• 検索結果がありません。

Test Principle and Test Scheme of Longitudinal Force in Continuous Welded Rail Using Resistance Strain Gauge

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

シェア "Test Principle and Test Scheme of Longitudinal Force in Continuous Welded Rail Using Resistance Strain Gauge"

Copied!
7
0
0

読み込み中.... (全文を見る)

全文

(1)

1 书 书 书 ! 51 "  ! 1 # 2016 $ 2 %       &  '  (  )  *  +  +  , JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY        Vol. 51  No. 1 Feb. 2016 !"#$

20150406 %&'(

-./01+2345678239:;<

U1234201

U1334203

)*+,

=>

1990

),

?

@ABCD

BCEFGHIJKLHIMN+

Email

601782752@ qq. com -.)*

=O

1969

),

?

PQ

@A

BCEFG5R9SHIJKLHIMN+

Email

wping@ home. swjtu. edu. cn

/012

=>

TUV

WXY

Z. [\]^[_`abcdefFNghijLEk

. &'()*++,

2016

51

):

43 49.     0345

02582724

2016

01004307    DOI

10. 3969 / j. issn. 02582724. 2016. 01. 007

67896:;<=>?@

ABCDEFGHIJ

!  "

  #$%

  &'(

  !  )

&'()*+5R6edelmPno9:pqr

st uv 610031

K  L

wxbcdefFNghyz

{|F[_}ija2~

[\]^[_`€‚ƒ„…abcd e†HfFNghEk. ‡8ˆ‰[_`Š‹LŒƒ†HŽ‘’“”•a–—˜

™Gš›aœ‚ 2ž]^[_`abcdefFNghij

Ÿx™G \a¡¢ghEkagh£¤¥¦‚x§”¨. J© ª«

†HŽa‘’“”•¬g­£¤aƒ®¯°±²

³\]^[_`g­bcde†HfFL´F [_µ

¶·ˆ‰[_`aŠ‹¸L†HfFL´F¹º»Œx¼[a[_`Š‹a½¾

³\]^[_ `¿À¥¦†HfFNg­

b}Á†HÂa2ϐNLÄÅÆÇN¥¦”È

ÃɀaghEk»ÊÆ ÇËÌÍ

ÎÏÐÑÒSÓÔaÕÖ[_

×ØÙHڏ¤G 2 ℃ µ

g­£¤™Û¡¢ghEk”ÜÎÏÝÞ 84. 0% L 60. 3% . MNO

[_`

bcde

†HfFN

|F[_}

Š‹ PQRS5

U212. 33    0TUVW

Test Principle and Test Scheme of Longitudinal Force

in Continuous Welded Rail Using Resistance Strain Gauge

WANG Biao

  XIE Kaize

  XIAO Jieling

  WANG Ping

MOE Key Laboratory of HighSpeed Railway Engineering

Southwest Jiaotong University

Chengdu 610031

China

Abstract

To test longitudinal force in continuous welded rails

CWRs

),

based on the bidirectional strain approach

a new test scheme using resistance strain gage was proposed. The test principle was systematically presented

and the errors of different test schemes were compared by taking into account the thermal output of resistance strain gage and uneven temperature distribution on the same rail section. The results show that

firstly

the test error mainly comes from uneven temperature distribution on the rail section. Secondly

when testing the longitudinal or vertical strain in CWRs

the thermal output of resistance strain gage and the influence of the longitudinal and vertical constraints of rail on the thermal output must be considered. In addition

all longitudinal force test schemes with resistance strain gage can not directly separate temperature force from the additional expansion force. Finally

the proposed scheme can offset bending strain caused by loads without additional compensation plate

and when both sides of the rail web have 2 ℃ temperature difference

compared to the two existing test schemes

the measurement error is reduced by 84. 0% and 60. 3%

respectively. Key words

strain gage

continuous welded rail

longitudinal force in rail

bidirectional strain approach

thermal output

(2)

2 !   "   #   $   %   &   &   ' ( 51 )     bcde¬ßà6eHIáâa9°ãuo ”. äåHIJKa»æç

bcdeßH

èHéIZæêëìíyzaîﻍÝÞ

ð 5R6eÂ*­ñ{

¸òàe

óôõö†HÄ Å÷øùa*úòûJK

ûH¼üý\˜a† HÆÇNþ”ÿ!

14

"#*úòbcde$ ñ{å%DèHéIóHa&'

Ÿx¸b(H IG¯a5R6eHIJK)D9*½¾. *+g ­bcde†HÂafFNuG1+,-

.jó /012òûZ3456bcdea78

Œµ9 ¢:žHIJK;<=>a?@

Lxbcde; <=>A_BCaDE. <F

-GHg­†H[NaE}IJKgi jL”G 3 M

[_}

[N}

έ}

57

. Nž³ \[_}g­†HfFNaõOPQ

ŸLýGƒ ;R#SgáâT\

UV+WT\XE}¥¦ò bcdefFNaKgYBC. \žbcdef FNKgaZ4ù¯°¢]^[_`ó[\[] Z4ù

810

ØM

^Â]^[_`ýGZ›gh_ 6[\™G`a. bc()*+de3Z³\]^ [_`xfg5R6eúfh*ijòbcd e¥¦‚R#aSgBC

1112

]k1á*+l XmPQ2ž[_ghE}no‚

†H[ NSgpö

aq:

13

r- Salient st³\[ _ E } õ `  † H Š u è f F N S g š ›

1415

Z. vwghE}Nžxy‚[_`Š‹

z{ ^ghij|}

ghJ©»«+. ~0É

YÉ

aghijˆ‰‚[_`aŠ‹

ðxy‚bcde†H{f

´F¹º»Œx[ _`Š‹a½¾

"#^ghij9»*+. Ÿ €vwghij’ôˆ‰†HŽ‘’“ ”•a½¾

ughJ©ñ{™*a£¤. ÃÉwxbcde†HGfFNaãu‚ƒ

„…]^[_`ghij€ƒ„2ž|F[_ }g­†HfFNEk

{ˆ‰†HŽ‘’ “”•L[_`Š‹a–—˜

†‡ˆzXgh Ekij

Tg­J©a‰jŠ‹ŒÇ«+

Ÿx §„ghE}agh£¤

¥¦ghEk§Ž.

1  XB6:YDEFG

    žbcdeì5a†HNž^_‘’“ ”•

׆H¼x–ìH_ç Δt µ

õ— G˜

ݏG™

),

^Goš¢ƒìaN

›Gb cdea2ϐN

^*œG

16

Ft = ± EAβΔt

Â

Ft

β ”ÜG†Ha2ϐN

ží| ­

ŸŽ Ldu蚡

†HNG¢Nµ£ ˜¤

¥Nµ£™¤. Nž†HfF_‘¦”•

" #^fF[_G 0

v9¬:\[_}ghbcd e2ϐNa§:. ~0fF[_G 0

𬆠H ´ F ¨ ž / N = >

N [ N Y [ _ Û © a 7 š

17

LE†H´Fš¢[_

^ªG

μ + 1

βΔt

^ μ G†Ha«¬§. {òbcde†HfFN»­¢2Ï N

®ñ{Nžòû_ç%DÄůNûH ¼üý\ÓÔaÄÅÆÇN

XÆÇNÓÔa†H fF[_õG εf

°ÆÇNG EAεf

x[†H´F [_G - μεf. "#

òbcdeì5† H a f F [ _ εx = εf

´F[_ εy =

μ + 1

βΔt - μεf

òbc de†HfFNG2ϐNYÄÅÆÇNÛó

Fz = EAεf - EAβΔt = EA

εf - βΔt

=   EA

εx- εy

μ + 1

±

L¸²

)³g­†HfF[_L ´F[_L¸+ìòbcde†HÂafFN

v´¬|F[_}a2Ãij.

2  %Z=>?@[C\]<896

:;^_`

    _çx]^[_`aµ¢íΒ¢ÿ! a½¾

^_çÓÔa[_`‹ G¶· ‹

) ¸G¹[_

apparent strain

ꊋ

thermal output

. [_`aŠ‹Y¦gh—a¹ º=>¬¼77a

»Œ¹º=>˜[_`aŠ‹ ñ{ƒìa¤º. צgh—a¦gEF¨ž/ N=>

€»¼_ç ΔTs

^]^[_`x[ aŠ‹G

18

ε = αRΔTs/ K +

βr - βR

ΔTs

Â

αR G [ _ ` 3 4 ] ½ ¾ a ] ^   š ¡

K G[_` a Y 3 š ¡

ΔTs G ¦ g h —   _ ç

βrG¦gh—du蚡

βR G[_`34] ½¾du蚡. ±

L¸²

[_`aŠ‹Y¦gh —ap¿[_ βrΔTs ñ{ƒìa¤º

v›¬g­ £¤aƒ®±². xžbcde†H

^´F¬/N=>

À{ ´Fgh^[_

^[_`agh[_[XÁÂ 4 4

(3)

3 ( 1 * +  ,

-

./01.23456789:;<=>?@AB 

aŠ‹

ð†HfF

{ý\˜_ ‘¬¦ÃĹºa

2ž

aˆzijL¸Å “#µ]^[_`aŠ‹G ε = αRΔTs/ K - βRΔTs.

±

J©L¸²

¦gh—¦gEFÄ ¹º=>a]^[_`Š‹Zƞdu蚡 G 0 a/N=>˜a]^[_`aŠ‹. É

615

µ³\ghEkaghij´¬ Nžxy‚[_`avw‚í

ÇÓÔghij» ÈÉ

gha‰j­»«+

TghJ©ñ{™* a£¤.

3  =>?@ABCDEIJHDE

FG

    Ãøʁƒ„2ž|F[_}aghij

J 8òbcdep¿ËÌaòbcde†Hf FNghEk

^[_`aÍΏö2Ï 1

µ Ð

^Â[_` R1

R2 x¸ÍÎ{HÚÑÒØÙ

\žg­HÚ¨†Ha´F[_

[_` R3

R4 x ¸Í Î { H Ó  Ù

\ ž g ­ † H f F [ _

v 4 ®[_`ãuÔÕ)]ò

2Ï 1

µÐ.              

[_`ÍΏö

ZÆ]e Ï 1  ghEk Fig. 1  Proposed testing scheme     ýG§™Ek¯°¢ 3 „

”ÜGÉ

11

€aghEk

P¸ghEk 1

),

É

13

€ aghEk

P¸ghEk 2

¸Lr- Salient st µ ³ \ a g h E k

P ¸ g h E k 3

2 Ï 2

),

^ÂghEk 1 Ê°ÖHaËÌh—. ßp×ØÂ

’ÙJEFL†H»ŒoÛ© ñ{Ú©¤ºa½¾

Œƒ†HŽo¨aH »Û¼Œ

ñ{ƒ®»+ìaÜ

G+ì† Ha2ϐN

Ê°ƒ®àªHýG¢ÆH . X¢ÆHYŽHÜ”•¢7

¬† HŽoHaÝ¡

t = f

t1

t2

,…

tn

),

Â

t G¢ÆH

t1

t2

,…

tn GŒƒ†HŽ» Œö¨a

f Gx[aÝ¡7š.              

[_`ÍΏö

ZÆ]e Ï 2  ghEk 3 Fig. 2  Testing scheme three     É

19

€‚ƒ„2ž›`+ij+ì ¢ÆHaE}

™GÞß. Ãɳ\a¢ÆH ­ýGƒ®§™2*

\ž+썄ghEka£ ¤

"#ÃɎ£Ï 1

4 ®[_`x[ö¨ aH’ªýG¢ÆH

›

t =

t1 + t2 + t3 + t4

/ 4

Â

t1

t2

t3

t4 ӆG[_` R1

R2

R3

R4 x[ ö¨a†H. {ghijˆz·õ 4 ®[_`{òb cde–ìµÍÎ{à¿deáÄEFaŒƒ ŽG. õ R1

R2

R3

R4 x [   _ ç ” Ü G Δt

Δt + dt2

Δt + dt3 L Δt + dt4

G‚E⍄ghE k§™

Œµ·ìEk 1 ÂËÌ[_`x[a _çG Δt + dtb1

Δt + dtb2

Δt + dtb3L Δt + db4

°: \

aJ©L¸Å“2ϐNG Ft = - EAβr

Δt +

dt2 + dt3 + dt4

/ 4

"#

wxghÏ 1 aghEk¸L! 2 øx [a»Œ¹º=>˜a]^[_ÍaŠ‹

œ ª 1 µÐa 4 ®]^[_`öa»Œ[_‹. 2žª 1 L¸Å“

):

ε1 = - μεf + μβr

Δt + Δt + dt2

/ 2 + Δt / K

αR +

βr - βR

- εwdt2

ε1 = - μεf + μβr

Δt + Δt + dt2

/ 2 +

Δt + dt2

/ K

αR +

βr - βR

+ εwdt

ε3 = εf +

Δt + dt3

/ K

αR+

0 - βR

],

ε4 = εf +

Δt + dt4

/ K

αR+

0 - βR

       .

5 4

(4)

4 !   "   #   $   %   &   &   ' ( 51 ) a 1  6:H^_` Tab. 1  Strain and thermal output [_` ‘[_ [_

»Á ã/NÄÅo”

¹º=>  Š‹ R1 - μεf- εwdt2 μβr

Δt + Δt + dt2

/ 2 /N Δt Δt / K

αR+

βr- βR

R2 - μεf+ εwdt2 μβr

Δt + Δt + dt2

/ 2 /N Δt + dt2

Δt + dt2

/ K

αR+

βr- βR

R3 εf 0 ¹º Δt + dt3

Δt + dt3

/ K

αR+

0 - βR

R4 εf 0 ¹º Δt + dt4

Δt + dt4

/ K

αR+

0 - βR

ä

εwdt2G†HHÚÑÒØÙNž»Œå)DaÕÖ[_.     :\ÔÕ)]ò]eíæL¸Å“

ε = ε1 + ε2 - ε3 - ε4 =   - 2

μ + 1

[

εf- βr

(

Δt + dt2 + dt3 + dt4

) ]

4 +   2

μ + 1

βr dt2 - dt3 - dt4 4 +  

αR - βRK

dt2 - dt3 - dt4 K .

{j疗˜

†HŽa’“”•

› dt2 = dt3 = dt4 = 0

#µ

LçG ε = ε1 + ε2 - ε3 - ε4 = - 2

εf - βrΔt

),

œgha2Ãij

Fz = - 0. 5EAε /

μ + 1

10

𬈉“p¿–—˜Ha»’“”•

Á 

àè

10

LÅgh£¤G Fzw= - EAβr 4

dt2 - dt3 - dt4

-   EA

αR - βRK

dt2 - dt3 - dt4 2K

μ + 1

) ,

11

Â

FzwGg­£¤. ³\¼ŒaE}”¨^é 3 „ghEk

œ ghEka£¤”Ü2

12

14

µÐ. ghEk 1

EA 4

dt3 + dt4 - dtb3- dtb4

(

αR K - βR + βr

)

-   EAdt2 - dtb1 - dtb2 4Kμ

αR+

βr- βR

];(

12

ghEk 2

-EAβr 4

dt2 - dt3 - dt4

- EAβrdt2 2

μ + 1

- EAεwdt2 μ + 1

13

ghEk 3

-EAβr 4

dt2 - dt3 - dt4

- EAβrdt2 2

μ + 1

- EAεwdt2 μ + 1 .

14

±ŽaJ©L¸²

ghEk 1 Ÿ»Î2 É

11

µÁòbcde†HÂa2ϐ

NYÄÅÆÇN”È

Ek 2 YEk 3 agh£¤

¬¼Œa

ð¬±ghòe±²

Ek 2 GÄò] e

¼xžEk 3 aêò]e¬Ág­a‰j­ý ‚ë*¨j

TÅgha¡…쐀5. Ãɯ° ˆ‰ghijÓÔa£¤

»ˆ‰¡…ì

"# DGv؄ghEkaghJ©¼Œ.

4  bcRdHIJef

    x 4 „ghEkagh쐥¦”¨¶ ·³\ÀíßÜap¿–—. É

19

L¼7g h J © ª «

F î Ù H Ú a   ° * ž ï î Ù 2 ℃

HÓ 5 ℃

FîÙHÚHÓa2üZ. 2ž#

{£¤”¨Â·õØÙHÚa¤_çG

+ 2 ℃

- 2 ℃

],

Ø Ù H Ó a   _ ç ð ñ G

+ 5 ℃

- 5 ℃

],

€ØW¼7

°¼[a_çG dt3 = 0

  dt4 = 2. 5dt2

  - 2≤dt2≤0

dt3 = - 1. 5dt2

  dt4 = dt2

  0≤dt2≤2        .

15

`òÂx[a[_`a`òó¡³\<F  \aôõ83[_`¼7ó¡

20

†Hó¡³\ CHN60 H

^ö÷ó¡øª 2 µÐ. xžghEk 1

Nžñ{ËÌÍ

"#®Ê °ˆ‰ËÌÍY¦gh—x[öa¤º

{ ØW¤º”ÜG 0 ℃

± 0. 5 ℃ L ± 1. 0 ℃ – —˜ag­£¤2Ï 3 µÐ. ±Ï 3 L²

gh£¤äåËÌÍYghÍ ¤ù*åù*

×ËÌÍYghÍa¤G 0 ℃ µ

XghE}L¸ì+g­†HfFN. ßÜg h¢µG‚Eâ

Áµ¢ËÌ[_͒ÍÎ{ƒ ú†û

#µËÌÍYghÍx[:¨´ñ{™ *a¤. "ËÌ[_ͬÍÎ{Œƒú†û

6 4

(5)

5 ( 1 * +  ,

-

./01.23456789:;<=>?@AB a 2  ;ghi Tab. 2  Calculation parameters E / GPa A / cm2 μ β / ℃- 1 α R/ ℃ - 1 βR/ ℃ - 1 206 77. 45 0. 3 1. 18 × 10- 5 20 × 10- 6 1. 49 × 10- 5              





















    



Ï 3  Ek 1 £¤

†H

Fig. 3  Error of testing scheme one

rail

    ^x[aL¸DG¼Z

Ÿ€"^’“î[a ¿ÀJü

^™†H°5

#µagh£ ¤2Ï 4 µÐ.           













   



Ï 4  Ek 1 £¤

Fig. 4  Error of testing scheme one

iron plate

NÏ 4 L¸²

g­£¤äåËÌÍYgh ͏¤aù*

†H»’“maù*åù *

Ÿ€*ž¸†HýGËÌaghJ©

" #À³\ghEk 1

[ÛLΎ\†HýGËÌ h—

ŸÛLÎÁË̆HY¦g†Hýí¸þœ ØWa¤

±å€5ghì.

ghEk 2 YEk 3 a£¤YHÚØُ

¤)Da†HÿFÕÖ¢7

³\¢”!E}í" `ò^J©2Ï 5 µÐ. Ï 6 G 4 „ g h E} a £¤

£ # x ª

$ %

^ÂghEk 1 a£¤Ž£†HýGËÌh —

Ÿ€¦gh—YËÌh—x[¤G 1 ℃ . ±Ï 6 Ek 2 YEk 3 £¤Öd²

’†H ÕÖa½¾

„g­£¤&Ç'­ª™*

‚Ü ¬×ghƒÙHڏ™5µ

g­£¤®š*ž

Ï 3 YÏ 4 aJ©

ðXE}ÍÎ[_͙GP

Q

Ÿ€[_Í(Â{ƒ¨

)*¥¦+p.             









      



Ï 5  ÕÖ[_ Fig. 5  Bending strain              







 











   



Ï 6  ghE}£¤$% Fig. 6  Error comparison of testing schemes ±ÃÉghEk£¤Öd²

NžXghE }Âa 4 ®[_`ãuÄò]e

4 ®gh[_Í ¼üËÌ

ŒµL¸Ñ,†HÕÖ[_z{a g­£¤. ±J©L¸²

-»:Ë̘a-* g­£¤G 5. 1 kN

­¼×ž 0. 27 ℃ x[a2à N. ‡8 § ™  E k a g h £ ¤ L ¸ ² 

{ dt2 < 0 µ

ÃɀaghE}¼xžEk 2

3 a £¤¢.UùÇ

-*ùÇ­­G 1. 5 kN

¼xž Ek 1 a£¤/¢ÿ!aÝÞ

-œÝÞ­0“ 7. 7 kN

× dt2 > 0 µ

ÃɀaghEka£¤ -œ. ~0ghEk 2

3 { dt2 < 0 µa£¤™œ

ð¬{ dt2 > 0 µ

^gh£¤’“H1a½¾-*

gh£¤»ëì

»:žxghJ©a2˜. 7 4

(6)

6 !   "   #   $   %   &   &   ' ( 51 ) ‡µ

4 „ghE}a34:2ª 3 µÐ. a 3  jDEIYklmn Tab. 3  Summary of characteristics of testing methods ‚: gh Ek 1 gh Ek 2 gh Ek 3 ÃÉg hEk [_`¡ 8 4 2 4 ËÌÍ ¢ b b b 5pE x¸ QÙ QÙ x¸ g­§ * œ œ  ÕÖ[_Î6Oë Î »Î »Î Î ’H1½¾  * * œ ghì Â Þ Þ 5 ~0ÃɀaghE}Â[_`{†H aÍΏö™G”7

»)*pß+p

ð^éá âEŽ’™38.

5  o  p

    ÃÉ2žòbcde’N_‘‚ƒœ‚ |F[_}gh†HfFNa2Ãij

€‚ƒ „…aghEk

9:‚{ˆ‰[_`Š‹¸L †HŽ‘’“”•–—˜»ŒghEka ghij

Ÿ§™‚»ŒghEkagh£¤

Å “¸˜J:

³\]^[_`2ž|F[_}ÎÏg hòbcde†HfFN

ð¬{ˆ‰“p¿ †HŽ‘’“”•µ

„ghE}’ñ{ gh£¤.

³\]^[_`ghòbcde†H fFNµ

[_`aŠ‹¬»Îxya

Ÿ€† Hf

´Fa¹º»Œx[aŠ‹9ñ{¤º

¶·{ijˆzÂ;¸ˆ‰.

³\Ãɵ€“a„òbcde† HfFNaghEkvb}Á†HÂa2ϐ NYÄÅÆÇN”È

<ÎgÅ2ϐNYÄÅ ÆÇNa8N.

‡8ˆ‰[_`aT\¡­

gh¬6 Ê°ËÌh—

Î6O=ÕÖ[_¸LghìZ ">

Ãɀabcde†HfFNghEk3 8홫ÿ. qr

CD4EFGHIJ!"#$%&KLMN OP4QR. hs0T

  CHEN R

WANG P

WEI X K. Trackbridge longitudinal interaction of continuous welded rails on arch bridge

. Mathematical Problems in Engineering

2013

):

237245.

  =O

?@

ABC. 6eD¢òbcdefFN BC”¨

. ()i‹lm+,

2013

13

):

27 32. WANG Ping

LIU Hao

WEI Xiankui. Analysis on longitudinal force regulations of cwr on railway cable stayed bridge

. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

2013

13

):

2732.

  EFG. bcdeBCY[\

. Hf

Â-6I IJ

2004

140188.

  TUV

=O

KLM

Z. òQ!ûb(HIb cd e a N [ í

. & ' ( ) * + + ,

2014

49

):

649655. XIE Kaize

WANG Ping

XU Jingmang

et al. Adaptability of continuous welded rail of unit slab non ballast track on bridges

. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

2014

49

):

649655.

  OPQ. bc†HfFNaRS”¨YpqB C

. *T

*Tjl*+

2014.

  U¬. †HfF[N”•_çBC

. *T

*T jl*+

2012.

  ?ÉV. 5R6e*ú†WXòûH¼üý\B C

. RY

Â'*+

2013.

  YAN Lianshan

ZHANG Zhaoting

WANG Ping

et al. Fiber sensors for strain measurements and axle counting in highspeed railway applications

. IEEE Sensors Journal

2011

11

):

15871594.

  Z[\

]T^

=O

Z. 2ž[\[]a†H[_ g­78áâBC

. 6I+,

2012

34

):

65 69. ZHANG Zhaoting

YAN Lianshan

WANG Ping

et al. Key techniques for rail strain measurements based on fiber bragg grating sensor

. Journal of the China Railway Society

2012

34

):

6569.

10

  WANG Chungyue

TSAI Hsinchu

CHEN Chishian

et al. Railway track performance monitoring and safety warning system

. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities

2011

35

):

577586.

11

  de3. 5R6eR*òûb(HIbcdefF NSgY”¨

. '_

bc()*+

2012.

12

  de3

`ab

Zcd

Z. òbcdeÆÇÄ ÅNaemSgY”¨

. bc()*++,

2011

28

):

15. FENG Shaomin

LEI Xiaoyan

ZHANG Pengfei

et al. The remote monitoring and analysis of additional contractility from the CWR on bridge

. Journal of 8 4

(7)

7 ( 1 * +  ,

-

./01.23456789:;<=>?@AB East China Jiaotong University

2011

28

):

15.

13

  lXm. † H   [ N S g p ö

 -

CN201120140230. X

. 20120111.

14

  AEA Technology Rail. Findings from the investigation of SFE measurement techniques

. London

AEA Technology Rail

2006

15

  f¸g. ”•†H[NbdSgš›h—BC

. *T

*Tjl*+

2013.

16

  `ij

5k5. 6ebcde

. 4 I. Hf

lm()IJ

2010

1631.

17

  n o E

E p q

7 ± r. ½ ¾ N +

)[

. 4 I. Hf

5ZPnIJ

2002

208240.

18

  stu. v>NJ–—˜5[_`g­£¤a2 ˜E}

. æY×Ø

2005

32

):

3642. YIN Fuyan. Correction technique for high temperature strain gage under transient heating conditions

. Structure & Environment Engineering

2005

32

):

3642.

19

  5wx

y.+

zÂQ

Z. †HčŽ¢Æ ag­L¡…”¨

. 6Ilm+,

2002

):

1115. GAO Yongjun

GE Shaoxue

YUE Zhongtao

et al. Measurement of effective temperature in full cross section of steel rail and the data analysis

. Journal of Railway Engineering Society

2002

):

1115.

20

  `{b

| } ~

 î

Z. l m p q N +

. 2 I. Hf

€l‚IJ

2010

729.

SDTU

V  W    XDTU

Y  Z



[\( 35 ]

TAN Zhongsheng. A model experiment on the antisliding property of tunnel door and research on its reliability

. Journal of Lanzhou Railway University

Natural Sciences

2001

20

):

47.

  fƒ„

5…. †‡ˆI‰ŠLý픨

. & '()*++,

2002

37

):

496499. LI Lungui

GAO Bo. Reliability analysis of wing wall tunnel portal

. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

2002

37

):

496499.

10

  6I!‹Œõ`Ž. TB 10003

2005 6eˆIõ `Bð

. Hf

Â-6IIJ

2005.

11

  ‘

’“”

•–Ä. ˆIJKš›LýBC

. j—N+

2008

29

):

780784. SONG Yuxiang

JING Shiting

ZHU Yongquan. Research on reliability of tunnel structural system

. Rock and Soil Mechanics

2008

29

):

780784.

12

  A…{

lÉ^. seˆIî=>õ`E}

. se()1á

2011

28

10

):

7579. WEI Xinxin

DING Wenqi. Probabilistic limit state design method of highway tunnel

. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

2011

28

10

):

7579.

13

  ™ - š

3 › œ

 3 ž. J K L ý  j :

. Hf

Â-Ÿ IJ

2000

1719.

14

  Â6‹Žlm(¡¢”¢£st

&'()*+

¤ .¥6I*+

Z. 6eˆIJK˜”=>õ`E }BC

. uv

Â6‹Žlm(¡¢”¢£s t

2014.

15

  Â-Ÿ 1+BCŽ. GB 50153

1992 lmJKL ýõ`›ƒ¦*

. Hf

Â-Ÿ l‚I J

2008.

16

  6Io1+BCŽ. GB 50216

1994 6elmJK Lýõ`›ƒ¦*

. Hf

Â-`§IJ

1994.

S

XDTU

^_`

9 4

参照

関連したドキュメント

The purposes of this study were to examine age group and individual differences in the measurements of the controlled force exertion test by the quasi-random waveform display and

We compared CT image qualities of iNoir with FBP and ASIR using phantom tests corresponding to pediatric abdominal CT and a human observer test using clinical images..

This study examined the influence of obstacles with various heights positioned on the walkway of the TUG test on test performance (total time required and gait parameters)

Fig, 1.5 Comparison between result of plastic strain field by crystal plasticity FEA and fatigue test on crack initiation s ite in Ni alloy, a mapped region showing the grain

Key Words : foundation structure, timber pile, site loading test of pile, cavity distribution survey, shaking table test, liquefaction..

We shall say that an object S log of Sch log is a test object if its underlying scheme is affine, connected, and normal, and, moreover, the R -superscripted topological space

T Taiwan General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT) or Department Required Test Thailand Ordinary National Educational Test(O-net), General Aptitude Test. (GAT), Professional

T Taiwan General Scholastic Ability Test (GSAT) or Department Required Test Thailand Ordinary National Educational Test(O-net), General Aptitude Test. (GAT), Professional