Science Journal of Kanagawa University17 : 39-42 (2006)
©Research Institute for Integrated Science, Kanagawa University
عේ ⪺ع 2004-2005
ᐕᐲᄹᎹᄢቇห⎇ⓥᅑബഥᚑ⺰ᢥ
㊀㊄ዻᳪᨴფ߆ࠄᳪᨴ‛⾰ࠍ࿁ߔࠆ㜞ᯏ⢻ⅣႺୃᓳᬀ‛ߩត⚝
(ࠤ࠽ࡈߦࠃࠆࠞ࠼ࡒ࠙ࡓ㒰ᨴߩน⢻ᕈ)
Ỉ⥶৻㇢
1Ⓑാ᳇
2ᄢ⍹ਇੑᄦ
2ੳ
1ᧄฝሶ
2㋈ᧁᒄ
1,3Possible Phytoremediation of Cadmium Pollution Soil with Kenaf
Koichiro Sawakami
1, Yuki Inazumi
2, Fujio Ohishi
2, Kazuhito Inoue
1, Yuko Nishimoto
2and Yoshihiro Suzuki
1,31 Department of Biological Sciences, and
2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kanagawa University, Hiratsuka-City, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: syoshi@bio.kanagawa-u.ac.jp
Abstract: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.), which can grow rapidly and maintain high primary production, was examined for its ability to decontaminate cadmium ions (Cd) from polluted soil. Although its germination and growth were not affected at first, its photosynthesis dependent growth was disturbed by Cd in the soil. No growth after expanding the true leaves was observed at above 111 ppm Cd. At 74.1 ppm Cd, kenaf could acclimate and began to grow after a few weeks lag. The biomass increased by 2.4 times from 4 to 6 weeks after sawing. Higher accumulation rates were observed in the plant body at below 74.1 ppm Cd. The rate increased to 6.4 times in the plant body at 1.48 ppm Cd. Assuming the same productions of kenaf as on the soil without Cd, it could decontaminate 1.48 ppm Cd from the polluted soil for ca. 16 years and could more efficiently from the soil containing lower concentrations of Cd. These results suggested the possible phytoremediation with kenaf applied to the polluted soil with lower concentrations of Cd.
Keywords: acclimation, cadmium, decontamination, kenaf, phytoremediation
ᐨ⺰
Ꮏ႐〔߿↥ᬺᑄ᫈‛ಣℂ႐ߥߤߩㄝߩࠍౣ
↪ߔࠆ㓙ޔၮḰ୯ࠍ߃ࠆ㊀㊄ዻ߿ើ⊒ᕈᯏൻ ว‛ߦࠃࠆᳪᨴ߇ߟ߆ࠆߎߣߪዋߥߊߥޕߎ߁ ߒߚࠍ㒰ᨴߒޔౣ߮↪น⢻ߦߔࠆߚߦߪޔ ᄙᄢߥࠦࠬ࠻߇ᔅⷐߢࠅޔᣣᧄ࿖ౝߛߌߢ߽ޔኻ
╷⾌↪ߪ13ళߦ㆐ߔࠆߣ⹜▚ߐࠇߡࠆ1)ޕ߹ߚޔ Ꮏᬺൻߩㅴࠎߛ⊒ዷㅜ࿖ߢ߽ფᳪᨴߪᷓೞߥ
㗴ߢࠅޔ㒰ᨴ⾌↪ࠍᜬߚߥߎࠇࠄㅜ࿖ߦߣߞ ߡޔૐࠦࠬ࠻ߩ㒰ᨴᛛⴚ߇ਇนᰳߥ߽ߩߣߥߞߡ
ࠆޕ
ㄭᐕޔૐࠦࠬ࠻ߩ㒰ᨴᛛⴚߣߒߡޔᓸ↢‛ࠍ↪
ࠆ㒰ᨴᣇᴺ㧔ࡃࠗࠝࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦ㧕߇ᵈ⋡ߐ ࠇߡࠆޕࡃࠗࠝࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦᴺߪޔᓸ↢‛
ࠍ↪ߡើ⊒ᕈᯏൻว‛ࠍಽ⸃ߔࠆ㒰ᨴᴺߢޔ࠲
ࡦࠞ߆ࠄߩᵹේᴤߩ㒰ᨴߥߤߦᵴ↪ߐࠇߡࠆޕ ߎߩᣇᴺߢ߽ޔ㊀㊄ዻൻว‛ࠍนṁൻࠆߪήᲥ
ൻߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢࠆ߇ޔర⚛⥄߇Ქᕈࠍᜬߟ
㊀㊄ዻࠍ࿁㒰ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ 2)ޕߎࠇߦ ኻߒޔ⛽▤᧤ᬀ‛ࠍ↪ޔర⚛⥄りࠍ࿁㒰ߒޔ ᳪᨴფߩ㒰ᨴࠍⴕ߁ᣇᴺ߇ࠆޕ⛽▤᧤ᬀ‛ߩ⫳
ᢔߦ߁᳓ߩᵹࠇࠍ↪ߒߡޔᳪᨴ‛⾰ࠍᬀ‛ౝ
ߦ࿁ߒޔᬀ‛ߣߣ߽ߦ㒰ߔࠆߎߣߢ㒰ᨴࠍⴕ ߁ߎߩᣇᴺߪޔࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦߣ߫
ࠇߡࠆޕ
ߎࠇ߹ߢߩࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦߢߪޔ㋶
ጊၞߦ․⇣⊛ߦಽᏓߒޔᳪᨴფߢ߽ᩱၭߢ߈ࠆ ߎߣ߇੍ಽ߆ߞߡࠆ㊀㊄ዻ⠴ᕈᬀ‛߇↪ࠄࠇ ߡ߈ߚޕߒ߆ߒޔߎ߁ߒߚ㊀㊄ዻ⠴ᕈᬀ‛ߩᄙߊߪޔ
↢㐳߇ㆃߊޔࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ߇ዊߐߚޔᄢ㊂ߩᳪᨴ
‛⾰ࠍല₸ࠃߊ࿁ߔࠆߎߣߪ㔍ߒ߆ߞߚޕߘߩᓟޔ ߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᬀ‛ߢᳪᨴფߦኻߔࠆ⠴ᕈ߇⹜㛎ߐࠇޔ
㊀㊄ዻ⠴ᕈᬀ‛એᄖߢ߽ޔ৻ቯߩỚᐲߩᳪᨴߦኻߒ
40 Science Journal of Kanagawa University Vol. 17, 2006
⠴ᕈ߇ࠅޔߒ߆߽↢㐳߇ㅦߊࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ߇ᄢ߈
ߚޔ㊀㊄ዻࠍലߦ࿁ߔࠆᬀ‛ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠅ3)ޔ ല₸ߩࠃ㒰ᨴ߇น⢻ߣߥࠅߟߟࠆޕᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ
↢㐳߇ㅦߊࡃࠗࠝࡑࠬ߇ᄢ߈߫߆ࠅߢߥߊޔ⫳ᢔ ㅦᐲ߇㜞ߊޔ⫳ᢔߦ߁᳓߿ფ߆ࠄߩ‛⾰⒖േ㊂ ߇ᄢ߈ߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆࠤ࠽ࡈ㧔Hibuscus cannabinus L.㧕ߦ⌕⋡ߒޔࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺ࠖࠛ
࡚ࠪࡦ߳ߩ↪ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚޕࠤ࠽ࡈߢߪޔㄘᬺၮḰ ୯㧔1 ppm㧕Ớᐲߩࠞ࠼ࡒ࠙ࡓ㧔Cd㧕㒰ᨴߦ৻ቯߩ ലᨐ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡࠆ 4)ޕᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔ᭽ޘߥỚᐲ ߩCd ᳪᨴფߢࠤ࠽ࡈࠍᩱၭߒޔᳪᨴფߦኻߔ ࠆᔕ╵ࠍࠄ߆ߦߒޔߐࠄߦޔߤߩࠃ߁ߥỚᐲߩCd ᳪᨴფߢല₸ࠃߊ㒰ᨴߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻߆ࠍቯ㊂⊛
ߦᬌ⸛ߒߚޕ
᧚ᢱߣᣇᴺ
㤥㧔㤥, ࠕࠗࠬࠝࡗࡑ㧕ޔ⿒₹㧔⾰⿒₹
ዊ☸, ࠕࠗࠬࠝࡗࡑ㧕ࠍ 1:1 ߩᲧ₸ߢᷙว ߒߚფࠍ↪ߚޕࡊࠬ࠴࠶ࠢኈེ㧔ౝᓘ380 260240 mm㧕ߦ20 l ߩᷙวფࠍḩߚߒޔ㧝ޔ 10ޔ100ޔ150ޔ300 mgl-1 ߩCdỚᐲߦߥࠆࠃ߁
⎫㉄ࠞ࠼ࡒ࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧࠍട߃ޔዪᚲ⊛ߥỚᐲߩᄌൻ ࠍߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅዋߥߊߔࠆࠃ߁චಽߦᠣᜈߒߚᓟޔᳪ ᨴფߣߒߡ↪ߚޕᳪᨴფߣCd ࠍᷙวߒߥ
ኻᾖფ㧔0 ppm㧕ߩฦ20 l ߦޔൻᚑ⢈ᢱ㧔㘺ᢱ
‛㈩ว246ภ, ో࿖ㄘᬺදห⚵วㅪวળ㧕ࠍ25 g ᷙ วߒޔᣉ⢈ߒߚޕฦኈེߦࠤ࠽ࡈ㧔H. cannabinus cv.
Evergrades41㧕ߩ⒳ሶࠍ30☸㧔10☸ߠߟ3㧕
⒳ߒޔ᳇᷷ 30͠ޔḨᐲ65㧑ࠍߜޔ㓁శࡦࡊߦ ࠃࠅ16ᤨ㑆ᦼ/8 ᤨ㑆ᥧᦼ㧔500Ǵmol photons㨯 m-2㨯s-1㧕ߩశ᧦ઙߦᓮߒߚੱᎿ᳇⽎ቶ㧔ዊ♻Ꮏᬺ
ᩣᑼળ␠㧕ౝߢᩱၭࠍⴕߞߚޕᩱၭᦼ㑆ਛߪలಽߥ ẑ᳓ࠍⴕޔფ߇ੇ῎ߒߥࠃ߁⇐ᗧߒߚޕ ⒳ 31 ᣣᓟޔฦ♽ߢᩱၭߐࠇߚߩ⊒⧘₸
ࠍ⺞ߴޔฦߩ⪲ߩᨎᢙࠍ᷹ቯߒߚᓟޔᬀ‛ࠍ
࿁ߒޔశวᚑེቭ㧔⪲㧕ޔᡰᜬེቭ㧔⪲ᨩ⨍ᩮ㧕ޔ ಽⵚེቭ㧔⨍㗂⣠⧘㧕ߦಽߌߚޕฦེቭࠍ⚕ⴼߦ
ࠇޔ60͠ߦ⸳ቯߒߚੇ῎ᯏ㧔DRYING OVEN, SANYO㧕ౝߢ2ㅳ㑆ੇ῎ߒޔੇ῎㊀㊂ࠍ᷹ቯߒߚޕ
ᬀ‛ਛߩ Cd Ớᐲࠍ᷹ቯߒޔ↢㐳ߦ߁ფ Cd ᚑಽߩᬀ‛߳ߩๆ⫾Ⓧࠍ⺞ߴߚޕੇ῎ߐߖߚ ࠤ࠽ࡈ⹜ᢱߪޔߘࠇߙࠇߩེቭߏߣߦ㔚േࡒ࡞ 㧔IFM - 100, IWATANI㧕ߦ߆ߌ⎕⎈ߒߚޕဋ৻ߥ
☳ᧃߣߥߞߚᬀ‛߆ࠄฦ1.0 gࠍᱜ⏕ߦ⒊㊂ߒߡ
࡞࠷ࡏߦ⒖ߒޔ㔚᳇Ἱ㧔1Cဳޔᨋ㔚Ꮏ㧕ਛޔ500͠ ߢἯൻߒߚޕἯൻߒߚ⹜ᢱߪޔ0.1 M⎣㉄ṁᶧ100 ml ਛߢ 30 ಽ㑆ᠣᜈߒޔ㊀㊄ዻࠍṁߐߖߚޕṁᶧࠍ ቯ㊂ỹ⚕㧔No.5BߣNo.5C, ADVANTEC㧕ߣࠪࡦ
ࠫࡈࠖ࡞࠲㧔No.190, ሹᓘ0.45 mm, NALGENE㧕 ߢỹㆊߒޔICP̄MSߣࡈࡓේሶๆశࠍ↪ߡಽ ᨆࠍⴕߞߚޕ
275 ml ߩࡐ࠶࠻ࠍ↪ߡᳪᨴფਛߢࠤ࠽ࡈࠍ
ᩱၭߒޔห᭽ߩታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚޕCdỚᐲ0ޔ50ޔ75ޔ 100 mgl-1ߩᷙวფࠍߘࠇߙࠇ200 mlࠇޔࠤ
࠽ࡈ⒳ሶࠍฦ3☸⒳ߒߚޕᶧ⢈ᢱ㧔ࡂࠗࡐࡀ࠶
ࠢࠬᶧ6-10-5, Hyponex␠㧕ߩ500Ꮧ㉼ᶧࠍਈ߃ ߡᩱၭߒޔሶ⪲ዷ㐿ᓟޔ↢⢒ߩ⦟1ᩣࠍᱷߒޔᱷ ࠅ2ᩣࠍ㑆ᒁߚޕ2ㅳ㑆Ფߦ㜞ߣߩ⨍⋥
ᓘࠍ᷹ቯߒޔ⨍ߩᒻ⁁ࠍ㍙ߦㄭૃߒߡޔ⨍Ⓧࠍ
᳞ޔ↢‛㊂ࠍផቯߒߚޕ
⚿ᨐߣ⸛⺰
ფߩኒᐲࠃࠅޔฦᳪᨴფߩ 1ޔ10ޔ100ޔ150ޔ 300mgl-1ߩCdỚᐲߪߘࠇߙࠇޔ1.48ޔ14.8ޔ148ޔ
222ޔ444 ppmߦ឵▚ߐࠇߚޕࠤ࠽ࡈ⒳ሶߪޔోߡ
ߩỚᐲߩᳪᨴფߢޔ⒳ᓟ2߆ࠄ3ᣣߢ⊒⧘ߒߚޕ
⒳ᓟ 31 ᣣ⋡ߩฦᳪᨴფߢ↢⢒ߒߡߚᬀ‛
ߣ⒳ߒߚ⒳ሶᢙࠍᲧセߒ⊒⧘₸ࠍ᳞ߚ⚿ᨐޔో
ߡߩფߢ80㧑એߣߥࠅޔCdߦࠃࠆࠤ࠽ࡈ⒳ሶ ߩ⊒⧘㒖ኂߪࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧔1㧕ޕ߹ߚޔ⊒⧘
ᓟޔሶ⪲߇ዷ㐿ߔࠆ߹ߢߪฦფߢࠤ࠽ࡈߩ↢㐳ߦ 㗼⪺ߥ㆑ߪࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ߇ޔߘߩᓟߩ↢㐳ߪޔ
ფߩ Cd Ớᐲߦࠃࠅ⇣ߥߞߡߚޕૐỚᐲߩ Cd ࠍფߢ߽↢㐳߇㒖ኂߐࠇޔߘߩ⒟ᐲߪCdỚ ᐲ߇㜞߶ߤ⪺ߒ߆ߞߚ㧔࿑1㧕ޕ148 ppm ࠍ߃ ࠆᳪᨴỚᐲߢߪޔᧄ⪲ߩዷ㐿߇ㆃࠇޔߘߩᓟޔ↢㐳 ߇⪺ߒߊ㒖ኂߐࠇߚޕߎߩߚޔ⒳ 31 ᣣ⋡ߩᤨ
ὐߢዷ㐿ߒߚ⪲ᨎᢙ߽Cd Ớᐲߩߣߣ߽ߦૐਅ ߒߚ㧔㧝㧕ޕ߹ߚޔኈེߚࠅߩోੇ῎㊀㊂߽ޔ 148 ppmએߩᳪᨴỚᐲߢߪޔCdࠍ߹ߥኻᾖ
ფߩ 10㧑ᧂḩߣߥߞߚ㧔࿑ 1㧕ޕౝ⬿ߔࠆ⾗Ḯࠍ
↪ߡ↢㐳ߔࠆሶ⪲ߩዷ㐿߹ߢߪᳪᨴߦࠃࠆᓇ㗀߇
ࠄࠇߕޔߘߩᓟߩ↢㐳ߢᏅ߇↢ߓߡࠆߎߣߪޔ Cd ߇ࠤ࠽ࡈߩశวᚑ৻ᰴ↢↥ࠍࠄ߆ߩᒻߢ㒖 ኂߒߡࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕ
ฦᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߒߚࠤ࠽ࡈߩੇ῎㊀㊂߆ࠄ
ㇱߣਅㇱᲧࠍ᳞ࠆߣޔCdỚᐲ߇0㨪14.8 ppm ߩᬀ‛ߢߪޔ6.0r0.33 ߢ߶߷৻ቯߢߞߚߩߦ ኻߒޔ148 ppmࠍ߃ࠆߣᓢޘߦૐਅߒޔ444 ppm ߩᬀ‛ߢߪ1.9߹ߢૐਅߒߚ㧔1㧕ޕCd ߪᩮߦ
⫾Ⓧߒ߿ߔ㊀㊄ዻߢࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆ 5)ޕ Cd ߦࠃࠅㇱߦᲧߴਅㇱߩഀว߇Ⴧടߒߚߎ ߣߪޔCd ߩᓇ㗀ࠍᒝߊฃߌޔ᭽ޘߥᵴᕈߩૐਅߔ ࠆਅㇱߩ↢‛㊂ࠍჇ߿ߒޔᓇ㗀ߩᲧセ⊛ዊߐ
ㇱߩᵴᕈߣࡃࡦࠬࠍߣࠆ㗅ൻ߇ⴕࠊࠇߚน⢻ᕈ ࠍ␜ໂߒߡࠆޕ৻ᣇޔ⪲ߣ⨍ߩᲧߪޔCdỚᐲߦ
Ỉ㧘Ⓑ ઁ: 㜞ᯏ⢻ⅣႺୃᓳᬀ‛ߦࠃࠆფ߆ࠄߩࠞ࠼ࡒ࠙ࡓߩ㒰ᨴ 41
㑐ࠊࠄߕ৻ቯ㧔1.2r0.06㧕ߢߞߚ㧔 1㧕ޕᬀ‛
ߢߒ߫ߒ߫ࠄࠇࠆᳪᨴ‛⾰ឃߦޔ⪲ߦ㓸Ⓧߒ ߚᳪᨴ‛⾰ࠍ⪲ߣߣ߽ߦᨗᱫ⣕⪭ߐߖࠆᣇᴺ߇ࠆ
5)ޕࠤ࠽ࡈߩ⪲ߣ⨍ߩᲧ߇Cdߦࠃࠅᄌൻߒߥߎߣ ߪޔ⪲ߩ⣕⪭ߦࠃࠆCd ߩឃ߇ࠤ࠽ࡈߢߪ㗼⪺ߢ ߥߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕ
275 ml ߩࡐ࠶࠻ࠍ↪ߡฦ㧝ߩࠤ࠽ࡈࠍᩱ
ၭߒߚޕߘࠇߙࠇߩࠤ࠽ࡈߩ㜞ߣߩ⨍⋥ᓘ ࠍ᷹ቯߒޔ㍙ߦㄭૃߒߡ᳞ߚ⨍Ⓧࠍ᳞ޔ㕖
⎕უ⊛ߦޔ⛮⛯ߒߡฦߩ↢‛㊂ࠍផቯߒߚޕߎ ߩ⚿ᨐࠍ߽ߣߦ↢㐳⸃ᨆࠍⴕߥߞߚޕCd ࠍ߹ߥ
ኻᾖფߢߪޔᧄ⪲ߩዷ㐿߇ᆎ߹ࠆ⒳2ㅳ㑆ᓟ ࠃࠅޔࠤ࠽ࡈߩ⨍Ⓧ߇ኻᢙ㑐ᢙ⊛ߦჇടߒߚ㧔࿑
2㧕ޕߎࠇߦኻߒߡޔCd ࠍფߢߪޔᧄ⪲ߩዷ 㐿߇ㆃᑧߒޔዷ㐿ᓟ߽⨍ⓍߩჇടߪ4ㅳ㑆⋡߹ߢ
ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚޕߘߩᓟޔ148 ppm Cdფߢߪ
Ⓧߩૐਅ߇ᆎ߹ࠅޔᦨ⚳⊛ߦᨗᱫߒߚޕߘࠇࠃࠅ CdỚᐲߩૐ111 ppmߢ߽ޔታ㛎ᦼ㑆ਛߩⓍߩ Ⴧടߪࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚޕߒ߆ߒޔߐࠄߦCd Ớᐲ ߩૐ74.1 ppm Cdფߢߪޔ4ㅳ㑆⋡߆ࠄ↢㐳ࠍ
ౣ㐿ߒޔ6ㅳ㑆⋡ߦߪ4ㅳ㑆⋡ߩⓍߩ2.4ߣߥߞ ߚޕߎࠇࠄߩ⚿ᨐߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈߩCd ⠴ᕈߩ㒢⇇߇ޔ 74.1㨪148 ppm ߩ㑆ߩᭂߡ㜞CdỚᐲߦࠆߎ ߣࠍ␜ߒߡࠆޕ߹ߚޔ74.1 ppm Cdფߢࠄ ࠇߚ↢㐳ߩ৻ᤨ⊛ߥᱛߪޔ㜞Ớᐲ㋦ᳪᨴფߢߩ ࠤ࠽ࡈߩ↢㐳ߦ߽ࠄࠇߚ⽎ߢࠆ 6)ޕ㜞Ớᐲ ߩ㊀㊄ዻߦᳪᨴߐࠇߚფߢᩱၭߐࠇߚࠤ࠽ࡈߦ
ࠄࠇࠆޔߎߩࠃ߁ߥ↢㐳ߩ৻ᤨ⊛ߥᱛߣౣ㐿ᓟ ߩ↢㐳߆ࠄߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈ߇㊀㊄ዻᳪᨴფߢ↢㐳ߔࠆ ߚߩ⠴ᕈࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆߚߦޔ৻ቯߩᤨ㑆ࠍᔅⷐߣ ߔࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆޕߎߩ㑆ޔ⠴ᕈߩ₪ᓧߦ㑐ਈߔࠆ ㆮવሶߩ⊒ߥߤޔࠄ߆ߩ㗅ൻᔕ╵ࠍⴕߥߞߡ
ࠆߎߣ߇ᒝߊ␜ໂߐࠇߚޕ
᭽ޘߥCdỚᐲߩᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߒߚࠤ࠽ࡈߩ
ㇱੇ῎㊀㊂ߚࠅߩCd ỚᐲߪޔფߩCd Ớᐲ ߣߣ߽ߦߒޔ222 ppm Cdᳪᨴფߩᬀ‛ߢ
ߪ440 ppmߦ㆐ߒߚޕߒ߆ߒޔᩱၭታ㛎ߢᦨ⚳⊛ߦ
ᨗᱫߒߚ 444 ppm Cd ᳪᨴფߩᬀ‛ߢߪ 290 ppmߩCdߒ߆ᬌߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ㧔࿑3㧕ޕ444 ppm ᳪᨴფߩᬀ‛એᄖߢߪޔფਛߩCd Ớᐲࠃࠅ
߽ᬀ‛ਛߩ CdỚᐲߩᣇ߇㜞୯ࠍ␜ߒޔࠤ࠽ࡈ ߦࠃࠅ Cd߇Ớ❗ߐࠇߚࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚޕᬀ‛
ߩ CdỚᐲߣფਛߩCd Ớᐲ߆ࠄỚ❗₸ࠍ᳞ࠆ ߣޔᬀ‛ਛߦᦨ߽㜞Ớᐲߩ Cd߇ࠄࠇߚ 222
ppm Cdᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߐࠇߚᬀ‛ߢ2ߣߥߞ
ߚޕ148 ppm Cdᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߐࠇߚᬀ‛ߢ߽
Ớ❗₸ߪ2ߣߥߞߚ߇ޔ14.8 ppm Cdᳪᨴფߢ
ᩱၭߐࠇߚᬀ‛ߢ 3 ࠍ߃ࠆỚ❗₸ࠍ␜ߒޔ 1.48 ppm Cdᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߐࠇߚᬀ‛ߢߪޔ6
ࠍ߃ࠆ㜞Ớ❗₸ࠍ␜ߒߚ㧔࿑3㧕ޕߎࠇࠄߩ⚿
ᨐߪޔფਛߩCd Ớᐲ߇ૐფߢᩱၭߒߚᬀ‛
ਛߢߪ CdỚᐲߪૐ߇ޔფ߆ࠄߩỚ❗₸ߪ㜞 ߊߥࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡߚޕᧄታ㛎ߢߪᩱၭᓟޔ⚂1ࡩ
ߢಿࠅขࠅࠍⴕߞߚߚޔᬀ‛ߩ↢‛㊂ߪ㕖Ᏹ ߦዊߐߊޔታ㓙ߦფ߆ࠄ㒰ߐࠇߚ Cd ㊂ߪዋߥ ߆ߞߚޕߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄޔ᧲੩ㄭ㇠ߦ߅ߡᄐቄߦ
႐ߢࠤ࠽ࡈࠍᩱၭߔࠆ႐วߦߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈ߇㜞৻ᰴ
↢↥ࠍ␜ߒޔඨᐕ㑆ߢޔ⚂2 kgm-2㆐ߔࠆߎߣ߇
⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆ 7)ޕߎߩࠃ߁ߥࠤ࠽ࡈߩ㜞৻ᰴ↢↥
㊂ࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣޔᧄ⎇ⓥߢ␜ߐࠇߚࠤ࠽ࡈߦࠃࠆ
ფਛߩCdߩỚ❗⢻ജߦࠃࠅޔ1.48 ppmߩCdᳪᨴ
ფߢ18.8 mg㨯m-2ޔ14.8 ppmߩCdᳪᨴფߢ98 mg㨯m-2ߩCd߇1࿁ߩᩱၭߢ࿁ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇ផቯ ߢ߈ࠆޕ1.48 ppmߩCdᳪᨴფߩᲧ㊀ࠍ0.7ߣߔ ࠆߣޔ߆ࠄ30 cmߩფߦߪ⚂310 mgߩCd ࠍޕߎߩ⚿ᨐߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈࠍ↪ߡფ߆ࠄ Cd 㒰ߔࠆߚߦޔ16ᐕએߩᤨ㑆ࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆߎߣ
߽␜ߒߡߚޕ
1. ᭽ޘߥỚᐲߩCdࠍფߢ31ᣣ㑆ᩱၭߒߚࠤ
࠽ࡈߩ⊒⧘₸ޔ⪲ᢙޔోੇ῎㊀㊂ߣੇ῎㊀㊂ߩᲧ CdỚᐲ㧔ppm㧕 0 1.48 14.8 148 222 444
⊒⧘₸(%) 90.0 93.3 80.0 80.0 80.0 80.0
⪲ᨎᢙ 9.89 9.13 5.96 4.29 2.54 㧙
ోੇ῎㊀㊂(g) 31.1 28.4 24.4 2.51 1.27 0.93
ㇱ/ਅㇱ 6.03 5.69 6.36 4.46 2.53 1.91
⪲/⨍ 1.25 1.16 1.15 1.25 1.23 1.13
㪇 㪈㪅㪋㪏 㪈㪋㪅㪏 㪈㪋㪏 㪉㪉㪉 㪋㪋㪋 㪌
㪇 㪌 㪈㪇 㪈㪌 㪉㪇 㪉㪌 㪊㪇
ფ㪚㪻Ớᐲ䇭㩿㫇㫇㫄㪀
ੇ῎㊀㊂䇭㩿㪾㪀
ㇱ
ਅㇱ
࿑1. ᭽ޘߥỚᐲߩCdࠍᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߒߚࠤ
࠽ࡈฦེቭߩੇ῎㊀㊂. ⒳ᓟ31 ᣣ⋡ߩᬀ‛ࠍታ 㛎ಽᲤߦోߡ㓸, ಽⵚེቭ(᷆Ἧ),శวᚑེቭ (⊕), ᡰᜬེቭ(ㇱ:ỚἯ, ਅㇱ:㤥)ߦಽߌ, ⚕ⴼ ਛ, 60͠ߢ2ㅳ㑆ੇ῎ߐߖ᷹ቯߒߚ.
42 Science Journal of Kanagawa University Vol. 17, 2006
ᬀ‛ࠍ㜞Ớᐲ㧔30 ppm㧕ߩCdᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߒ ߚ႐วޔỚ❗₸ߪ100㧑೨ᓟ߆ߘࠇએਅߣߥࠆߎߣ ߆ࠄޔߎࠇ߹ߢߩ⎇ⓥߢߪޔࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺ࠖࠛ
࡚ࠪࡦࠍCdߩ㒰ᨴߦ↪ࠆߎߣߪ㔍ߒߣ⠨߃ࠄ ࠇߡߚ8)ޕߒ߆ߒޔᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈ߇ᭂߡ 㜞ᳪᨴ⁁ᘒߦࠆ 74.1㨪148 ppm ߩ㑆ߦ↢㐳ߩ
⠴ᕈ㒢⇇ࠍᜬߜޔ222 ppmߩCdᳪᨴფߢ߽Cd ࠍỚ❗ߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߿ޔ14.8 ppmߩCdᳪᨴფߢߪޔ 㜞৻ᰴ↢↥ߔࠄ⛽ᜬߢ߈ࠆߎߣߥߤޔCd 㒰ᨴߦ ߣߞߡߎࠇ߹ߢߦ⺞ߴࠄࠇߚᬀ‛ߦߥᅢㆡߥ․ᕈ ࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚޕߒ߆ߒޔᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ ߪޔ㜞Ớ❗₸ࠍ␜ߒޔ৻ᰴ↢↥߇⛽ᜬߐࠇࠆ1.48 ppmޔ14.8 ppmߩCdᳪᨴფߢ߽ޔࠤ࠽ࡈߦࠃࠆ Cdߩ㒰ᨴߦߪ16ᐕએߩᤨ㑆߇Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇߚޕ
ფ߆ࠄߩᳪᨴ‛⾰ߩ࿁ߪޔ࿁ߔࠆᬀ‛ߩ↢‛
㊂ߣߣ߽ߦޔ↢‛߳ߩᳪᨴ‛⾰ߩỚ❗߇߈ࠊߡ
㊀ⷐߢࠆޕࠤ࠽ࡈએߩ৻ᰴ↢↥ࠍⴕޔᬀ‛
ߩ↢‛㊂߇ᄢ߈ߊߥࠆᬀ‛߇ዋߥޕߎߩߚޔࡈࠔ
ࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦࠍࠃࠅല₸⊛ߦⴕ߁ߦߪޔ
ᬀ‛ߦ㜞Ớ❗₸ߢCd ࠍ࿁ߔࠆߎߣ߇ਇนᰳ
ߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕૐỚᐲ߶ߤ㜞Ớ❗₸ߢ Cd ࠍ࿁ߔࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߚᧄ⎇ⓥߩ⚿ᨐ㧔࿑ 3㧕ߪޔ
1.48 ppm એਅߩૐỚᐲߢᳪᨴߐࠇߚფߢޔࠤ
࠽ࡈ߇㜞Ớ❗₸ߢCdࠍ࿁ߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍ␜ໂߒߡ
ࠆޕ
ૐỚᐲᳪᨴფߢߩࠤ࠽ࡈߩCdỚ❗₸ޔߐࠄߦޔ ᧄታ㛎ߢⴕߥࠊࠇߥ߆ߞߚࠤ࠽ࡈਅㇱߩ Cd Ớ
❗࿁․ᕈޔઁຠ⒳ߩ․ᕈߩᬌ⸽ߥߤޔᓟࠄ ߆ߦߔߴ߈ὐߪᄙޕߒ߆ߒޔᧄ⎇ⓥߪޔࠤ࠽ࡈࠍ
↪ߚࡈࠔࠗ࠻ࡔ࠺࡚ࠖࠛࠪࡦ߇ޔૐỚᐲᳪᨴ
ფ߆ࠄߩቢోߥCd㒰ߦലߢࠆߎߣࠍቯ㊂
⊛ߦ߈ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ߽ߩߢࠆޕ
⻢ㄉ
ᧄ⎇ⓥߪޔ2005ᐕᐲ ᄹᎹᄢቇห⎇ⓥᅑബ㊄ߦ ࠃࠆᡰេࠍฃߌߡታᣉߐࠇߚޕ
ᧄ⎇ⓥࠍㅴࠆߦߚࠅޔᄙᄢߥࠆߏදജࠍ⾦ߞߚ
ࠬࡒࠦࡦ࡞࠹࠶ࠢᩣᑼળ␠ߩੑ㆐᳁ޔ㊍㊁ᓼ
ᄹᎹᄢቇฬᢎߦᷓߊᗵ⻢↳ߒߍࠆޕ
ᢥ₂
1) ფⅣႺࡦ࠲✬ (2000) ᚒ߇࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆფᳪ ᨴኻ╷⾌↪ߩផቯ̆ფᳪᨴኻ╷⾌↪ߩផቯ̆̆
ფᳪᨴᵺൻ⾌↪ߩផቯ̆. (␠) ფⅣႺࡦ࠲. 2) ᄢବ㓶 (2000) ㊀㊄ዻᳪᨴߩᓸ↢‛㒰, ╙8 ┨.
ⅣႺᓸ↢‛ቇ ⅣႺࡃࠗࠝ࠹ࠢࡁࡠࠫ. (ᩣ)ᤘᤩၴ. pp. 106-116.
3) Scheper T (2003) Phytoremediation of heavy met- als from soils. In: Phytoremediation, Advance S in Biochemical Engineering Biotechnology. Springer- Verlag, Berlin. pp. 98-123.
4) Kurihara H, Watanabe M and Hayakawa T. (2005) Phytoremediation with Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) for Cadmium-Contaminated Paddy Field in Southwest Area of Japan. Jpn. J. Soil. Sci. Plant Nutr. 76: 27-34.
5) Fitter AH and Hay RKM (1987) Ionic toxicity. In:
Environmental Physiology of Plants, 2nd ed.
Academic Press Inc, San Diego. pp.225-259 6) Sawakami K, Ohishi F, Kurosawa S and Suzuki Y
(2005) Acclimations of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) to Pb in a Polluted Soil. Sci. J. Kanagawa Univ.
16: 63-66.
7) ㋈ ᧁ ᒄ, ㊍ ㊁ ᓼ , ㋈ ᧁ (2001) ࠤ ࠽ ࡈ (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) 12ຠ⒳ߩ৻ᰴ↢↥ㅦᐲߩ ቄ▵ᄌൻߣᐕ㑆৻ᰴ↢↥ߩ㆑. ᄹᎹᄢቇℂቇㇱ
✚วℂቇ⎇ⓥᚲᐕႎ2000.12: 67-89.
8) ⥪Ꮉᵗ (1975) ᬀ‛ࠍ↪ߒߚფਛߩࠞ࠼ࡒ࠙ࡓ
ߩ㒰ᨴᣇᴺ. ㄘᬺᧁቇળ.43: 674-681.
࿑ 2. ⨍Ⓧ߆ࠄ᳞ߚࠤ࠽ࡈߩ↢㐳ߦኻߔࠆფ Cdߩᓇ㗀. CdỚᐲ0 ppm (٨), 74.1 ppm (ع), 111 ppm (ً) 148 ppm (ٕ) ߩფߢࠤ࠽ࡈࠍᩱၭߒ, 2ㅳ 㑆Ფߦ㜞ߣၮㇱ⨍⋥ᓘࠍ᷹ቯߒ, ㍙ߦㄭૃߒߡ
⨍Ⓧࠍ᳞ߚ.
㪇 㪈 㪉 㪊 㪋 㪌 㪍 㪎
㪇 㪇㪅㪈 㪇㪅㪉 㪇㪅㪊 㪇㪅㪋 㪇㪅㪌 㪇㪅㪍
ᩱၭᤨ㑆㩷㩿ㅳ㑆㪀
⨍Ⓧ㩷㩿㪺㫄㪊㪀
㪇㩷㫇㫇㫄
㪎㪋㪅㪈㩷㫇㫇㫄
㪈㪈㪈㩷㫇㫇㫄 㪈㪋㪏㩷㫇㫇㫄
࿑3. ᭽ޘߥỚᐲߩCdᳪᨴფߢᩱၭߒߚࠤ࠽ࡈਛ ߩCd ỚᐲߣỚ❗₸. Ἧߪᬀ‛ਛߩ Cd Ớᐲࠍ, 㤥ਣߪỚ❗₸ࠍ␜ߔ.
㪇 㪈㪅㪋㪏 㪈㪋㪅㪏 㪈㪋㪏 㪉㪉㪉 㪋㪋㪋 㪇
㪈㪇㪇 㪉㪇㪇 㪊㪇㪇 㪋㪇㪇 㪌㪇㪇
ფ㪚㪻Ớᐲ㩷㩿㫇㫇㫄㪀
ᬀ‛ਛ㪚㪻Ớᐲ㩷㩿㫇㫇㫄㪀
㪇 㪈㪇㪇 㪉㪇㪇 㪊㪇㪇 㪋㪇㪇 㪌㪇㪇 㪍㪇㪇 㪎㪇㪇
Ớ❗₸㩷㩿䋦䋩
