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The Activities to Improve the Quality of Internet Research: For a Sustainable Research Environment

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(1)

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢㄢ㢟࡜ရ㉁ྥୖ࡟ྥࡅࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ

㸫ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ㄪᰝ⎔ቃࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㸫

The Activities to Improve the Quality of Internet Research: For a Sustainable Research Environment

ᕤ⸨බஂ

ձ

ᮧୖᬛ❶

ղ

ᓊ⏣඾Ꮚ

ճ

஧⎼ဴஓ

մ

ฟཱྀᩗᏊ

յ

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ࠑせ᪨ࠒ

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢᅇ⟅ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡣ 3& ࠿ࡽࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࡬࡜⛣ࡾኚࢃࡿ୰㸪౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ 3& ࢆ๓ᥦ

࡜ࡋࡓㄪᰝࡀ⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡣ 3& ࡼࡾࡶᅇ⟅㈇Ⲵࡀ኱ࡁࡃ㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ⋡ࡢ పୗࡀⴭࡋ࠸㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ⌧≧࡜ㄢ㢟ࡣᗈࡃ▱ࢀΏࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡇࡢ≧ែࡀ⥆ࡅ ࡤ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢᏑ⥆ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀ༴ࡪࡲࢀࡿ㸬

᪥ᮏ࣐࣮ࢣࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࣭ࣜࢧ࣮ࢳ༠఍-05$ࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᐇែࢆ៧࠸㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡀᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ࡶ

ࡢ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ✏ࡣ -05$ ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࡢάືෆᐜࡸ

ᖺ ᭶࡟⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠕ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࠖࡢᴫせࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬

The main response devices for online surveys are changing from PCs to smartphones; however, many researchers or clients have designed questionnaires that are adaptable to PCs.

Responding to surveys using smartphones is more stressful compared to using PCs, so the number of active respondents is decreasing rapidly. The current situation and challenges of online surveys are not widely known. If this situation continues, Internet research faces the challenge of extinction.

The Japan Marketing Research Association (JMRA) is concerned about this situation and has begun efforts to make Internet research sustainable. This paper reports the activities of JMRA’s Online Survey Quality Committee and a review of “The online survey quality guidelines” formulated in 2017.

㸯㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ⌧≧࡜ᐇែ

㸰㸬ᅇ⟅ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝရ㉁࡬ࡢᙳ㡪 㸱㸬-05$ ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࡢάື

ㄪᰝရ㉁ྥୖ࡟ྥࡅࡓၨⵚάື

࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢព⩏

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢᴫせ

㸲㸬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟

(2)

㸯㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ⌧≧࡜ᐇែ

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡣ㸪ᕷሙㄪᰝ㡿ᇦ࡟

࠾࠸࡚㸪 ᖺ࠿ࡽᚎࠎ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺

࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏ࣐࣮ࢣࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࣭

ࣜࢧ࣮ࢳ༠఍㸦௨ୗ㸪-05$㸧࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪-05$

ຍ┕♫ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ኎ୖ㧗ࡣ ᖺ࡟ࡣ⣙ ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡣᕷሙㄪᰝ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾

࠸࡚᭱ࡶࡼࡃ฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪㏆ᖺ࡛ࡣ

♫఍ㄪᰝࡸᏛ⾡◊✲࡟ࡶ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟

࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⥲ົ┬ࡀᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

ᐙィㄪᰝࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⿵᏶࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢ᳨

ウࡶ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡀጞࡲࡗࡓᙜ᫬ࡣ㸪

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝ㸻3& ࡛ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜

ࡳ࡞ࡋ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪 ᖺ ௨㝆㸪ᚎࠎ࡟ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࠿ࡽࡢᅇ⟅⪅

ࡀቑ࠼ጞࡵ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪-05$ ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜

ᖺ࡟ࡣ⣙ ࡢࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡀࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ

࡛ᅇ⟅ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

⏨ዪู࡟ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪⏨ᛶࡢ⣙ ࡟ᑐࡋ

࡚ዪᛶࡣ ࡜ዪᛶࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛

࡛ࣥࡢᅇ⟅ẚ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᖺ௦ู࡟ࡳ

ࡿ࡜㸪ⱝᖺᒙ࡯࡝ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛࡛ࣥࡢᅇ⟅

ẚ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪 ௦࡛ࡣ ࡜ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛

࡛ࣥᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᙜࡓࡾ๓࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ᅗ⾲㸯㸬ᕷሙㄪᰝࡢㄪᰝᡭἲู኎ୖᵓᡂࡢ᥎⛣

ᅗ⾲ 㸬ᕷሙㄪᰝᴗ⏺ࡢㄪᰝ౫㢗ඛᵓᡂ

ᅗ⾲ 㸬ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥᅇ⟅ẚ⋡ࡢ᥎⛣

(3)

ࡑࢀ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸪᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿ

ࢵࢺㄪᰝࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚ 3& ࡛ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ

࡟ࡋࡓㄪᰝ⚊ࡢࡲࡲタィࡉࢀ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡣ᫬㛫࡜ሙᡤࡢไ⣙ࡀ࡞ࡃ㸪࠸

ࡘ࡛ࡶ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡟ᅇ⟅࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪⏬㠃ࢧ

࢖ࢬࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ 3& ࡼࡾࡶ⊃ࡃ㸪 ୍ᗘ࡟⾲♧࡛ࡁࡿ

㉁ၥᩥࡸ㑅ᢥ⫥ࡢᩘࡶ㝈ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪୍⯡

ⓗ࡟ࡣ 3& ࡛ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡼࡾࡶࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ

࡛ᅇ⟅ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡢ࡯࠺ࡀᅇ⟅㈇Ⲵࢆឤࡌࡸࡍ࠸㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ࢤ࣮࣒ࡸ 616㸪ື⏬ඹ᭷ࢧ࢖ࢺ㸪ࢡࣛ࢘

ࢻࢯ࣮ࢩࣥࢢ࡞࡝㸪ᬤࡘࡪࡋࡢࡓࡵࡢࢥࣥࢸࣥࢶ

ࡸሗ㓘ࢆࡶࡽ࠺ᡭẁࡶከᵝ໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮

ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝ࡟༠ຊࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆᣢࡕ

⥆ࡅ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࠿ࡽࡢᅇ⟅⪅ࡀቑ࠼⥆ࡅࡿ୍᪉㸪

ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ㠀࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ໬ࡀ῝้࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸

ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࡜࠸࠺ᐃ⩏ࡣ㸪᭶࡟ ᅇ ௨ୖᅇ⟅ࡋࡓேࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᣦࡍ㸬༶ࡕ㸪㠀࢔ࢡࢸ࢕

ࣈ⋡ࡣ᭶࡟ ᅇࡶ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆᅇ⟅ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓே

ࡢ๭ྜࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ᅗ⾲ ࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࢆ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿ୺せ ♫ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࣃࢿࣝࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ⋡࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪 ᖺࡢᩘ್ࢆ ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ⤒ᖺኚ໬ࢆ♧ࡋ ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᖺࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ⋡ࡣ㸪 ᖺࡢ 㸬 ಸ࡟ࡲ࡛పୗࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ಶே᝟ሗಖㆤࡢព㆑ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿ୰㸪࡞࠿࡞࠿ㄪᰝ࡟

༠ຊࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿேࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡇ࠺

ࡋࡓ♫఍⫼ᬒࡢ୰࡛㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓㄪ ᰝᡭἲࡣ㸪ㄪᰝ࡟༠ຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡃࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡜

ࡋ࡚㸪㈗㔜࡞♫఍࢖ࣥࣇࣛ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࢔

ࢡࢭࢫࣃࢿࣝࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ⋡ࡢపୗࡀṆࡲࡽ࡞࠸

㝈ࡾࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢᏑ⥆ࡀ༴ࡪࡲࢀࡿ

ࡋ㸪♫఍࢖ࣥࣇࣛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ౯್ࡶᦆ࡞ࢃࢀࡿ㸬 -05$ ࡛ࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢࡇࡢ༴ᶵⓗ࡞

≧ἣࢆᡴ㛤ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪 ᖺ࡟ࠕ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ ㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࠖࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮

ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࢆ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿ୺せ࡞ㄪᰝ఍♫ࡀຍࢃࡗࡓ ᙧ࡛㸪᝟ሗ஺᥮ࢆ⾜࠸࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ㄪᰝရ㉁ࡢྥୖ࡟

ྥࡅࡓάືࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ᅗ⾲ 㸬࢔ࢡࢭࢫࣃࢿࣝࡢ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ⋡

ࡢ᥎⛣

(4)

㸰㸬ᅇ⟅ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟ࡼࡿㄪᰝရ㉁࡬ࡢᙳ㡪 ᐃⅬほ ㄪᰝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪᫬⣔ิẚ㍑ࢆࡍࡿࡓ

ࡵ࡟ㄪᰝ⚊ࡸㄪᰝࡢࡸࡾ᪉ࢆࡴࡸࡳ࡟ኚ᭦ࡋ࡞࠸

࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ㕲๎࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᅗ⾲ ࡟♧ࡋࡓ

࡜࠾ࡾ㸪ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛࡛ࣥࡢᅇ⟅ẚ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚

࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ㸬࠸ࡲࡔ࡟ࠕ᫇࠿ࡽ 3& ㄪᰝ࡜

ࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛௒ᅇࡶ 3& ㄪᰝ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚

࡯ࡋ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺౫㢗⪅ࡶከ࠸㸬

ᅇ⟅ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࢆ 3& ࡟ไ㝈ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛㸪 3&

ࢆ౑ࢃ࡞࠸ேࡢᅇ⟅ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣᚓࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ㸬3& 㝈 ᐃࡢㄪᰝࢆᅛᣢࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢㄪᰝ

⤖ᯝࡢࣂ࢖࢔ࢫࡶḟ➨࡟኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ

ព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ከࡃࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢㄪᰝ㈝⏝ࡣ㸪ࢧࣥ

ࣉࣝࢧ࢖ࢬ™㉁ၥᩘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚つᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪౫ 㢗⪅ഃ࠿ࡽࡍࢀࡤ஦๓࡟ㄪᰝ㈝⏝ࡀ☜ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡢ࡛Ᏻᚰࡋ࡚౫㢗࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ ㄪᰝࡢከࡃࡀ๭ᙜἲ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪౫㢗ᩘࡀ ቑ࠼ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛㒑㏦㈝ࡸே௳㈝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄪᰝ㈝⏝

ࡢኚືࡍࡿせ⣲ࡀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㸪ᅇ཰ࡋࡓேᩘ࡟ࡋ࠿

ព㆑ࡀ㞟୰ࡋ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㸬

ᅗ⾲ ࡣ࠶ࡿㄪᰝ࠾ࡅࡿタၥูᅇ⟅⥅⥆⋡ࢆ♧

ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬3& ࡶࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡶ 4 ࡛⥅

⥆⋡ࡀ኱ࡁࡃపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ᕧ኱࡞࣐ࢺ

ࣜࢡࢫタၥࡀ࿊♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᕧ኱࡞

࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫタၥࡀᅇ⟅⬺ⴠࢆᣍࡃ᭱኱ࡢせᅉ࡜࡞

ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢᕧ኱࣐ࢺࣜ

ࢡࢫ࡛ࡢᅇ⟅㞳⬺ࡣ㸪3& ࡼࡾࡶࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛࡛ࣥ

Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀุࡿ㸬ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡢᅇ⟅

ẚ⋡ࡀቑ࠼࡚࠸ࡿᐇែࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜㸪௨๓ࡼࡾࡶ

ᅇ⟅㞳⬺ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡸࡍ࠸≧ἣ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ᅇ⟅

㞳⬺ࡀቑ࠼ࢀࡤ㸪ㄪᰝࢹ࣮ࢱࡢရ㉁ࡢపୗࡣ㑊ࡅ

ࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬

ࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡣ㸪ㄪᰝᴗ⏺࡟࠾࠸࡚㈗㔜࡞

ࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓᕧ኱࡞࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫタ ၥࡣࡴࡋࢁቑຍࡢഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ୰࡛㸪ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡶࣔ

ࢽࢱ࣮άືࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺

࠿ࢆᢕᥱࡍ࡭ࡃ㸪-05$ ࡛ࡣ ᖺ ᭶࡟ㄪᰝရ

㉁ጤဨ఍࡟ཧ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ♫ࡢࢿࢵࢺࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࣔ

ࢽࢱ࣮࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࣔࢽࢱ࣮‶㊊ᗘㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬

ᅗ⾲ 㸬タၥᙧᘧูᅇ⟅⥅⥆⋡

(5)

ࡇࡢㄪᰝࡢ୰࡛㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡀᅇ⟅ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸ㄪᰝ

⚊ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࠿ࢆ㉁ၥࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪ᅗ⾲

ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ ௨ୖࡢேࡀࠕ㑅 ᢥ⫥ࡀከࡍࡂࡿࠖ ࠕ㉁ၥᩥࡀ㛗࠸ࠖㄪᰝ⚊ࡣᅇ⟅ព ḧࢆኻ࠺࡜ᅇ⟅ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓࠕᅇ⟅ᡤせ᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿

ࡿࠖࡸࠕ㢮ఝࡋࡓෆᐜࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ㉁ၥࡉࢀࡿࠖࡶ

௨ୖࡢேࡀᅇ⟅ពḧࢆኻ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ

‶㊊ᗘࡣ⣙ ୍࡛ᐃᩘࡢேࡣ‶㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪

௚ே࡬ࡢ᥎ዡᣦᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡉࢀࡿ 136 ࢫࢥ࢔ࡢ

್ࡣ࡜㠀ᖖ࡟ప࠸⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

⮬ศ࡞ࡽᅇ⟅࡛ࡁࡿࡀ௚ே࡟່ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣ᢬ᢠࡀ

࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࢪ࣐ࣞࣥࡀᏑᅾࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ⾲ 㸬ᅇ⟅ពḧࢆᦆ࡞࠺ㄪᰝෆᐜ

ᅗ⾲ 㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ‶㊊ᗘ ᅗ⾲ 㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ᥎ዡពྥ㸦136 ࢫࢥ࢔

(6)

㸱㸬-05$ ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࡢάື

ㄪᰝရ㉁ྥୖ࡟ྥࡅࡓၨⵚάື

-05$ ࡟࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࡀタ⨨

ࡉࢀࡿ๓ࡲ࡛ࡣ㸪ᴗ⏺ᅋయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵ

ࢺㄪᰝࡢᐇែࢆṇࡋࡃᢕᥱࡋ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ㄪᰝ ရ㉁ጤဨ఍࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎྛ♫ࡀᢪ࠼ࡿᝎࡳࡸㄢ㢟ࢆ

ඹ᭷ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗࡓ㸬ḟ࡟ྛ♫ࡀ -05$

࡟ᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿ♫ෆ᝟ሗࢆㄪᩚࡋࡓᚋ࡟㸪ᐃᮇⓗ࡟

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ೺ᗣデ᩿࡜࡞ࡿᣦᶆ㸦Ⓩ㘓 ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫẚ⋡㸪ᅇ⟅ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫẚ⋡➼㸧ࢆ཰㞟ࡋ࡚

࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡜ࡋࡓ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪 -05$ ࡀⓎ⾜ࡍࡿᶵ㛵ㄅ࡬ࡢᐤ✏ 㸦ᅗ⾲ 㸧

ࡸ࣓࣮ࣜࣥࢢࣜࢫࢺ࡟ࡼࡿእ㒊࡬ࡢ᝟ሗⓎಙ࡜࠸

࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡶ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢព⩏

᪤࡟࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡀᙜࡓࡾ๓ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ

᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬௦࡟࡞ࡾ㸪ึࡵ࡚ᢸᙜࡍࡿㄪᰝࡀ ࠕ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࠖ࡜࡞ࡿ౫㢗⪅ࡶከࡃ࡞ࡗ

࡚ࡁࡓ㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃᕤ⛬ࡣ ࢩࢫࢸ࣐ࢸ࢕ࢵࢡ࡟⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ㅖඛ㍮᪉࠿

ࡽࠕㄪᰝࠖ࡜ࡣఱࡓࡿ࠿ࢆᩍ⫱ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ㸪᪥

ᖖⓗ࡞ᴗົࡢ୍ࡘ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ᩘከࡃࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࢆ㐠⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ୰

࡛㸪⤯ᑐ࡟ㄪᰝࡢኻᩋࡣチࡉ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺㸯ࡘࡢㄪ ᰝ࡟࠿ࡅࡿᇳ╔ᚰࡀⷧࡽ࠸࡛࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡣ㸪᪤࡟ධຊࡉࢀࡓ ࢹࢪࢱࣝࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ࡋ࠿ㄪᰝࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬⣬ࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࡢࡼ࠺࡟୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡢ➹㊧

࠿ࡽᅇ⟅⪅ࡢẼᣢࡕࢆ⫙࡛ឤࡌྲྀࡿᶵ఍ࡀኻࢃࢀ

࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ௙⤌ࡳࡀ㸪ㄪ ᰝ࡟ᦠࢃࡿேࠎࡢព㆑ࡢ୰࠿ࡽࠕேࠖ࡬ࡢࠕㄪᰝࠖ

࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᕼⷧ໬ࡉࡏ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽࡇࡑ㸪 ᕧ኱࡞࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫタၥࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࢆ⑂

ᘢࡉࡏࡿㄪᰝࡀ⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸬

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪ᅇ⟅᪉ἲࡀ⣬࠿

ࡽ 3&㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࡟ኚࢃࡗࡓ࡟ࡍࡂ࡞

࠸㸬ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣ⣬ࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࡢ᫬௦࠿ࡽࠕㄪᰝ࡛ࠖ

࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ኚࢃࡾࡣ࡞࠸㸬

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝ࡛ࡣ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࣃࢿࣝࡢ୰࠿

ࡽㄪᰝᑐ㇟⪅ࢆᢳฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅࡔࡀ㸪࢔ࢡࢭࢫ

ࣃࢿࣝࡣỴࡋ࡚࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆᅇ⟅ࡍࡿ࣐ࢩ࣮࡛ࣥ

ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡈࡃ୍⯡ࡢ⏕ά⪅࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ඛ࡟ࡶ㏙࡭ࡓ

ࡼ࠺࡟㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ⎔ቃࢆᨵၿࡋ࡞ࡅ

ࢀࡤ㸪ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ㞳཯ࢆᣍࡁࡑࡢᏑ⥆ࡀ༴ࡪࡲࢀ

ࡿ㸬 ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡢ⎔ቃࡢಖ඲㸪 ࡑࡋ࡚ㄪᰝᴗ⏺ࡢ೺඲࡞ࡿⓎᒎࢆಁࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ㸪 ㄪᰝ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢព㆑ᨵ㠉ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓㄪᰝ౫㢗⪅ࡢព㆑ᨵ㠉

ࢆồࡵࡿ㐠ືࡣຍ┕ಶ♫ࡢດຊ࡛ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸㸬 ࡑࡇ࡛ -05$ ࡣᴗ⏺ᅋయ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪 ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪ ᰝ࡟ᦠࢃࡿ⪅ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㚷࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖

ࣥࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬

ᅗ⾲ 㸬-05$ ᶵ㛵ㄅ࡬ࡢᐤ✏

(7)

࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢᴫせ ㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢ⟇ᐃ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪 ㄪᰝ఍♫ࡀ♫ෆ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓရ㉁᳨ドࡢㄪᰝ ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᣢࡕᐤࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ྛㄪᰝ఍♫ࡢ -05$

ጤဨࡀ༠ຊࡋ࡚ⲡ᱌ࢆసᡂࡋࡓ㸬

ࡑࡋ࡚㸪᪥ᮏ⾜ືィ㔞Ꮫ఍኱఍ࡢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻࢸ

࣮ࣈࣝࡢሙ࡛᭷㆑⪅ࡢពぢࢆᣏ⫈ࡋࡓࡾ㸪

-05$ ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣃࣈࣜࢵࢡࢥ࣓ࣥ

ࢺ࡜࠸࠺ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ⤒࡚㸬 ᖺ ᭶࡟ࠕ࢖ࣥ

ࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࠖࡢ⟇ᐃ࡟⮳

ࡗࡓ㸬

ࡇࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢ⥲ᣓࡢ࣮࣌ࢪ࡟グࡉࢀ

࡚࠸ࡿෆᐜࢆᅗ⾲ ࡟♧ࡍ㸬

ᅗ⾲ 㸬࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

(8)

ඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓ࡜࠾ࡾ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡶࠕㄪ ᰝ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟㐪࠸ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࡇࡢ࢞࢖

ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡢ୰࡛ ࠙᫬௦ࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚ࡶᏲࡿ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࠚ

࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕㄪᰝ༠ຊ⪅ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄪᰝࡢ ᇶᮏࢆ➨㸯ࡢᰕ࡟ᥖࡆࡓ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ࢿࢵࢺࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࢆྲྀࡾᕳࡃ⎔ቃࡣᖖ࡟ኚ

ࢃࡾ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬3& ࡛ᅇ཰ࡍࡿㄪᰝࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࢀ

ࡤ㸪▱ࡽࡎ▱ࡽࡎࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟ṍࢇࡔㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ࡟࡞ࡗ

࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㸬௒ࡢࢿࢵࢺࣜࢧ࣮ࢳࡢࡸࡾ᪉࡛࠺ࡲࡃ

࠸ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚㸪ᮍ᮶Ọຕኚ࠼࡞࠸ࡇ࡜

ࡣ㸪ࡁࡗ࡜ṇࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡢどⅬࢆά࠿

ࡍࡓࡵ࡟࠙᫬௦࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ኚ࠼࡚࠸ࡃ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࠚ࡜

ࡋ࡚ࠕㄪᰝ༠ຊࡋࡸࡍ࠸ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆタィࡍࡿࠖཬࡧ ࠕ᫬௦࡟ᛂࡌࡓ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࠖ

࡜࠸࠺➨ 㸪➨ ࡢᰕࢆᥖࡆࡓ㸬

ࡇࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿࡟ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆタィࡍࡿ

࡜ࡁࡢලయⓗ࡞㉁ၥᩘࡸ㑅ᢥ⫥ᩘ࡟ゐࢀࡓෆᐜ࡟

ࡣ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ㄪᰝ఍♫࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏬㠃⾲♧ࡀ␗

࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ࡑࢀࡽࢆ୍ࡘࡢᇶ‽࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃࡵࡿࡇ࡜

ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ㄪᰝ఍♫ࡢ୰ࡢே

ࡔࡅࡀẼࢆࡘࡅࡿ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ㄪᰝࢆ౫㢗 ࡍࡿே࡟ࡶྥࡅࡓ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 㸲㸬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟

-05$ ࡀ⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠕ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁࢞࢖

ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࠖࡣ㸪ᣊ᮰ຊࢆక࠺ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬࡜ࡶ

ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ࡇࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࡀᏑᅾࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡍࡽᛀ

ࢀཤࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜

࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࡇࡢ࢞࢖ࢻࣛ࢖ࣥࢆᗈࡵ࡚࠸

ࡃၨⵚάື࡟ὀຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡲࡓ㸪ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࠿ࡽࡢᅇ⟅⪅ࡀ௒ᚋࡶቑ

࠼⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿ୰࡛㸪࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ

ㄪᰝ⚊ࢆࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ᪉ྥ࡟࡞ࡽࡊࡿࢆ

ᚓ࡞࠸㸬ࡔࡀㄪᰝ౫㢗ഃ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏻

ࡾࡢㄪᰝ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚▱ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࢽ࣮ࢬࡀ࠶

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ஦ᐇ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡓ

ࡵ࡟㸪኱࣮࣒࣎ࣜࣗࡢㄪᰝ⚊ࢆศ๭ࡍࡿㄪᰝศ๭

ἲࡢᐇド◊✲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 -05$ ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝရ㉁ጤဨ఍ࡣ㸪ᘬࡁ⥆

ࡁ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺㄪᰝࡀᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ㄪᰝ࢖ࣥࣇࣛ

࡜ࡋ࡚ᅾࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵࡢάື࡟㑌㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᡤᏑ

࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩

ຍ⸨ᏹ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌㻚䝇䝬䞊䝖䝣䜷䞁䛾ᬑཬ䛜䝛䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏䛻 ཬ䜌䛩ᙳ㡪䠉㻼㻯㻌 䛸䝇䝬䞊䝖䝣䜷䞁䛾䜰䞁䜿䞊䝖ᅇ⟅

䛾ẚ㍑䠉䠈᪥ᮏ⾜ືィ㔞Ꮫ఍➨ 㻠㻡 ᅇ኱఍ᢒ㘓㞟䠈 㻤㻥㻚㻌

ᓊ⏣඾Ꮚ㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻚㻌 䝛䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏䛾ㄢ㢟㻌 䝛䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏 䛾⌧≧䠉ㄪᰝ఍♫䛾どⅬ䠉䠈᪥ᮏ⾜ືィ㔞Ꮫ఍➨

㻠㻡 ᅇ኱఍ᢒ㘓㞟䠈㻤 㻤㻤㻚㻌

ᮧୖᬛ❶㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌㻚㻌 䝛䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏䝰䝙䝍䞊䛻ᚲせ䛺ാ䛝 ᪉ᨵ㠉䛸䛿䠈᪥ᮏ⾜ືィ㔞Ꮫ఍➨ 㻠㻡 ᅇ኱఍ᢒ㘓㞟䠈 㻥㻜㻚㻌

䇷䇷䇷䇷㻌 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌 㻚㻌 䝛䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏䛾⌧≧䛸ㄢ㢟䠈᪥

ᮏ䝬䞊䜿䝔䜱䞁䜾䞉䝸䝃䞊䝏༠఍㻌 䛄䝬䞊䜿䝔䜱䞁䜾䞉䝸 䝃䞊䝏䝱䞊䛅㻘㻌㻝 㻝㻟㻞䠈㻝㻜㻙㻝㻟㻚㻌

䇷䇷䇷䇷㻌 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌㻚㻌 䝇䝬䞊䝖䝣䜷䞁ᅇ⟅⪅䛻㓄៖䛧䛯䝛 䝑䝖䝸䝃䞊䝏䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛䛾䛛䠈᪥ᮏ䝬䞊䜿䝔䜱䞁䜾䞉 䝸䝃䞊䝏༠఍㻌 䛄䝬䞊䜿䝔䜱䞁䜾䞉䝸䝃䞊䝏䝱䞊䛅䠈㻝 㻝㻟㻟䠈 㻠㻡㻙㻠㻤㻚㻌

᪥ᮏ䝬䞊䜿䝔䜱䞁䜾䞉䝸䝃䞊䝏༠఍㻌 㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌 㻚䜲䞁䝍䞊䝛

䝑䝖ㄪᰝရ㉁䜺䜲䝗䝷䜲䞁䠄㻞㻜㻝㻣 ᖺ 㻝㻝 ᭶බ⾲䠅㻚㻌

㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼖㼙㼞㼍㻙㼚㼑㼠㻚㼛㼞㻚㼖㼜㻛㻼㼛㼞㼠㼍㼘㼟㻛㻜㻛㼞㼡㼘㼑㻛㼓㼡㼕㼐㼑㼘㼕㼚㼑㻛

䜲䞁䝍䞊䝛䝑䝖ㄪᰝရ㉁䜺䜲䝗䝷䜲䞁㼋㼣㼑㼎㻚㼜㼐㼒㻌

参照

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