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地盤-杭の相互作用に関する 水平断面内挙動Soil-pile interaction in horizontal plane

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地盤-杭の相互作用に関する水平断面内挙動

Soil-pile interaction in horizontal plane

〇 井合 進・飛田哲男・Matthew Donahue・中道正人・金子英久

〇 Susumu Iai, Tetsuo Tobita, Matthew Donahue, Masato Nakamichi, Hidehisa Kaneko Two dimensional model tests are performed on a horizontal cross section of a soil-pile system in a pile foundation. The objective of the model tests is to evaluate local soil displacement field in the vicinity of the piles associated with a global displacement of soil around the pile foundation. Two dimensional effective stress analyses in horizontal plane are also performed to generalize the findings from the model tests. An effective stress model based on multiple shear mechanism is used through a computer code FLIP. In dry condition, displacement vectors are directed away from pile front, and displacement at pile side rapidly decreases with an increasing distance from soil pile interface. In undrained condition, displacement field shows vortexes at pile side associated with push-out/pull-in pattern of displacements in front of and behind the pile. Distribution of local soil displacement between piles shows high strain concentration at soil-pile interface.

1.目的 地震時の地盤-杭の相互作用には不明な点が多 く,耐震設計の実務においては,杭の全体的な挙 動に適合する地盤バネを逆算的に算定する簡易法 が用いられているのが現状である.この方法は, 杭や地盤の変位が微小な範囲に留まっていれば, 十分な実用性を有する.しかし,大地震時には地 盤-伴う変位やひずみが大きくなり,杭間の地盤の すりぬけなど,著しい非線形挙動が卓越するよう になるので,地盤バネを用いる簡易法の適用性に は限界があるものと考えられる.そこで,本研究 では,原点に立ち返って,杭-地盤系の変形挙動に 伴う水平断面内の地盤変位分布の詳細を明らかに することを目的とした. 2.杭周辺の地盤変形 本研究のため,厚さ 40mm,幅 500mm,長さ 800mm のアルミ製の土層を用いて,この中に2 次元的な杭-地盤系模型を作成し,杭の変位に伴う 地盤の変形挙動を,透明なアクリル板で作成した 上蓋を通して,計測した.また,実験結果により 得られた多重せん断機構に基づく砂の力学モデル に基づく数値解析を実施した.図-2 に飽和地盤に おける単杭の場合の地盤変位の例を示す. 3.結論 このような実験と数値解析の比較を通じて, 以下のような結論が得られた. (1)乾燥砂の場合には,変位方向に向かって杭前面 の土が前に押出される動きが顕著であり,杭の 横側では,変位が急速に小さくなる.飽和砂の 場合には,図-1 にも示されるとおり,杭の横側 に渦状の変形パターンが表れる. (2)杭の横側の変位の分布におけるせん断ひずみ は,杭表面近傍の箇所に集中している 図-1 杭周辺の水平断面内での地盤変位の実験 結果(上)と解析結果(下)

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