IRUCAA@TDC : Influence of different acid conditioners on the tensile bond strength of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin to Er:YAG laser-irradiated bovine dentin

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(1)Title. Author(s) Alternative Journal URL. Influence of different acid conditioners on the tensile bond strength of 4-META/MMA-TBB resin to Er:YAG laser-irradiated bovine dentin Kameyama, A; Kawada, E; Takizawa, M; Oda, Y; Hirai, Y Journal of adhesive dentistry, 2(4): 297-304 http://hdl.handle.net/10130/853. Right. Posted at the Institutional Resources for Unique Collection and Academic Archives at Tokyo Dental College, Available from http://ir.tdc.ac.jp/.

(2) l nf l uenceofDi f f er entAci dCondi t i oner s ont heTensHeBondSt r engt hof 4Ni ETA/MMAI TBBResi nt oEr : YAGLaser 1 r r adi at edBovi neDent i n AtsushiKam eyam aa/Ei jiKawadab /M asakazu Taki zawaC / Yutaka Odad/Yoshi to Hi r ai e. Pur pose:Thi ss t udyev al uat edt heef f ec tofaci dc ondi t i oner sonr esi nbondi ngt odent i nf ol l owi ngi r r adi at i onwi t hanEr : Y AGl aserandi nv es t i gat edt hechar ac t er i s t i c sofr esi nbondi ngt ot he一 aser t r eat eddent i n. Nl at er i al sandMet hods:Ex t r ac t edbovi net eet hwer ec er vi c al l ysec t i onedt oexposeadent i nsur f ace. Af t erpol i shi ng, t heden t i nwasi r r adi at edwi t hanEr : YAGl aser .Aqueoussol ut i onsoflO%Ci t r i caci d( 101 0) orlO% Ci t r l Caci d /3%f er r i cchl or i de( 103)wer et henapp一 i edt ot hel aser t r eat edsur f ac easaci dc ondi t i oner s.Af t ert heaci dt r eat men t ,aPMMAr odwasbondedt ot hei r r adi at edden t i nusi ng41 ME T A/MMATBBr esi n,andmi ni at ur i z eddumbbel l Shapedbondedspeci menswer epr epar ed.Thesespeci menswer e sub j ec t edt ot ensi 一 et es t i ng,andf r ac t ur edsur f aceswer eobser vedwi t hf i el demi ssi onsc anni nge一 ec t r on mi cr oscopy( FE I SEM)t odet er ml net hemodeoff r ac t ur e.Addi t i onal l y ,t her esi ndent i ni n t er f aceswer eob ser v edunderFESEM. F t esuI t s:Thet ensi l ebonds t r eng t hofacl dcondi t i onedbondedspecl menSWasl owert hant hatofspeci mensnotsub j ec t edt oaci dt r eat men t( ll. 1MPa)i nt hel aser i r r adl at edgr oup,Nosl gni f i can tdi f f er ence wasobser v edbe t ween100andlOl 3t r eat ment s.103t r eat mentyi el dedt hehi ghes tbonds t r eng t h( 24. 6 MPa)i nt henoni r r adi at edgr oup,asopposedt oonl y77 MPai nt heL aser t r eat edgr oup.CohesI V ef al l ur ei n t heden t i nwasobser vedi na一 mos taHspeci mensi nt hei r r adi at edgr oup.Fur t her mor e, a10t o30L J mt hi ck r esi npene t r at edL ay erwasobser vedatt hei nt er f ac ebe t weent hedent i nandr esi n. Concl usi on:Theser esul t ssugges tt hatt heef f ec tofacl dc ondi t i oner sonr esi nbondl ngt oden t i ndl f f er s ac cor di ngt owhet hert heden t i nhasbeenl aseri r r adi at edornot . JAdhesi v eDent2000, ' 2. ' 297 304.. SUbmi t t edf orpub/ i c at i on:1 6. 06. 00, ' acc ept edf orpubl i c at i on: 05. 09. 00.. a Gr aduat eSt udent ,TheThi r dDepar t mento fConser v at i v eDent I ' st r y ,T ok yoDent alCol l ege,Chi ba, J apan. b. AssocI ' at ePr of essor ,Depar t mento fDent alMat er i al sSci ence, T ok yoDent alCol l e ge,Chi ba,J apan.. cAs si st antPr of essor ,T heThi r dDepar t mento fConsewat I ' v eDent i st r y ,T ok yoDent a/Col l e ge,Chi ba,J apan. d. Pr of es sorandChai r man,Depar t mento fDent alMat er i al sSci ence, T ok yoDent alCol l ege,Chi ba′J apan,. e Pr of essorandChai rma n,TheT hi r dDepar t mento fConsewat / ' v e. Dent I st r y ,T ok yoDent alCol l e ge,Chi ba, J apan.. Repr l ntr equest s:Dr .At sushiKame yama,TheT hi r dDepar t mento f Conser v at I ' v eDent i st r y,T okyoDent alCol l ege,Chi ba2618502, Japan.T el :+ 811 432703958,Fax:+81431 2701 3959.ema/ ' I : k ame yama@t dc. ac. J P. Vo1 2,No4,2000･. i Es. ver nce Mai m an' sear l ywor kwi thl aseri r r adi ati on i n 1960, 13sever alt ypes ofl aser s have beencl i ni cal l yappl i edi ndent i str y,pr l mar i l yf ort he r emova一ofcar i es. 2However ,t heheatgener at ed by. somet ypesofl aser sdamaged the pul pwhi l er emovi ng car i es.The Er : YAG l aserwasdevel oped by Zhar i koveta1 25i n 1975,and wasf i r sti ntr oduced t odent i st r yh 11988asbei ngabl et or emovedent al ti ssue wi t h mi ni malther maldamage. 5･ 1 0Mor er ecent l y,manyr epor t shavedi scussedt hecl i ni calappl l Cat i onsoftheEr : YAG l aser･ 9･ 22Seki neetaL 20and Taki zawa21appl i edt heEr : YAG 一 aseri ncavi t ypr epar at i on,and r epor t edt hatpul pal J damagewassi mi l art ot hatpr oduced byai rt ur bi nehandpi eces.The cavi t i es pr epar ed byEr : YAG l aserar egener al l yr e297.

(3) Kame y amae tal TabI el Acj dcondi t i oner su s ed C o n d i t i o n e r. C o d e. p H. T r e a t me n t. 1 0%C i t r i ca c i d 1 0%C i t r i ca c i d / 3 %f e r r i cc h l o r i d e 37%p h o s p h o r i ca c i d 6 5%p h o s p h o r i ca c i d. 1 0D 1 0 3 37 P A 6. 1 . 5 3 0. 5 3 0. 0 8. 1 5S1 5S 1 5, 6 0S. st or edusi ngr esi ncomposi t e 5P A r oughsur f aceofl aser i r r adi at mat er i al s,andt he ot hat r epor t edt ohav eanef f ec tsi mi e l de art n ame lhasbeen t ag B . l e l gi nni ngwi t ht hedescr i p t i on ofar esi n f or medatt hei n t er f aceofdent ofah ybr i dl ay er r esi n, 1 5muchr esear chhasbeei nandt hebondi ng bondi ngpr oper t i esofh ybr i di z ed nconduc t edont he n,havedev el opeden f ac t ur er s,i nt ur t i n,andmanui ngsy s t ems.Not abl y ,af t erbei n dmanyr esi nbondt heaqueoussol ut i onoflO% Ci gc t ondi t i onedwi t h chl or i de( 103) ,t hedent i nexhir i caci d/3% f er r i c s t r engt hwheni nf i l t r at edwi t h bi t sahi gherbond h ed e mi n e r a l i z e t heypr ev en tco‖ apseands t i f f e mo nt n o me r s, b e c a u sd e den F t t e i n s a i nb lma ot n r d i x i n . 1 gt 6 oEr : YAG l aser hasof t enbeenst udi ed.Howevi r r adi at eddent i n ,opl ni onsvar y andr easonsf ordi scr epantr e er , beensuf f i ci en t l yel uci dat ed･Vi ss uu rl t shavenotyet t hatt hebonds t r engt hwashi gheietaI 2 4r epor t ed noni r r adi at eddent i n,Ar mengol rt hant hatoft he etaL 8f oundnosi gni f i cantdi f f er e e tal 3andKat aumi at eddent i n.Sakaki bar aet ncest ononi r r adi -. t i me. 0. 8 8 1 5, 6 0S t hi ss t udy .Wesett heou t putener pr obewasusedi n perpu一 seatt hepr obe' send,an gyl eve】at100mJ persecond( pps)underwat ers da p pp= ed10pul ses wer emeasur edondemand r ay .Ener gyl evel s ent ,CA,US A) . ( L ase｢ mat eP ,Coher wi t hapowermet er. Ac Thea c i dc o n d i t i o ner susedar e i dC o ndl ' t i o n e r s Aqueoussol u t 1 0nSOflO%Ci t r i cac si howni nT abl e1. r i caci d/3% f er r i cchl or i de( d( 100) ,10%ci t phosphor i caci d( 37P Aand65 1 P 0 A , 3) ,37% and65% used.100and103wer eapp= r espec t i vel y )wer e l aser i r r adi at edorunl asedbovi nedf or15st ot he 65P Awer eappl i edf or15sand eden t i n.37P Aand t r eat edbovi neden t i n.l nt hel ase6 r0st ot hel aser t hebondedspeci menst hatdi i r r adi at edgr oup, t r eat mentwer eal dnotr ecei veaci d. e dD u mbbel l ･ Shaped soi nv er s t i g a t ed . Pr epar at l ' onofMi ni a t u i z. s t r eng t ht obe一 owert hant hata t1 1 9r epor t ed bond notbeenl asert r eat ed.Fur t her od m ent i nwhi chhad agr eementont heef f ec tofac or e,t her ei sdi s r esi nbondi ngt ot hel aser i r r adi ai dcondi t i oner son Thepur poseoft hecur r en ts t u t eddent i n. 8･ 1 9･ 2 4 t heef f ec tofdi f f er entaci dcondi dywast oev al uat e hesi onof4MET A/MMATBBr esi t i oner sont headwhi chhadbeeni r r adi at edb yt he nt obovi nedent i n t oi nv es t i gat et hechar ac t er i s t i c soEr : YAG L aser ,and t he一 as fr esi nbondi ngt o. Ei g hd t ye x t r a c t e db o vi net eet h,s B o n edS p e c i me n s t hawedandt hencr osssec t i oned t or edf r oz en,Wer e cor onalaspectoft hecuts att hecer vi x.The underas t r eam ofwat erwi t hi ur n f c acewasabr aded. Hr O( D SMor A Th p eL r ot a o s t e yr peEr : YAG l ase J. J m emi t t i ngawavel engt hof2. 94 L i t a,Ky ot o,J apan). paper( gr i tr ange:180t o600)ir easi ngl yf i neSi c f l atdent i nsur f aces,whi chwer et no hr dert opr epar e di at edwi t ht heEr : YAGl aser .Eac enuni f or ml yI r r adi ti onedwi t h40 L J Lofaci hsur f acewasconsampl eswer er i nsedanddr i edf do condi ti oner .The t i onedden t i nsur f aceswer et r30S.Thecondi squar er ods( 8. 0x8. 0x8. 0henbondedt oPMMA MMATBB r esi n( SuperBondmm)usi ng4MET A/ Mor i y ama,｣ apan)ast headhesi , C&B,SunMedi cal wer eal l owedt os t andatr oom v es y s t em.Sampl es mi nandt hens t or edi n370 Cwa t t emper at ur ef or60 c t edt eet hwer et henser i al l yseerf or24h.Bond-. 298. T h e J o u m al o f i onedver t l Cal l y wi t ha600日mdi amet er c o n t a c t. T MATER eI r A t r L e SA at e N dd DME ent i n.. andequi pped.

(4) Kame y amae tal Tabl e2 Ef f ectofcondi t i oneront ensi l ebondst r engt hof l aser i r r adi at edandnoni r r adi at eddent i n( r V I Pa) L a s eri r r a di a t e d. n oni r r a di a t e d. 0nl ト 0 n er. Me an±SD. F ai l u r emo d e. Me an±SD F ai l ur e. 1 0 3 1 00 37P A Not r e a t me n t. 7 . 7±2. 6a 5. 5±1 . 88 . d 5. 6±2. 4a , d ll. 1±2. 3. B, D B, D B, D. 24. 6±6. mo de 4. 3 OC R , A 3.±1. 8d A 3±2. Od A. bi B n-8;t h eb o n d e ds p e c i me n sw e r es o a k e d nwa t e r a , t D 3 7 , 0 R NT ( Me a nV a l u e sd e s i g n a t e dwi t ht h es a mes u p e r s c r i p t l e t t e r a C r e f o n r o l t s d t a a y t . i s t i c a l l yd i f f e r e n t r B : B o u n d a r yf a i l u r eb e t we e nh y b r i d i z e dd e n t i na n du n d e R e : C o h e s i V ef a ‖ u. p>0. 05. ) .. l y i n gd e n t i n. A: A d h e s i v ef a i l u r e b e t w e e n r e s i n a n d ｢ e i n c u r e d ｢ e s i n. usi nga l owspeed di amondsaw u n d e r L y i n gd e n t i n l somet ,Buehl er Lake Bl uf f ,l L,USA)t o make2. ( , wer e pl acedonal umi num SEMr act ur edsur f aces dent i nsl abs.Thesel ect edsl ab 0mmt hi ckbonded menswer eAuPdcoat edwi t haCo st ubs.Thespeci 一 dumbbeH shapedt estspeci men wast r i mmedt oa cr osssect i onsatt headhesi vei nt wi er t h3. 0x2. 0 mm. ( SC500A,VG Mi cr ot ech,EastSusolSput t erCoat er ser vedunderaf i el demi ssi onscan sex,UK) ,andob-. ace2 usi amond poi nt( FG #211 Regul f ngadi Japan)oper at ed i na hi ghspeed ar ,Shofu,Kyot o, pl eCeWi t hcop1 0uSa ai rt ur bi ne hand-. cr oscope( FESEM:｣ SM6340F ,｣Eni ngel ect r onmi t odet er mi net OL,Tokyo,J apan). トWat erSPr ay. T ensi l eBondSt r ei Thespeci menswer ea f f i xedwi n gt hMe asur ement r esl nt Oadi sposabl e PMMAj t i g h41 META/MMAI TBB bl edspeci menswer ei npl ace,t e . n Oncet heassempl i edatacr ossheadspeedof si l el oadwasapuni ver salt est i ngmachi ne( Tens 0. 5 mm/mi nwi t ha Or i ent ec,Tokyo,Japan) .Thecr os s l l onRTC1150TSD, si onsoft hef r act ur edspeci me I SeCt i onaldi menwi t ha mi cr omet er( Mi t ut oyo,T nswer econf i r med t ot a一numberofsampl esi neach okyo,Japan) .The St at i st i ca一anal yseswer eper f or m gr . oupwasei ght ci aH yavai l abl est at i st i calpackag edwi t hacommer Maci nt osh,Japanesever si on,SAe( S St at Vi ew 5 f or I nst i t ut e,Car y, NC,USA)usi ngonewayandt Fi sher ' spr ot ect edl eastsi gni f i c w ao nt wayANOVAsand pl ecompar i sont est( Fi sher ' sPLSD) di f f er encemul t i -. att he5% l evel Pr epar at i onoft heSpe . Obsewat l ' onofFr a SEM ci mensf orFE-. h ef r ac t ur emode. Pr epar at i ono f t h eS p e Dci Obsewat i onofF Z esi nSEM mensf orFEThebondedspeci mensw ep r et ee nr t i nI n er f ace mannerasf ort het ensi l ebonds p t ar edi nt hesame wer epol i shedwi t ha1200gr i tpap r engt ht est .They f i ed i n6 moVLhydr ochl or i caci erdi sk,decal ci Chemi caHndust r i es,Osaka,Jap d( HCl :Wako Pur e depr ot ei ni zed i n l% sodi um hyp an)f or30 S,and Wako Pur eChemi caHndust r i es,ochl or i t e( NaOCl : 10mi n.Eachspeci menwaspl acOsaka,Japan)f or vedunde r FEnaSEM st AuPdcoat ed,andobser e do ub,. RE S UL TSondSf T en s i l eB r engt hsf. SEM.. Theef f ectofcondi t i onero nt Be o n y s l ' n ieDent i n o i sshowni nTabl e2.Thet ensi l el ebondst r engt hs t he 103 condi t i oned noni r r ad bondst r engt hof. f c t ur e d Af t ert het ensi 一 e bo n dt e st S , u e r a f a ch ce s r act ur edspeci -. t hehi ghest ,24. 6MPa,andi twa i a s t edsampl eswas r epor t ed byAr ョoand Nakabaya si mi l art oval ues i dco di t i or n e d t he l aser t r eat edgr oup,t he lO1 3sa i ･ 2 H on we v e , i n hc. Vol 2,No4, 2000. menwascutt osi ze,andthef.

(5) Kame y amae tal T abl e3 Ef f ec toft r eat men tt i meandconcen t r at i on ofphosphor i caci dsol u t i onont ensj l ebonds t r engt h V I Pa of暮 as er i r r adi at eddent i n( Mean±SD,r. T r e a t me n t t i me. t hatwhi chr esul t edaf t ert r eat mentwi t l yl howert han. Co n c e n t r a t i) 37P A on 6. . b 7 . 65 ±P 1 5S 5. 6±2 a A 60S 3. 6±1. 2 a 6. 2 2. 2b ∩=8; t h eb o n d e ds p e c i me n sw e r es o a k e di nw a t e r a t 37○ Cf o ±1. 1 b Me a nv a l u e sd e s i g n a t e dwi t ht h es a mes u p e r s c r i p t l e t t e r a r en o t s t a y t i s r 1 d d i f f e n t t i c a J I y .4. a. .. ( p> sampl e sh 0. 05 a ) . dat ens‖ebondst r engt ho whi chwasnotsi gni f i cant l ydi f f er entf r of7. 7 Mpヨ, pl escondi t i onedwi t ht heot heraci ds.Th mt hesam37PA aci dcondi t i onedsampl esshowede1 n 00and cantdi f f er encesbet weeni r r adi at edand osi gni f i at ed gr oups( p< 0. 05) ,butthe 一 as noni r r adi sampl est endedt ohavehi gherbondst r e er tr eat ed sampl esnoti r r adi at edwi t ht hel aser .l nngt hst han tr eat edgr oup,al laci dcondi ti oneds t hel aser veal edl owerbondst r engt hst hansamp a l mpl esr eaci dcon eswi t hout Thei n d f l i t u i e onc i n eo g,fphosphor i caci dt r ea andconcent r at i onont ensi l ebondst r en t g mentt i me l aser i r r adi at edgr oup i sshowni nTabl e t hsoft he mentt i medi d notst at i st i ca‖ysi gni f i can3.Tr eat encebondst r engt husi ngei t her37PAor t l yi nf l u0. 05) .Af t er60S,t het ensi l ebonds t r eng65PA( p>. F S S E M Mi O ma bs g e e r y at i ons 0E . 0 5E ) .. 65PA( p< wi t ht he103 soff r act ur edsur f acescondi t i oned. noni r r adi at edg sol ut i oni nbot hl aser i r r adi at edand pr edomi nantmo r o d upsar eshowni nFi gs1t o3.The gr oupwascohes eoff r ac t ur ei nt henoni r r adi at ed R) ;adhes i vef ai l ur ei nt hecur edr esi n( Fi g2, i vef ai l ur e( Fi g2,A)wasl con essi mpor t ant .l n veal t e r d ast ,t he 一 aser t r eat edspeci menschi ef 一 yr eboundac oh ei s i v ef a i l u ei nt h ed e n t i n( Fi g1,D)and r y f a L u r eb e t wr e ent h eh y b r i d 一 yi ngdent i n( Fi g 1,B) ;cohesi i z edandunder l r esi nwasnegl i gi bl e.Si mi l arvef a‖ur ei ncur ed madewhent heot hercondi t i on o eb r s ser vat i onswer e t hel aser t r eat edgr oup;t hecohes wer eappl i edi n dent i nwascl ear l yobser ved i nsp i v e ef ci ai l ur ei nt he Fe Egwi I SEM ･ t i on t h37PAf or60S( Fi g3,D). menscondi -. anddepr oi magesofcr osssec t i oned,decal ci f i ed sc o n d i t i o n e dwi t h1 0 3i nt h en o n i r t o6.Speci t me ei n n i zedspeci mensar eshowni nFi gs4 r a d i a e oupr evea一 eda 1-t o 2l a y e rt ( Hdg ) r Umt hi ckhybr i d 30L J mt h ( i F ci kl g4 a ) y . e l nt hel aser t r eat edgr oup,a10-t o wasobser vedwhr ena wi t c ha i dc hybr i dl i kest r uct ur e( H' ). Fi gla F E SEM mi c r o gr apho ff r ac t ur e ds ur t hofsamu t l 03s ol 0n , d e n t i n s l d es u r a t edgr oup,ac i dt r ea t e dwi t h1 f a c e , L a s e r l r r a d l f ac e.No t et h emi x t ur eo fboun dar yf a‖ ur eb e t ween an dunder l y i n gden t i n( B)an dc ohe si v ef h y br i di z e d ( D) . Or i gi n al magni f i c a t i on:1 ai l ur ei nt h eden t L n 300. 000X,. pl est r eat edwi t h37PAwassi gni f i cant.

(6) Kame y amae tal. a F t i g2 e a FE SEM ml Cr Ogr aPhoff r ac t ur edsur f ac e,nonl r r adl f ac e .r 0n ,den t l n Si desur dg oup,acl dt r eat edwi t hlO1 3s oL u t l ands N m o a t e l l e t r hel ar e aao r ger fa a r d eao fc ohesNef ai l ur el nCur edr e si n( R). t F i o i g n:1000X. hesI V ef al l ur e( A) .Or l gi nalmagni f i c a a t ed 3 , aci F d E t S r e E a M t ed mi w c i t r o h g 3 r a 7p P ho Af o f r f 6 r a 0 c t S u , r d e e ds n t i u n r s f a i d c e, s l u a r s f a ec rl r r adl c ohe sI V ef a‖ ur el nden t l n( D)l SCl ear l yvi si bl e.0r l e. The. e f ectofaci dco n d i t i on f T DI l C h a S i t ss i CU on t : u S 1 d 0 S ye 0 l 0 0N X v . al uat edt heef g l n a l m a gn卜.

(7) Kame y amae tal. Fo i g4 o s s S ec t i on alFE I SEM v l e WO fadh e sl V ei n t er f ac e, n n Cr t ei ni l z r e r a d d .l at e d,ac i dt r ea t edwl t h1 03,dec aJ c i f i ed,depr o F i n al A 1 L J m t h i c k l a y e r o fh y b r l di z e dd en t i n( H)i ss h o wn . mag ni f i c a t i o n : 1 5 0 0 X .. l a s C r o s s s e c t l 0 n al F E S EMv e WO fadh e sI V ei n t er f ac e, eri r r a d i a t e d , a c l dt r e a t edw l tl a y e rwi t h t e i n i z e d,A l h1 03,de c al c l f l ed,depr o ( H' ) w h y b r i d ‥ k equ al i t l e S1 0t o30t J mt hi c k. i ng a si d en t i f i e d. Or i g i n al ma g ni f i c a t i on : 1 500X. i she ef f ec toft heaci dcondi t i onerwoul dbedi mi nt r eat d.I ft hi swer et r ue,St r ongeraci dandl onger Howmentt i mecou一 dobt ai nahi gherbondst r engt h. s t r ev er ,our｢ esul t sshowedt hatt hemeanbond hi e n g t ho fnt t heu n t r e at e ds po ec me nswassomewhat g h e r t ha ha to fa c i dc ni d i t i ( Tab一 e2) .Ourpr evi ouswor khass one hdspeci mens amountofdi ssol vedcal ci um i nl as o e wnt hatt he den t i ni nl ac t i cbuf f ersol ut i on( pH r i r r adi at ed ni f i cant l ydi f f er entt hani n 4. 0)wasnotsi gThus,t he一 owerbonds t r eng n t oni r r adi at eddent i n･ 21 103c ondi t i onedden t i n hoft he一 aser t r eat ed si s t anceoft heB ased i snotat t r i but edt oaci dr eTheden t i ncondi t i o s n u e r dw f ace i t . h65P At ended Fi g6 L o wermagni f i c a t l 0nV i e wo fF l g5.A 30L J mt hI C k ( G)l ss eendi r ec t l yu n d er t h eh y br i dl a y e r( H' ) .No t et h a g ap t ag sp en e t r a t eden t i n al t u bul e sun derg ap( ar r o w) .Ot r i g r e s i n. m of a t g h n el i f i c a t s 1 0 e n r : t 1 r 5 e0 a 0 t e X ds . ur f ac. hi gherbondst r engt hst handent i nt r eat e t d oyi el d f 37P A( T abl e3) .Not abl y ,dent i nexposedt o65PA wi t h 60Sexhi bi t edasi gni f i cant l yhi ghermeant en or. i n al. gr ound( noni r r adi at ed) ei sdi f f er en tt hant hatof i n. 3･ ousl yr epor t edt hatt hdent 6･ 2lweh av epr evi i mbncat epat t er nedanel aser i r r adi at edsur f acei s l ayer ;t hus,t hede dbear snot r aceofasmear 6F ur t her mont ser ved. i nalt ubul esar ecl ear l yobi t ubul ardent i n r e,t heaci dr esl s t anceofper i nt er t ubuJ a wasf oundt obehi ghert hant hatof st r engt rdent i n. 6, 8Oner easonf ort hel ow bond wi t hlO ho l 3( ft hel aser i r r adi at edgr oupcondi t i oned t anceofpe T r i a t bl e2)maybeduet ot heaci dr esi s 302. ubul arden t i n,andt her ef or et heet ch -. Fi g5.

(8) Kamey amaetal i t( Fi g 3) .Li u etal 12f ound thatthe t ensi l e bond. REFERENCES. str engthofbovi nedenti nwasar ound 35 MPa･l ti s postul at ed thatl aseri r r adi ati on del et er i ousl y af f ect sthe mechani calpr oper ti esofdenti n,andthat aci dtr eatmentampl i fi esthephenomenon. Despi t e the f actthatdeeperr esi n penetr ati on wasobser vedi ncr ossI SeCti onalFESEM i mages( Fi g 5) ,hi gherbond str ength was notobtai ned i n the l aser i r r adi at ed gr oup.Fur ther ,the cohesi vef ai l ur e i n the denti n was obser ved i n the l aser tr eated gr oup( Fi g 2) .A gap i nthe denti nstr uctur ei sseen i n Fi g 6,butr esi nt agswer ef oundt o penetr at ethe denti naltubul es underthe gap ( ar r ow) .Possi bl e causesofthi sgapi ncl udespeci mendr ynessbef or e FESEM obser vati onand/orhyper di ssol uti onofthe denti nstr uctur e byHClorNaOCL .TonamietaI 23r epor t ed thati n heat ed denti n,mor e di ssol ved co‖a一 gen was pr esent i n NaOCIsol uti on than i n nonheat eddenti n.l nSEM obser vati ons,Kat aumiet a1 8f ound an i r r egul arar ea bet ween the i nt er f ace and underl yi ng denti ni n cr oss secti ons ofthe r esi n/l aser I r r adi at ed denti ni nt er f ace usi nga si mi l armethod.Thus,the f or mati on ofa gap一 i kestr uctur e may be a r esul tofover decoHageni zati on by NaOCli nthel aseraf f ect edar ea. These r esul ts suggestthatthe i nfl uence of Er : YAG l aseri r r adi ati on on denti ni s deeperthan the depth ofthe r esi n penetr ati on,and the cr ossI secti onalFEI SEM vi ew suppor t s thi s suggesti on. Fur therstudi esar e neededt oobt ai n m or ei nf or mati ononthechar act er i sti csofl aser I r r adi at eddenti n.. ACKNOW LEDGM ENTS W ea r ede epl ygr a t e f ult oPr of ･NobuoNa ka ba ya s hia ndDr ･Kumi ko Mi ya s a ka( TbkyoMe di c a la ndDe nt a lUni ve r s l t y)f ort he i rt e c hni c al a dvI C eOnS pe c i menpr e pa r a t i ona ndki ndhel p,a ndt oMr .Ka t s umi Ta dokor o( Or a lHea l t hSci e nc eCent er ,TokyoDent a lCol l e ge )f or t e c hni c a la dvi c eonus i ngFESEM･Wewoul da l s ol i ket oa c knowト edget heyal ua bl ec ooper a t i ongl VenbySunMedl Ca lCo.a nd∫. Mor i t aMf g.Co. f orpr ovi di ngma t e r i a l s . Thi si nve s t l ga t i onwa ss uppor t e dl nPa r tbyGr a l t i nAi df orSc l ent i f i cRe s ea r c hf r om t heMi ni s t r yofEduc a t i on,Sc i enc e,Spor t sa nd Cul t ur e, J a pan( ( C) ( 2)No･ 1 0671 8 00) ･. 1.AoklA,l shl k awal ,YamadaT,Ot sukiM,Wat anabeH,T agaml J,AndoY,Yamamot oH.Compar l SOnbet weenEr : YAGl aser andconv en t i onal t echnl quef orr oo tc ar i est r eat men tl nVl t r O. JDentRes1998; 77: 14041414. 2.Ar aoT,Nakabay ashiN.Ef f ec tofmi nl at ur i z eddumbbel ト Shapedbondedspecl ment Ol dent i f ybondi ngofr esi nt o bovi neden t l n. ｣｣ pnDen tMat er1995; 16: 175181. 3.Ar mengoIV,J eanA,Wel S SP ,HameIH.Compar at l v ei nvi t r o s t udyoft hebonds t r engt hofcomposi t et oenamelanddent l neObt al nedwi t hl aserl r r adi at i onoracl det ch.L aser sMed Sci1999; 14: 207215. 4.BowenRL. AdhesI V ebondi ngo fvar i ousmat er i al st ot oot ht i s sues.XXH.Theef f ec t sofacl eanser ,mor dant ,andpol ySAC onadhesI Onbet weenac omposl t er eSI nanddent l n.JDent Res1980; 59: 809814. 5.Hl bs tR,KeH erU,St amerR.Theef f ec tofpul sedEr : Y AGl aser r adl at 1 0nOndent a=1 ar dt I SSueS.LaserMedSur g1988; 4: 163165. 6.Kamey amaA,KawadaE,Takl ZaWaM,AmagalT,Mut aT, Hosak aM,OdaY,HJ r aiY.l nf l uenceofaci dt r eat menton Er : YAGl aser I r r adi at edbovi nedent l n;Mor phol ogI C alchanges ofl asedsur f ac e. Adhesl V eDen t i st r y2000; 18: 126132. 7.Kamey amaA,KogaH,T aki z awaM,T ak aesuY,Hi r alY.E f f ec t ofEr : Y AGl aserl r r adl at i ononaci dr esi s t anc eofbovl neden t i n l nVl t r O.BU"T ok y oDentCo"2000; 41: 431 48. 8.Kat aumiM,Nak a j l maM,YamadaT .T agamlJ .T ensi l ebond s t r eng t handSEMev al uat 1 0nOfEr : Y AGl aserl r r adl at edden t l n usi ngdent l nadhesl V e.DentMat erJ1998; 17: 125138. 9.Kel l erU,Hi bs tR.E f f ec t sofEr : YAGl aserl nC ar l eSt r eat men t . Acl i nl C alpi l ots t udy .L aserSur eMed1997; 20: 3238. erU,Hl bs tR,St ai nerR.Exper i men t als t udi esofappl i c a10.Kel l t i onsoft heEr : YAG l aserondent alhar dsubs t ancesl abs t r ac t 】 .L aserSur eMed1988; 8: 145. ll.Kumaz akiM.Kumaz akiM.E t chi ngwl t ht heEr : YAGl aser .J J pnSocL aserDent1994; 5: 103110. 12.Ll uJ ,Hat t or IM,HasegawaK,Yoshl nar iM,KawadaE,OdaY. Bonds t r eng t hofadhesi v el yr epal r edf r ac t ur er oo t( Par t1)Mi cr ot ensi l est r engt hsofbovl ner ootdent l neandbond s t r engt hwl t h41 MET A/MMATBBadhesi v er esi nl abs t r ac t ] .J J pnDen tMat er2000; 19( specl all SSUe35) : 30. 13.Mal manTH.St l mul at edopt l Calr adl at I Onl nr uby.Nat ur e 1960; 187: 493494. 14,MansonRahemt uI I aB,Ret i efDH,｣ aml SOnHC.E f f ec tofc on c en t r at l 0nSOfphosphor i cacl donenameldl SSO山t i on. ｣Pr os t he tDent1984; 51: 495498. 15.Nak abay ashiN.Resi nr el nf or cedden t l nedt J et Oi nf l l t r at i onof monomer sl n t Ot hedent l neatt headhesI V ei n t er f ace.JJ pn DentMat er1982; 1: 7882. 16.Nak abay ashlN,Ko j l maM,Masuhar aE. Thepr omot l 0nOfadhesi onb yl nf I I t r at 1 0nOfmonomer si nt ot oot hsubs t r at es.J Bi omedMat erRes1982; 16: 265273. 17.Nak abay ashlN,Pashl eyDH.Hybr i di z at i onofden t a=1 ar dt i s sues. T ok y o:Qul n t eS SenC e, 1998: 1820, 18.Nak abay ashlN,Wat anabeA,Ar aoT.At ensI I et es tt of acl I l t at el den t l f I C at I OnOfdef ec t sl ndent i nebondedspeci mens.｣ Den t1998; 26: 379385. 19.Sakaki bar aY,l shl mar uK,Takaml ZuM.Ast udyonbond s t r eng t ht odent l ni r r adl at edb yEr bl um: YAGl aser .J pnJConseⅣDent1998; 41: 207219.. Vo12,No4,2000. 303.

(9) Kamey amaetal 20.Sekl neY,Ebl har aA, T ak edaA, SudaH.Pul palr eac t 1 0nE ndog f ol l owl ngCaVE t yPr epar at i onbyEr : YAG l aser .Pr ocSPI E 1995; 1984: 159167. 21.T akl Z aWaM.As t udyonEr : YAGL aserabl at i onf ordent alhar d subs t ances. J pnJConseⅣ Den t1996; 39: 10891128. 22.T aki z awaM, Aokl S, T ak aseY,I shl k awaT,Kumaz akiM,l noue M,Zenny uK,Fu j i lB,HasegawaK,l shl k awaI .Cl l ni c alev al uat 1 0nOfEr : Y AGl aserf orc avl t yPr epar at i on. ｣ pnJConser vDen t 1995; 38: 10351047. 23.T onamlK,T ak aglT,Ar aklK,Mat aklS,Kur osakiN.Ef f ec tof agen,J pnJConser vDen t Cansol vgelonc ar I OuSden t l nCOH 1999; 42: 10401044. 24･Vi sur lSR,GI I ber tJL,Wr l ghtDD,Wi gdorHA,Wal shJ TJr . Shears t r engt hofcomposi t ebondedt oEr : YAGl aser pr epar ed dent l n. JDen tF e es1996; 75: 599605. 25.Zhar l k ovEV,Zhek ovVl ,Kul ev sk】 lLR,Mur l naTM,Osl k oV V, St ar l k ovBP ,TI mOShehkl nMI .St l mul at edeml SS1 0nf r om Er 3' i onsi ny t t r i um al umi num gar netcr y s t al sat九=2. 94U;SovJ QuantE一 ec t1975; 4: 10391040.. 304. TheJ oumalofAdhesi veDent i s t r y.

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