Jane Eyre : An Autobiographyの構成

(1)

その他のタイトル The Structure of Jane Eyre : An Autobiography

著者山下雅史

雑誌名英米文學英語學論集

巻 9

ページ 1‑31

発行年 2020‑03‑19

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10112/00020143

(2)

1 [◊✲ㄽᩥ]

Jane Eyre: An Autobiography ࡢᵓᡂ

ᗎ❶

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔㸸⮬ླྀఏ࠘ (Jane Eyre: An Autobiography) ࡣ࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࡢዪᛶసᐙࢩ

࣮ࣕࣟࢵࢺ࣭ࣈࣟࣥࢸ (Charlotte Brontë) ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭩࠿ࢀࡓᑠㄝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ1847ᖺ10᭶16᪥

࡟ࢫ࣑ࢫ࣭࢚ࣝࢲ࣮♫ (Smith, Elder & Co.) ࠿ࡽฟ∧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ๪㢟࡛♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠾ࡾࠊ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡣ⮬ླྀఏ࡛࠶ࡿࠋึ∧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᙼዪࡣ࣮࣭࢝ࣛ࣋ࣝ (Currer Bell) ࡜

࠸࠺ഇྡࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ (Jane Rochester) ࡜࠸࠺ูࡢே≀ࡀ᭩࠸ࡓ⮬ླྀ

ఏࢆ⮬ศࡀ⦅㞟ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺య⿢ࢆྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࢆㄞ

ࡴ᫬࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᯫ✵ࡢࠕస⪅ࠖࡢᏑᅾࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ30ṓࡢ᫬࡟⮬ศࡢே⏕ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡗ࡚᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᙼዪࡀ30ᖺ㛫

࡟⤒㦂ࡋࡓࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋዟᮧ┿⣖ࡣࠕㄒࡾᡭࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ

⮬ศࡀㄒࡾࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣㄒࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆㄒࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ༑ศ࡟ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ

㸦110㸧࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡣࠊ≀ㄒࡢ⯙ྎ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᐙ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓ5ࡘࡢ㒊ศ࡟ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜

ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢศࡅ᪉࡟ᇶ࡙ࡅࡤࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢ࠶ࡽࡍࡌࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

᭱ึࡢ⯙ྎࡣࠊࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ (Gateshead Hall) ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨4❶ࡲ࡛

ࡢ㒊ศ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ10ṓ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᙼዪࡢᐙྡࡣ࢚࢔

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡣᏙඣ࡛࠶ࡾࠊぶᡉࡢ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻ (Mrs Reed) ࡀᙼዪࢆ㣴⫱ࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ㣴⫱⪅ࡢ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻ࠿ࡽགྷ௓⪅ᢅ࠸ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡣ୙ᖾ࡛࠶

ࡿ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻࡣ⸆๣ᖌࡢ࣑ࢫࢱ࣭ࣟ࢖ࢻ (Mr Lloyd) ࡢᥦ᱌ࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔 (Lowood Orphan Asylum) ࡟ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆỴࡵࡿࠋ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭ࣜ

࣮ࢻࡀ㣴⫱㝔ࡢ⟶⌮⪅࡛࠶ࡿࣈࣟࢵࢡࣝࣁ࣮ࢫࢺ (Brocklehurst) ࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࡣேࢆࡔ

ࡲࡍⒷࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࿌ࡆࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࡑࢀࢆྰᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻ࡟ᑐࡋ

࡚ึࡵ࡚཯ᢠࡍࡿࠋ

ḟ࡟⥆ࡃ➨5❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴

⫱㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ὶ⾜⑓ࡀ⶝ᘏࡋࡓฟ᮶஦࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㣴⫱㝔ࡢຎᝏ࡞⎔ቃ࡟

ࡼࡗ࡚ከᩘࡢ⏕ᚐࡀὶ⾜⑓࡛≛≅࡟࡞ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࣈࣟࢵࢡࣝࣁ࣮ࢫࢺࡣ㣴⫱㝔ࡢ⟶⌮⪅࡜

ࡋ࡚ࡢ❧ሙࢆኻ࠺ࠋࡇࡢฟ᮶஦ࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟㣴⫱㝔ࡣᨵၿࡉࢀ࡚෌⏕ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ࣮ࣟ࢘

ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ6ᖺ㛫ࢆ⏕ᚐ࡜ࡋ࡚㐣ࡈࡋࠊࡑࡋ࡚ඃ⚽࡞ᡂ⦼ࢆ࠾ࡉࡵ

ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽᩍᖌࡢ⫋ࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀ࡚2ᖺ㛫ാࡃࠋࡋ࠿ࡋᙼዪࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢᚰࡢᨭ࠼࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸

ࡓ࣑ࢫ࣭ࢸࣥࣉࣝ (Miss Temple) ࡀ㣴⫱㝔ࢆཤࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⮬ศࡶ㣴⫱㝔ࢆཤࢁ࠺࡜⪃

ᒣ ୗ 㞞 ྐ

(3)

2

࠼ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ (Thornfield Hall) ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐙᗞᩍᖌ (governess) ࡢ⫋ࢆᚓࡿࠋ

ࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡣ➨11❶࠿ࡽ➨27❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ⯙ྎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ࢔ࢹ࣭ࣝ

ࣦ࢓ࣛࣥࢫ (Adèle Varens) ࡜࠸࠺ዪࡢᏊࡢᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚㞠ࢃࢀࡿࠋ࢔ࢹࣝࡀࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ

ࢆヰࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࢆヰࡏࡿᐙᗞᩍᖌࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࡇࡢࢯ࣮

ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࡛࢚࣍ࣝࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ (Edward Rochester) ࡜࠸࠺ࡇࡢᐙࡢ୺

ே࡜ฟ఍࠸ࠊᙼ࡜ᜊ࡟ⴠࡕࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚㞠ࢃࢀࡓ㌟࡛࠶ࡿ࡟ࡍࡂ࡞࠸࡟

ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣᙼዪࢆᐙேࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᢅ࠸ࠊᙼዪࡣ⿱⚟࡛ᖾࡏ࡞⏕άࢆ㏦ࡿࠋ

࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢṚࡀ㏕ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᝅࡾࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ

ࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࠿ࡽࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࿧ࡧᐤࡏࡿࠋ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢུ∗

࡛࠶ࡿࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ (John Eyre) ࡢᡭ⣬ࢆࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ᡭΏࡋࠊࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣὶ

⾜⑓࡛Ṛࢇࡔ࡜ბࢆࡘ࠸ࡓ࡜࿌ⓑࡍࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣᙼࡢᡭ⣬ࢆㄞࡳࠊᙼࡀṚᚋ࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

࡬㑇⏘ࢆΏࡑ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡿࠋ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟ᡠࡾࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜⤖፧ࡢ⣙᮰ࢆࡍࡿࠋᙼዪࡣ

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬ศࡢུ∗࡛࠶ࡿࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࡟ᡭ⣬ࢆ㏦ࡗ࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋࡑ ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ᘧࢆ㏄࠼ࡿࡀࠊᙼ࡟ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ࣂ࣮ࢧ (Bertha) ࡜࠸࠺ጔࡀ࠾ࡾࠊ ᙼࡀ㔜፧ࢆィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᘧࡢ᭱୰࡟ุ᫂ࡍࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣᙼࢆឡࡋࡘࡘࡶࠊࢯ࣮ࣥ

ࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࢆཤࡿࠋ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣᨺᾉࡢᯝ࡚࡟㣚࠼ࡓ≧ែ࡛࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ (Moor House) ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡁࠊࢭࣥ

ࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ (St John) ࡜ᙼࡢጒࡓࡕ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຓࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫࡣࠊ➨28❶࠿ࡽ

➨35❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ (Jane Elliott) ࡜࠸

࠺ഇྡࢆ⏝࠸࡞ࡀࡽ࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡛㐣ࡈࡍࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࠊᙼ⮬㌟ࡀస ࡗࡓᏛᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡜࠸࠺⫋࡜ఫࡲ࠸ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᩍᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚㐣ࡈࡍ㛫࡟ࠊࢭࣥࢺ 㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣᙼዪࡢᮏᙜࡢẶྡࢆ✺ࡁṆࡵࠊᙼዪࡀ⮬ศࡢᚑጒ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜▱ࡿࠋࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢུ∗࡛࠶ࡿࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᙼዪࡣࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡢ㑇⏘ࡢ┦⥆

⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ᤚࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡀᙼዪࡢᚑ඗࡛࠶ࡿࡇ

࡜࡜ࠊࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡢ㑇⏘ࢆᙼዪࡀ┦⥆࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆఏ࠼ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⮬ศࡢᚑ඗ጒ࡟

ฟ఍࠼ࡓࡇ࡜࡟႐ࡧࠊࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡢ㑇⏘ࢆᙼࡽ࡜ศࡅྜ࠺ࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣ࢖ࣥࢻ࡬ᐉᩍ࡟⾜ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟⮬ศࡢጔ࡜ࡋ࡚

ᐉᩍࡢ᪑࡟ྠ⾜ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋᙼዪࡣࠊࡑࢀࢆᣄྰࡋࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࢆࡉࡀࡋ࡟

ฟࡿࠋ

᭱ᚋࡢ⯙ྎࡣࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮ (Ferndean Manor) ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࣂ࣮ࢧ ࡀࡍ࡛࡟ஸࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡀࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓࡇ

࡜ࢆ▱ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࡑࡇ࡛ᙼ࡜෌఍ࡋ࡚ࠊᙼ࡜ྜἲⓗ࡟⤖፧ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤖፧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ ᙼዪࡢẶྡࡣࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡉ࡚ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢ≀ㄒࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢ⤖፧࡛⤊ࢃࡿࡇ

(4)

3

࡜࠿ࡽࠊ୍⯡࡟ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡣᜊឡᑠㄝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ࡢ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋ

ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡟ࡣ୙せ࡞ᩥ❶ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢ᭱ᚋ࡟ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࢆ㈶⨾ࡍࡿゝⴥࡀ᭩ࡁ㐃ࡡࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ ᙼࡢゝⴥ࡛⥾ࡵࡃࡃࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡢ㒊ศ࡜࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵ

ࢻ㣴⫱㝔ࡢ㒊ศࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᗂᑡᮇࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤖፧ࡢ⤒⦋࡜㛵ಀࡀ࡞࠸ࠋࢪ࢙࢖

ࣥࡣࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜▱ࡾྜࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋึࡵ࡚࢚ࢻ

࣮࣡ࢻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝཬࡉࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊ➨11❶࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ᫬ᮇ࡜⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡜࡟ࡣࠊ୙⮬↛ࡉࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ30ṓ

࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⤖፧ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ10ᖺᚋ࡟⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⤖፧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥ

ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ10ᖺ㛫ࢆࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺Ặྡ

࡛⏕ࡁ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࡣࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡜

࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ┠ⓗࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜ࡢ⤖፧

ࡢ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࡣࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡼࡾࡶࠕࢪ࢙࢖

࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࠖࡢ᪉ࡀ⮬↛࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⤖፧ࡍࡿ┦ᡭࢆ᭱

ᚋࡲ࡛ㄞ⪅࡟᫂࠿ࡉ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࢆࠕࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࠖ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ┠ⓗࡣࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ࡢ⤒

⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢసရ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

ࡢ┠ⓗࢆ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ࡢ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢసရࡢᵓᡂࡸ㢟

ྡࡣࠊࡑࡢ┠ⓗ࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡇࡢసရࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࡣࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ (Eyre) ࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊᙼዪ⮬㌟௨ እ࡟ࡶࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ྡࢆᣢࡘேࠎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚➨3❶࠿ࡽゝཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࡇࡢస ရ࡟࠾࠸࡚ฟ఍࠺ேࠎࡢ୰࡛ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ྡࢆᣢࡘࡢࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࣭ࣦࣜ࢓

࣮ࢬ (St John Eyre Rivers) ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᮏㄽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࡢࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡀ30ṓࡢ᫬࡟⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡁࡗ

࠿ࡅ࡜┠ⓗࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᙼዪࡀ㐣ࡈࡋࡓ5ࡘࡢᐙࡀ≀ㄒࡢ⯙ྎ࡜ࡋ࡚㑅ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⌮⏤࡟ࡘ࠸

࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

➨➨୍❶ ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡜ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡀᜊឡᑠㄝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ

┠ⓗࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜⤖፧ࡋࡓ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽ

ࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⤖፧ࡋࡓ┦ᡭࡢᐙྡࠕࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࠖ

࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⤖፧ࡋࡓ┦ᡭࢆ≀ㄒࡢ᭱ᚋࡲ࡛

(5)

4

అࡏ࡚࠾ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ពᅗࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࢆࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥ

࢚࢔࡛࠘ࡣ࡞ࡃࠗࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࠘࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡜࠸࠺㢟ྡ࠿ࡽࡣࠊࡲࡿ࡛ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡜ྡ஌ࡾࡓ

࠸ࡇࡔࢃࡾࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊసရࡢグ㏙࠿ࡽࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ⮬㌟࡟ࠕ࢚

࢔ࠖ࡜ྡ஌ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢇࡽ࠿ࡢࡇࡔࢃࡾࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࡣぢ࠼࡞࠸ࠋᙼዪࡣࠊ⤖፧ࡢᢎㅙ

࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡢẶྡࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆཷࡅධࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࢆ⏝࠸࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ఱࡽ࠿ࡢ஦᝟

ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋᮏㄽࡢ➨୍❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋ

࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

୍⠇ ᆅỈⅆ㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ⣲

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࡣࠊேࢆẼ㉁ࡢⅬ࡛ᆅỈⅆ㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ⣲࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜

ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ➨33❶࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢゝⴥ࡟ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ⮬㌟ࡣࠕⅆ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊ௚᪉࡛ࢭ

ࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠕị࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡋ࡚Ⓨࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕịࠖࡣᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࡢ ࠕỈࠖ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

‘But I apprised you that I was a hard man,’ said he, ‘difficult to persuade.’

‘And I am a hard woman – impossible to put off.’

‘And then,’ he pursued, ‘I am cold: no fervour infects me.’

‘Whereas I am hot, and fire dissolves ice. . . .’ ⁽¹⁾

㸦ࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࢃࡓࡋࡣ๓࡟⏦ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᙉ᝟࡞⏨࡛ࡍࡼࠖ࡜ᙼࡣゝࡗࡓࠋࠕㄝᚓࡣᐜ࡛᫆ࡣ

࡞࠸ࠖ

ࠕࢃࡓࡃࡋࡶᙉ᝟࡞ዪ࡛ࡍ̿̿ࡐࡗࡓ࠸࠶ࡁࡽࡵࡲࡏࢇࠖ

ࠕࡑࢀ࡟ࠖ࡜ᙼࡣゝⴥࢆࡘ࠸ࡔࠋࠕࢃࡓࡋࡣ෭ࡓ࠸ࠋ࡝ࢇ࡞࡟⇕࠸ࡶࡢ࡟ࡶᖹẼ࡛ࡍࠖ

ࠕ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࢃࡓࡃࡋࡣ⇕࠸ࠊⅆࡣịࢆ⁐࠿ࡋࡲࡍࠋ͐ࠖ㸧

≀ㄒࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⮬ศࡢឤ᝟࡟ᚑ࠺ே≀࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௚᪉࡛ࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣឤ᝟ࡢ 㧗ࡲࡾࢆᢚ࠼⌮ᛶ࡟ᚑ࠺ே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋឤ᝟࡟ᚑ࠺Ẽ㉁ࡣࠕⅆࠖࢆ㐃᝿ࡉࡏࡿࠋỈࡣⅆࢆᾘ ࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊឤ᝟ࡢ㧗ࡲࡾࢆᢚ࠼⌮ᛶ࡟ᚑ࠺Ẽ㉁ࡣࠕỈ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ

࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢẼ㉁ࡀࠕⅆ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢẼ㉁ࡣࠕỈ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ

࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢ≀ㄒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿ࢆㄞ⪅࡟᝿ീࡉࡏࡿᐙྡࢆ

ᣢࡘே≀ࡀ࠸ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢᐙྡࠕࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬࠖ (Rivers) ࡣࠊᙼࡀࠕỈࠖ

ࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆᐜ᫆࡟᝿ീࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡ

ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ (Eyre) ࡢⓎ㡢ࡣࠊair㸦✵Ẽ㸧࡜࠸࠺༢ㄒࢆᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿ࡤࡏࡿࠋᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࡢ⪃࠼࡟࠾

(6)

5

࠸࡚ࠊ✵Ẽࡣࠕ㢼ࠖ࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ⮬㌟ࡀࠊᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࢆ᝿ീࡉࡏࡿᐙྡࢆ

ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋேࢆᅄ኱ඖ⣲࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼ࡀࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟࠶ࡗࡓ࡞

ࡽࡤࠊᙼዪࡣࠊⓏሙே≀ࡢᐙྡ࡜ᅄ኱ඖ⣲࡜ࢆ⤖ࡧࡘࡅ࡚⪃࠼ࡓ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

஧⠇ ⤖፧ᚋࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡࠕࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࠖ

୺ேබࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ≀ㄒࡢ⤊ࢃࡾ࡛࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜⤖፧ࡍࡿࠋⓑ஭⩏᫛

ࡣࠕࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᙼࡢྡ๓ࡢࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮㸦Rochester㸧ࡔࡀࠊࡇࢀࡀ࣮࣐ࣟ㌷ࡢࠕ࡜ࡾ࡛ࠖࢆព࿡ࡋࠊ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠕᒾࠖࢆᬯ♧ࡍࡿࠊྂⱥㄒࡢHrofesceaster࠿ࡽฟ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ ࡇࡢྡ๓ࡢᣢࡕ୺ࡣຊᙉࡃ㡹ᙉ࡞⏨࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ☜࠿࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࣟࢳ

࢙ࢫࢱ࣮Ặࢆࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦122㸧

ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࡀࠕᒾࠖࢆᬯ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ᐙࡢேࠎࡣᆅỈⅆ 㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࡢࠕᆅࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࠕ࡜ࡾ࡛ࠖࡸࠕᒾࠖࡣࠊ⮬ࡽࡀື

ࡃࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡲࡓ௚⪅ࡀᐜ᫆࡟ື࠿ࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡࡣࠊ⤖፧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࢚࢔࠿ࡽࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡟ኚࢃࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ ࠕ✵Ẽࠖ࡜ࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆኻ࠸ࠊ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠕᆅࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᚓࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖

࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣࠊ⤖፧ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ10ᖺᚋ࡟ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ10ᖺ 㛫ࡣᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊኵ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࣇ࢛࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟ఫࡳ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

୺せ࡞Ⓩሙே≀ࡓࡕࡢᐙྡࡢ୰࡛ࠕᆅࠖࢆ᝿ീࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࣓࢖ࢫࣥ

(Mason) ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋMasonࡣ▼ࢆྲྀࡾᢅ࠺⫋ᴗࡢྡ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕᆅࠖ࡟㛵㐃ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣟࢳ࢙

ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࠸࠺ྡࡀึࡵ࡚Ⓩሙࡍࡿࡢࡣ➨11❶࡛࠶ࡾࠊ➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡛Ⓩ

ሙࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊ࣓࢖ࢫࣥ࡜࠸࠺ྡࡣ➨19❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ึࡵ࡚Ⓩሙࡋࠊ➨1❶࠿

ࡽ➨18❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡟ࡣⓏሙࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࣓࢖ࢫࣥ࡜࠸࠺ࠕᆅࠖࢆ᝿ീࡉࡏࡿᐙྡ࡟ࡣࠊ≀ㄒࡢ➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶

ࡲ࡛ࡣⓏሙࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ඹ㏻Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡣ38ࡢ❶࠿ࡽᵓᡂࡉࢀ

࡚࠾ࡾࠊ➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศࡣ඲యࡢ࠾ࡼࡑ4ศࡢ1࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ

≀ㄒ඲యࡢ࠾ࡼࡑ4ศࡢ1࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ㒊ศࡣࠊࠕᆅࠖࢆ᝿ീࡉࡏࡿᐙྡ࡜ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃ㛵ಀࡀ

࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ㒊ศࢆ⮬ླྀఏ࡟ຍ࠼ࡿࡢ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࡣࠕᆅࠖࢆ᝿ീࡉࡏࡿᐙྡࡣ 㐺ࡉ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࡣࠕࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࠖ࡜࠸

࠺ᐙྡࡀ౑ࢃࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

(7)

6

୕⠇ ⤖፧๓ࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ

➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊస⪅ࠕࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࠖࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ18ṓ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ

ࢁࡲ࡛ࡢே⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⤖፧ࡋࡓ┦ᡭ࡛࠶ࡿࣟࢳ࢙ࢫ ࢱ࣮࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᭩࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ㒊ศࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⤖፧ࡢ⤒⦋

ࡢㄝ᫂࡟ࡣ୙せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚➨1❶࠿ࡽ➨10❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ

⤖፧ࡢ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺┠ⓗࡢࡓࡵ࡟᭩࠿ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔࡛㐣ࡈࡋࡓ8ᖺ㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ゝ ཬࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢ8ᖺ㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᙼዪࡣࠊ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔ࡀࢳࣇࢫ (typhus) ࡢ⶝

ᘏᚋ࡟෌⏕ࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ⮬ศࡀ㣴⫱㝔࡛ᩍᖌࡢ⫋ࢆᚓࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ➨10❶࡟࠾࠸࡚⡆₩࡟㏙

࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ8ᖺ㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࠊᙼዪࡣࠊ㣴⫱㝔ࡢᩍᖌ࡜࠸࠺⫋

ࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ฟ᮶஦ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢฟ᮶஦ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᙼዪࡢ⤒Ṕࢆ

ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺┠ⓗࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣḞ࠿ࡏ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᙼዪࡣࠊࡇ ࡢฟ᮶஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヲࡋࡃㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋᙼዪࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ┠ⓗࡀࠊ ᙼዪ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒Ṕࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࢀࡣ୙⮬↛࡞Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ10ᖺ㛫ࡢே⏕࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩

ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆពᅗⓗ࡟㑊ࡅࡓࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ┤㏆ࡢ10ᖺ㛫

ࢆᛀࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣ⪃࠼㞴࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼዪࡣࠊ⤖፧ᚋࡢ10ᖺ㛫ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆヲࡋࡃࡣ᭩࠸࡚

࠸࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢどຊࡀᅇ᚟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡜ࠊᙼ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟Ꮚ౪ࢆᤵ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ

࡜࡜ࢆ᭱ᚋࡢ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ㄞ⪅࡟ఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡣࠊࡑࡢ㢟ྡࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔㸸⮬ླྀఏ࠘ࡀ♧ࡍ࡜࠾ࡾࠊᙼ ዪࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡜࠸࠺ே≀ࡢ≀ㄒࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࠊ࡜࠸࠺

ࡇ࡜ࢆㄞ⪅࡟♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙼዪࡢ⮬ླྀఏ࡛ㄒࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≀ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᭱ᚋࡢฟ᮶஦ࡣࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⤖፧ࡢሗ࿌࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜࡞ࡿ

࡜ࡇࢁ࡛≀ㄒࡣ⤊ࢃࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱ᚋࡢ❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ≀ㄒ࡟Ⓩሙࡋ ࡓேࠎࡀ⮬ศࡢ⤖፧ᚋ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡗࡓ㐠࿨࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゐࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡿࡀࠊヲࡋࡃࡣ᭩࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔㸸⮬ླྀఏ࠘ࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡜࠸࠺ே≀ࡢ≀ㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ᫂

ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡜ࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡓ᫬ᮇ࡟㝈ᐃ ࡋ࡚⮬ࡽࡢ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩ࡃఱ࠿ࡋࡽࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᙼዪࡀࠕ࢚

࢔ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࢆ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ຍ࠼ࡓࡇ࡜࡟㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

ᅄ⠇ ≀ㄒࡢෆᐜࢆ♧ࡍࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ

Eyre㸦࢚࢔㸧ࡢㄒ※ࡣࠊࠕ᪑ࡍࡿࠖ (to journey) ࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࣛࢸࣥㄒࡢiterare࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦“eyre, n.”㸧ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢚࢔ᐙࡢேࠎࡣ᪑ேࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྛᆅࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸

(8)

7

ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢུ∗࡛࠶ࡿࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡣࠊၟே࡜ࡋ࡚ྛᆅࢆΏࡾṌ࠸࡚㈈⏘ࢆ⠏ࡁୖࡆ

࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᚑ඗࡛࠶ࡿࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࣭ࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢻ࡬ᐉᩍࡢ᪑

࡟ฟࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡶ≀ㄒࡢ୰࡛᪑ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜⤖፧ࡍࡿࡲ࡛5ࡘࡢ ᐙࢆ⛣ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊEyreࡢⓎ㡢࠿ࡽ㐃᝿ࡉࢀࡿerrࡢㄒ※ࡣࠊࠕ㐨࡟㏞࠺ࠖࡸࠕᨺᾉࡍࡿࠖࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ

ࣛࢸࣥㄒࡢerrare࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦“err, v.”㸧ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࠿ࡽฟ࡚࣒࣮

࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡃࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫ࠊᨺᾉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㟷ᒣㄔᏊࡣࠕྠࡌㄒ※ࢆᣢࡘ ‘errant’ ࡟ ࡣෑ㝤ⓗ㐢Ṕࡢព࿡ࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ㸦125㸧࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ୺ேබࡢࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡟ࡣࠊ࢚࢔࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᒃሙ ᡤࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡍࡿ᪑ேࡢẼ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ᐙྡࠕ࢚

࢔ࠖࢆຍ࠼ࡓࡢࡣࠊㄒ※ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡀᒃሙᡤࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ࡜

࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ࡉࡽ࡟Emily Eellsࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡࡣࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢᩥᏐRࡢྠ㡢␗ᙧ␗⩏ㄒ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

ࡇࡢᩥᏐRࡀࠊ࣮ࣜࢻᐙࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᣄ⤯࠿ࡽࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ኵே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ᭱⤊ⓗ࡞ᆅ఩ࡲ

࡛ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᐙ᪘ࢆ᥈ࡋồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦par. 2㸧ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࡣ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔࡛ࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࢆᏛࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢᩥᏐ࡜Ⓨ㡢ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ (Eyre) ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡣࠊ⮬ླྀఏ ࡢ㢟ྡ࡛≀ㄒࡢᵓᡂࢆ࡯ࡢࡵ࠿ࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀពᅗࡋࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ

࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊEyre ࡢㄒ※࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿⓎ㡢ࡢⅬ࠿ࡽࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖

࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡀᐙ᪘ࢆ᥈ࡋồࡵ࡚ᒃᡤࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺≀ㄒࡢෆᐜࢆᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔࡛ࠖ♧ࡍࡇ

࡜ࢆពᅗࡋ࡚ࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࢆࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡜ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

஬⠇ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢࠕ✵Ẽࠖ࡜ࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࢆヰࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᙼዪࡣࠊࡇࡢ⬟ຊࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚

࠸ࡓࠊ࢔ࢹࣝࡢᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡜ࡋ࡚㞠ࢃࢀࡓࠋ࢔ࢹࣝࡀࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࢆヰࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ࢔ࢹࣝࡢ ᐙᗞᩍᖌࡣࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࢆヰࡏ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ➨11❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ

⮬ศࡢᐙྡ Eyre㸦࢚࢔㸧ࢆࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡟㡢ヂࡋࡓ⥛ࡾࢆ࢔ࢹࣝࡢゝⴥࡢ୰࡛♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࢔ࢹࣝࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢẶྡࢆ⪺࠸࡚ࠊࡍࡄࡉࡲAire࡜ࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡟㡢ヂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ Aireࡢ⥛ࡾ࠿ࡽࡣairࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢair࡜࠸࠺༢ㄒࡣࠊⱥㄒࡢ air࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ༢ㄒ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࠕ✵Ẽࠖࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࠋ㸦“air¹”㸧ࡲࡓࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊAire ࡣⓎ㡢ࡢⅬ࡛air࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦“aire”㸧ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ࢔ࢹࣝࡀ

⮬ศࡢᐙྡEyreࢆ㡢ヂࡋࡓゝⴥࢆ᭩ࡃ㝿࡟ࠊAire࡜Airࡢ2ࡘࡢ⥛ࡾࢆᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿࡭ࡓ࡛࠶

ࢁ࠺ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࠊ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࠊ⮬ศࡢᐙྡEyre࠿ࡽࠕ✵Ẽࠖ

ࢆ㐃᝿ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

(9)

8

୰ᒸὒࡣࠕ࢚࢔㸦Eyre㸧࡜࠸࠺ྡᏐࡣࠗ✵Ẽ࠘㸦air㸧ࡢ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ㸦71㸧࡜ᣦ

᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ✵Ẽ࡟ࡣࠊ௚ࡢࡶࡢ࡟ᨭ㓄ࡉࢀࡎ࡟⮬⏤ዑᨺ࡟⛣ືࡍࡿ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ✵

Ẽࡶ୍ࡘࡢሙᡤ࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡾ⥆ࡅ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㢼࡜ࡋ࡚ᖖ࡟ྛᆅࢆ᪑ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿

ࡽࠊ࢚࢔࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢࠕ✵Ẽࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᛶ㉁ࢆᬯ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⾜ືⓗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ௚⪅ࡢᨭ㓄ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡞࠸ᛶ᱁ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻࡸࢪ࣭࣮ࣙࣥࣜࢻ (John Reed) ࡢᨭ 㓄࡟᢬ᢠࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ᝟⇕ⓗ࡞ே≀࡛࠶ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡢ⮬⏤ࢆዣ࠺ே≀࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⃭ࡋࡃ᢬ᢠࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ ࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊᆅỈⅆ㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࡢࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ

ࢃࢀࡿࠋ୰ᒸὒࡣࠊᙼዪࡢ᝟⇕ⓗ࡞Ẽ㉁࡜ᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢᐙ᪘ྡࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚ᙼዪࡢ⃭ࡋ࠸᝟⇕ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

✵Ẽࡣᮏ᮶⮬⏤ዑᨺࠊẼࡲࡲ࡟ᚠ⎔ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᅽ⦰ࡉࢀࡓࡾ⃰⦰ࡉࢀࡓࡾࡍ

ࡿ࡜⇕ࡸ⅖࡜࡞ࡿᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡢ᝟⇕ࡢᮏ㉁ࡣࠊࡲࡉ࡟ᅽ⦰ࡉࢀ࡚࡛

ࡁࡓ⅖࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ࠸ࡘࡶ㐲ࡃࡢୡ⏺ࡸእࡢୡ⏺࡟៿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊᙼዪࡢᕼᮃ ࡀ࠿࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠺ࡕࡣࠊ࠾࡜࡞ࡋࡃ⌮ᛶⓗ࡞ே≀࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᙼዪࡢ㐍㊰ࢆሰࡀࢀࡿ࡜

≬ேࡢࡼ࠺࡟᢬ᢠࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦73-75㸧

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᣢࡘᐙྡEyre㸦࢚࢔㸧ࡣࠊṔྐⓗ࡞⥛ࡾࡢᙧ࠿ࡽࡶࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋEyre㸦࢚࢔㸧ࡣࠊࣛࢸࣥㄒࡢiterareࢆㄒ※࡜ࡋࠊྂࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒࡢeireࢆ㏻

ࡋ࡚ⱥㄒ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࡽࢀࡓ༢ㄒ࡛࠶ࡾࠊⱥㄒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶeire࡜⥛ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ᫬ᮇࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 㸦“eyre, n.”㸧ࡇࡢeire࡜࠸࠺eyreࡢྂ࠸ᙧ࠿ࡽࡣࠊire㸦ᛣࡾ㸧࡜࠸࠺ⱥ༢ㄒࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢire㸦ᛣࡾ㸧ࡣࠊfemale㸦ዪᛶ㸧ࡢfࡀຍ࠼ࡽࢀࢀࡤࠊfire㸦ⅆ㸧࡟࡞ࡿࠋ ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊEyreࢆᐙྡ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣢࡘዪᛶࡣࠊࠕᛣࡾࠖࢆぬ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࡀᙉࡃ⾲ࢀ

ࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣዪᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨4❶࡟

࠾࠸࡚ᙼዪࡣࠊ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻ࡟ᛣࡾࢆぬ࠼ࠊឤ᝟ࢆ⃭ࡋࡃ⾲࡟ฟࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭ࣜ

࣮ࢻ࡟཯ᢠࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬⏤ዑᨺ࡞ࠕ✵ẼࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⮬ศࡢ⮬⏤ࢆዣࢃࢀࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠕᛣ

ࡾࠖࢆぬ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᚓ࡚ࠊ⃭ࡋࡃ᢬ᢠࡍࡿࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀ ࡗ࡚ᆅỈⅆ㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ⣲ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡣ⮬⏤࡟᪑ࢆࡍࡿࠕ✵ẼࠖࡢẼ㉁

ࢆᣢࡕࠊ௚⪅࠿ࡽᢚᅽࡉࢀࡓ᫬࡟⃭ࡋࡃ᢬ᢠࡍࡿࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠊ

࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

භ⠇ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡀඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࢆẶྡ࡟ᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே≀ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡔࡅ

(10)

9

࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡶ⮬ศࡢẶྡ࡟ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨33❶࡟࠾

࠸࡚ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊഇྡࢆ౑ࡗ࡚㎶㒥࡞ᮧ࡛㐣ࡈࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ⮬ศࡀࢪ࢙࢖

࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡛࠶ࡿ࡜≉ᐃࡉࢀࡓ⤒⦋࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ヰࡋ࡚ࡶࡽ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᙼࡢㄝ ᚓࢆヨࡳࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࡢྡࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ඹ㏻

Ⅼࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬ศࡀᙼዪࡢᚑ඗࡛࠶ࡿ࡜᫂࠿ࡍࠋ

‘Well, then,’ he said, ‘I yield; if not to your earnestness, to your perseverance: as stone is worn by continual dropping. Besides, you must know some day – as well now as later. Your name is Jane Eyre?’

‘Of course: that was all settled before.’

‘You are not, perhaps, aware that I am your namesake? – that I was christened St John Eyre Rivers?’ (443; ch. XXXIII)

㸦ࠕࡑ࠺࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡽࠖ࡜ᙼࡣゝࡗࡓࠋࠕᢡࢀࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ⇕ព࡟࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ᰿Ẽ

ࡼࡉ࡟ࡣ㈇ࡅࡲࡋࡓࠋࡓ࠼ࡲ࡞ࡃⴠࡕࡿ㞵ࡔࢀࡣ▼࡟ࡶ✰ࢆ࠺ࡀࡘ࡜ゝ࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡑࢀ

࡟࠶࡞ࡓࡶࠊ㐜࠿ࢀ᪩࠿ࢀ▱ࡽࡡࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡢྡ๓ࡣࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡛ࡍ ࡡ㸽ࠖ

ࠕࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ࡜ࡶࠋࡑࢀࡣࡶ࠺ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇ࠿ࠖ

ࠕ࠾ࡑࡽࡃ࠶࡞ࡓࡣࠊࢃࡓࡋࡀ࠶࡞ࡓ࡜ྠጣ࡞ࡢ࡟Ẽ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡲࡏࢇࡡ㸽 ࢃࡓࡋࡢ Ὑ♩ྡࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࣭ࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍࡼࠖ㸧

Ⓩሙே≀ࡢᐙྡࡀẼ㉁࡟㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡟⾲ࡉ

ࢀࡿẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࠕ✵Ẽࠖ࡜ࠕⅆࠖ

ࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣ࢖ࣥࢻ࡬ᐉᩍࡢ᪑࡟ฟࡿࡇ࡜ࢆክ ぢ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪑ࢆࡍࡿࠕ✵ẼࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᙼࡀᣢࡘࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࡣࢪ࢙࢖

ࣥ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᙼࡶ☜࠿࡟ࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣࠊḟ࡟ᘬ

⏝ࡍࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢ఍ヰ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖

ࣥࡢ┠ࢆぢ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢẼ㉁ࢆㄒࡿࠋ

‘You will not stay at Morton long: no, no!’

‘Why? What is your reason for saying so?’

‘I read it in your eye; it is not of that description which promises the maintenance of an even tenor in life.’

‘I am not ambitious.’

He started at the word ‘ambitious.’ He repeated, ‘No. What made you think of ambition? Who is ambitious? I know I am: but how did you find it out?’

‘I was speaking of myself.’

(11)

10

‘Well, if you are not ambitious, you are—’ He paused.

‘What?’

‘I was going to say, impassioned: but perhaps you would have misunderstood the word, and been displeased. . . .’ (409; ch. XXX)

㸦ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡣ࣮ࣔࢺࣥ࡟ࡑ࠺㛗ࡃࡣ࠸࡞࠸࡞ࠋࡑ࠺ࠊࡑ࠺࡜ࡶࠖ

ࠕ࡞ࡐ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽 ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆ࠾ࡗࡋࡷࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽ࠖ

ࠕ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ┠࡟ࡑ࠺᭩࠸࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ✜ࡸ࠿࡞ே⏕ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜ࡣゝࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠖ

ࠕࢃࡓࡃࡋࡣ㔝ᚰᐙ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠖ

ᙼࡣࠦ㔝ᚰᐙࠨ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥ࡟࠾࡝ࢁ࠸ࡓࡼ࠺ࡔࡗࡓࠋᙼࡣ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡓࠋࠕࡑ࠺࡜ࡶࠋ

࡞ࢇ࡛㔝ᚰᐙ࡞࡝࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆᛮ࠸ࡘ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽 ࡔࢀࡀ㔝ᚰᐙ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽 ࡓࡋ࠿࡟ࢃࡓࡋࡣ㔝ᚰᐙ࡛ࡍࠋ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡀ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺㸽ࠖ

ࠕࢃࡓࡃࡋࡣ⮬ศࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⏦ࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ

ࠕࡑ࠺ࠊ㔝ᚰᐙ࡛࡞࠸࡞ࡽࠊ࠶࡞ࡓࡣ̿̿ࠖᙼࡣཱྀࢆࡘࡄࢇࡔࠋ ࠕ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺㸽ࠖ

ࠕ᝟⇕ᐙࡔ࡜ゝ࠺ࡘࡶࡾࡔࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࠶࡞ࡓࡣࡇࡢゝⴥࢆㄗゎࡋ࡚ࠊẼศࢆᐖࡍࡿ

࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࡡࠋ͐ࠖ㸧

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ᝟⇕ᐙ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣ㔝ᚰᐙ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㔝ᚰᐙࡢẼ㉁ࡣࠊ᝟⇕ᐙࡢ Ẽ㉁࡯࡝⃭ࡋ࠸ࠕⅆࠖࢆᛮ࠸ᾋ࠿ࡤࡏ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࠕⅆࠖࢆ㐃᝿ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡶࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

Ặྡ࡟ࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࢆᣢࡘ࡜࠸࠺ඹ㏻Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞㐪࠸ࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ

=ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟⏕ࡌࡿࡢࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀᐙྡࠕࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬࠖࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶

ࢁ࠺ࠋᐙྡࠕࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬࠖ (Rivers) ࡣࠊᙼࡀࠕỈࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢẶྡ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࡇࡢࠕỈࠖࡢẼ㉁ࡀࠊᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌ

ࡿࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆᢚ࠼㎸ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢᣢࡘࠕⅆࠖ

ࡢẼ㉁ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢࡼ࠺࡞᝟⇕ᐙ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㔝ᚰᐙ࡜࠸࠺ᙧ࡛࠶ࡽࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣࠊᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࡟ࡶࠊࠕỈࠖࡢẼ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿⅬࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡛࡟㏙࡭ࡓ

࡜࠾ࡾࠊ࢔ࢹࣝࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢẶྡࢆࣇࣛࣥࢫㄒ࡛Aire࡜㡢ヂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋAireࡣࠊࠗࢪ࢙

࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢ⯙ྎࡢࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿWest Yorkshireࢆὶࢀࡿᕝࡢྡ๓࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࡣࠕỈࠖࡢẼ㉁ࢆࡶ㐃᝿ࡉࡏࡿࠋࡇࡢࠕ࢚࢔ࠖ࠿ࡽ⏕ࡌࡿࠕỈࠖ

ࡢẼ㉁ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟෭㟼ࡉࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠊ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ᝟

⇕ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ෭㟼ࡉࢆࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࠕⅆࠖࡢẼ㉁ࡢ࠶ࡽࢃࢀ᪉࡟㐪࠸ࡣ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ྠࡌẼ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᆅỈⅆ㢼ࡢᅄ኱ඖ

⣲࡛ேࢆศ㢮ࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࢀࡤࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࢆ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟⏝

(12)

11

࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ྠࡌẼ㉁࡛ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡿே≀࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࢆࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ 㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

➨

➨஧❶ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢពᅗ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ

ᮏㄽࡢ➨୍❶ᅄ⠇࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࡀࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡛࠘࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡣࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࡀᐙ᪘ࢆ᥈ࡋồࡵ࡚ᒃᡤࢆ㌿ࠎ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺≀ㄒࡢෆᐜࢆᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔࡛ࠖ♧ࡍ࡜࠸

࠺ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢពᅗࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏㄽࡢ➨୍❶භ⠇࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ

ࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡀࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ஦᝟࡟ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙ

ࣥࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᑟࡁฟࡋࡓࠋᮏㄽࡢ➨஧❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙ

ࣥ࡜ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࠿ࡽࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜┠ⓗࢆ⪃ᐹࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

୍⠇ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜┠ⓗ

⮬ླྀఏࡢ≀ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᭱ึ࡜᭱ᚋࡢ㒊ศࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋᮏ࡜࠸࠺፹య࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊㄞ⪅ࡣ᭱ึ࡟㢟ྡࢆ┠࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㢟ྡࡣ≀ㄒࡢ᭱

ึࡢ㒊ศ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡢ㢟ྡࡣࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㢟ྡ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐙྡࠕ࢚࢔ࠖࡣࠊඹ㏻ࡢྡࢆᣢࡘே≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ ࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࣭ࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬ࡜ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࡟ㄞ⪅ࡢព㆑ࢆྥࡅࡉ ࡏࡿࠋ௚᪉࡛ࠊ⮬ླྀఏࡢ᭱ᚋࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡸኵ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ ゝⴥ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࢆ㈶⨾ࡍࡿゝⴥࢆ᭩ࡁ㐃ࡡ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙼዪࡢ⮬ླྀఏࡣࠊࢭࣥ

ࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢゝⴥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⥾ࡵࡃࡃࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩࠿ࢀࡓ᭱ᚋࡢ㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㒔␃ಙኵࡣࠊᙼ࡜⤖፧ࡋ࡚ᙼࡢ⏕

ࡁ᪉࡛⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᣄྰࡋࡓ⮬ศࡢ㑅ᢥࡀṇࡋࡃࠊᙼࡢಙࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࣦ࢝ࣝ࢕ࢽࢬ࣒ࡀ ㄗࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᙼ࡟ࡣ⏕ࡁ࡚࠸࡚࡯ࡋࡃ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ᙼዪࡢẼᣢࡕࡀฟ࡚࠸

ࡿࠊ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦215㸧ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᙼዪࡢゝືࡣࡑࢀ࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢭ

ࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥ࡟⤖፧ࡢሗ࿌ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤖፧ᚋࡶᙼ࡜ᡭ⣬ࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࢆఱᗘࡶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑ ࡋ࡚ࠊᙼࡢṚࡀ㏆࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ࿌ࡆࡿᡭ⣬ࢆཷࡅྲྀࡗࡓ᫬ࠊᙼዪࡣᾦࢆὶࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⪃៖ࡍࢀࡤࠊࡴࡋࢁࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢭ

ࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔࣭ࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬࡀࡶ࠺ࡍࡄṚࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺࠿ࡽࡇࡑࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘࡜

㢟ࡋࡓ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣᙉ࠸⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ (Jane) ࡣࢪࣙࣥ (John) ࡢዪᛶᙧ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ஧ே࡜ࡶὙ♩⪅ࣚࣁࢿ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿྡ๓ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉ

ࡽ࡟ࠊ஧ே࡜ࡶ࢚࢔࡜࠸࠺ᐙྡࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ඹ㏻Ⅼࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ஧ேࡣᚑ඗ጒ࡛

(13)

12

࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ஧ே࡟ࡣ⾑ࡢࡘ࡞ࡀࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ặྡ࡜⾑⦕ࡢ୧᪉ࡢⅬ࡛⤖ࡧ௜࠸࡚

࠸ࡿⓏሙே≀ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢ஧ேࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ஧ே࡟ࡣ≉

ู࡞ᙉ࠸⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊᙼዪࡀ㣚࠼࡚ಽࢀ࡚࠸

ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࢆᩆࡗࡓே≀࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊᙼዪ࡟⤖፧ࢆ⏦ࡋ㎸ࢇࡔ⏨ᛶ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿

ࡽࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࢆ⮬ศ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚≉ู࡞ே≀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡣ

ࡲࡗࡓࡃ୙ᛮ㆟࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢṚࡀ㏕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᡭ⣬࡛ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ఏ࠼ࡓࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙

࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚≉ู࡞ேࡀࡶ࠺ࡍࡄṚࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺㐠࿨࡟࠶ࡿ࡜▱ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࠊᙼ࡟ࡘ

࠸࡚⮬ศࡢ▱ࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡇ࠺࡜ࡋࡓࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ

࢔࠘ࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵ࡟᭩࠿ࢀࡓసရ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࢆ㈶⨾ࡍࡿゝⴥࡀ≀

ㄒࡢ᭱ᚋࡢ㒊ศ࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡁࡗ࠿ࡅࡣࠊᙼዪࡀࢭ

ࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࠿ࡽࡢ᭱ᚋࡢᡭ⣬ࢆཷࡅྲྀࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

஧⠇ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢே⏕࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡢ᥋Ⅼ

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ศࡢே⏕࡟࠾࠸࡚ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜㛵ࢃࡾྜ࠸ࡢ࠶ࡗࡓ᫬ᮇࡣࠊ ᙼዪࡀ࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡜࣮ࣔࢺࣥ (Morton) ࡟࠸ࡓ᫬ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ ࡇ࡜ࡔࡅࢆ᭩ࡃ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟㛵ಀࡢ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ㄝ࡛᫂ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ」ᩘ࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼

ࡤࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊᙼࡽࡢུ∗ࡢࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡢ㑇⏘ࢆศ๭ࡋ࡚┦⥆ࡍࡿ

ࡀࠊࡑࡢ㑇⏘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡢ࣑ࢭࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࢻ࡜ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

࡜ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟Ꮫᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡜࠸࠺⫋

ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ⤒⦋ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊᙼዪࡀ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ᩍᖌࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡇ࡜ࡶ᭩࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᙼዪࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜Ỵูࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ

ࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍࠺๓࡟ࠊᙼዪࡀࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ኵࡢ

ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜ฟ఍ࡗ࡚ᙼࢆឡࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭

࣮࣍ࣝࠊ࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻ㣴⫱㝔ࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡢ3ࡘࡢᐙ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ᫬ࡢࡇ࡜

ࡶ᭩࠿ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡣᙼዪ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊࢤ࢖ࢶ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓᗂᑡ ᮇ࠿ࡽ⮬ศࡢே⏕ࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡗ࡚᭩ࡃࡇ࡜࡜㐪࠸ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ླྀ

ఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜⤖፧ࡋࡓࡇࢁࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣ࢖ࣥࢻ࡬ᐉᩍࡢ᪑࡟

ฟࡓࠋࡑࢀ࠿ࡽ10ᖺ㛫ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣ࢖ࣥࢻ࠿ࡽ࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ࡬ᡠࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࡣᡭ⣬ࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࢆࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛఍࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦᝟࠿ࡽࠊ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜⤖፧ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࡢ10ᖺ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ

࡟㛵ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣヲࡋࡃࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡺ࠼࡟ᙼዪࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭ࣥࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚

⏕ࡁ࡚ࡁࡓ┤㏆ࡢ10ᖺ㛫ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᭩ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆ㑊ࡅࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

(14)

13

௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ┠ⓗ࡜ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

⮬ศࡀ▱ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡃࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

➨➨୕❶ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ

ᮏㄽࡢ➨஧❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ླྀఏࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ┠ⓗࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ

࠸࡚ᙼዪࡀ▱ࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ௬ᐃࡀṇࡋࡅࢀࡤࠊࡑ ࡢ┠ⓗࢆᯝࡓࡍࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊᙼዪࡀ㐣ࡈࡋࡓࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᐙ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ㒊ศ࡟࠾࠸

࡚᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᮏㄽࡢ➨୕❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࢆ

⯙ྎ࡜ࡍࡿ➨11❶࠿ࡽ➨27❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡜ࠊࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮ࢆ⯙ྎ࡜ࡍࡿ➨

36❶࠿ࡽ➨38❶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚☜࠿ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

୍⠇ ࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ

୍㡯 ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡢฟ఍࠸

ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬ศࡢ▱ࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡃ࡞ࡽࡤࠊᙼ ዪࡣᙼ࡜ࡢฟ఍࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩࠿ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ㔜፧ࢆィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡

ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢᡭࡀཬࡤ࡞࠸ሙᡤ࡬㏨ࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟㤿㌴࡟஌ࡿࠋᙼዪࡣ⮬ศࡢᡤᣢ㔠ࢆ

㤿㌴ࡢ㐠㈤࡛౑࠸ᯝࡓࡋࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ఫࡲ࠸࡜⫋ࢆồࡵ࡚஧᪥㛫ᨺᾉࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡿࠋᨺᾉࡢ 㛫ࠊᙼዪࡣ2ᅇࡔࡅࡋ࠿㣗࡭≀ࢆཱྀ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ㣚࠼࡟ⱞࡋࡴࠋᨺᾉࡢᯝ࡚࡟ࠊ ᙼዪࡣ࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡃࡀࠊྊ౑ࡢࣁࢼ (Hannah) ࡟㏣࠸㏉ࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࢪ࢙

࢖ࣥࡀ⮬ศࡢṚࢆぬᝅࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀᙼዪ࡟ኌࢆ࠿ࡅࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୗ

࡟ᘬ⏝ࡍࡿ㒊ศࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀึࡵ࡚ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ฟ఍࠺ሙ㠃࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

‘I can but die,’ I said, ‘and I believe in God. Let me try to wait His will in silence.’

These words I not only thought, but uttered; and thrusting back all my misery into my heart, I made an effort to compel it to remain there – dumb and still.

‘All men must die,’ said a voice quite close at hand; ‘but all are not condemned to meet a lingering and premature doom, such as yours would be if you perished here of want.’ (386; ch.

XXVIII)

㸦ࠕࡶ࠺Ṛࡠ࡯࠿ࡣ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜⚾ࡣゝࡗࡓࠋࠕ⚄ࡉࡲࢆಙࡌࡼ࠺ࠋ㟼࠿࡟⚄ࡢᚚᚰ

ࡳࡇࡇࢁ

ࢆᚅ࡜࠺ࠖ

ࡇࡢゝⴥࢆ⚾ࡣ㢌ࡢ࡞࠿࡛⪃࠼ࡓࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊཱྀ࡟ฟࡋ࡚ゝࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡶࢁ

ࡶࢁࡢⱞ㞴ࢆࡍ࡭࡚⬚ࡢ࠺ࡕ࡟ᢲࡋࡶ࡝ࡋࠊࡑࡇ࡛㯲ࡽࡏ㟼࠿࡟ࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜ດࡵࡓࠋ ࠕே㛫ࡣࡔࢀࡋࡶṚࡠࡶࡢ࡛ࡍࠖࡍࡄࡑࡤ࡛ேኌࡀࡋࡓࠋࠕࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࠶࡞ࡓࡀࡇࡇ࡛ࡦ

(15)

14

ࡶࡌࡉࡢ࠶ࡲࡾṚࡠ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡦ࡜ࡀࡳ࡞ࠊ࠶࡞ࡓࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᪩㐣ࡂࡓṚࢆࡌࡾࡌࡾ

࡜㏄࠼ࡿ࡜ࡣ࠿ࡂࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍࡼࠖ㸧

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍࠺ࡢࡣࠊᙼዪࡀṚࢆぬᝅࡍࡿ▐㛫ࡢࡇ࡜

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᚋࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣᙼዪࢆ⮬ศࡢᒇᩜࡢ୰࡬ධࢀ࡚ࠊᙼࡢጒࡓࡕ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟㣗࡭≀࡜ᐟࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ᙼࡢጒࡓࡕࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡢ▱

ࡾྜ࠸ࡸ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヰࡍࡼ࠺࡟ồࡵࡿࡀࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣヰࡑ࠺࡜ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ

᪥࠿ࡽ3᪥ᚋ࡟ࠊᙼዪࡣ⮬ศࡢ⤒Ṕࢆヰࡍࡶࡢࡢࠊ⮬ศࡢ▱ࡾྜ࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᝟ሗࡣ㞃ࡋ

⥆ࡅࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࡞ࡐࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀṚࢆぬᝅࡋࡓࡢ࠿ࠊࢆᘬ⏝ࡋࡓ㒊ศ࡜ࡑࡢᚋ࡟⥆ࡃ㒊ศࡔࡅ࡛ㄞ⪅ࡀ⌮

ゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࡤࠊᙼዪࡀṚࢆぬᝅࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒⦋ࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸

࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍࠺ሙ㠃ࡢᚋ࡟⥆ࡃ㒊ศࡣࠊᙼዪࡀ㣚࠼࡚⾶

ᙅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄞ⪅࡟♧ࡍࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼዪࡀṚࢆぬᝅࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡣ㣚࠼࡚⾶ᙅࡋࡓ࠿ࡽ

࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ㄞ⪅ࡀ᥎ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ㣚࠼ࡀᙼዪ࡟Ṛࢆぬᝅࡉࡏࡿ࡯࡝

࡟῝้࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣࠊㄞ⪅࡟ࡣศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᙼዪࢆ㣚࠼࡟㏣࠸㎸ࢇࡔヲࡋ

࠸஦᝟ࢆ▱ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢゝⴥࡣ኱ࡆࡉ࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ᘬ⏝ࡋࡓࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࡢゝⴥࡢ┤๓ࡢ㒊ศ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊྊ౑ࡢࣁࢼࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢゝືࢆ₇ᢏࡔ࡜ᛮ࠸ࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥࡀᢲࡋ㎸ࡳᙉ┐ࡢ௰㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜␲ࡗ࡚㏣࠸㏉ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࡇࡢ᫬ࠊṚ

ࢆぬᝅࡍࡿ࡯࡝࡟㣚࠼࡚⾶ᙅࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡣぢ࠼࡞࠸እぢࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍࠺๓࡟஧᪥㛫ᨺᾉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙼዪࡣࠊ1 ࣌ࢽ࣮ࡶᣢ ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㣗࡭≀ࢆ㈙࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡺ࠼࡟ࠊᙼዪࡣᮧࢆṌࡁ

ࡲࢃࡗ࡚ࠊ㣗࡭≀ࢆᜨࢇ࡛ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᮧࡢேࠎ࡟㢗ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓࠋᨺᾉࡢ㛫࡟ᙼዪࡀཱྀ࡟ࡋ ࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊࣃࣥ࡜࣏ࣜࢵࢪ㸦✐≀ࢆỈࡲࡓࡣ∵ங࡛↻ࡓ⢛㸧ࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼዪࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻 ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊᨺᾉࡋጞࡵ࡚3ᅇ┠ࡢᬌࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࡇࢀࡽ

ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⿵㊊ⓗ࡟᭩ࡅࡤࠊᙼዪࡀṚࢆぬᝅࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࢆㄞ⪅ࡣ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋᙜ↛ࠊㄞ⪅ࡀࡑࡢ⿵㊊ⓗ࡞᝟ሗࢆㄞࡵࡤࠊ࡞ࡐࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᨺᾉࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞

࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺␲ၥࡀㄞ⪅࡟ᾋ࠿ࢇ࡛ࡃࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ3᪥ᚋࠊ⮬ศࡀᨺᾉࡋ ࡓ⌮⏤࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡸጒࡓࡕ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

‘I left Lowood nearly a year since to become a private governess. I obtained a good situation, and was happy. This place I was obliged to leave four days before I came here. The reason of my departure I cannot and ought not to explain: it would be useless, dangerous, and would sound incredible. No blame attached to me: I am as free from culpability as anyone of you three.

Miserable I am, and must be for a time; for the catastrophe which drove me from a house I had found a paradise was of a strange and direful nature. . . .’ (399; ch. XXIX)

㸦ࠕ࡯ࡰ୍ᖺ๓ࠊᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵ࡟࣮ࣟ࢘ࢵࢻࢆཤࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋࡼ࠸໅ࡵཱྀࢆᚓࡲࡋ

(16)

15

࡚ࠊᖾࡏ࡛ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ࠾ᒇᩜࢆࠊࡇࡇ࡟ࡲ࠸ࡿᅄ᪥๓࡟వ൤࡞ࡃ❧ࡕཤࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ❧

ࡕཤࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣㄝ࡛᫂ࡁࡲࡏࢇࡋࠊࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋ↓┈࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡍ̿̿༴㝤

࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࡋࠊ࡜࠺࡚࠸ಙࡌ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡓࡔࡅ࡞࠸࡛ࡋࡻ࠺ࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࡢ㐣ࡕ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾ

ࡲࡏࢇࠋࡇࡇ࡟࠾࠸࡛ࡢ࠾୕᪉࡜ྠࡌࡃࠊࢃࡓࡃࡋ࡟ࡣࡲࡗࡓࡃ⨥࡜ࡀࡣࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡏ

ࢇࠋ࡛ࡶ᝺ࡵ࡛ࡍࠊࡋࡤࡽࡃࡣ᝺ࡵ࡞ᛮ࠸ࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡾࡲࡏࢇࠋࢃࡓࡃࡋࡀኳᅜ ࡔ࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࠶ࡢᒇᩜ࠿ࡽࢃࡓࡃࡋࢆ㏣࠸❧࡚ࡓ◚ᒁ࡜ࡣࠊୡ࡟ࡶወ᛹࡞ᝒ᝺ࡁࢃ

ࡲࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ͐ࠖ㸧

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࡇࡢ᫬ࠊᐙᗞᩍᖌࢆࡸࡵ࡚ᒇᩜࢆ❧ࡕཤࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࢆㄝ࡛᫂ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࢆㄝ

࡛᫂ࡁࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊࡑࢀࡣ⪺ࡁᡭ࡟ࡣಙࡌࡀࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᙼዪࡣุ᩿ࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᙼዪ࡟⤖፧ࢆ⏦ࡋ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡁࡓ㔠ᣢࡕࡢ⏨ᛶ࡟ࡣࡍ࡛࡟ጔࡀ࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺஦ᐇࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ

஦ᐇࡀ⤖፧ᘧࡢ᭱୰࡟Ⓨぬࡋ࡚ࠊྜἲⓗ࡟⤖፧࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆᒇᩜ

࠿ࡽ❧ࡕཤࡽࡏࡓ⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡀ⪺ࡁᡭ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ಙࡌࡀࡓ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ☜࠿࡟ᐜ᫆࡟᝿ീ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜

࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ㔜፧ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢᩍ⩏࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⚗ࡌࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊἲᚊ

࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶไ㝈ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠗࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࠘ࡢᖺ௦ࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ

࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡶࡋࡶ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ࡀࠊ1835ᖺࡢ፧ጻἲࡢ❧ἲ௨ᚋ࡟㉳ࡁ࡚࠸

ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣ㔜፧⨥ࢆពᅗࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺㔜⨥ࢆ≢ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ 㸦Sutherland 72㸧ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀㄞ⪅࡟ྥࡅ࡚⿵㊊ⓗ࡟ࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍ

ࡿᩥ❶ࢆ᭩࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢᩍ⩏ࡸἲᚊ࡟཯ࡍࡿ㔜፧ࢆィ⏬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣㄞ⪅࡟

࡜ࡗ࡚᝿ീࡋࡀࡓ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊㄞ⪅ࡀࡑࡢ⌮⏤ࢆಙࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣண᝿

࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᒇᩜࢆ❧ࡕཤࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣ୍ࡘࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௚ࡢ⌮⏤ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ

⏨ᛶࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣࠊ㔜፧࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡾࡘࡘࡶࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟⤖

፧ࢆ⏦ࡋ㎸ࢇࡔࠋᙼࡣࠊ㔜፧ࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᙼࡢጔࢆᒇᩜ࡟┘⚗ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜

ࢆࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟㞃ࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᙼࡢጔࡣ⢭⚄࡟ᨭ㞀ࢆࡁࡓࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௚ே࡟く࠸࠿࠿ࡿே

≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨20❶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᙼࡢጔࡀࣜࢳ࣮ࣕࢻ࣭࣓࢖ࢫࣥ (Richard Mason) ࡟࠿ࡳࡘ

࠸࡚ฟ⾑ࡉࡏࠊእ⛉་࡟ࡼࡿ἞⒪ࢆせࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜ࡶࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀᒇᩜࢆ❧ࡕཤࡗࡓ

⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡀ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢᩍ⩏ࡸἲᚊ࡟཯ࡋ࡚࡛ࡶ㔜፧ࢆᮃࢇࡔ

⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᙼࡀᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡓ஦᝟ࢆ᭩࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋᙼࡣࠊᙼࡢ∗࡟

ࡼࡗ࡚࣓࢖ࢫࣥᐙࡢ㈈⏘ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣂ࣮ࢧ࣭࣓࢖ࢫࣥ࡜⤖፧ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࢚ࢻ

࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣ⤖፧ࡢ㝿ࠊࣂ࣮ࢧࡀ≬ேࡢᐙ⣔ࡢฟ㌟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡽࡉࢀ࡚࠸

࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᙼࡀࡑࢀࢆ▱ࡗࡓࡢࡣ⤖፧ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࡢࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࠋᙼࡣ≬ே࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ጔࢆᚓࡓ

࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ฟ఍ࡗࡓ⤒⦋ࢆ᭩ࡇ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᨺᾉࡢ⌮⏤

(17)

16

ࡶࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ᭩࠿࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᨺᾉࡢ⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

ࡀᐙᗞᩍᖌࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᒇᩜࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿฟ᮶஦ࡶㄒࡽࡊࡿ

ࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚⤒㦂ࡋ ࡓࡇ࡜ࢆヲࡋࡃ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

஧㡯 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢ௙஦᥈ࡋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬ (Rivers) ᐙࡢே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬᐙࡣ㈋ࡋ࠸ࠋࢭࣥࢺ 㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢஸࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ∗ぶࡀᩘᖺ๓࡟⭾኱࡞㈇മࢆᢪ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ㈈⏘ࢆṧࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ

࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣦࣜ࢓࣮ࢬᐙࡢேࠎࡣᆅ୺㝵⣭ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕୖὶ㝵⣭࡟ᒓࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ

ാ࠿ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸㌟ศ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡣ∗ぶࡢṧࡋࡓ㈇മࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢጒ࡛࠶ࡿࢲ࢖࢔ࢼ (Diana)࡜࣓࢔ࣜ (Mary) ࡣᐙᗞᩍᖌࢆࡋ࡚

࠸ࡿࠋዪᛶࡢᐙᗞᩍᖌࡣྊ౑࡜ྠ➼ࡢᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅࡿ⫋ᴗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢲ࢖࢔ࢼ࡜࣓࢔ࣜࡣࠊࡑ

ࢀࡒࢀࡀ㞠ࢃࢀࡓูࠎࡢᒇᩜ࡛㉁⣲࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞஦᝟࠿ࡽࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ

ࣙࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡣ㈋ࡋ࠸㌟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ

୍᪉࡛ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢲ࢖࢔ࢼࡸ࣓࢔ࣜ࡜ྠࡌዪᛶࡢᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮

ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ⿱⚟࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

ࢆ⮬ศࡢጔ࡜ࡋ࡚㏄࠼ࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⮬ศ࡜ྠ➼ࡢᬽࡽࡋࢆࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ

࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ୍᫬ⓗ࡟ୖὶ㝵⣭ࡢዪᛶ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼ ዪࡣࠊᨺᾉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ㎰ኵ࡟≀ஒ࠸࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㢼ኚࢃࡾ࡞፬ே࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺

࡞᭹ࢆ╔࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢୖ➼࡞᭹ࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࠊᙼ⮬㌟ࡢ㈋ࡋࡉ࡜ᙼዪࡢᒇᩜ

࡟࠾ࡅࡿᬽࡽࡋࡪࡾ࡜ࡢᕪࢆᙉࡃព㆑ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᙼࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤᙼዪ࡟ࠊ⮬ศࡣ㈋

ࡋ࠸㌟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠺ࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟Ꮫᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡜࠸࠺௙஦ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿ᫬ࠊ ḟࡢゝⴥࢆཱྀ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

‘And since I am myself poor and obscure, I can offer you but a service of poverty and obscurity. You may even think it degrading – for I see now your habits have been what the world calls refined: your tastes lean to the ideal, and your society has at least been amongst the educated; but I consider that no service degrades which can better our race. . . .’ (407; ch. XXX) 㸦ࠕࢃࡓࡋ⮬㌟ࡀ㈋ࡋࡃ࡚࡜ࡿ࡟ࡓࡾ࡞࠸ே㛫࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ࡶ㈋ࡋࡃ࡚࡜ࡿ࡟ࡓࡾ

࡞࠸௙஦ࡋ࠿࠶ࡓ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡏࢇࠋࡁࡗ࡜࠶࡞ࡓࡣရ఩ࢆ࠾࡜ࡋࡵࡽࢀࡓ࡜⪃

࠼ࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ᪥ᖖࡢᬽࡽࡋࡣࠊ࡝࠺ࡸࡽ࠸ࢃࡺࡿୖရ࡞⏕άࡔࡗࡓࡼ

࠺ࡔ࠿ࡽࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡢ㊃࿡ࡣ⌮᝿࡟ഴ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊ࠶࡞ࡓࡀࡘࡁ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡦ࡜ࡓࡕࡣࠊ ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶࠊᩍ㣴࠶ࡿࡦ࡜ࡧ࡜࡟㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡼ࠺ࡔࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࢃࢀࢃࢀே㢮ࢆྥୖࡉ ࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺ዊ௙࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊရ఩ࢆ࠾࡜ࡋࡵࡿ࡜ࡣࠊࢃࡓࡋࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠸ࠋ͐ࠖ㸧

(18)

17

๓㏙ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊዪᛶࡢᐙᗞᩍᖌࡣྊ౑࡜ྠ➼ࡢᢅ࠸ࢆཷࡅࡿ⫋ᴗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊୖὶ㝵⣭ࡢዪ ᛶࡢࡼ࠺࡟ୖရ࡞⏕άࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢጒࡓࡕࡣᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡶᐙᗞᩍᖌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡶࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢጒࡓࡕ࡜ྠࡌࡼ

࠺࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢࡀ⮬↛࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭

ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡀᙼዪࢆᐙே࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅ࠾࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢጒࡓࡕࡼࡾࡶ

⿱⚟࡞ᬽࡽࡋࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᬽࡽ

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ࢆヲࡋࡃ᭩࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊࡇࡇ࡛ᘬ⏝ࡋࡓࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢゝⴥ࡜ᙼࡢᚰ᝟ࡣ ㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚⌮ゎࡋࡀࡓ࠸ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀࢯ

࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟ఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ᫬ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩࠿ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡲࡓࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟௙஦ࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᙼࡣ3㐌㛫๓࡟Ꮫ

ᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡜࠸࠺௙஦ࢆぢࡘࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃ࡞࠸࡛࠸ࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ

࢙࢖ࣥ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸௙஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᑜࡡࡽࢀࠊḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟㏉⟅ࡍࡿࠋ

‘I found or devised something for you three weeks ago; but as you seemed both useful and happy here – as my sisters had evidently become attached to you, and your society gave them unusual pleasure – I deemed it inexpedient to break in on your mutual comfort till their approaching departure from Marsh End should render yours necessary.’ (406; ch. XXX) 㸦ࠕ୕㐌㛫๓࡟࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸௙஦ࢆぢࡘࡅࡓ࡜࠸࠺࠿ࠊ⪃࠼ࡘ࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࡍࡀࠊ࠶

࡞ࡓࡣࡇࡇ࡛ࡶᙺ࡟❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟ᖾࡏࡑ࠺ࡔࡋ̿̿ጒࡓࡕࡣ࡝࠺ࡶ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ ࡍࡗ࠿ࡾẼ࡟ධࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛ࠊ࠶࡞ࡓ࡜ࡢ࠾ࡘࡁ࠶࠸ࡀࠊࡲࡓ࡜࡞࠸ᴦࡋࡳ࡟

࡞ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࡢ࡛̿̿ጒࡓࡕࡀ࣐࣮ࢩ࣭࢚ࣗࣥࢻࢆฟࡿ᪥ࡀ㏆࡙࠸࡚ࠊ࠶࡞ࡓ࡟ࡑࡢ

௙஦ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࡲ࡛ࡣࠊࡳࢇ࡞ࡢᴦࡋࡳࢆ㑧㨱ࡣࡍࡲ࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿ࡽࡡࠖ㸧

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊ3 㐌㛫ࡶࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟௙஦ࢆ⤂௓ࡋ࡞࠸࡛࠸ࡓ⌮⏤ࢆ㏙࡭

ࡿࡀࠊ௚ࡢ⌮⏤ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙼࡣࡇࡢゝⴥࡢᚋࠊᙼࡀぢࡘࡅࡓ௙஦ࡀఱ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆල యⓗ࡟ゝ࠾࠺࡜ࡏࡎࠊࡑࢀࡀ᮲௳ࡢᝏ࠸௙஦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ♧၀ࡍࡿࠋᙼࡣࠊ⮬ศ

⮬㌟ࡀ㈋ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㈋ࡋ࠸௙஦ࡋ࠿⤂௓࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜ゝ࠺ࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⢓ࡾᙉࡃᙼ࡟ㄝ᫂

ࢆಁࡋ⥆ࡅࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࡑࡢ௙஦ࡀᮧࡢᏛᰯࡢᩍᖌ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜᫂࠿ࡍࠋࢪ࢙

࢖ࣥࡀᙼ࡟௙஦᥈ࡋ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᑜࡡ࡚࠿ࡽࠊᙼዪࡀ௙஦ࢆᘬࡁཷࡅࡿ࡜㏉஦ࢆࡍࡿࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ ࢭࣥࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣ “poor” 㸦ࠕ㈋ࡋ࠸ࠖ㸧࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ4ᅇࠊཱྀ࡟ࡍࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࢭࣥ

ࢺ=ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࡢ㈋ࡋࡉࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ௨๓ࡼࡾࡶ᮲௳ࡢᝏ࠸௙஦ࢆࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟⤂௓ࡏ ࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ᝎࡳࠊᙼዪ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸௙஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゝ࠼ࡎ࡟࠸ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮⏤ࡶࠊ ࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࢻ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⏕ά࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ᭩࠿࡞

ࡅࢀࡤࠊㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᝿ീࡋࡀࡓ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟௙஦ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿሙ㠃ࢆ᭩ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊࠕస⪅ࠖ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᬽࡽࡋࡪࡾࢆᥥ෗ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶

(19)

18

ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

୕㡯 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢឡࡍࡿ⏨ᛶ

ࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡀஸࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᙼࡢᘚㆤኈ࡛࠶ࡿࣈࣜࢵࢢࢬ (Briggs) ࡣࠊࢪ࣭࢚ࣙࣥ࢔ࡀᐃ

ࡵࡓ┦⥆ேࡢࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࢆࡉࡀࡍࡀࠊᙼዪࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࣈ

ࣜࢵࢢࢬࡣࠊᙼዪࡢᚑ඗࡛࠶ࡿࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ᙼዪࡢ⾜᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᡭ⣬࡛ၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࡿࠋ ᙼዪࡣࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡜࠸࠺ഇྡࢆ౑࠸࡞ࡀࡽࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢᒇᩜ࡟㞃ࢀ࡚ᬽࡽ

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊࣈࣜࢵࢢࢬࡣᙼዪࢆぢࡘࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡀࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢᮏྡ࡞ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜␲

࠺ࠋࣈࣜࢵࢢࢬࡢᡭ⣬࡟᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡢ⤒Ṕ࡜ࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥࣜ࢜ࢵࢺࡢ

⤒Ṕ࡜ࡀఝ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥࣜ࢜ࢵࢺ࡜ྡ஌ࡗ ࡓዪᛶࡀࠕࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࠖ࡜᭩࠸ࡓ⣬ࢆぢ௜ࡅࠊᙼዪࡇࡑࡀ┦⥆ேࡢࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡛

࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ಙࡍࡿࠋᙼࡣᙼዪ࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔ࡢ⤒Ṕࢆヰࡋ࡚ࠊᙼዪࡢᮏྡࡀࠕࢪ࢙

࢖࣭࢚ࣥ࢔࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆࡵࡉࡏࡿࠋ

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢヰࡢ୰࡛ࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢྡ๓ࡀฟࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊᘚ ㆤኈࡢࣈࣜࢵࢢࢬࡣ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡟ࡶᡭ⣬࡛ၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏࡓࡔࢁ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡀ᭩࠸

ࡓ㏉஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ᑜࡡࡿࠋ

‘Mr Briggs intimates that the answer to his application was not from Mr Rochester, but from a lady: it is signed “Alice Fairfax.”’

I felt cold and dismayed: my worst fears then were probably true: he had in all probability left England and rushed in reckless desperation to some former haunt on the Continent. . . . Oh, my poor master – once almost my husband – whom I had often called ‘my dear Edward!’

‘He must have been a bad man,’ observed Mr Rivers.

‘You don’t know him – don’t pronounce an opinion upon him,’ I said with warmth. (439-440;

ch. XXXIII)

㸦ࠕࣈࣜࢵࢢࢬẶ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊᙼࡢၥ࠸ྜࢃࡏ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㏉஦ࡣࠊࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮Ặ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ

࡞ࡃࠊࡉࡿ፬ே࠿ࡽ᮶ࡓࡶࡢࡢࡼ࠺࡛ࡍࠋࠦ࢔ࣜࢫ࣭ࣇ࢙࢔ࣇ࢓ࢵࢡࢫࠨ࡜࠸࠺⨫ྡ

ࡀࡋ࡚࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠖ

⚾ࡣវ↛࡜ࡋࠊ඲㌟ࡀ⥲ẟ❧ࡗࡓࠋࡍࡿ࡜⚾ࡢࡶࡗ࡜ࡶᜍࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ⌧ᐇ࡟

࡞ࡗࡓࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋᙼࡣ⮬ᭀ⮬Რࡢ࠶ࡲࡾⱥᅜࢆཤࡾࠊ᫇ࡼࡃゼࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࡢ࠶ࡿ኱㝣 ࡢ࡝ࡇ࠿࡬ࡸࡳࡃࡶ࡟㣕ࡧฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ࡟㐪࠸࡞࠸ࠋ͐࠶࠶ࠊ࠾Ẽࡢẘ࡞⚾ࡢ ୺

࠶ࡿࡌ

̿̿

࠿ࡘ࡚⚾ࡢኵ࡟࡞ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡦ࡜̿̿ࠦឡࡋ࠸࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࠨ࡜࠸ࡘࡶ࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ ᪉㸟

ࠕᝏ࠸⏨ࡔࡗࡓ࡟ࡕࡀ࠸࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇࡡࠖ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀゝࡗࡓࠋ

(20)

19

ࠕ࠶ࡢ᪉ࢆࡈᏑࡌ࡞࠸ࡢ࡟̿̿࠶ࡢ᪉ࡢᢈุࡣ࡞ࡉࡽ࡞࠸࡛ࠖࠋ⚾ࡣࡴࡁ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ゝࡗ ࡓࠋ㸧

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢᩍ⩏࡟཯ࡍࡿ㔜፧ࢆィ⏬ࡋ࡚ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆࡔࡲ

ࡋࡓ⏨࡛࠶ࡾࠊ∾ᖌ࡛࠶ࡿࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢゝ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣࠕᝏ࠸⏨࡛ࠖ࠶ࡗ ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡢࡀ⮬↛࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௚᪉࡛ᙼዪࡣࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᚰ㓄ࡋࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ

ࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᝏࡃゝ࠺ࡢࢆ᎘ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢゝⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢪ࢙࢖

ࣥࡢࡇࡢ཯ᛂࡣࠊᙼዪࡢ஦᝟ࢆ▱ࡽ࡞࠸ㄞ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡣᴟࡵ࡚୙⮬↛࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊㄞ⪅ࡀ࠶ࡽ࠿ࡌࡵࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢࡶ࡜ࢆ❧ࡕཤࡗࡓ᫬ࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢᚰ᝟ࢆ▱ࡗ

࡚࠸ࡓ࡞ࡽࡤࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ཯ᛂࡣ⣡ᚓࡢ࠸ࡃࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ࡣ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࢆឡࡍ

ࡿࡀࡺ࠼࡟ᙼࡢࡶ࡜࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡾࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ឤ᝟ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ୍᪉࡛㔜፧ࡣ㐨ᚨࡸἲᚊ࡟཯

ࡍࡿࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ୧⪅ࡢ࡝ࡕࡽࢆ㑅ࡪ࠿࡛⃭ࡋࡃⴱ⸨ࡋࡓᮎ࡟ࠊ㐨ᚨࡸἲᚊࢆ㑅ࢇࡔࡢ࡛

࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ㑅ᢥ࡟ࡣࠊ㐨ᚨࡸἲᚊ࡟཯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⮬ศࡢ㌟ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡟୙฼࡞ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ

࡜࠸࠺ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡀാ࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠊ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸦㢼㛫 39㸧

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࠿ࡽ❧ࡕཤࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊ⮬ศࡢ㌟ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ ᙼ࡬ࡢឡ᝟ࢆኻࡗࡓ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᙼዪࡣࠊ࣒࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ࡟᮶࡚࠿ࡽࡶ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟ

ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࢆឡࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆᢚᅽࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࡋ

࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣᙼዪࡢ⮬⏤࡜ಶᛶࡢ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ⬣࠿ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ศู࡜

ឡ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ⴱ⸨ࡉࡏࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ㸦Benvenuto 634㸧࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ

࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠕᝏ࠸⏨࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡑࢀࡺ࠼࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᚰ㓄ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡

ࢻࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᝏࡃゝ࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᎘ࡀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡇࡢሙ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢ཯

ᛂࢆㄞ⪅࡟⣡ᚓࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢሙ㠃ࡼࡾࡶඛ࡟ࠊᙼዪࡀࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ

࡟࠾࠸࡚ⴱ⸨ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍሙ㠃ࢆ᭩࠸࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

஧⠇ ࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮

୍㡯 ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡢูࢀ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢồ፧࡟ᛂࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡀࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࡣᙼࡢࡶ࡜ࢆ㞳ࢀࠊ

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜⤖፧ࡍࡿࠋᙼዪࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࢆ㑅 ࡪࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙼዪࡀࡇࡢ㑅ᢥࢆࡋࡓ⤒⦋࡜⌮⏤ࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ௨ୗ࡟㏙࡭ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࢯ࣮

ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡸࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ᭩ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢ⤖፧ࡢᥦ᱌ࢆཷࡅධࢀࡿ࡟ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ⮬ศࡢ⮬↛࡞ᛶ㉁ࡢ༙ศࢆ

ྰㄆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᙼࡢጒ࡛࠶ࡿࢲ࢖࢔ࢼࡢぢゎ࡛ࡉ࠼ࡶࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖፧ࡣ୙⮬↛

࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㸦Burkhart 178㸧ᙼࡢ⤖፧ࡢᥦ᱌ࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆᝎࡲࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪ

(21)

20

ࣙࣥࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟⤖፧ࡢᢎㅙࢆồࡵࡓ᫬ࠊᙼዪࡣ⚄ࡢᚚᚰ࡟࠿࡞࠺ṇࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆࡋࡓ࠸࡜

ᛮ࠸ࠊ⮬ศ࡟㐨ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟⚄࡟ஒ࠺ࠋᙼዪࡣ⮬ศࡢྡ๓ࢆ࿧ࡪኌࢆ⪺ࡁࠊࡑࡢ ኌࢆⓎࡋࡓே≀ࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࠋ

‘What have you heard? What do you see?’ asked St John. I saw nothing, but I heard a voice somewhere cry –

‘Jane! Jane! Jane!’ – nothing more.

‘O God! What is it?’ I gasped.

I might have said, ‘Where is it?’ . . . And it was the voice of a human being – a known, loved, well-remembered voice – that of Edward Fairfax Rochester; and it spoke in pain and woe, wildly, eerily, urgently.

‘I am coming!’ I cried. ‘Wait for me! Oh, I will come!’ . . .

‘Where are you?’ I exclaimed. (483; ch. XXXV)

㸦ࠕ࡞࡟࠿⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࡢ࠿㸽 ࡞࡟ࡀぢ࠼ࡿࡢ࠿㸽ࠖ࡜ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀイ࠸ࡓࠋ࡞࡟ࡶ

ぢ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡔࡀ࡝ࡇ࠿࡛ྉࡪኌࢆ⪺࠸ࡓ̿̿

ࠕࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟ࠖࠋࡑࢀࡔࡅࡔࡗࡓࠋ ࠕ࠶࠶ࠊ⚄ࡉࡲ㸟 ࠶ࢀࡣ࡞ࢇ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺㸽ࠖࠋ⚾ࡣႍࡄࡼ࠺࡟ゝࡗࡓࠋ

ࠕ࠶ࢀࡣ࡝ࡇ࡛ࡋࡻ࠺㸽ࠖ࡜イ࠸ࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ͐ே㛫ࡢኌࡔࡗࡓ̿̿⪺ࡁぬ࠼

ࡢ࠶ࡿࠊ࡞ࡘ࠿ࡋ࠸ࠊỴࡋ࡚ᛀࢀࡽࢀࡠኌ࢚̿̿ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣇ࢙࢔ࣇ࢓ࢵࢡࢫ࣭ࣟࢳ

࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢኌࠋࡑࡢኌࡣⱞ᝖࡟‶ࡕࠊⲨࠎࡋࡃ୙Ẽ࿡࡞ษ㏕ࡋࡓཱྀㄪࡔࡗࡓࠋ ࠕࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡍ㸟ࠖ࡜⚾ࡣࡉࡅࢇࡔࠋࠕᚅࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸㸟 ࠶࠶ࠊࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡍ࡜ࡶ㸟ࠖ

͐

ࠕ࡝ࡇ࡟࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ㸽ࠖ࡜⚾ࡣྉࢇࡔࠋ㸧

ࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᨭ㓄ࡣᙉࡃࠊᙼዪࡣ⢭⚄ࡢⅬ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᢲࡉ࠼ࡘࡅࡽ

ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᙼዪࡣࠊ⢭⚄ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆ෌ࡧᚓࡓ᫬ࡋ࠿ࠊ⮬⏤࡟࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢࡶ࡜࡬ᡠࢀ࡞࠿ࡗ ࡓࠋ㸦Yeazell 139㸧࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢኌࡀࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࢆໃ࠸࡙࠿ࡏࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢ ᢚᅽ࠿ࡽ⬺ࡋ࡚⢭⚄ࡢ⮬⏤ࢆྲྀࡾᡠࡍࠋ⩣᪥ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࢆࡉࡀࡍࡓࡵ࡟࣒

࣮࢔࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫࢆฟ࡚ࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡟ྥ࠿࠺ࠋࡇࡢ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖

ࣥࡣࡲࡔࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡢᐉᩍࡢ᪑࡟ྠ⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓࠋࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥࡀ᪑❧

ࡕࡢ๓࡟ᙼࡢ▱ேࡓࡕ࡟ูࢀࢆ࿌ࡆ࡚࠾ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࢣࣥࣈࣜࢵࢪ࡬ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ᐙࢆฟࡓࡢࢆぢ

࡞ࡀࡽࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣ࢖ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ࠿ࡽỌ㐲࡟㞳ࢀࡿ๓࡟఍ࢃ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ேࡀ࠸ࡿࠊ

࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡣⅆ஦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᗫቕ࡜໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣂ࣮ࢧࡀⅆ஦࡛ஸࡃ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡋ࡚࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡀࣇ࢛࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣᐟ ᒇࡢ୺࠿ࡽ⪺ࡃࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡜࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ⤖፧ࡢ㞀ᐖ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࣂ࣮ࢧࡣࡍ࡛࡟ஸࡃ࡞ࡗ

(22)

21

࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⤖፧ࢆྜἲⓗ࡟⾜࡞࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࣇ࢓࣮ࣥ

ࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮ࢆゼࡡࠊ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜෌఍ࡍࡿࠋ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢྡࢆྉࢇࡔ 㝿࡟ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡢゝⴥࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓ࡜ᙼዪ࡟ㄒࡿࠋ

‘As I exclaimed “Jane! Jane! Jane!” A voice – I cannot tell whence the voice came, but I know whose voice it was – replied, “I am coming: wait for me;” and a moment after, went whispering on the wind the words, “Where are you?” (515; ch. XXXVII)

㸦ࢃࡓࡋࡀࠦࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟 ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ㸟ࠨ࡜ྉࡪ࡜ࠊኌࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࠋ࡝ࡇ࠿

ࡽ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࡢ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡔࢀࡢኌ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࠦࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡍࠊᚅࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࡃࡔ ࡉ࠸ࠨ࡜࠸࠺ኌࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡢࡍࡄ࠶࡜࡟ࠊ㢼࡟ࡢࡗ࡚ࡇࢇ࡞ࡉࡉࡸࡁࡀὶࢀ࡚ࡁ ࡓ̿̿ࠦ࡝ࡇ࡟࠸ࡽࡗࡋࡷࡿࡢ࡛ࡍ㸽ࠨࠋ㸧

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡀ⪺࠸ࡓゝⴥࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀⓎࡋࡓゝⴥ࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢฟ᮶஦ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ ࡓࡢࡣࠊ᭶᭙᪥ࡢኪࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠊ࡜࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡣ㏙࡭ࡿࠋ᭶᭙᪥ࡢኪࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀ

࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡢኌࢆ⪺࠸ࡓ᪥᫬࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢゝⴥ࡜᪥᫬ࡢ୍⮴ࡣࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥ࡟࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜

ࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࢆᙉࡃឤࡌࡉࡏࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻࡀࡇࡢฟ᮶஦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄒࡿሙ㠃ࡢᚋࠊ ࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊ⮬ศࡀ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜⤖፧ࡋࡓ࡜ㄞ⪅࡟ఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ

⤖፧ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ูࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ᐃࡋࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡀࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ูࢀࡓࡇ࡜ࢆ᭩ࡃࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝ

ࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ࡜ࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟ゝཬࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠕస⪅ࠖ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࣝࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟࠾ࡅࡿฟ ᮶஦ࡶ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

஧㡯 ࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ࡢ఍ヰ

ࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࣇ࢓࣮ࣥࢹ࢕࣮࣭࣐ࣥࢼ࣮࡟࠾࠸࡚࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࣭ࣟࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࡜෌఍ࡍࡿࠋ ࢯ࣮ࣥࣇ࢕࣮ࣝࢻࢆ❧ࡕཤࡗ࡚࠿ࡽఱࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࠿࡜ᙼࡣᙼዪ࡟ᑜࡡࠊᙼዪࡣᨺᾉࡋࡓ 3᪥㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ヰࡍࠋࠕస⪅ࠖࢪ࢙࢖ࣥࡣࠊᨺᾉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᙼ࡜ヰࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣᡭ▷࡟᭩࠸࡚࠸

ࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊࢭࣥࢺ㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࢚ࢻ࣮࣡ࢻ࡜ヰࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣヲ⣽࡟᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢭࣥࢺ 㸻ࢪࣙࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ஧ேࡢ఍ヰࡀ᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᩥ❶ࡣࠊḟ࡟ᘬ⏝ࡍࡿ㒊ศ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸

ࡿࠋ

‘Well, whatever my sufferings had been, they were very short,’ I answered: and then I proceeded to tell him how I had been received at Moor House; how I had obtained the office of school-mistress, etc. The accession of fortune, the discovery of my relations, followed in due order. Of course, St John Rivers’ name came in frequently in the progress of my tale. When I