⫋ᴗேࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ㸸ࢸ࣮࣐ࠕᑵ⫋άືᡴࡕࡘࡓ
ࡵࠖ㸸እ㒊ㅮᖌ
(15) ࡲࡵ ྛேࡼࡿཷㅮᚋࡢỴព⾲᫂Ⓨ⾲࣭ࣥࢣ
࣮ࢺ㸦ᤵᴗホ౯࣭ཷㅮᚋ㐍㊰㑅ᢥព㆑ㄪᰝ㸧 ヨ㦂㸸ᑠㄽᩥ㸦ປほࡸ⫋ᴗほࡘ࠸࡚ㄢ㢟ᥦ♧㸧 ⫱ᡂホ౯
࣭ᤵᴗࡢึᅇ᭱⤊ᅇᐇࡍࡿ㐍㊰㑅ᢥព㆑ㄪᰝ࡛ࡢ ᅇ⟅ࡢኚ
࣭ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒య㦂๓ᚋ࡛ࡢ♫ேᇶ♏ຊࣞ࣋ࣝ㛵 ࡍࡿ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗኚ㸦ඹྠ◊✲㸧
࣭᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥࡢࢥࣥ࣌ࡢᡂ⦼
࣭ྛேࡼࡿཷㅮᚋࡢỴព⾲᫂ࡢෆᐜ
࣭ປほࡸ⫋ᴗほ㛵ࡍࡿᑠㄽᩥࡢグ㏙ෆᐜ
㸬ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡣ
⌧ᐇ㉳ࡇࡾࡑ࠺࡞㇟ࢆᐃࡋࡓ࣮࢝ࢻࢆ࠸㸪ࢤ
࣮࣒ᛶࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ㸪ᴦࡋࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࣅࢪࢿࢫࢩ࣮ࣥࢆఝ య㦂ࡍࡿ㸬⪅ࡢከᵝ࡞⪃࠼Ẽ࡙ࡁ㸪ㄆࡵ㸪⮬ศࡢព ᚿࢆᮏ㡢࡛ఏ࠼ࡿࡇࡼࡾࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࡸ
⮬ᕫ⫯ᐃឤࡢ㔊ᡂࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡᩍᮦ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡀ┠ᣦࡍࡇࢁࡣ㸪⮬ศࡢࠕពぢࢆఏ࠼
ࡽࢀࡿࠖࡦ㸪┦ᡭࡢࠕពぢࢆཷࡅࡵࡽࢀࡿࠖࡦ㸪 ࡑࡢࢳࣙࢫࡀ⮬ศࡢຍ౯್ࢆୖࡆ㸪ࢳ࣮࣒ࢆᗏୖࡆ ࡋ㸪ࡦ࠸࡚ࡣ┈ࢆฟࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢಶே࣭⤌⧊ࡢᙉ
࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ1ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒యࡢὶࢀࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
ᅗ1㸬ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡢὶࢀ
タၥ࣮࢝ࢻࡢ≉ᚩ
≉ᚩࡢ୍ࡘࡋ࡚㸪࣮࢝ࢻ1ᯛ⛎ࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸪タၥ࡙
ࡃࡾࡢࣀ࢘ࣁ࢘㸦ពⓏ㘓῭ࡳ㸧ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ2 ࡑࡢࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
ᅗ2㸬タၥ࣮࢝ࢻࡢ
࣮࢝ࢻࡢྛ㡯┠ࡣ㸪⮬ศぢ❧࡚㸪ࡘ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ㛫 ࡢὶࢀࢆᐃࡍࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࠖࠕሙ㠃ࠖ㸦❧ሙࢆㄆ
㆑ࡍࡿ㸻⎔ቃ㸧ࢆീࡍࡿ㸬
ձࠕ㇟ࠖ㸦ၥ㢟࣭ㄢ㢟┤㠃ࡍࡿ㸻⎔ቃ㸧 ղࠕⴱ⸨ࠖ㸦ḧ࣭㏞࠸࣭ᛮ⪃ࢆ㟢࿊ࡍࡿ㸻ᚰ㸧 ճࠕ⾜ືࠖ㸦Ⰻ⟇࣭ゎỴືࡃ㸻㌟࣭⾡㸧 մࠕYES㸭NOࠖ㸦ุ᩿࣭⤖ㄽࢆฟࡍ㸻⬻㸧
࣮࢝ࢻࡢෆᐜࡣ㸪᪥ᖖࡢ⌧ሙ࠶ࡾࡀࡕ࡞᮲௳ࢆྲྀࡾ
㎸ࡴ㸬௨ୗࡑࡢ≉ᚩࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
࣭㟁ヰࡼࡿఏゝࡸሗ࿌࡞ࡢࠕ୍ゝ࠶ࡓࡾࡢᩥᏐᩘࠖ
ࢆព㆑㸦60㹼80Ꮠ௨ෆ㸧
࣭ሗࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ㸪1 ᗘ⪺࠸ࡓࡔࡅ࡛ࡣุࡾࡃ࠸㸪᭕
࡞ෆᐜ
࣭⎍࡞ᅇ⟅ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪᮲௳ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ࡕࡽ࡛ࡶ᭷ࡾ࠺
ࡿෆᐜ
࣭ࡗࡉࡢุ᩿ࢆಁࡍࡓࡵ㸪࣮࢝ࢻ1ᯛᙜࡓࡾࡢㄞࡳୖ
ࡆ㛫ࢆ1ศ⛬ᗘᐃ
≉㸪ᴗ⏺࣭ᴗ✀ࢆ㑅ࡤ࡞࠸㸪⤯ᑐⓗ࡞ṇゎࡣ࡞࠸㸪
ᯫ✵ࡢ❧ሙ࡞ࡾࡁࡿ㸪㛫ෆุ᩿ࡍࡿ㸪ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉウ
㆟࡛┦ᡭࡢุ᩿ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿὀຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࣮ࢺࡢά⏝
1ࢳ࣮࣒ࡣ5ே㹼7ே࡛⦅ᡂࡍࡿ㸬5ၥࡢࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮
࣒⤊ᚋ㸪ከᩘὴ㸪ᑡᩘὴࡢࢀࡓタၥࢆ1ࡘ㑅ᢥࡋウ
㆟ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ㸬ࢸ࣮࣐ゎỴࣉࣟࢭࢫࡋ࡚㸪⌧≧㸪
࠶ࡿࡁጼ㸪࠶ࡽࡓ࡞άືࡘ࠸࡚࣏ࢫࢺࢵࢺ㸪ࢢࣝ
࣮ࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࣮ࢺࢆά⏝ࡋ࡚ࢳ࣮࣒ࡋ࡚ࡢ᪉ྥᛶ➨
1ṌࢆࣉࣞࢮࣥⓎ⾲ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ3ࡑࡢࡦ࡞ᙧࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
ᅗ3㸬ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࣮ࢺࡢ
㸬♫ேᇶ♏ຊࡢຠᯝⓗ⫱ᡂ
Ꮫ⏕ࡢ┠ᶆタᐃ࣭ព㆑࡙ࡅ࣭㛵ಀ⪅ࡸᴗ➼እ㒊ࡢ ಙ㢗㛵ಀࡢᵓ⠏࡞㸪ຠᯝⓗ࡞⫱ᡂ࣭ホ౯᪉ἲࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞
࠺ࡓࡵࡢᕤኵࡸ㸪ࡲࡓᏛ⏕Ẽࡁࢆ࠼㸪ᡂ㛗ࢆಁࡍ ࡓࡵᐇ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⾜ື࣭ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢෆᐜ
ࡘ࠸࡚㸪⫼ᬒ࡞ࡿㄢ㢟࣭ၥ㢟ព㆑㸪ᐇෆᐜࢆ௨ୗ
♧ࡍ㸬
ㄢ㢟ᕤኵⅬ 㸺⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿㄢ㢟㸼
ձᏛ⏕ྛேࡢ᭷⬟ឤࡢᢳฟࡼࡿࠕẼ࡙ࡁࠖࠕࡸࡿẼࠖ
ࡉࡏࡿືᶵࡅຠᯝ ᐃ㸬
ղᏛ⏕ࡀᤵᴗ⯆ࢆᣢࡕ㸪ཷㅮࡋ࡚ࡼࡗࡓᛮ࠺ࠕሙ
࡙ࡃࡾࠖࡢࡅ㸬 㸺⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿᕤኵⅬ㸼
ձࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝᐇ㸦ཷㅮ๓ᚋࡢ㐍㊰㑅ᢥព㆑ㄪᰝ㸧 ᚰ⌮ ᐃᑻᗘ㞟ࠕ⫋ᴗᮍỴᐃᑻᗘࠖ(1)ࡢά⏝
ղࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࠖࡢά⏝య㦂ㄪᰝࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㸦ཷ
ㅮ๓ᚋ㸧ࠕ♫ேᇶ♏ຊࣞ࣋ࣝホ౯ᇶ‽⾲ࠖ(2)ࢆά⏝ࡋ
࡚㸪ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡼࡿືᶵࡅࡢຠᯝ ᐃ㸬 ճẖᅇ㸪ᤵᴗ⤊ࠕẼ࡙ࡁࠖ㉁ၥ㡯ࡢ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࢆ
ᥦฟ㸬ᢸᙜᩍဨࡼࡾဨࢥ࣓ࣥࢺグ㏙ࡋ࡚ḟᅇᤵᴗ
☜ㄆ㸦㸸➨1ᅇ㹼➨4ᅇᐇ㸧㸬ࡇࡇ࡛Ꮫ⏕ࡢᚰቃࢆ
ㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㸪Ꮫ⏕ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࡙ࣙࣥࡃࡾࢆᅗࡿ㸬 㸦㸸ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟㸧
մ⮬ศ㐩ࡢ௬♫ࢆタ❧ࡉࡏ࡚㸪᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉ
ࣛࣥࡢࢥࣥ࣌㸦10♫㸧ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ဨཧຍᆺࡼࡿࣉࣞ
ࢮࣥᢞ⚊ࢆ⾜࠸㸪㔠㈹㸪㖟㈹㸪㖡㈹㸪ດຊ㈹ࡢ⾲ᙲ
㈹ရࢆᤵ㸬
⊂⮬タᐃ㡯┠
㸺⬟ຊ㡯┠ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿෆᐜ㸼
ࠕࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࠖά⏝ࡼࡾఝయ㦂࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉウ
㆟ࡼࡾᏛ⏕ࡀయⓗ࡞ࡿ㸬 㸺⬟ຊ㡯┠ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿㄢ㢟㸼
ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡢࠕሙ࡙ࡃࡾࠖຠᯝࢆ⤫ィⓗ᳨ド ࡋ㸪య㦂⪅ࡢࣔࢳ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ㸬
㸺⫱ᡂࡢᕤኵ㸼
ẖᖺ㸪⥅⥆ⓗᐇࡋ࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⾜࠺㸬⾜ື≉ᛶ
ࡸᚰ⌮ⓗせ⣲㡯┠ࢆ㏣ຍࡍࡿ㸬
㸬ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺసᡂ
ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡼࡿືᶵࡅຠᯝࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪
⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬♫ேᇶ♏ຊࣞ࣋ࣝホ౯ᇶ‽⾲࠾ࡅࡿྛ♫
ேᇶ♏ຊせ⣲ࡢࠕⓎ࡛ࡁࡓࠖࡽ1ࡲࡓࡣ2㡯┠
ࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ㸪୍㒊⾲⌧ࢆಟṇࡋ࡚ィ20㡯┠ࡢ㉁ၥ⚊ࢆసᡂ ࡋࡓ㸬㸦࡞࠾㸪ᅇసᡂࡉࢀࡓ㉁ၥ⚊ࡣࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛ാࡃ ຊࠖ㛵ࡍࡿࠕᰂ㌾ᛶࠖせ⣲ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ㡯┠ࡀḞⴠࡋ࡚
࠸ࡓࡇὀពࢆせࡍࡿ㸬㸧
㉁ၥ⚊ࡢ㡯┠ࢆ⾲1♧ࡍ㸬
㸬⤫ィⓗ᳨ド
ᕤᏛ㒊⥲ྜ⛉┠ࠕ⫋ᴗࡢ⌮ゎࠖཷㅮ⪅82ྡࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪 ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇ๓ᚋ࡛㉁ၥ⚊ᅇ⟅ࡋ㸪ᅇ⟅₃ࢀ࡞
ド⏝࠸ࡓ㸬
ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇ๓ᚋ࡛ࡢ♫ேᇶ♏ຊࡢྥୖࢆᐃ 㔞ⓗ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡲࡎྛཷㅮ⪅ࡢྛ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࡢ ᅇ⟅ࢆ㸪ࠕ࡚ࡶᛮ࠺ࠖࢆ 5㸪ࠕࡲࡗࡓࡃᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠖࢆ 1
ࡍࡿ5 ẁ㝵ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡋ࡚ᩘ್ࡋ㸪3 ࡘࡢ♫ே
ᇶ♏ຊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡘ࠸࡚㞟ィࡋࡓ㸬
ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇ๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ3ࡘࡢ♫ேᇶ♏ຊ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᖹᆒ⮬ᕫホ౯್ࢆᑐᛂࡢ࠶ࡿሙྜࡢ t᳨ᐃࢆ
⏝࠸࡚ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ࠕ๓㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖ(t = 2.95, df = 29, p < .01)㸪ࠕ⪃࠼ᢤࡃຊࠖ(t = 2.80, df = 29, p <.01)㸪ࠕࢳ࣮
࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ(t = 3.96, df = 29, p < .01)ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀࡶࢳࣙ
ࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇᚋࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯್ࡀ᭷ពྥୖࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬
ࡲࡓ㸪ྛᅇ⟅⪅ࡢࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇ๓ᚋ࠾ࡅࡿ⮬
ᕫホ౯ࡢኚࡘ࠸࡚㸪ホ౯ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓᅇ⟅⪅ࡢྜ
㸪ኚࡉࡏ࡞ࡗࡓ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣపୗࡉࡏࡓᅇ⟅⪅ࡢྜ
ࢆYateࡢಟṇࡼࡿ2㡯᳨ᐃ࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡇࢁ㸪ࠕ⪃
࠼ᢤࡃຊࠖ(z= 2.22, p = .01)㸪ࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ(z=1.60, p =.054)㸪ࠕ๓㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖ(z =1.44, p =.07)ࡑࢀࡒࢀ
࠾࠸࡚㸪⮬ᕫホ౯ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓᅇ⟅⪅ࡢྜࡀ᭷ព
ከ࠸ࡑࡢഴྥ࠶ࡗࡓ㸬
ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ᐇᚋ㸪࠸ࡎࢀࡢ♫ேᇶ♏ຊ࠾࠸
࡚ࡶ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡢྥୖࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛㸪⥆࠸࡚㸪ಶࠎࡢ せ⣲⬟ຊࡢྥୖࡘ࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖
⾲1㸬♫ேᇶ♏ຊせ⣲ᑐࡍࡿ㉁ၥ㡯┠㸦ࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ㛵ࡍࡿࠕᰂ㌾ᛶࠖせ⣲ࡢ㉁ၥ㡯┠ࢆ㝖እ㸧
┠ 㻌 㻌 㡯 㻌 㻌 ၥ 㻌 㻌
㉁
⣲ 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 せ ຊ
♏ ᇶ
ே
♫
⮬ศࡀࡸࡿẼ࡞ࡿࡇࡣఱࠕࡗࡉࡢุ᩿࡛ࠖぢᴟࡵࠊ⮬Ⓨⓗྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
⮬ศ࡞ࡾᙉࡳᙅࡳࢆᢕᥱࡋᅔ㞴࡞㇟࣭ⴱ⸨࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⮬ಙࢆᣢࡗ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
┦ᡭࡢᮏ㡢ࡢពぢࢆᢳฟࡉࡏඹឤࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
࿘ᅖࡢேࢆືࡋ࡚┠ᶆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿពᚿࢆᣢࡗ࡚ാࡁࡅࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ኻᩋࢆᜍࢀࡎࡃࡸࡗ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࡍࡿᯝᩒࡉࢆᣢࡗ࡚ࠊྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬 ᅔ㞴࡞ⴱ⸨ࡽ㏨ࡆࡎྲྀ⤌ࡳ⥆ࡅࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ㄢ㢟Ⓨぢຊ ㇟ࡢ࣓࣮ࢪࢆⓗ☜ᮏ㉁ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
㇟ࡢㄢ㢟ࡸࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ᫂ࡽࡋ࡚ඃඛ㡰ࢆࡘࡅࠊᐇ⌧ᛶࡢ㧗࠸ィ⏬ࢆ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡿ㸬
ࡢែྜࢃࡏ࡚ᰂ㌾ィ⏬ಟṇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ከᵝ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ᡂຌ࣓࣮ࢪࢆᖖព㆑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽẼ࡙ࡁࡸࢹࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ࡸᐈほⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ➼ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ලయⓗศࡾࡸࡍࡃఏ࠼ࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬 ヰࡑ࠺ࡍࡿࡇࢆ⮬ศ࡞ࡾ༑ศ⌮ゎࡋ࡚ఏ࠼ࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ഴ⫈ຊ ෆᐜࡢ☜ㄆࡸ㉁ၥ➼ࢆ⾜࠸࡞ࡀࡽ┦ᡭࡢពぢࢆṇ☜⌮ゎࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ
࿘ᅖࡽᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⮬ศࡢᙺࢆᢕᥱࡋ࡚⾜ືࡍࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
࿘ᅖࡢேࡢἣ㓄៖ࡋ࡚Ⰻ࠸᪉ྥྥ࠺ࡼ࠺⾜ືฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
┦ᡭ㏞ᝨࢆࡅ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ᭱ప㝈Ᏺࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࣮࣭ࣝࣝ⣙᮰ࢆᏲࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬 つᚊࡸ♩ࡀ≉ồࡵࡽࢀࡿሙ㠃࡛ࡣ≧ἣࡼࡾ⮫ᶵᛂኚᑐᛂฟ᮶ࡿ㸬
ࢫࢺࣞࢫࡢཎᅉࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚⮬ຊ࡛ࡲࡓࡣேࡢຊࢆࡾ࡚࡛ࡶྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿ㸬 ࢫࢺࣞࢫࢆឤࡌࡿࡇࡣᙜ↛ࡢࡇ⪃࠼ࠊ㔜ࡃཷࡅṆࡵࡍࡂ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ฟ᮶࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ๓䛻㋃䜏ฟ䛩ຊ
⪃䛘ᢤ䛟ຊ
䝏䞊䝮䛷ാ䛟ຊ ἣᢕᥱຊ つᚊᛶ
䝇䝖䝺䝇䝁䞁䝖䝻䞊䝹ຊ
㐀ຊ
యᛶ
ാ䛝䛛䛡䜛ຊ
ᐇ⾜ຊ
ィ⏬ຊ
Ⓨಙຊ
ࡢഛ㡯┠ࡢ࡞࠸ཷㅮ⪅ 30 ྡࡢᅇ⟅⤖ᯝࢆ௨ୗࡢ᳨
࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ㛵ࡋ࡚ࠕἣᢕᥱຊࠖ(t =3.51, df =29, p
<.01)ࠕࢫࢺࣞࢫࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝຊࠖ(t =2.18, df =29, p
<.05)ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡀ᭷ពྥୖࡋ㸪ࠕഴ⫈ຊࠖࡶࡑࡢഴྥ
࠶ࡗࡓ(t =1.93, df = 29, p <.10)㸬
ࡲࡓ㸪せ⣲⬟ຊࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡢኚࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ࠕ๓
㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖ㛵ࡍࡿࠕయᛶࠖ(z =2.22, p =.01) ࠾
࠸࡚㸪⮬ᕫホ౯ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡓᅇ⟅⪅ࡢྜࡣ㸪⮬ᕫホ౯
ࢆኚࡉࡏ࡞ࡗࡓపୗࡉࡏࡓᅇ⟅⪅ࡢྜࡼࡾࡶ᭷
ពከࡃ㸪ࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ㛵ࡍࡿࠕἣᢕᥱຊࠖ(z
=1.53,p =.06) ࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠᵝࡢഴྥࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬
㸬⤖ᯝ࡞ࡽࡧ⪃ᐹ
ᐃ㔞ⓗศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࡼࡿືᶵࡅࡢ
ຠᯝࡋ࡚㸪ࢤ࣮࣒ᐇᚋ㸪ࠕ๓㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖ㸪ࠕ⪃࠼ᢤ ࡃຊࠖ㸪ࠕࢳ࣮࣒࡛ാࡃຊࠖ࠸࠺3ࡘࡢ♫ேᇶ♏ຊ
㛵ࡍࡿ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡍ࡚ࢆྥୖࡉࡏ㸪≉ࡑࢀࡽࡢ12ࡢ⬟
ຊせ⣲ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪ࠕయᛶࠖ㸪ࠕഴ⫈ຊࠖ㸪ࠕἣᢕᥱຊࠖ㸪ࠕࢫ ࢺࣞࢫࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝຊࠖࡢ4せ⣲࡛ࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࢆྥୖࡉ ࡏࡿຠᯝ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ㸬
ࡲࡓᐃᛶⓗศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪᪂つᴗࣅࢪࢿࢫࣉࣛࣥⓎ⾲
ࡼࡾ㸪ከᵝ࡞ேࠎࡶ㸪┠ᶆྥࡅ࡚༠ຊࡍࡿຊ ࡀⓎࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡉࡽࢳࣙࢫࢤ࣮࣒ࢆཷㅮࡋࡓᏛ⏕ࡢ Ṥࡀࠕ㠃ⓑ࠸ࠖࠕ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ពぢࡀ⪺ࡅࡓࠖࠕᮏ㡢࡛ヰ ࡏࡓࠖ➼㸪♫ேࡢ᪥ᖖᴗົ࡛㉳ࡇࡿၥ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪Ꮫ
⏕ࡢ࠺ࡕゐࢀࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪⮬ศ㐩࡞ࡾࡢᅇ⟅ࢆᚓࡽ
ࢀࡓࡇ⮬ಙࢆᣢࡘࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬Ꮫ⏕ࡣ⯆῝ࡃᴦ ࡋࡃ₇⩦ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⪅ࡢពぢࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚౯್ほࡢඹ
᭷ࡀᅗࢀࡓ㸬
ᅇࡣࣉࣟࢺࢱࣉࡋ࡚㸪ᑡேᩘࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㞟ィ
⤖ᯝ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᚋࡶㅮ⩏ࡀ⥆ࡃࡇࡽ㸪ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ
⥅⥆ⓗቑຍࡍࡿᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬ᵝࠎ࡞ᴗ✀࠾࠸࡚ຠ
ᯝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࡽ㸪♫ேࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡶゎᯒࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬
ㅰ㎡
ᮏ◊✲ࡢ㐙⾜㝿ࡋ㸪ከ࡞㈉⊩ࢆࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓ⸨᳃
ᶞྩ㏆⃝ᣅᕭྩឤㅰࡋࡓ࠸㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣ JSPS
⛉◊㈝26350442ࡢຓᡂࢆཷࡅࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍ㸬
ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
(1) ᇼὒ㐨┘ಟ㸪ྜྷ⏣ᐩ㞝⦅㸪ᚰ⌮ ᐃᑻᗘ㞟ϩ㸸ே
㛫♫ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࢆࡽ࠼ࡿ㸺ᑐே㛵ಀ࣭౯್ほ㸼㸪 ࢧ࢚ࣥࢫ♫㸪2001㸬
(2) ไస࣭ㄪᰝἙྜሿⴭ㸪⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬⦅㸪♫ேᇶ♏ຊ㸸
⫱ᡂࡢᡭᘬࡁ㸪ᮅ᪥᪂⪺ฟ∧㸪2010.
ᯝ㸪ࠕ๓㋃ࡳฟࡍຊࠖ㛵ࡋ࡚ࠕయᛶࠖࡢ⮬ᕫホ౯ࡀ
᭷ពྥୖࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ(t = 3.24, df = 29, p < .01)㸪ࠕࢳ࣮
