凸集合のFace構造と凸作用素の表現
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(2) . 北海道教育大学紀要 (自然科学編) 第50巻 第 1号. 1年8月 平成1. i i lof Hokka ido Un iver i ) Vol ty ofEducat ences Jouma s on(NaturaISc .I ‐50 ,No. Au想1 t s ,1999. FACIAL STRUCTURE OF CONVEX SETS AND REPRESENTATION OF CONVEX OPERATORS. Naoto KOMURO ion ido Un i i M【 i ty ofEducat Jnpus s emat csLaborato ver aせl ly, Hokka ,Asahikawa Ca. 凸集合の Face 構造と凸作用素の表現 小. 室. 直. 人. 北海道教育大学旭川校数学教室. ABSTRACT ‐ icestructure ferentlat ice inea dif t Thesetofal lfaces ofa Convex setin 霊αisaco t 1mP1etelat - VVe def コ ヒ ロons offaces ln of convex s e give a new Proof of rePresentation theore of so]江le u ‐ APP1ying thi , Wr oPerators on 麗d -. SIINTRODUCT1ON l measurablefunct ionsf on Q suchthatパ リ < ” Let Q be a measuresPace andlets(Q)be 値esPaceofal f D(F)isaconvex setin area. .ed aconvex oPeratori にβJ E Q) sCa1 - An operator F: D(F) 一 s(Q)i vectorsPace x,andfor each 尤,y E D(F) and 0< α <1 ,. F( 1-α)F( 1-α)尤十αッ)⑦ ≦( )⑦ +αFじ)⑦ ( ェ. ( αβi E O) -. fforeachZ E othe ontheotherhand,afunct led aConvexintegrandi ion/: 又 ÷ → 臆 U{の}i sCal l l known and there are many funct ion /(・,Z )i s convex on 庶d ‐ The convex integrand theory is we icat ions ) aPpl . . (See[7]forexamP1e. Wesaythata Convexintegrandf representsaconvex operator. Fi f. ′frα × ‐妖 Q 飾 日 掛x )o. ( ) 1. I 詔 塔;. ln two ofthe author’ 3 ions ofintegrand representations of iCat s prev,ous PaPer [ ,4] , many apP1 convex operators. l ・ lonstrated‐ were de. However the existense of integrand representat ion ・s ,. ivial idian sPace ti てisthe d‐dimensionaIEucl nontr s knownonlyinsomespecialcases - ▽Vhen 乏 ,andi f i 観α ] hi s PaPer . lnt , weapplythetheory ofthe aces ,the rePresenst on theorem hasbeen Provedin【3]. . ethod ofthe proof which i of convex sets s expected to have an advantage in , and give another lr extending the reperesentation theorem‐. S2 FACBS OF CONVEX SETS d inctPoints l ideansPace Let 脱dbet ionaI Euc he d-di ・nens ‐ VVhen x,y E 麗 are dist ,then the set. (1).
(3) . Naoto Komuro. [ 1‐云お 十かl 工 o≦云≦ 1}iscalledtheclosedsegmentbetween尤 andγ. Halfopensegments 広y], y]={( ,. 魔y )and opensegments にJ)aredefined analogously‐ convex set D in 庶d .. Throughthi losed ion,Wef ixanonemptyc ssect. led a face of D i A convex subset C of D iscal f. {如熱さ ” }i m山e s 蜘 こC .. ( 2 ). By 害 lfaces of D‐ For C E 8 im Ci f inedt (D) (D) obethedimens1on sde ,wedenotethesetofal ,d f 1of c) ine hul theaf f fc ( fand onlyi f{ェ}i tisclearthat尤 E D isanextreme pointof D i ofa sa . 工 ) o-dimens ionalfaceof上 ion, we wi l lstateson. iesoffacesinthe efunda 】 ば l enta1propert . For preparat fol lowing propos i ions whose proofs are givenin [1] t .. ProPos CA E 8 i ion 1 t f ん E A), 劫8” n 矩AG E S(D) S (D) βsf危cg q Q ・ ザG ,α“〆 α応o 劫eだ 鎚禽お α 鋤吃α/ ,(. D の%如初物g Uス A E4C . 嵐例 解 (き(D) ,こ)たγ粥sα の粥〆β彰 如云瓦解‐ Propos i ion 2. 乙考 C t f D α“d s物Pose云加ご , 彰 α た” q. C G‐ Z膨れ Q E 害(D) け α fe 7 2d o%お Z. E S(C ) , - For a convex set C in 麗ば C denotes. iveinter iorof C,which n1 iorof C wi th therelat eanstheinter , ivetopology ofaf f C‐ 工 herelat tiseasytoseethateveryfaceof D isaclosedset respecttot ‐ lndeed, f尤i i lds[勧 め 仁 C 亡 C. Since ty of C yie s a pointofthe closure of a face C and 為 E C,せl econvexi. C is a faceof D,x mustbein C‐. Propos i ion 3 t . ザ C , n C2= の , , ≦ Q, 劫8“ C , Q E きのり ,αれα C Propos i ion 4. L8Z % る8 α POZ%云 qf D αれd 友云 C 彰 α た” q t f D‐ ‐% ザ α“ば o“ゆ け 尤 E C の“如ぼ煽れ8 ‐ Propos i ion5 ぼ t BZx 彰 αγe如i りgb賜れ 吻 か POZ煽 げ C, . L鑑 C, 彰 α 知 α げ D αれdZ .. f D のれ加彰勿g 燭 云脳% Q 声 のれ加加 須 砂 劫8 〃血筋8るo“7 た” q 2幽 か げ C. ‐ From ロiese propos i lowing decompos i ion of a convex setbyi tons we obtain thefol t ts faces‐. Theorem l.. Foγ α dosed co”鑑% se云 D 綱 庶d ,. D=U{cAIG E 害 } (D) Wesay that a col lect ion {G}疋A こ 8 li f丸 E A and (D)i snorma. qこ. E S(D)impl y 〆 E △-. ine Now we def. 班={A= 適 CA1{G}勘 is normal}- Since{ D}is normaland D E 敦,21isatleast nonempty‐ ltiseasytosee 化latifeach Aぇ(九 EA) ice i t s a memberof 班,then so are U & and 息 ん,andtherefore @,こ)i s a completelat ‐ . Lemma l . ザ A E 以, 劫e% A お α の“り甥 sei‐. (2).
(4) . FACIAL STRUCTURE OF CONVEX SETS AND REPRESENTATION OF CONVEX OPERATORS. te A = U Cスandlet ぁy be arbi trary pointsof A‐ Then mereexi at st ぇ and β such 化l P飾qf ‐ Wァe wri 尤. 1 1 E CAand y E C“ trarypointof meopensegment(毛γ) . Let 2 be an arbi ,and1et e be mesma est. facecontaining 乙. [ ]こ Since C i s a face , we have xJ. C‐. By Propos lestface i ion 4 G i t sthesmal ,. .owsthat q こ C. Since meCol lect ion{( } tfol containing %,andi AE4isnormal , Weobtain C. こ A‐. Thi s meansthat 2 E A,and 鉱us A i s convex‐. S3 REPRBSBNTAT1oN. OF CONVEX OPERATORs. ln 鉱i iontheorem ofconvex operators ssection, we prove a representat . Let D(F)be a convex setin ing general i 風d andl thoutloos ty mat tF:D(F) ÷→ S(Q)be a conve× operator‐ Wァecan assume wi e ion theinterorofD(F)i snonempty‐ Throughthi ssect rst westate . Fi ,D denotes mecolsureofD(F) the main meorem‐. Theorem 2. β〃βか の“災瑠 opgmf oγ F ′麗d コ. D〔の ÷→ Sroノ 数鴻 の 詑娠Z α メリメBS鋤 如Zわ”.. 方桜霧 禽,. 劫の吃 沈黍な α の“似瑠 Zmgg粥“〆 /′醍dX Q ÷ → 風d U{ ( 力} 賜 物 飯岡 ( 1 )露〆ゐ. ine g asinS2‐ For A E 以,a convexintegrand /:A × Q ÷ → 璽α U{閃}i s ,we def. For D = D(F). f said to represent F on A,i. パリ)‐ 焦 Def ini ion. t. ZE Q Z り( )f o r 鰯‐. 艦. 雌. 堀). . F“ ” “”〃甥 ゆgmわγ E. we. 庇宛燦. 蜜={(A ) 1A E. 現 and f represents F on A} - ,. 朋o“御 鍔 元γ(A. 方) 左)E 凱, wg w me(A,五)≦(A2 o , , 超2 , ,左) w庇〃 A. 〔 A2α%〆 左 声 α” 沈彰硲ず鯛 げ 方 云 . Lemma 2 S Z“〆”cおりe夢 o雌の形ば‐ . (現,≦)Z ly ordered subset of 以. Then A= U } t{ (Aぇ添) Pメメゲー Le A EA be a total. ん is. an element of 似‐. Moreover we can def ine a convex integrand f on A XQ sat isfying / =五 on AスX Q for every 入 E A‐ C1ear ly ( } ) EQ1 anditis an upperbound of{(& 赤) A E‘ , 凡ヂ -. Lemma 3. 扉“ A E Q 1s”物 劫の A. ≠ 鳶 堀 俊秀僻 も ={CE 害(D)1CnA. =. ≠} s ‐ Z綾”(SA ,()z. . かひげ‐. Let{Q} ly orderedsubsetof 6A f weput C = ス弘 beatotal ‐ l. Q, men C isaconvex set and. c〔 A ≠ ≠- Moreover C E 害(D) f weassume にγ)n c ≠ ≠ men mereexi sts 九 E A such ・ 工ndeed ,i , that αJ) 〔. G. ≠ の. Hencei lows 鉱at 』 “ 〔 tfol. Q亡. C- Thus C E 6A andi ti san upperbound. of{Q} え E4 ・. Lemma 4 . L彰 A るe α72 認の吻靴云 げ 増, α”〆 僻s閉碗8 物の AUC E. 現. (3). A ≠ D‐ Z膨れ 劫の唯 伽ああ C E SAS“乾 物露.
(5) . Naoto Komuro. I f lement C‐ l ic ienttoshow ti ssuf slemma カメメザー By Lenlma3andZom’ ,9Ahasatleasta maximale C ) C- Since C i k C E S that AUC E 似 Put A= U Cぇ s a maxima1 (D) , and ta e , ,such that . . ▼ elementofSA,wehave C, 庄 SAandhence C.n A ≠ の‐ Therefore wecanchoose 九 E A suchthat CA }矩4i Q 仁 C,holds lect ion{Ci lowsf i ion3that 〔 C, ≠ の‐ l tfol t snormal rom ProPos ‐ Sincethecol ,C. , 現 AU lect ion {C小EA U {C}i ( A 〔 AUC. Th i s al so normal sshowsthat 値ecol ,and r C E .. 1 お れ〆 の吻参か Lemma 5. 2. 上れ o妨げ wo力鳶 劫の形 鋼禽お A E 似 s“乾 物2Z F 忽然 α 陀め〆e 2 se“加鷲 伽 f o7 ,. . ing a convex integrand ′ which represent The proof can be done by construct s F on D- The ionis an analogy of 廿l method ofconstruct atin [4] .. 1餌 粥 Lemma 6 え研 A U C E 2 /) E 凱 αれd A ≠ D‐ L鑑 C E SA 禽 α元Z c gs“物 云 s β 劫の (A, . S巧妙o LB粥粥α 4 ‐. Z卿“/ ゐOS α72 鎚彰俗あれ 五 霞宛物d o%(AUC)×Q s“” 劫略 (AU C 方) E 現‐. ] hor[ 3 The proofofthislenllna is an analogy of one providein a previous paperbytheaut ‐. Pのけ qf Z卿o鰯粥 2. ByLemma3,Lemma5 andZordslenlma,現 hasatleasta maximalelement(Ao, 秀) .. A = D,andthis meansthat希 represent ining秀 = の Moreover s F on 刀‐ Def ,Lemma6showsthat o. ion of a representation of F‐ on Dc×○, wecompl etethe construct. RBFBRENCES l i 1983 ) 1 2〃窃 Po夢云 t ngerVer ag( s 2 魔おり〆賜 物” わ Co7 ed opg . . ‐ A‐Br小ns ,Spr ,A7 02ろ硲た Pmのe泊鐙 げ の7 i do Ma 1989 th 2 ) zd co 7 2り錆 ”云曜mれゐ‐ ”〃αZ om α7 〃錆 方 2 ‐18( . .J ‐ N. Komuro ,1-30 ,Hokka , 7 3( 1989 ) 3 7 2〆 “7 2 〃沈 溺云曜粥“偽,Proc ‐65 A N0 ‐ . .japan Acad ‐ 一一,Co“り錆 opemわ鴛 α ,77‐80 U fE fH k k i d i d 46( 1996 4 劫 初 α 力 ) わ 0 J 加 云 n f 錆 m 符 o o a o v o u c 〆 ゆ “ れ り p g のれ o ” 8 m 7 2 硲 e 鋤 q 軽 ‐ . . ‐ . -- ,13‐19 , , 1979 i 5 S ) 2ひ釧 qp s an Math gmお鷲,Rus ‐Survey34( . .S ‐ ‐Kutateladze, CD7 P 0 P U i 1 9 7 R T R f l l i i ( t t ) 6 k A Z n r C r n o n v e r s e s s o c a e a r む c e s y れ α s 伽 ひ 釧 - ‐ . . , ,. 7 2ゐ,αれd 2 α侮 Noγの吃〆 勿云曜m7 . --,加云理mZル賜物7. 肌8硲”m 腿BS郷にZ Z ingerVer lag Be l i 1976 ) O”s r n( . ,Spr ,157‐207. (4).
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