1) 2) 3) 3) Field Investigation for Reduction Effect of Heat-Island Phenomena by Urban River Morihiro HARADA 1) Takehiro TEJIMA 2) Kensuke OKUYAMA 3)

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Field Investigation for Reduction Effect of Heat-Island Phenomena by Urban River

Morihiro HARADA

1)

㸪

_{Takehiro TEJIMA}

2)

㸪

_{Kensuke OKUYAMA}

3)

_{and Tomoyuki TAKAGI}

3)

Abstract

Taking the Horikawa as an objective river of research, various field investigations were carried out to quantify reduction effects of the heat-island phenomena by existence of waters in an urban area. The latent heat flux and its temporary change was evaluated based on observation of the evaporation rate from the river. Through the meteorological measurements at several points in a riverside park, spatial tendency of comfort indices was found from the river to the surround area.

1. ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ㏆ᖺ㸪ᆅ⌫ࡢ ᬮ໬࡟ຍ࠼㸪㒔ᕷ໬ࡢ㐍ᒎࡸ⏕άᵝᘧ ࡢ㏆௦໬࡟కࡗ࡚㸪ᬬ⇕⎔ቃࡢᣑ኱ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠕࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔ ࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࠖࡀ῝้໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡜ࡾࢃࡅ_{2007 ᖺኟࡣ} ඲ᅜⓗ࡟㓞ᬬ࡟ぢ⯙ࢃࢀ㸪ྛᆅ࡛᭱㧗Ẽ ࡢグ㘓ࢆሬࡾ ᭰࠼ࡓࡇ࡜ࡣグ᠈࡟᪂ࡋ࠸㸬ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ≧ἣࢆᨵၿࡋࡼ࠺ ࡜㸪ឡ▱୓༤㸦_{2005 ᖺ㸧ࡸ඲ᅜࡢ୺せ㒔ᕷ࡛͆ᡴࡕỈ኱} సᡓ͇࡜㖭ᡴࡗࡓ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪௒ࡢ࡜ ࡇࢁ୍㐣ᛶࡢၨⵚ⾜஦ࡢᇦࢆฟ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬㒔ᕷࡢᬬ⇕⎔ቃࢆゎᾘࡍࡿ᪋⟇࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⎔ቃ┬ࡸྛ⮬ ἞య࡛ࡣ⥳ᆅࡸỈᇦࡢಖ඲ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬☜࠿࡟ᯘᆅ ࡸ㎰ᆅࡣ㸪ᕷ⾤ᆅ࡟ẚ࡭Ẽ ࡢୖ᪼ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿຠᯝࢆࡶࡕ㸪㒔ᕷෆ࡟ᏑᅾࡍࡿἙᕝࡸụ἟ࡶ㸪Ỉ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ⵨Ⓨ࡟క࠺ ₯⇕㸦Ẽ໬⇕㸧ࡸỈሢ⮬㌟ࡢ㈓⇕ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ẽೃኚ໬ ࡢ⦆࿴࡟᭷ຠ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬࡜ࡃ ࡟㸪㡑ᅜ࣭ࢯ࢘ࣝᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿΎ῱ᕝࡢ᚟ඖ࡟ࡼࡿẼ ୖ ᪼ࡢᢚไຠᯝࡣ᭷ྡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྡྂᒇᕷ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㸪ᇼᕝ ࡸ᪂ᇼᕝ࣭୰ᕝ㐠Ἑ࡞࡝ࡢᕷෆἙᕝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪ኟᏘࡢẼ ୖ᪼ࡀᢚ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ࡇࡇ࡛ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓ⥳ᆅࡸỈᇦࡢࡶࡘᬬ ⇕⎔ቃࡢ⦆࿴ຠᯝࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿ࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊ ✲ࡣ㸪ྡྂᒇᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢ㐍⾜ ≧ἣࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ᇼᕝࢆ౛࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸪Ỉ㠃࠿ࡽ ࡢ⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ ᐃ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟Ἑᕝ࿘㎶ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤẼ㇟ࡢほ ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ἑᕝࡢࡶࡘᬬ⇕⎔ቃࡢ⦆࿴ຠᯝࢆ ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ㸪ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢᑐ⟇ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿᇶ♏ ㈨ᩱࢆᚓࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 2. ྡྂᒇᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢ㐍ᒎ 2.1 㒔ᕷࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟࡜ࡑࡢせᅉ ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟࡜ࡣ㸪ኟᏘ࡟࠾࠸࡚㒔ᕷ㒊ࡢẼ ࡀ㑹እ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ᓥ≧࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ⌧㇟࡛㸪㒔ᕷ໬࡟క࠺ ⎔ቃࡢᨵኚ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿ኱Ẽࡢ⇕ởᰁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡑࡢཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪_{Fig.1 ࡟ᶍᘧⓗ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪ձ⥳ᆅ} ࡸỈ㠃ᇦࡢ႙ኻ࡟క࠺⵨Ⓨ₯⇕ࡢῶᑡ㸪ղᏯᆅ໬ࡸ㐨㊰ ⯒⿦࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⮬↛ᆅ┙ࡢேᕤ⿕そ໬࡟ࡼࡿᨺᑕ⇕࣭㢧⇕ ࡢቑຍ㸪ճ࢚࢔ࢥ࣭ࣥ⮬ື㌴➼࠿ࡽࡢேᕤ᤼⇕࡟ࡼࡿ㢧 ⇕ࡢቑຍ㸪մᘓ≀࡟ࡼࡿᆅᙧࡢพฝࡀቑࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᙅ 㢼ᇦࡢᙧᡂ➼ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ1)㸬ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧ ㇟ࡣ༢࡟ኟᏘࡢ⏕άࡀ㐣ࡈࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪⇕୰⑕ ࡞࡝೺ᗣ࡬ࡢᝏᙳ㡪ࡸ㸪෭ᡣࢆᙉ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ஧㓟 ໬Ⅳ⣲᤼ฟ㔞ࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿቑຍࢆࡶᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪 ྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾ⦆࿴ࡍࡿດຊࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 1) ᘓタࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ 2) ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄢ⛬ᘓタࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛᑓᨷ 3) ᘓタࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉ 4 ᖺ 1) Department of Civil Engineering 2) Master Course of Civil Engineering 3) Student of Civil Engineering

Ꮿᆅ໬䜔㐨㊰⯒⿦ ⮬↛ᆅ┙䛾 ேᕤ⿕そ໬ 㢧⇕䛾ቑຍ ⥳ᆅ䛾႙ኻ Ỉ㠃䛾ᾘኻ ₯⇕䛾ῶᑡ ⵨Ⓨᩓ䛾ῶᑡ ᕤሙ䞉䜶䜰䝁䞁 ⮬ື㌴䛾ቑຍ ᘓ≀䛻䜘䜛 ᆅᙧ䛾พฝ໬ ᙅ㢼ᇦ䛾ᙧᡂ ேᕤ᤼⇕䛾ቑຍ 㒔ᕷᇦ䛾ᬬ⇕⎔ቃ䛾ᙧᡂ ⇕䛾೵⁫䞉྿⁀䜚 ⵳⇕䞉஘཯ᑕ䛾ቑຍ ᨺᑕ⇕䛾ቑຍ ᳃ᯘ䛾ఆ᥇ ㎰ᆅ䛾㌿⏝ Ỉᇦ䛾ᇙ❧䛶 Ꮿᆅ໬䜔㐨㊰⯒⿦ ⮬↛ᆅ┙䛾 ேᕤ⿕そ໬ 㢧⇕䛾ቑຍ ⥳ᆅ䛾႙ኻ Ỉ㠃䛾ᾘኻ ₯⇕䛾ῶᑡ ⵨Ⓨᩓ䛾ῶᑡ ᕤሙ䞉䜶䜰䝁䞁 ⮬ື㌴䛾ቑຍ ᘓ≀䛻䜘䜛 ᆅᙧ䛾พฝ໬ ᙅ㢼ᇦ䛾ᙧᡂ ேᕤ᤼⇕䛾ቑຍ 㒔ᕷᇦ䛾ᬬ⇕⎔ቃ䛾ᙧᡂ ⇕䛾೵⁫䞉྿⁀䜚 ⵳⇕䞉஘཯ᑕ䛾ቑຍ ᨺᑕ⇕䛾ቑຍ ᳃ᯘ䛾ఆ᥇ ㎰ᆅ䛾㌿⏝ Ỉᇦ䛾ᇙ❧䛶 Fig. 1 ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢせᅉ࡜࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒㸦ཎ⏣㸧

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2.2 ྡྂᒇᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㏆ᖺࡢẼೃኚ໬ _{Fig. 2 ࡣ㸪ྡྂᒇ࡜῿⨾༙ᓥඛ➃ࡢఀⰋ†࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 8} ᭶ࡢᖹᆒẼ ࢆ㸪_{1966 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2007 ᖺࡲ࡛ 42 ᖺ㛫ࡢ࢔࣓} ࢲࢫࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽᥥ࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ࡟࠾࠸࡚୧⪅ࢆẚ ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜㸪_{1975 ᖺ㡭ࡲ࡛ࡣ࡯ࡰྠ୍ࡢ್ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ} ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪㏆ᖺࡣᚎࠎ࡟ᕪࡀ㛤ࡁጞࡵ㸪᭱㏆࡛ࡣྡྂᒇࡢ ᪉ࡀఀⰋ†ࡼࡾࡶ㸯Υ௨ୖ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Fig.3 ࡣྠࡌࡃ࢔࣓ࢲࢫࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ㸪ྡ ྂᒇᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚_{7 ᭶㹼9 ᭶࡟Ẽ ࡀ 30Υࢆ㉸࠼ࡓᘏ࡭} ᫬㛫ࡢศᕸࢆ_{1981 ᖺ࡜1998 ᖺ࡛ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ}1)㸬 1981 ᖺ࡟ࡣᒱ㜧ࡸከ἞ぢ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ┅ᆅ࡛㧗 ࡢᆅⅬࡀ ぢࡽࢀࡿ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪_{1998 ᖺ࡟ࡣ⃰ᑿᖹ㔝඲} ᇦ࡛㧗 ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬࡜ࡃ࡟ྡྂᒇ࡛ࡣ㸪 30Υ㉸ࡢᘏ࡭᫬㛫ࡀ 227 ᫬㛫࠿ࡽ 2 ಸࡢ 434 ᫬㛫࡟ቑຍ ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᬬ⇕໬ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 2.3 ྡྂᒇᆅᇦࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢཎᅉ 㒔ᕷࡢᬬ⇕໬ࡢཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᅵᆅ฼⏝ ࡢኚ໬࡜ேᕤ᤼⇕㔞ࡢቑ኱ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿ㸬_{Fig. 4 ࡣྡྂᒇ} ᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥳࡟そࢃࢀࡓᆅᇦࡢศᕸࢆ⾲ࢃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ2)㸬 ᡓᚋ㸪ᕷෆࡢᗈ࠸⠊ᅖ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⥳ᆅࡸ㎰ᆅࡣࡇࡢ ༙ୡ⣖ࡢ㛫࡟ᛴῶࡋ㸪໭ᮾ㒊ࡢ୍㒊ࢆ㝖࠸࡚࡯ࡰ඲ᇦࡀ ᕷ⾤ᆅ໬ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬Ỉᇦ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ከࡃࡢᕷෆἙᕝࡀ ᬯῺ໬ࡉࢀࡿ୍᪉࡛㸪ࡓࡵụࡶ┦ᙜᩘࡀᇙࡵ❧࡚ࡽࢀ㸪 ࡑࡢᩘࡣ_{Fig. 5 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬} ୍᪉㸪ேᕤⓗ࡞᤼⇕㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ྡྂᒇᕷෆ࠾ࡼࡧ ࿘㎶ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰⥙ࡢᩚഛ࡟కࡗ࡚⮬ື㌴஺㏻ࡢቑ ຍࡢ࡯࠿㸪࢚࢔ࢥࣥࢆഛ࠼ࡓఫᏯࡀ_{Fig. 6 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛴቑ} ࡋ㸪ࡇࡢ㛫࡟ᕷẸࡢ⏕άᵝᘧࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀఛ ࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢኚ໬ࡀ㸪๓㏙ࡋࡓ㒔ᕷࡢᬬ⇕໬ࢆᘬࡁ ㉳ࡇࡍせᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ␲࠸࡞࠸㸬 ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࢆ⦆࿴ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ྡ ྂᒇᕷ࡛ࡣ⥳ᆅࡸỈᇦࡢಖ඲ࡸ᪂ࡓ࡞ᩚഛࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠾ ࡾ2)㸪ᕷẸᅋయ࠿ࡽࡶ㒔ᚰ࡟⥳ᆅᖏࡸ͆ࡏࡏࡽࡂỈ㊰͇ ࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࢆ⦆࿴ࡍࡿ⾤࡙ࡃ Fig. 4 ྡྂᒇᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⥳⿕ᆅࡢ᥎⛣2) 㻞㻣㻤㻝㻣㻤㻝㻝㻞㻥㻞㻢㻡㻞㻟㻤㻞㻤㻟㻤㻝㻣㻥㻤㻝㻥㻟㻜㻡㻜㻝㻜㻜㻝㻡㻜㻞㻜㻜㻞㻡㻜㻟㻜㻜㻟㻡㻜㻠㻜㻜㻝㻥㻢㻡㻝㻥㻣㻝㻝㻥㻣㻣㻝㻥㻤㻞㻝㻥㻤㻣 ⌧ᅾ 䛯䜑 ụ ᩘ බ᭷ụ Ẹ᭷ụ Fig. 5 ྡྂᒇᕷෆࡢࡓࡵụࡢ᥎⛣ 㸦➨2 ᅇ࡞ࡈࡸỈࡢ⎔ࢃ᚟ά᥎㐍༠㆟఍㈨ᩱࡼࡾసᡂ㸧㻜㻝㻜㻞㻜㻟㻜㻠㻜㻡㻜㻢㻜㻣㻜㻤㻜㻥㻜㻝㻥㻢㻢㻝㻥㻣㻜㻝㻥㻣㻠㻝㻥㻣㻤㻝㻥㻤㻞㻝㻥㻤㻢㻝㻥㻥㻜㻝㻥㻥㻠㻝㻥㻥㻤㻞㻜㻜㻞㻞㻜㻜㻢 ୡᖏᩘ䚷㼇㽢㻝㻜㻠㼉 Fig. 6 ྡྂᒇᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚࢔ࢥࣥࢆᡤᣢࡍࡿୡᖏᩘࡢ᥎⛣ 㸦ྡྂᒇᕷ⥲ົᒁ㈨ᩱ࠾ࡼࡧ⎔ቃ┬⤫ィ㞟࡟ࡼࡾసᡂ㸧㻞㻠㻞㻡㻞㻢㻞㻣㻞㻤㻞㻥㻟㻜㻟㻝㻝㻥㻢㻢㻝㻥㻣㻜㻝㻥㻣㻠㻝㻥㻣㻤㻝㻥㻤㻞㻝㻥㻤㻢㻝㻥㻥㻜㻝㻥㻥㻠㻝㻥㻥㻤㻞㻜㻜㻞㻞㻜㻜㻢䠔 ᭶ 䛾 ᖹ ᆒ Ẽ 㻌䠄䉝䠅 ྡྂᒇ ఀⰋ† Fig. 2 ྡྂᒇ࡜ఀⰋ†࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 8 ᭶ᖹᆒẼ ࡢ⤒ᖺኚ໬ Fig. 3 ྡྂᒇᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿẼ 30Υ㉸ᘏ࡭᫬㛫ࡢศᕸ1)

(3)

ࡾࡀᥦゝࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 㸬ࡑ࠺ࡋࡓලయⓗ࡞᪋⟇ࢆ᳨ウࡍ ࡿ࡟ᙜࡗ࡚㸪ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡿຠᯝࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ᐇ㝿⌧㇟࡟ᑐࡍࡿほ㈨ᩱࡀ༑ศ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪 ᳨ウࡢ㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬௨ୗ࡛ࡣ㸪ྡྂᒇᕷෆࢆὶࢀ ࡿᇼᕝࢆ౛࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸪Ỉᇦࡀࡶࡘ࿘㎶ᆅᇦ࡬ࡢẼೃ⦆࿴ ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᐇ ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿ㸬 3. ᇼᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ ᐃ ᇼᕝࡣỤᡞ᫬௦࡟㛤๐ࡉࢀࡓỈ㊰ࢆ㉳※࡜ࡋ㸪ྡྂᒇ ᕷࡢ㒔ᚰ㒊ࢆ༡໭࡟㈏࠸࡚ྡྂᒇ ࡟ὀࡄὶ㊰㛗 _16.2 km ࡢ㒔ᕷἙᕝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Fig. 7 ཧ↷㸧㸬ᕝᖜࡣୖὶ࡛ࡣ 20m ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ୗὶᇦ࡛ࡣ_{100m ㏆ࡃ࡟ᗈࡀࡾ㸪Ỉ㎶ࡢ} ஈࡋ࠸ྡྂᒇ࡟࠾࠸࡚㈗㔜࡞Ỉᇦ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ ࡛ࡣᇼᕝࡢ୰ὶᇦࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ἙᕝỈ ࡢὶୗ᪉ྥ ศᕸ㸪Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬㸪Ἑᕝࡀ࿘㎶ᆅᇦࡢ ᚤẼ㇟࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪㸪ࡢ_{3 Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌧ᆅほ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬} 3.1 ᇼᕝࡢỈ ࡢὶୗ᪉ྥศᕸ ᇼᕝࡢࡶࡘࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢ⦆࿴ຠᯝࢆ⪃࠼ ࡿ࡟ඛ❧ࡕ㸪ᇼᕝࡢỈ ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸪㐟ぴ⯪ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚⯪ୖ࠿ࡽ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ほ ࡣ 2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶_{12 ᪥㸪኱₻ࡢᖸ₻᫬࡟ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬Fig. 8 ࡟ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ} ♧ࡍ㸬ᐑࡢΏࡋ㸦⇕⏣༊㸧࡛஌⯪ࡋ⣡ᒇᶫ㸦୰༊㸧࡛ୗ ⯪ࡍࡿࡲ࡛_{74 ศࡀ⤒㐣ࡋ࡚࠸࡚ྠ᫬้ࡢほ ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼} ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᇼᕝࡢ⾲ᒙỈ ࡣ_{29㹼30Υ࡛Ᏻᐃࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ሙ} ᡤⓗ࡞౫Ꮡᛶࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠸㸬Ẽ ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࡿ࡜㸪 Ẽ ࡀ _{3Υవࡾୖ᪼ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪Ỉ ࡢୖ᪼ࡣ⦆} ࡸ࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ྠᵝ࡞⯪ୖㄪᰝࢆ_{2006 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 24 ᪥࡟ࡶ⾜} ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪Ỉ ࡀ඲యⓗ࡟_{3㹼4Υప࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪㢮ఝ} ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᇼᕝࡢ୰ୗὶᇦࡢ ⾲ᒙỈ ࡣሙᡤⓗ࡟ࡣ࡯ࡰ୍ᵝ࡛㸪Ἑᕝ඲య࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⦆ ࡸ࠿࡞᫬㛫ⓗኚ໬ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬 3.2 ᇼᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢィ ἙᕝࡢᬯῺ໬ࡸụ἟ࡢᇙ❧࡚ࡣ㸪Ỉ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ⵨Ⓨࢆῶ ᑡࡉࡏ㸪㒔ᕷࡢᬬ⇕໬ࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ࣄ࣮ ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࢆ⦆࿴ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎ᪤ᏑࡢỈᇦࡢಖ ඲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ㸬ྜྷ⏣࣭࿴ஂ㸦_{2007㸧ࡣ㸪ᇼᕝ} ࡀࡶࡘࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢ⦆࿴ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪⇕཰ ᨭࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽィ⟬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ホ౯ࡍࡿඛ㥑ⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓ5)㸬ࡇࡢᡂᯝࢆ᳨ドࡋ࡚௒ᚋࡢ᳨ウ࡟ά࠿ࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪 ᐇ㝿࡟ᇼᕝ࡛ ᐃࡉࢀࡓྛ✀ࡢほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛➹⪅ࡽࡣ㸪ᇼᕝ୰ὶᇦࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ 㔞࡟ᐇ ࢆヨࡳ㸪ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᇼᕝ඲ᇦ࠿ࡽࡢỈ㠃 ⵨Ⓨ㔞࡜₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓ㸬 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢィ ᪉ἲ ๓⠇ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ㸪ᇼᕝࡢỈ ࡣሙᡤⓗ࡟୍ᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ほ ࡣ㸪_{Fig. 7 ࡟♧ࡍᚚ㝠ᶫ㸦Ἑཱྀ࠿ࡽ 4.4km㸧} ௜㏆࡛⾜ࡗࡓ㸬⌧ᆅ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ ᐃ᪉ἲࢆ Fig. 7 ྡྂᒇᕷෆࢆὶࢀࡿᇼᕝ࡜௒ᅇࡢほ ༊ᇦ 㻞㻤㻞㻥㻟㻜㻟㻝㻟㻞㻟㻟㻟㻠㻟㻡㻟㻢㻟㻚㻜㻟㻚㻡㻠㻚㻜㻠㻚㻡㻡㻚㻜㻡㻚㻡㻢㻚㻜㻢㻚㻡㻣㻚㻜㻣㻚㻡㻤㻚㻜㻤㻚㻡㻥㻚㻜 Ἑཱྀ䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳㻌䠄㼗㼙䠅㻌ᗘ 㻌䠄䉝䠅 Ẽ 㻌䠄䉝䠅 Ỉ 㻌䠄䝨䝑䝔䞁䝁䞊䝦䝹 ᗘィ䠈䉝䠅 Ỉ 㻌䠄 ᗘ䝉䞁䝃䞊㼀㻾㻙㻣㻝㼁䠈䉝䠅 ኱ ℩ Ꮚ ᶫ ⓑ 㫽 ᶫ ⇕ ⏣ グ ᛕ ᶫ ⎼ ᒇ ᶫ ఫ ྜྷ ᶫ ᑿ 㢌 ᶫ ྂ Ώ ᶫ ᒣ ⋤ ᶫ ᯇ 㔜 ᶫ ᪥ ⨨ ᶫ ᒾ ஭ ᶫ ᪂ Ὢ ᓮ ᶫ ⣡ ᒇ ᶫ ᐑ 䛾 Ώ 䛧 Fig. 8 ᇼᕝࡢ୰ୗὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⾲ᒙỈ ࡢศᕸ 㸦 ᐃ᪥᫬㸸_{2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 12 ᪥ 10:40㹼11:54㸧} ⵨Ⓨ㔞ほ ᚤẼ㇟ほ ᚚ㝠ᶫ ᐑࡢΏࡋ

(4)

Fig. 9 ࡟㸪౑⏝ࡋࡓ ᐃჾලࢆ Photo 1 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ᇼᕝࡣឤ ₻Ἑᕝ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪₻ộ࡟ࡼࡾ᭱኱⣙_{2 m ࡢỈ఩ኚືࡀ⏕ࡌ} ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ᾋయᐜჾࢆㆤᓊ࠿ࡽỈ㠃࡟ᾋ࠿࡭㸪୍ ᐃ᫬㛫ࡈ࡜࡟ྞୖࡆ࡚㸪⵨Ⓨ࡟క࠺ᐜჾෆࡢỈ㔞ኚ໬ࢆ 㟁Ꮚኳ⛗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓ㸬ᐜჾෆࡢỈ ࡣ ἙᕝỈ ࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪኱Ꮫᵓෆ࡛ண ഛᐇ㦂ࢆ⧞㏉ࡋ࡚ᐜჾࡢ〇స࡜ᨵⰋࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬࡞࠾㸪Ỉ ᐃ࡟ࡣ ᗘィ ࣮ࣟ࢞_{TR-71U ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬} ᇼᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢほ ⤖ᯝ ⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢほ ࡣFig. 11 ࡟♧ࡍᇼᕝ୰ὶᇦ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬 ࡇࡢ㎶ࡾࡢᇼᕝࡣ༑ศ࡞ᕝᖜ㸦_{50m㸧ࢆࡶࡘࡀ㸪ᮅኤࡣ} ㆤᓊ࡟ࡼࡿ᪥ᙳࡀỈ㠃ୖ࡟࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪༗๓ࡣྑᓊ㸪༗ ᚋࡣᕥᓊ࡛ィ ࡋࡓ㸬_{2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 21 ᪥࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇ ⤖} ᯝࢆ_{Fig. 12 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡢ᪥ࡢኳೃࡣᬕኳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ṇ} ༗๓ᚋ࡟㞼ࡀᗈࡀࡗࡓ㸬ᅗ(a)ࡣ ᇼᕝࡢỈ ࡜ᐜჾෆỈ ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪_{15 ᫬௨㝆࡟ᕪ␗ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪} ௚ࡢ᫬㛫ᖏ࡛ࡣ୧⪅ࡣᴫࡡ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ ᐃ⢭ᗘࢆୖࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ᾋయᐜჾࡣ₃ ྎ㸦_{No.1㹼3㸧ࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ(b)ࡣ ࡑࡢ ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡋ} ࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪ⱝᖸࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ྛ᫬้࡛_{3 ྎ} ࡢ್ࢆᖹᆒࡍࡿ࡜㸪⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡣἙᕝỈ ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ኚ໬ࡋ㸪 ༗๓ࡼࡾࡶ༗ᚋࡢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬 ᅗ_{(b)࡟♧ࡋࡓ 6 ᫬㹼18 ᫬ࡲ࡛᫬㛫ᖹᆒ⵨Ⓨ㔞ࢆྜィ} Fig. 9 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ ᐃᡭἲ 䠍䠐䠑䠒䠍䠐䠑䠒 Photo 1 ᐃ࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓჾල A B C ᇼᕝ 䠎䠍 55m 60m 70m 70m 25m ซ ౛ 䠖 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞 ᐃᆅⅬ 䠖㢼㏿䞉Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䞉Ẽᅽィ䠖 Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䝅䜵䝹䝍䞊 A A B B C C ᇼᕝ 䠎䠎䠍䠍 55m 60m 70m 70m 25m ซ ౛ 䠖 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞 ᐃᆅⅬ 䠖㢼㏿䞉Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䞉Ẽᅽィ䠖 Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䝅䜵䝹䝍䞊 ซ ౛ 䠖 Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞 ᐃᆅⅬ 䠖㢼㏿䞉Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䞉Ẽᅽィ䠖 Ẽ 䞉‵ᗘ䝅䜵䝹䝍䞊 Fig. 11 ᇼᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞࠾ࡼࡧᚤẼ㇟ほ ᆅⅬ Photo 2 ᇼᕝ୰ὶᇦࡢ㢼ᬒ㸦ᚚ㝠ᶫ࠿ࡽ⇕⏣グᛕᶫࢆᮃࡴ㸧㻞㻡㻞㻢㻞㻣㻞㻤㻞㻥㻟㻜㻟㻝㻟㻞㻟㻟㻟㻠㻟㻡㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻜᫬ 㻌ᗘ 㻌㻔䉝㻕㻠㻜㻠㻠㻠㻤㻡㻞㻡㻢㻢㻜㻢㻠㻢㻤㻣㻞㻣㻢㻤㻜 ‵ 㻌ᗘ 㻌䠄䠂䠅ィ ᐜჾ䛾ᖹᆒỈ 㻭㻌㼇䉝㼉ィ ᐜჾ䛾ᖹᆒỈ 㻮㻌㼇䉝㼉 Ἑᕝ䛾ᖹᆒỈ 㻭㻌㼇䉝㼉 Ἑᕝ䛾ᖹᆒỈ 㻮㻌㼇䉝㼉 Ẽ 䠄䉝䠅 ‵ᗘ䠄䠂䠅 ྑᓊഃ ᕥᓊഃ 㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻤᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻥᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻜᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻝᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻞᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻟᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻠᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻡᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻤᫬ ᫬㻌้ (a) ἙᕝỈ ࡜ᐜჾෆỈ ࡢẚ㍑㻜㻚㻜㻜㻚㻝㻜㻚㻞㻜㻚㻟㻜㻚㻠㻜㻚㻡㻜㻚㻢㻜㻚㻣䠓᫬ 䠔᫬ 䠕᫬ 㻝㻜᫬ 㻝㻝᫬ 㻝㻞᫬ 㻝㻟᫬ 㻝㻠᫬ 㻝㻡᫬ 㻝㻢᫬ 㻝㻣᫬ 㻝㻤᫬ ᫬㻌้ ⵨ Ⓨ 㔞㻌㼇㼙㼙㻛㼔㼉䚷㻺㼛㻚㻝䚷㻺㼛㻚㻞䚷㻺㼛㻚㻟 ᖹᆒ್㻌 ྑᓊഃ ᕥᓊഃ 㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻤᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻥᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻜᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻝᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻞᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻟᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻠᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻡᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻤᫬ ᫬㻌้ (b) Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢ᫬㛫ᖹᆒ್ࡢኚ໬ Fig. 12 ᚚ㝠ᶫ௜㏆࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈ㠃⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢᐇ ⤖ᯝ 㸦 ᐃ᪥᫬㸸_{2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 21 ᪥ 6:00㹼18:00㸧}

(5)

ࡍࡿ࡜_{2.94 mm ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪᪥ἐᚋࡶ⵨Ⓨࡀ⥅⥆ࡍࡿྍ⬟} ᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜㸪᪥⵨Ⓨ㔞࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ_{4 mm ⛬ᗘࡢ್࡜࡞ࡿ} ࡶࡢ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿ㸬㏆⸨࣭᱓ᙧ㸦1992㸧ࡣ㸪ὸ࠸Ỉ㠃㸦Ỉ ࡢᏘ⠇ኚື࡟ࡼࡿ఩┦㐜ࢀࢆ↓ど࡛ࡁࡿỈᇦ㸧࠿ࡽࡢ ⵨Ⓨ㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢヨ⟬⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ྡྂᒇᆅᇦࡢ_{8 ᭶ࡢ} ᭶⵨Ⓨ㔞ࢆ_{107 mm ࡜᥎ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ}6)㸬ࡇࡢ್ࢆ᪥ᖹᆒ ್࡟┤ࡍ࡜_{3.45 mm ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ᬕኳ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ௒ᅇࡢ ᐃ್} ࡀጇᙜ࡞ᩘ್࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⿬௜ࡅࡽࢀࡿ㸬 3.3 ᇼᕝ඲య࡟࠾ࡅࡿ₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ᥎ᐃ Ỉ㠃࠿ࡽࡢ⵨Ⓨࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ࡜㸪₯⇕࡜ࡋ࡚࿘ᅖ࠿ࡽ⇕ࡀ ዣࢃࢀ㸪⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚Ẽ ࢆୗࡆࡿຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ ᐇ ࡋࡓ⵨Ⓨ㔞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪ᇼᕝ඲య࠿ࡽዣࢃࢀ ࡿ₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆ⟬ᐃࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺㸬 Ỉ㠃ࡢ༢఩㠃✚㹙_m2㹛㸪༢఩᫬㛫㹙_{s㹛ᙜࡓࡾࡢ₯⇕ࣇ} ࣛࢵࢡࢫ_lE㹙W/m2㹛ࡣḟᘧ࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 U E l lE (1) ࡇࡇ࡟㸪E㸸⵨Ⓨ㔞㹙m/s㹛㸪 l㸸ỈࡢẼ໬⇕㹙J/kg㹛㸪U㸸 Ỉࡢᐦᗘ㹙_kg/m3㹛࡛࠶ࡾ㸪_{l ࡜}UࡣỈ ࡢ㛵ᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 Fig. 12 ࡢほ ್ࢆࡶ࡜࡟㸪₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ᫬㛫ᖹᆒ ್ࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ_{Fig. 13 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪₯⇕} ࡣỈ ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪⵨Ⓨ㔞ࡢኚ໬࡜㢮ఝࡢኚ໬ ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬᭱኱್ࡣ_{307 W/m}2㸪᪥୰ࡢᖹᆒ್ࡣᅗ୰ ࡟◚⥺࡛ᥥ࠸ࡓࡼ࠺࡟_{165 W/m}2࡜኱ࡁ࡞್࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡕ࡞ ࡳ࡟㸪ࡇࡢ್࡟ᇼᕝ඲యࡢỈ㠃㠃✚࡜ࡋ࡚_{A = 1.1010}6 m2_{ࢆ஌ࡌࡿ࡜㸪ᇼᕝ࠿ࡽࡢ༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢ₯⇕㍺㏦㔞} ࡣ᭱኱࡛_3.4108_{W㸪᪥୰ᖹᆒ࡛ 1.810}8_{W ࡜ぢ✚ࡶࡽ} ࢀࡿ㸬ྡྂᒇᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ8 ᭶ࡢேᕤ᤼⇕㔞ࢆ 600 TJ/day = 6.94×109_{W ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ್ࡣேᕤ᤼⇕ࡢ 4.9%㸪} 2.6%ࢆ྾཰ࡍࡿ㔞࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ㸬ᇼᕝࡢᏑᅾࡀᬬ⇕໬ࡢ⦆ ࿴࡟୍ᐃࡢᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡼ࠺㸬 4. ᇼᕝ㏆ഐ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤẼ㇟ほ Ỉ㠃⵨Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿẼ ෭༷ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡓࡀ㸪Ἑᕝ ࡢᙺ๭ࡣࡑࢀࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᕷ⾤ᆅ࡟࡞࠸㢼ࡢὶࢀ࡟ࡼ ࡗ࡚࿘㎶ᆅᇦ࡟ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡑࡇ࡛㸪_{Fig. 11 ࡟♧ࡋࡓᇼᕝ࡜࿘㎶ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ẽ㇟ほ} ࢆ⾜࠸㸪Ἑᕝࡢᙳ㡪ᗘྜ࠸࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬 4.1 ほ㡯┠࡜ィ ᪉ἲ Ẽ ࡸ‵ᗘࡣほ ᆅⅬࡢ㊰㠃ࡸ᳜⏕➼࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿ ࡓࡵ㸪Ἑᕝ࠿ࡽࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ୍ᵝ࡞ ✵㛫ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛௒ᅇࡣ㸪ᇼᕝ࡜ྑᓊ࡟ᗈࡀࡿⓑ 㫽බᅬࢆほ ್ᇦ࡟㑅ᐃࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ከࡃࡢᆅⅬ࡛ほ ࡍࡿᚲせ࠿ࡽ㸪 ᐃ㡯┠ࢆ⤠ࡾ_{5 ᆅⅬ࡛ᐃⅬほ ࢆ⾜ࡗ} ࡓ㸬ࡲࡎ㸪Ἑᕝࡢᶫᱱୖ࡜බᅬす➃ࡢ2 ⟠ᡤ࡟㢼ྥ㢼㏿㺃 Ẽ 㺃‵ᗘ㺃Ẽᅽ➼ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿྍᦙᆺẼ㇟ほィ_Kestrel 4500 ࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Photo 3 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞⮬↛㏻㢼 ᘧࢩ࢙ࣝࢱ࣮7)ࢆ⮬సࡋ㸪Ẽ ࣭‵ᗘィ ࣮ࣟ࢞_TR-72U ࢆ㧗ࡉ_{1.5m ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇ࡛බᅬෆࡢ 3 ⟠ᡤ࡟タ⨨ࡋࡓ㸬} ᐃ᫬㛫ࡣ6:00㹼18:00 ࡢ 12 ᫬㛫࡜ࡋ㸪10 ศ㛫㝸࡛ࢹ࣮ ࢱࢆ཰㘓ࡋࡓ㸬౑⏝ࡋࡓィ_{5 ྎࡢ ᐃᶵჾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ኱} Ꮫᵓෆ࡛ணഛᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸㸪⢭ᗘ࡜┦஫ࡢჾᕪࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓ㸬 4.2 㢼㏿㺃Ẽ 㺃‵ᗘࡢほ ⤖ᯝ 2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶࡟⾜ࡗࡓ⌧ᆅほ ⤖ᯝࢆ Fig. 14 ࡟♧ࡍ㸬 ᅗ_{(a) ࡣᚚ㝠ᶫࡢ୰ኸ࡜ఫᏯᆅ࡟㞄᥋ࡋࡓබᅬす➃࡟࠾} ࡅࡿ㢼㏿ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㢼㏿ࡣ⣽࠿ ࡃኚືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪Ἑᕝࡢ᪉ࡀఫᏯᆅࡼࡾࡶ㢼ࡀᙉ ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᙜ᪥ࡣṇ༗๓ᚋ࡟୍᫬ⓗ࡟᭎ࡗ ࡓࡓࡵ㢼ࡀᙅࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪༗ᚋ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࡜ࡃ࡟ᕝἢ࠸ ࡛㢼ࡀᙉࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᅗ_{(b) ࡣ㸪5 ᆅⅬ࡛ ᐃࡋࡓẼ ࡜‵ᗘࢆἙᕝࡢᶓ᩿᪉} ྥࡢศᕸ࡛♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬_{8 ᭶ 21 ᪥ࡢ᪉ࡀ 11 ᪥ࡼ} ࡾࡶ඲య࡟Ẽ ࡀ㧗ࡃ‵ᗘࡣప࠸ࡀ㸪࡝ࡕࡽࡢ᪥࡟࠾࠸ ࡚ࡶ✵㛫ศᕸࡢ≉ᚩࡣඹ㏻ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪Ẽ ࡣ Ἑᕝ࡟㏆࠸࡯࡝పࡃ㸪ෆ㝣࡟ྥ࠿࠺࡟ࡘࢀ࡚ୖ᪼ࡍࡿ㸬 ‵ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣⱝᖸኚືࡍࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᴫࡡἙᕝ࠿ࡽෆ㝣 ࡟ྥ࠿࠺࡟ࡘࢀ࡚ῶᑡࡍࡿഴྥ࡟࠶ࡿ㸬㻜㻝㻜㻜㻞㻜㻜㻟㻜㻜㻣᫬ 㻤᫬ 㻥᫬ 㻝㻜᫬ 㻝㻝᫬ 㻝㻞᫬ 㻝㻟᫬ 㻝㻠᫬ 㻝㻡᫬ 㻝㻢᫬ 㻝㻣᫬ 㻝㻤᫬ ᫬㻌้ ༢ ఩ 㠃 ✚ ᙜ 䜚䛾 ₯ ⇕ 䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䚷l E㻌㼇㼃㻛㼙㻞㼉㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻤᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻥᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻜᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻝᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻞᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻟᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻠᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻡᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻢᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻣᫬㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻝㻤᫬ ᫬㻌้ Fig. 13 ₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ᫬㛫ⓗኚ໬ࡢ⟬ᐃ⤖ᯝ Photo 3 ࢩ࢙ࣝࢱ࣮ࡢタ⨨≧ἣ㸦ᆅⅬ B ࠿ࡽ C ࢆᮃࡴ㸧

(6)

4.3 ほ ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᛌ㐺ᛶᣦᶆࡢホ౯ ୖ㏙ࡋࡓほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡶ࡜࡟㸪ᇼᕝ࡜࿘㎶ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅ ࡿᛌ㐺ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿ㸬ᛌ㐺ᛶࢆᩘ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿ ࡓࡵ࡟ከࡃࡢᣦᶆࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡼࡃ▱ ࡽࢀࡓ୙ᛌᣦᩘ࡜㸰✀㢮ࡢయឤ ᗘࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿ㸬 ୙ᛌᣦᩘ_{DI㸪࣑ࢫࢼ࣮ࣝࡢయឤ ᗘ T}_M㸪ࣜࣥࢣࡢయឤ ᗘ_T_Lࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀḟᘧ࡛ィ⟬ࡉࢀࡿ㸬 3 . 46 ) 3 . 14 99 . 0 ( 01 . 0 81 . 0 T H T DI (2)

¸ ¹ · ¨ © § 100 8 . 0 10 3 . 2 1 _T H T TM (3) v T TL 4 (4) ࡇࡇ࡟㸪_{T㸸Ẽ 㹙Υ㹛㸪H㸸┦ᑐ‵ᗘ㹙%㹛㸪v㸸㢼㏿㹙m/s㹛} ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬_{Fig.15 ࡣ㸪8 ᭶ 21 ᪥ 14:00 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿほ ್ࢆ⏝} ࠸㸪ୖグ_{3 ᣦᶆࡢ✵㛫ศᕸࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗࢆぢ} ࡿ࡜㸪DI ࡢ್ࡣࠕ඲ဨࡀ୙ᛌ࡟ឤࡌࡿࠖ࡜ࡉࢀࡿ 80 ࢆ ඲ᆅⅬ࡛㉸࠼࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㠀ᖖ࡟⵨ࡋᬬ࠸≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜࠸ ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ್ࡣἙᕝ࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀࡿ࡟ࡘࢀ࡚ቑຍࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪 ෆ㝣㒊࡯࡝୙ᛌࡢᗘྜ࠸ࡀቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬Ẽ ࡜‵ᗘ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ_T_Mࡢ್ࡶ_{DI ࡜ྠᵝ࡞ഴྥࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸} ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪㢼㏿ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓT_L࡛ࡣᕝἢ࠸࡜ఫᏯᆅ࡜ࡢ ᕪࡣ࠸ࡗࡑ࠺ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪Ἑᕝࡀ͆㢼ࡢ㐨͇࡛࠶ࡿࡇ ࡜ࡢຠᯝࡀ᫂☜࡟⌧ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜࠸࠼ࡿ㸬 5. ࠾ࢃࡾ࡟ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ྡྂᒇᕷࡢᇼᕝࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪Ỉ㠃࠿ࡽ ࡢ⵨Ⓨ㔞ࢆᐇ ࡋ࡚₯⇕ࣇࣛࢵࢡࢫࢆồࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪 ἙᕝࡢࡶࡘẼ ෭༷ຠᯝࡢホ౯ࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᇼᕝ࡜ ࿘㎶ᇦࡢከᆅⅬ࡛Ẽ㇟ほ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪Ἑᕝ࡟㏆࠸ ᆅⅬ࡯࡝Ẽ ࡀపࡃ㢼ࡶᙉ࠸ࡓࡵ㸪ᛌ㐺ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪Ἑᕝࡢᙳ㡪⠊ᅖࡢᗈࡀࡾ࡟ࡘ ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝ༊ᇦࡀἙ␁࠿ࡽ_{250m ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ} ࡓࡵ㸪᫂☜࡟࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬௒ᚋ㸪⛣ືほ ࡶྲྀࡾධࢀ㸪 ᗈ⠊ᅖ࡛ࡢ⇕཰ᨭ≧ἣࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ㅰ㎡ ᮏ◊✲ࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡾ㸪ྡྂᒇᕷ⎔ቃ㒊ࡼࡾㄪᰝ ㈨ᩱࡢᥦ౪ࢆཷࡅࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡟グࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍ㸬 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 1) ⎔ቃ┬㸸ᖹᡂ 12 ᖺᗘࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻ⌧㇟ࡢᐇែゎ ᯒ࡜ᑐ⟇ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌᭩㸪_{147p.㸪2001.} 2) ྡྂᒇᕷ㸸࡞ࡈࡸỈࡢ⎔ࢃ᚟άࣉࣛࣥ 㸫㇏࠿࡞Ỉ ࡢ⎔ࡀࡉࡉ࠼ࡿࠕ⎔ቃ㤳㒔࡞ࡈࡸࠖࢆࡵࡊࡋ࡚㸫㸪_2007. 3) ୰㒊ࢽ࣮ࣗࣅࢪࢿࢫ༠㆟఍࣭ྡྂᒇᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ㸸ྡྂᒇ ࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻᑐ⟇࡬ࡢᥦゝ㸪_31p.㸪2004. 4) ྡᇛ኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊Ỉᕤࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲ᐊ㸸ྡྂᒇᇛእᇼ ࡏࡏࡽࡂᵓ᝿࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウሗ࿌᭩㸪_56p.㸪2007. 5) ྜྷ⏣ ᑦ࣭࿴ஂ᫛ṇ㸸㒔ᕷἙᕝࡢබඹ㈈࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ౯್ ホ౯࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ 㸫ᇼᕝࡢࣄ࣮ࢺ࢔࢖ࣛࣥࢻపῶຠ ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸫㸪ᅵᮌᏛ఍➨_{62 ᅇᖺㅮ㸪CS11-011㸪2007.} 6) ㏆⸨⣧ṇ࣭᱓ᙧᜏ⏨㸸᪥ᮏࡢỈᩥẼ㇟(1)㸸ᨺᑕ㔞࡜Ỉ 㠃⵨Ⓨ㸪Ỉᩥ࣭Ỉ㈨※Ꮫ఍ㄅ㸪_{5(2)㸪pp.13-27㸪1992.} 7) ∵ᒣ⣲⾜⦅㸸ࠕ㌟㏆࡞Ẽ㇟࣭Ẽೃㄪᰝࡢᇶ♏ࠖ㸪ྂ௒ ᭩㝔㸪_{pp.7-14㸪2000.} 㻜㻚㻜㻝㻚㻜㻞㻚㻜㻟㻚㻜㻠㻚㻜㻡㻚㻜㻢㻚㻜㻢᫬ 㻣᫬ 㻤᫬ 㻥᫬ 㻝㻜᫬ 㻝㻝᫬ 㻝㻞᫬ 㻝㻟᫬ 㻝㻠᫬ 㻝㻡᫬ 㻝㻢᫬ 㻝㻣᫬ 㻝㻤᫬ 㢼㏿䚷䠷䡉㻛䡏䠹 ᚚ㝠ᶫୖ බᅬす➃ ᫬㻌้ (a) Ἑᕝᶫᱱୖ࡜බᅬす➃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㢼㏿ࡢẚ㍑㸦 ᐃ᪥᫬㸸_{2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 21 ᪥ 6:00㹼18:00㸧} 㻟㻞㻟㻟㻟㻠㻟㻡㻟㻢㻟㻣㻟㻤㻙㻞㻡㻜㻞㻡㻡㻜㻣㻡㻝㻜㻜㻝㻞㻡㻝㻡㻜㻝㻣㻡㻞㻜㻜㻞㻞㻡㻞㻡㻜 ᇼᕝ䛾୰ᚰ䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳䚷䠷㼙䠹 Ẽ 㻌䚷䠷䉝䠹㻞㻡㻟㻜㻟㻡㻠㻜㻠㻡㻡㻜㻡㻡 ‵ 㻌ᗘ 䚷䠷䠂䠹 Ẽ 䠄㻤᭶㻝㻝᪥䠅 Ẽ 䠄㻤᭶㻞㻝᪥䠅 ‵ᗘ䠄㻤᭶㻝㻝᪥䠅 ‵ᗘ䠄㻤᭶㻞㻝᪥䠅 (b) Ẽ ࡜‵ᗘࡢᶓ᩿᪉ྥࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ 㸦 ᐃ᪥᫬㸸_{2007 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 11 ᪥࡜ 21 ᪥㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 14:00㸧} Fig. 14 ⓑ㫽බᅬ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᚤẼ㇟ほ ࡢ⤖ᯝ 㻤㻝㻤㻞㻤㻟㻤㻠㻤㻡㻤㻢㻙㻞㻡㻜㻞㻡㻡㻜㻣㻡㻝㻜㻜㻝㻞㻡㻝㻡㻜㻝㻣㻡㻞㻜㻜㻞㻞㻡㻞㻡㻜 ᇼᕝ䛾୰ᚰ䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳䚷䠷㼙䠹 ୙ ᛌ ᣦ ᩘ 㻞㻤㻞㻥㻟㻜㻟㻝㻟㻞㻟㻟 య ឤ ᗘ 䚷㼇䉝㼉 ୙ᛌᣦᩘ㻌㻰㻵 యឤ ᗘ䠄䝭䝇䝘䞊䝹䠅㻌㼀㻹 యឤ ᗘ䠄䝸䞁䜿䠅㻌㼀㻸 Fig. 15 ୙ᛌᣦᩘ࠾ࡼࡧయឤ ᗘࡢ⟬ᐃ⤖ᯝ （原稿受理日　平成_{19 年 9 月 25 日）}